CN114248477A - Method for forming body of plastic lining high-pressure gas cylinder - Google Patents
Method for forming body of plastic lining high-pressure gas cylinder Download PDFInfo
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- CN114248477A CN114248477A CN202210091010.5A CN202210091010A CN114248477A CN 114248477 A CN114248477 A CN 114248477A CN 202210091010 A CN202210091010 A CN 202210091010A CN 114248477 A CN114248477 A CN 114248477A
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- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 212
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000368 destabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 151
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 4
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- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D22/00—Producing hollow articles
- B29D22/003—Containers for packaging, storing or transporting, e.g. bottles, jars, cans, barrels, tanks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
- F17C1/02—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge involving reinforcing arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
- F17C2203/066—Plastics
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
- F17C2209/2154—Winding
Abstract
The invention provides a method for forming a bottle body of a plastic lining high-pressure gas bottle, which comprises the following steps: molding a plastic lining; forming a composite material layer: filling compressed gas into the plastic lining, and wrapping yarn sheets made of composite materials outside the plastic lining in a multi-layer winding and layering mode to form a composite material layer; the shaped composite layer includes: calculating to obtain the radial back pressure of each layer of winding layer on the plastic lining according to the set winding parameters of each layer of winding layer; adding the radial back pressures of all the winding layers to obtain the sum of the radial back pressures of all the winding layers to the plastic lining, and calculating the sum as the total winding radial back pressure; calculating the difference value of the total winding radial backpressure and the critical instability stress of the plastic liner to obtain a total inflation pressure guarantee value needing to inflate the interior of the plastic liner; and comparing the total inflation pressure guarantee value with the limit deformation internal pressure of the plastic lining, and determining the inflation mode according to the comparison result. The invention can avoid the deformation of the plastic lining and ensure the quality of the gas cylinder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage equipment manufacturing, in particular to a method for forming a bottle body of a plastic lining high-pressure gas bottle.
Background
High pressure, low weight, high storage hydrogen storage cylinder assemblies have been a sought after goal for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. The plastic lining high-pressure gas cylinder is also called type IV cylinder, and mainly comprises a plastic lining and a composite material layer wound and wrapped outside the plastic lining. The IV-type bottle adopts a non-metal plastic lining, so that the self weight of the gas bottle is reduced, and the IV-type bottle has higher hydrogen storage density. With the development of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industry, the IV-type bottle gradually becomes a research hotspot in the field of high-pressure hydrogen storage containers.
In type iv bottles, the plastic liner is not loaded, and the load is borne entirely by the composite layer. The composite material layer is generally wrapped outside the plastic lining by a reinforcing material (such as glass fiber and carbon fiber) and a resin (such as unsaturated resin and epoxy resin) through winding, a certain tension must be applied during winding, but the rigidity of the plastic lining is low, and the plastic lining can deform and lose stability under the influence of the winding tension during winding, so that the product performance is seriously influenced, such as bursting pressure, fatigue life and the like. To increase the stiffness of the plastic liner, it is preferred to inflate the plastic liner with compressed air as the composite layer is being wound. In some known technologies, the inflation pressure is often determined empirically, and the inflation mode is relatively random, which easily causes unreasonable winding inflation process and further causes unstable product performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for forming a bottle body of a plastic lining high-pressure gas bottle, which aims to solve the problem that the product performance is unstable easily caused by random inflation when a composite material layer is formed in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for forming a body of a plastic liner high-pressure gas cylinder comprises the following steps: molding a plastic lining; forming a composite material layer: filling compressed gas into the plastic lining, and wrapping yarn sheets made of composite materials outside the plastic lining in a multi-layer winding and layering mode to form a composite material layer; the shaped composite layer comprises: calculating to obtain the radial backpressure generated by each layer of winding layer on the plastic lining according to the set winding parameters of each layer of winding layer, wherein the winding parameters comprise a winding angle, winding tension, yarn sheet width and the number of winding layers; adding the radial back pressures of all the winding layers to obtain the sum of the radial back pressures of all the winding layers to the plastic lining, and calculating the sum as the total winding radial back pressure; calculating the difference value of the total winding radial backpressure and the critical instability stress of the plastic liner to obtain a total inflation pressure guarantee value needing to inflate the interior of the plastic liner; comparing the total inflation pressure guarantee value with the limit deformation internal pressure of the plastic lining; when the total inflation pressure guarantee value is smaller than the limit deformation internal pressure, inflating the interior of the plastic lining to the total inflation pressure once, and wrapping all winding layers outside the plastic lining layer by layer, wherein the total inflation pressure is between the total inflation guarantee value and the limit deformation internal pressure; and when the total inflation pressure guarantee value is larger than or equal to the limit deformation internal pressure, inflating the plastic lining for multiple times, and wrapping the multilayer winding laying layer outside the plastic lining according to the pressure of the multiple-time inflation in stages.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has at least the following advantages and positive effects: according to the invention, after the winding parameters of the winding layer are set, the radial backpressure of the winding layer on the plastic lining is determined according to the winding parameters, and then the total winding radial backpressure, the critical instability stress and the limit deformation internal pressure of the plastic lining are compared, so that the total inflation pressure of the plastic lining and the inflation mode of the plastic lining can be determined, the plastic lining is prevented from deforming when the winding layer is set, and the quality requirement of a plastic lining high-pressure gas cylinder product is further ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a method for forming a body of a plastic-lined high-pressure gas cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the steps involved in forming the composite layer of FIG. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the plastic lined high pressure gas cylinder of fig. 1 during the wrapping of the sliver.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a mechanical analysis of the yarn sheet of fig. 3 applied pressure to the plastic liner.
