CN114248403A - Die and forming method - Google Patents
Die and forming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114248403A CN114248403A CN202111550287.1A CN202111550287A CN114248403A CN 114248403 A CN114248403 A CN 114248403A CN 202111550287 A CN202111550287 A CN 202111550287A CN 114248403 A CN114248403 A CN 114248403A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010137 moulding (plastic) Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/26—Moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/26—Moulds
- B29C45/2602—Mould construction elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/26—Moulds
- B29C45/33—Moulds having transversely, e.g. radially, movable mould parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/26—Moulds
- B29C45/33—Moulds having transversely, e.g. radially, movable mould parts
- B29C45/332—Mountings or guides therefor; Drives therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/40—Removing or ejecting moulded articles
- B29C45/4005—Ejector constructions; Ejector operating mechanisms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/40—Removing or ejecting moulded articles
- B29C45/44—Removing or ejecting moulded articles for undercut articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2015/00—Gear wheels or similar articles with grooves or projections, e.g. control knobs
- B29L2015/003—Gears
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a mold and a molding method, and relates to the technical field of injection molding.A cavity structure of an upper helical gear is rotationally connected with a fixed template, a cavity structure of a lower helical gear is rotationally connected with a movable template, and a first pushing structure is used for pushing out a molded duplex helical gear; the lower cavity structure of the monocline gear is rotationally connected with the movable template, and the second pushing structure is used for pushing out the formed monocline gear. According to the invention, the first die opening surface, the second die opening surface, the third die opening surface and the fourth die opening surface are opened one by one, the upper helical gear cavity structure and the lower helical gear cavity structure are driven to rotate by virtue of the formed duplex helical gear, the lower helical gear cavity structure of the single helical gear is driven to rotate by virtue of the movement of the formed single helical gear, and the purpose of demoulding the duplex helical gear and the single helical gear is achieved under the action of the first material pushing structure and the second material pushing structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of injection molding, in particular to a mold and a molding method.
Background
In plastic molding machines, injection molding dies are an important piece of molding equipment. The automatic injection molding production of the plastic part is smoothly carried out without the innovative design of a mold structure and a demolding mechanism in an injection molding mold. In the molding of the precise helical gear plastic part, the molding difficulty of the single helical gear plastic part is demolding of helical teeth of the helical gear plastic part, and the demolding is generally performed by using a self-lubricating rotary core-pulling mode of a helical tooth molded part; for the double-linkage helical gear plastic part with the double-layer incongruous helical gear, the demoulding of the double-layer incongruous helical gear on the double-layer incongruous helical gear is difficult to solve the demoulding problem of the double helical gear of the plastic part by adopting the conventional helical gear demoulding method, and a new method needs to be found from the aspects of mould cavity structure design, helical gear demoulding mode and mould integral structure design to solve the problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a die and a forming method, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art and realizing the demoulding of a duplex bevel gear and a single bevel gear.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a die which comprises a fixed die plate, a movable die plate, a duplex helical gear forming structure and a single helical gear forming structure, wherein the single helical gear forming structure is arranged on one side of the duplex helical gear forming structure;
the double helical gear forming structure comprises an upper helical gear cavity structure, a lower helical gear cavity structure and a first material pushing structure, wherein the upper helical gear cavity structure is positioned above the lower helical gear cavity structure, the upper helical gear cavity structure is rotationally connected with the fixed template, the lower helical gear cavity structure is rotationally connected with the movable template, the upper helical gear cavity structure comprises a first cavity for forming an upper helical gear of the double helical gear, the lower helical gear cavity structure comprises a second cavity for forming a lower helical gear of the double helical gear, the first cavity is communicated with the second cavity, the upper end face of the first material pushing structure and the lower end face of the second cavity are positioned on the same plane, and the first material pushing structure is used for pushing out the formed double helical gear;
the bevel pinion forming structure comprises a bevel pinion upper cavity structure, a bevel pinion lower cavity structure and a second material pushing structure, the bevel pinion upper cavity structure is located above the bevel pinion lower cavity structure, the bevel pinion lower cavity structure is rotationally connected with the movable mould plate, the bevel pinion upper cavity structure and the bevel pinion lower cavity structure form a bevel pinion cavity for forming a bevel pinion, the upper end face of the second material pushing structure and the lower end face of the bevel pinion cavity are located on the same plane, and the second material pushing structure is used for pushing out the bevel pinion after forming.
Preferably, the mold further includes a runner plate, the runner plate is disposed above the fixed mold plate, when the runner plate is attached to the fixed mold plate, a third mold opening surface is formed between a lower surface of the runner plate and an upper surface of the fixed mold plate, a main gate, a first main runner and a second main runner are disposed in the runner plate, the main gate is respectively communicated with one end of the first main runner and one end of the second main runner, the other end of the first main runner is communicated with the first cavity through at least one first sub-runner, a point gate at a lower end of each first sub-runner and an upper surface of the first cavity are located on the same plane, each first sub-runner is disposed in a runner insert, an upper end of the runner insert is connected to the runner plate, a lower end of the runner insert extends into the upper bevel gear cavity structure, and the other end of the second main runner is communicated with the monoclinic gear cavity through at least one second sub-runner, and the point gates at the lower ends of the second branch runners and the upper surface of the single helical gear cavity are positioned on the same plane.
Preferably, the mold further comprises a top plate, a scraper plate and a gate flange; the top plate is arranged above the scraping plate, and when the top plate is attached to the scraping plate, a second die opening surface is formed between the lower surface of the top plate and the upper surface of the scraping plate; the scraping plate is arranged above the runner plate, and when the scraping plate is attached to the runner plate, the lower surface of the scraping plate and the upper surface of the runner plate form a first die opening surface; the upper end of the sprue flange is connected with the top plate, the lower end of the sprue flange is communicated with the main sprue, the sprue flange is connected with the upper ends of a plurality of material pulling rods, and the lower end of each material pulling rod extends into the first branch flow channel and the second branch flow channel respectively.
Preferably, the mold further comprises a push plate, the push plate is arranged below the movable mold plate, the first pushing structure comprises a first push pipe, before the molded duplex helical gear is pushed out, the upper end face of the first push pipe and the lower end face of the second cavity are located on the same plane, and when the molded duplex helical gear is pushed out, the push plate pushes the lower end of the first push pipe, so that the molded duplex helical gear is pushed out.
Preferably, the mold further comprises a base, the base is arranged below the push plate, a first core is arranged on the inner side of the first push pipe, the first core is used for forming a central hole of a duplex helical gear, the lower end of the first core is connected with the base, and the upper end of the first core is in contact with the lower end of the runner insert.
Preferably, the second pushing structure comprises a second pushing pipe, before the molded monoclinic gear is pushed out, the upper end surface of the second pushing pipe and the lower end surface of the cavity of the monoclinic gear are positioned on the same plane, and when the molded monoclinic gear is pushed out, the pushing plate pushes the lower end of the second pushing pipe, so that the molded monoclinic gear is pushed out.
Preferably, a second core is arranged on the inner side of the second push pipe, the second core is used for forming a central hole of the single bevel gear, the lower end of the second core is connected with the base, and the upper end of the second core is in contact with the lower end of the lower cavity structure of the single bevel gear.
Preferably, the mould further comprises a base plate and a limiting block, the base plate is located below the movable mould plate, the limiting block is arranged on the push plate, and when the push plate does not push the first push pipe and the second push pipe, a distance exists between the limiting block and the base plate.
The invention also provides a molding method adopting the mold, which comprises the following steps:
s1: pouring into the first cavity, the second cavity and the single shoe gear cavity;
s2: opening the first die opening surface, separating the runner waste