The reference numerals are explained below: 5. a plastic liner; 51. a barrel section; 52. sealing the end; 6. a metal bottle mouth; 7. and (5) yarn sheets.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments that embody features and advantages of the invention are described in detail below in the specification. It is to be understood that the invention is capable of other embodiments and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention and the description and drawings are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and are not to be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
The invention provides a method for forming a bottle body of a plastic lining high-pressure gas bottle, which roughly comprises a plastic lining and a composite material layer wrapped outside the plastic lining, wherein metal bottle openings are usually arranged at two ends of the plastic lining and communicated with the outside. The plastic lined high pressure gas cylinder is used for storing high pressure gas such as hydrogen, natural gas, compressed air and the like. The plastic lining high-pressure gas cylinder has light self weight, so that the plastic lining high-pressure gas cylinder can have high storage density. The plastic lining high-pressure gas cylinder can be used as a vehicle-mounted cylinder and is mounted on a vehicle.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for forming a body of a plastic liner high-pressure gas cylinder, which mainly includes:
s10: and (5) forming a plastic lining. The plastic liner is made of a high-molecular thermoplastic material, such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE), nylon, or modified nylon (PA). The plastic liner may be formed by injection molding, blow molding, rotational molding, and the like.
S20: and forming the composite material layer. In the step, compressed gas is filled into the plastic lining, and the yarn sheet made of the composite material is wrapped outside the plastic lining in a multi-layer winding and layering mode to form a composite material layer. The composite material may be glass fiber, carbon fiber, etc. The yarn sheet is impregnated with resin, wound outside the plastic lining according to set winding parameters, and then formed into a composite material layer along with the curing of the resin, and combined with the plastic lining to form an integral structure. The resin may be an unsaturated resin, an epoxy resin, or the like.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic structure of the plastic lining high-pressure gas cylinder when winding the yarn sheet. As shown in fig. 3, the plastic liner 5 includes a cylindrical barrel section 51 and end sockets 52 at two ends of the barrel section 51, but it should be noted that the plastic liner 5 is an integrally formed structure, and the barrel section 51 and the end sockets 52 are merely divided according to the shape. The metal bottle mouth 6 is fixedly arranged in the center of the two sealing heads 52, and the structure of the metal bottle mouth 6 and the fixing mode of the metal bottle mouth 6 and the plastic lining 5 are not the focus of the invention and are not limited herein.
The yarn sheet 7 has a width b according to actual production conditions, and the yarn sheet 7 is wrapped outside the plastic inner liner 5 at a wrapping angle alpha under certain wrapping tension F. Under the same winding tension F and winding angle alpha, the single-layer yarn sheet 7 is wound on the periphery of the plastic lining 5 along the periphery of the plastic lining 5 for multiple times to form a layer of winding layer. In different winding layers, the winding angles alpha of the yarn sheets 7 can be the same or different, and the winding tensions F can be the same or different. In order to ensure the load bearing capacity, the multilayer winding layer usually has a plurality of winding angles alpha, and the winding tension F of different winding layers can be reasonably set according to the situation. The sequence of the winding and laying layers and the specific winding parameters of each layer of winding and laying layers can be set according to the process design calculation.
Referring to fig. 2, preferably, the molding of the composite material layer specifically includes:
s21: calculating to obtain the radial back pressure of each layer of winding layer on the plastic lining according to the set winding parameters of each layer of winding layer; these winding parameters include, among others, the winding angle α, the winding tension F, the width b of the yarn sheet 7 and the number of winding layers. The number of winding layers is the number of times of the above-mentioned overlapping winding of the single-layer yarn sheet 7 under the same winding tension F and winding angle α.
S22: and adding the radial back pressures to obtain the sum of the radial back pressures generated by all the winding layers on the plastic lining, and calculating the sum to be the total winding radial back pressure.
S23: and calculating the difference value of the total winding radial backpressure and the critical instability stress of the plastic lining to obtain a total inflation pressure guarantee value needing to inflate the interior of the plastic lining.
S24: comparing the total inflation pressure guarantee value with the limit deformation internal pressure of the plastic lining, and determining an inflation mode according to the comparison result; specifically, when the total inflation pressure guarantee value is smaller than the limit deformation internal pressure, the interior of the plastic lining is inflated to the total inflation pressure once, and then all winding layers are wrapped outside the plastic lining layer by layer, wherein the total inflation pressure is between the total inflation guarantee value and the limit deformation internal pressure; and when the total inflation pressure guarantee value is greater than or equal to the limit deformation internal pressure, inflating the plastic lining for multiple times, and wrapping the multilayer winding laying layer outside the plastic lining according to the pressure of the multiple-time inflation in stages.
According to the steps, after the winding parameters of the winding layer are set, the radial backpressure of the winding layer on the plastic lining is calculated and determined according to the winding parameters, the total winding radial backpressure, the critical instability stress and the limit deformation internal pressure of the plastic lining are compared, the total inflation pressure of the plastic lining and the inflation mode of the plastic lining can be determined, and therefore the plastic lining is prevented from deforming when the winding layer is set, and the quality requirement of a plastic lining high-pressure gas cylinder product is guaranteed.
Specifically, in step S21, the radial back pressure of the wound ply is calculated using the following formula, which for convenience is referred to as formula one:
in the formula, PrFor radial back pressure, F is the winding tension, α is the winding angle, b is the width of the yarn sheet 7, m is the number of winding layers of the yarn sheet 7, and R is the radius of the barrel section 51 of the plastic liner 5.
In conjunction with fig. 3 and 4, the above formula one can be derived by mechanical analysis. When the single-layer yarn sheet 7 is wrapped on the periphery of the plastic lining 5, the component force F × sin α of the winding tension F along the circumferential direction of the plastic lining 5 can generate a compressive stress on the surface of the plastic lining 5, and the compressive stress is a radial back pressure. According to the calculus, the radial back pressure generated by the single-layer yarn sheet 7 is equivalent to the pressure of the projection plane of the yarn sheet 7 on the axial plane in the plastic lining 5, namely (2 xF x sin alpha)/(2R x b/sin alpha), wherein the component force of the winding tension along the circumferential direction of the plastic lining 5 acts on the yarn sheet 7. Since the thickness of the thread 7 is much smaller than the radius R of the barrel section 51 of the plastic liner 5, the thickness caused by the winding of the thread 7 is ignored by the above formulaDegree increment, directly applying radial back pressure P of the wound layerrThe calculation is the sum of the radial back pressures generated by the m layers of yarn sheets 7, and the calculation is simpler and more convenient.
According to the above step S22, the radial back pressure of each wound layer is directly added to obtain the total wound radial back pressure, also ignoring the thickness of the wound layer. Accordingly, the total winding radial back pressure is calculated by the following formula two:
in the formula, Pr totalFor total winding radial back pressure, αiWinding angle of i-th winding layer, FiWinding tension of the i-th winding lay-up, biWidth of the sliver of the i-th layer wound with the ply, miThe number of winding layers of the yarn sheet of the ith winding layer is the number of winding layers, R is the radius of the barrel section of the plastic lining, and n is the total number of winding layers.
In determining the total winding radial back pressure Pr totalThen, the total inflation pressure guarantee value is obtained according to the above step S23. Critical destabilizing stress of the plastic liner is expressed by PcrExpressed as P, the total inflation pressure guarantee valueGeneral chargerExpressed by the following formula three, the total inflation pressure guarantee value can be obtained by calculation: pGeneral charger＝Pr total-Pcr。
Wherein the critical destabilizing stress P of the plastic linercrRefers to the maximum external pressure applied from the outside of the plastic liner resulting in destabilizing deformation of the plastic liner. The critical buckling stress is determined based on the material properties of the plastic liner and the dimensions of the plastic liner.
If total winding radial back pressure Pr totalGreater than the critical buckling stress PcrAnd then, the plastic lining is deformed due to the arrangement of the winding layer, and the plastic lining is required to be inflated to improve the rigidity of the plastic lining and ensure that the plastic lining is not deformed in the winding process. And the total inflation pressure for inflating the plastic liner should be no less than the total wrap radial back pressure Pr totalDifference from critical buckling stress, i.e. PGeneral chargerTo ensure inThe plastic liner does not deform after all of the wound plies are wound.
Preferably, the critical buckling stress is calculated using the following formula four:
in the formula, PcrFor critical buckling stress, E is the tensile modulus of the material of the plastic liner, t is the thickness of the plastic liner, L is the length of the barrel section of the plastic liner, and D is the diameter of the barrel section of the plastic liner.
The above formula is a simplified missles instability formula with a short cylinder structure. In the embodiment, the plastic lining high-pressure gas cylinder is preferably regarded as a short cylinder structure, the reinforcing effect of the sealing heads at the two ends of the plastic lining on the cylinder body section is considered, the above formula is adopted to calculate the critical instability stress, the calculation method is simplified, and more importantly, the critical instability stress calculated by the formula is more consistent with the stress characteristic of the structures of most of the plastic lining high-pressure gas cylinders. Therefore, the critical instability stress calculated by the formula is used as a reference value for calculating the inflation pressure of the plastic lining, so that the inflation pressure obtained by final calculation is more accurate, the plastic lining instability caused by winding and laying layers during winding is prevented, and the reliability of the product quality of the plastic lining high-pressure gas cylinder is improved.
Whether the plastic lining high-pressure gas cylinder is in a short cylinder structure or not can be verified by respectively calculating the critical length and the effective length of the cylinder body section of the plastic lining 5 based on the relevant parameters of the plastic lining 5 shown in fig. 3 and comparing the critical length and the effective length. The calculation method is as the following formula five:
in the formula: l iscrIs a critical length, LuIs the effective length of the barrel section 51, h is the height of the seal head 52, D is the diameter of the barrel section 51, L is the length of the barrel section 51, and t is the thickness of the plastic liner 5.
If L iscr＞LuThe plastic lining high-pressure gas cylinder is a short cylinder structure.
Based on the above-described step S24, the value P is ensured by comparing the total inflation pressureGeneral chargerAnd determining the inflation mode according to the comparison result with the limit deformation internal pressure of the plastic lining, namely determining whether the plastic lining needs to be inflated once or for multiple times.
The plastic lining is made of plastic materials, so that the strength is low, the pressure in the plastic lining can expand and deform outwards to form strain, and the deformation of the plastic lining is preferably controlled within a certain degree to ensure the performance of the product. The ultimate deformation internal pressure of the plastic liner refers to the maximum pressure at which the plastic liner deforms beyond a set strain threshold due to the pressure inside the plastic liner. The ultimate deformation internal pressure is determined by the material properties of the plastic liner and the dimensions of the plastic liner.
Preferably, the ultimate deformation internal pressure is calculated by the following formula six:
in the formula, PbFor extreme deformation internal pressure, t is the thickness of the plastic liner, D is the diameter of the barrel section of the plastic liner, σbIs the tensile strength of the material of the plastic liner at a set strain threshold. In some embodiments, it is preferable to set the strain threshold not to exceed 1%, i.e. to control the plastic liner to have less deformation, so as to improve the quality of the product.
The formula six mainly considers the hoop stress of the barrel body section of the plastic lining, and based on the product structure characteristics of the plastic lining, the hoop stress is twice of the radial stress, namely the hoop deformation is easier to generate when the internal pressure is overlarge, so the limit deformation internal pressure P calculated according to the formula sixbCan characterize in plasticsThe characteristic of the liner that deforms in effect under internal pressure.
Before the yarn sheet is wound, the pressure in the plastic liner, namely the initial inflation pressure is less than the limit deformation internal pressure PbSo as to avoid the plastic lining from deforming beyond the set range caused by inflation.
It is particularly noted that the initial inflation pressure is less than the deformation limit internal pressure PbAccordingly, the initial inflation pressure will cause the material tensile strain of the plastic liner to be less than the set strain threshold. For example, when the diameter D of the barrel section of the plastic liner is 500mm, the initial inflation pressure can be controlled to control the outward expansion deformation of the barrel section of the plastic liner to be not more than 5mm at the strain threshold set herein of not more than 1%.
The tensile yield strain threshold of the material of the plastic lining is usually 4% -5%, and the strain threshold is set to be not more than 1% in the scheme, which is far less than the tensile yield strain threshold of the material of the plastic lining, compared with the problem that the deformation of the plastic lining is controlled according to the tensile yield strain threshold of 4% -5%, the deformation is larger, and the product quality defect is caused, the strain threshold is set to be not more than 1%, so that the plastic lining can be controlled to have quite small deformation, and the quality of the high-pressure gas cylinder product with the plastic lining is ensured.
If the total inflation pressure guarantee value P is obtained by the calculation of the formula IIIGeneral chargerLess than the limit deformation internal pressure PbThat is, the inner part of the plastic liner is inflated to the total inflation pressure guarantee value P at one timeGeneral chargerThe plastic lining can not deform too much, so that the interior of the plastic lining can be inflated to the total inflation pressure once under the condition, wherein the total inflation pressure is greater than or equal to the total inflation pressure guaranteed value, then all the winding layers are wrapped outside the plastic lining layer by layer in sequence, and the plastic lining does not need to be inflated again in the winding process. It will be appreciated that since the total inflation pressure at this time corresponds to the initial inflation pressure, the total inflation pressure should also be less than the extreme deformation internal pressure Pb. Namely: when the total inflation pressure is guaranteed to be PGeneral chargerLess than the limit deformation internal pressure PbIn the plasticThe actual total inflation pressure of the liner may be between the total inflation pressure assurance value PGeneral chargerAnd the internal pressure P of ultimate deformationbTaking values in between.
In another case, if the total inflation pressure guarantees a value PGeneral chargerGreater than or equal to the limit deformation internal pressure PbBecause the initial inflation pressure of the plastic liner is less than the limit deformation internal pressure PbCorrespondingly, the initial inflation pressure cannot meet the requirement of the whole winding process, and the inflation needs to be carried out in stages, and meanwhile, the winding and layering arrangement is carried out in stages.
In this case, one or more layers of wound plies may be wound after a single inflation, and the next inflation may be carried out in due time to changes in the radial back pressure on the plastic liner due to the superposition of the wound plies. The process can be understood as follows: firstly, the interior of the plastic lining is inflated for the first time to be the initial inflation pressure, the winding arrangement of a plurality of layers of winding layers is carried out, then the secondary inflation is carried out, and then the winding arrangement of a plurality of layers of winding layers is carried out. If necessary, the work of inflating and setting winding layers can be alternately carried out according to actual conditions until the final inflation is not less than the total inflation pressure guarantee value PGeneral chargerAnd completing the winding and wrapping of all the wound layers.
Preferably, at a total inflation pressure assurance value PGeneral chargerGreater than or equal to the limit deformation internal pressure PbAnd during the process, the radial back pressure of each layer of winding and laying layer is added and calculated layer by layer to obtain the layered winding back pressure generated on the plastic lining when each layer of winding and laying layer is sequentially wound. When winding each layer of winding and laying layers, the inflated pressure in the plastic lining is larger than the corresponding layered winding back pressure and critical instability stress PcrThe difference of (a).
The layered winding back pressure and the critical instability stress P are combinedcrIs defined as a charging pressure guarantee value, which is calculated using the following formula seven:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
for the inflation pressure guarantee value alpha when winding the chi-layer winding layeriWinding angle of i-th winding layer, FiWinding tension of the i-th winding lay-up, biWidth of the sliver of the i-th layer wound with the ply, miThe number of winding layers of the yarn sheet of the i-th winding layer is R is the radius of the barrel section of the plastic lining, PcrIs the critical destabilizing stress.
The formula two and the formula three are combined and compared with the formula seven, and actually, when x is the total number n of the winding layers, the formula seven is calculated to obtain
In fact, is also the total inflation pressure guarantee value.
When in use
By "time" is meant that the plastic liner may not be inflated while wrapping the chi-layer.
When in use
When the pressure inside the plastic liner is inflated before the chi-shaped layer is wound is higher than the pressure inside the plastic liner
Wherein the pressure inside the plastic liner before winding the chi layer can be higher than the guaranteed value of the inflation pressure
The pressure of the compressed gas source, the control accuracy of the gas filling equipment and other factors can be considered to set the pressure.
Preferably, when the plastic liner is inflated in multiple times, the inner part of the plastic liner is inflated in each timeThe air pressure is less than the layered winding back pressure and the limit deformation inner pressure P corresponding to the wound winding layerbAnd (4) summing. Under this condition, the inflation pressure does not cause excessive deformation of the plastic liner, reducing the effect on the wrapped ply.
However, because the winding layer is made of composite materials such as carbon fiber, glass fiber and the like, the material of the winding layer has high strength, and the winding layer wound on the plastic lining can generate large rigidity reinforcing effect on the plastic lining. Therefore, when the plastic inner liner is inflated after the winding and laying layer is wound, even if the inflation pressure is high, the plastic inner liner cannot be seriously deformed. Theoretically, when it is desired to inflate a plastic liner several times, the initial inflation pressure is less than the maximum deformation internal pressure P in addition tobIn addition, the upper limit value of the actual inflation pressure from the second inflation may not be limited.
In practical application, the inflation pressure guarantee values of the winding layers of each layer can be calculated according to the set sequence of the winding layers to be listed, and then the inflation pressure guarantee values are combined with the limit deformation internal pressure PbAnd critical buckling stress PcrTo select the inflation pressure and the inflation time.
The following description is made with reference to a specific example.
A plastic lining high-pressure gas cylinder produced by a certain company is formed by blow molding of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and a composite material layer is made of carbon fiber and epoxy resin.
The dimensional parameters of the plastic liner and the relevant properties of the material thereof are shown in table 1, and the winding and laying sequence and winding parameters of the composite material layer are shown in table 2.
Table 1: the dimensional parameters of the plastic liner and the relevant property parameters of its material.
| Item | Parameter symbol | Data of | Unit of |
| Diameter of barrel section | D | 540 | mm |
| Thickness of plastic lining | t | 6.5 | mm |
| Length of barrel section | L | 1775 | mm |
| Height of seal head | h | 165 | mm |
| Tensile modulus | E | 920 | MPa |
| Tensile Strength at 1% Strain | σb | 8 | MPa |
Table 2: winding and layering sequence and winding parameters.
Based on the relevant parameters in tables 1 and 2, the critical buckling stress and the ultimate deformation internal pressure of the plastic liner can be calculated and determined, and the composite material layer can be formed after the inflation mode and the inflation pressure are determined according to the step S20 in the method.
The first step is as follows: and calculating the critical instability stress of the plastic lining.
Substituting the relevant data in table 1 into equation five verifies the structural form of the plastic liner.
The calculation result shows that Lcr＞LuThus, the critical buckling stress can be calculated using equation four, as follows:
the second step is that: and calculating the limit deformation internal pressure of the plastic lining.
Substituting the relevant data in table 1 into equation six gives the ultimate deformation internal pressure as follows:
the third step: the calculation of the radial back pressure and the total winding radial back pressure is performed with reference to steps S21 and S22 of the aforementioned molding method.
The radial back pressure of each layer of winding layer on the plastic lining is calculated by the formula I according to the relevant data of the tables 1 and 2. The calculated radial back pressure of each wound ply is shown in table 3 below, based on the winding parameters of table 2 above.
Table 3: winding and layering sequence, winding parameters and corresponding radial back pressure.
The total winding radial back pressure P is obtained according to the data of the table 3 or through the calculation of a formula IIr total＝0.352978MPa。
The fourth step: and (4) calculating the inflation pressure.
1. Initial inflation pressure P of the plastic liner prior to windingFirst stage＜Pb＝0.1926MPa。
2. The total inflation pressure securing value is calculated according to step S23 as follows:
Pgeneral charger＝Pr total-Pcr＝0.352978MPa-0.0115234MPa＝0.3414546MPa。
Due to PGeneral charger＞PbIt is stated that the plastic liner needs to be inflated several times.
3. And calculating the inflation pressure guarantee value of each layer of winding and laying layers through a formula seven, combining the inflation pressure guarantee value of each layer with a table 3 and listing the inflation pressure guarantee value and the table 4, wherein the data of the radial back pressure is rounded to four digits after the decimal point is reserved, and the data of the inflation pressure guarantee value is rounded to three digits after the decimal point is reserved.
Table 4: and the winding and layering sequence, the winding parameters and corresponding radial backpressure and inflation pressure guarantee values.
The fifth step: determining the inflation time and inflation pressure, and setting the winding and laying in a matching manner.
Based on the principle, when the layers are wound and layered, the inflated pressure inside the plastic lining is larger than the corresponding inflation pressure guarantee value. When the plastic lining is inflated in a divided manner, the inflation pressure of the inner part of the plastic lining is preferably smaller than the layered winding back pressure and the limit deformation internal pressure P corresponding to the wound winding layerbAnd (4) summing.
The inflation pressure guaranteed value in combination with table 4 can be known, the plastic lining can be inflated or not inflated before the first layer of winding layer is wound, if inflation is carried out, because the winding layer is not arranged yet at the moment, the layered winding back pressure corresponding to the wound winding layer is 0, and the inflation pressure is smaller than the limit deformation internal pressure Pb0.1926 MPa.
The plastic liner must be inflated before the second layer of wound laminate is wound, and the pressure inflated inside the plastic liner before the second layer of wound laminate is wound should be more than 0.020MPa, and the pressure is preferably less than the radial back pressure of 0.0016MPa and the ultimate deformation internal pressure P of the wound first layer of wound laminateb0.1926MPa, namely less than 0.1942 MPa.
Before winding the third layer of winding layer, the layered winding back pressure corresponding to the wound winding layer is the sum of the radial back pressure of the first layer of winding layer and the radial back pressure of the second layer of winding layer, at this time, the inflated pressure in the plastic lining should be greater than 0.044MPa, and simultaneously, the inflated pressure is preferably smaller than the layered winding back pressure and the limited deformation internal pressure P at this timebThe sum, i.e., 0.0016+0.0301+0.1926 is 0.2243 MPa.
And analogizing in sequence, before each layer of winding and laying layer is wound, the inflated pressure in the plastic lining is made to be larger than the corresponding inflation pressure guarantee value of the layer.
When the inflation time is determined, the inflation can be flexibly set according to the actual equipment condition and the process requirement, the pressure inside the plastic lining can be adjusted by inflating each layer of wound paving layer, or the next inflation can be performed after the next inflation is performed after the multiple layers of wound paving layers are wound after the first inflation.
For example, in the above example, three inflations may be used.
For the first time, the winding is performed once before inflation, the inflation pressure is 0.12MPa, and the pressure is less than the limit deformation internal pressure PbAnd meanwhile, the inflation pressure guarantee value is larger than that of the front 4 layers of winding layers, so that the front 4 layers of winding layers can be wound layer by layer after the first inflation.
Secondly, inflating after the 4 th winding layer is wound, wherein the layered winding back pressure and the limit deformation internal pressure P corresponding to the wound winding layer at the momentbThe sum of the radial back pressure of the front 4 layers of winding layers and the upper limit deformation internal pressure PbNamely 0.0016+0.0301+0.0242+0.0655+0.1926 is 0.314MPa, the inflation pressure of the current time is 0.25MPa and is smaller than 0.314MPa, and meanwhile, the inflation pressure is larger than the inflation pressure guarantee value of the 8 th winding layer and is smaller than the inflation pressure guarantee value of the 9 th winding layer, and then the current time of inflation can be wound layer by layer until the 8 th winding layer is completed.
Thirdly, inflating after the 8 th winding layer is wound, wherein the layered winding back pressure and the limit deformation internal pressure P corresponding to the wound winding layer at the momentbThe sum is the sum of the radial back pressure of the front 8 layers of winding and laying layers and the upper limit deformation internal pressure Pb0.4156MPa from the data in the table, the third inflation pressure is taken to be 0.35MPa, less than 0.4156MPa, which is greater than the total inflation pressure assurance value PGeneral chargerAnd after the inflation, winding of all wound layers can be completed.
While the present invention has been described with reference to several exemplary embodiments, it is understood that the terminology used is intended to be in the nature of words of description and illustration, rather than of limitation. As the present invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, it should also be understood that the above-described embodiments are not limited by any of the details of the foregoing description, but rather should be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as defined in the appended claims, and therefore all changes and modifications that fall within the meets and bounds of the claims, or equivalences of such meets and bounds are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for forming a body of a plastic liner high-pressure gas cylinder comprises the following steps:
molding a plastic lining;
forming a composite material layer: filling compressed gas into the plastic lining, and wrapping yarn sheets made of composite materials outside the plastic lining in a multi-layer winding and layering mode to form a composite material layer;
characterized in that the profiled composite layer comprises:
calculating to obtain the radial backpressure generated by each layer of winding layer on the plastic lining according to the set winding parameters of each layer of winding layer, wherein the winding parameters comprise a winding angle, winding tension, yarn sheet width and the number of winding layers;
adding the radial back pressures of all the winding layers to obtain the sum of the radial back pressures of all the winding layers to the plastic lining, and calculating the sum as the total winding radial back pressure;
calculating the difference value of the total winding radial backpressure and the critical instability stress of the plastic liner to obtain a total inflation pressure guarantee value needing to inflate the interior of the plastic liner;
comparing the total inflation pressure guarantee value with the limit deformation internal pressure of the plastic lining; when the total inflation pressure guarantee value is smaller than the limit deformation internal pressure, inflating the interior of the plastic lining to the total inflation pressure once, and wrapping all winding layers outside the plastic lining layer by layer, wherein the total inflation pressure is between the total inflation guarantee value and the limit deformation internal pressure; and when the total inflation pressure guarantee value is larger than or equal to the limit deformation internal pressure, inflating the plastic lining for multiple times, and wrapping the multilayer winding laying layer outside the plastic lining according to the pressure of the multiple-time inflation in stages.
2. The molding method according to claim 1, wherein the radial back pressure is calculated using the following formula:
in the formula, PrThe radial back pressure is shown, F is winding tension, alpha is winding angle, b is yarn sheet width, m is the number of winding layers of the yarn sheet, and R is the radius of the cylinder section of the plastic lining.
3. The molding process according to claim 2, wherein the total winding radial back pressure is calculated using the following formula:
in the formula, Pr totalFor total winding radial back pressure, αiWinding angle of i-th winding layer, FiWinding tension of the i-th winding lay-up, biWidth of the sliver of the i-th layer wound with the ply, miThe number of winding layers of the yarn sheet of the ith winding layer is the number of winding layers, R is the radius of the barrel section of the plastic lining, and n is the total number of winding layers.
4. The molding process of claim 1 wherein said critical buckling stress and said extreme deformation internal pressure are determined by material properties of said plastic liner and dimensions of said plastic liner.
5. The molding method according to claim 4, wherein the critical buckling stress is calculated using the following formula:
in the formula, PcrFor critical buckling stress, E is the tensile modulus of the material of the plastic liner, t is the thickness of the plastic liner, L is the length of the barrel section of the plastic liner, and D is the diameter of the barrel section of the plastic liner.
6. The molding method according to claim 4, wherein the limit deformation internal pressure is calculated using the following formula:
in the formula, PbFor extreme deformation internal pressure, t is the thickness of the plastic liner, D is the diameter of the barrel section of the plastic liner, σbIs the tensile strength of the material of the plastic liner at a set strain threshold.
7. The molding process according to claim 6, wherein the strain threshold does not exceed 1%.
8. The molding method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein when the total inflation pressure guarantee value is greater than or equal to the limit deformation internal pressure, the radial back pressure of each layer of winding layer is further added layer by layer to obtain the layered winding back pressure generated on the plastic lining when each layer of winding layer is sequentially wound;
when winding each layer of winding and laying layers, the inflated pressure in the plastic lining is larger than the difference between the corresponding layered winding back pressure and the critical instability stress.
9. The molding method according to claim 8, wherein a difference value between the stratified winding back pressure and the critical buckling stress is defined as an inflation pressure securing value, which is calculated using the following formula:
in the formula, PFill chiFor the inflation pressure guarantee value alpha when winding the chi-layer winding layeriWinding angle of i-th winding layer, FiWinding tension of the i-th winding lay-up, biWinding for the ith layerWidth of the layered yarn sheet, miThe number of winding layers of the yarn sheet which is the i-th winding layer, R is the radius of the barrel section of the plastic lining, PcrIs the critical destabilizing stress.
10. The molding method according to claim 8, wherein when the plastic liner is inflated in several times, the inflation pressure in each time for the interior of the plastic liner is smaller than the sum of the back pressure of the layered winding corresponding to the wound layer and the internal pressure of the ultimate deformation.
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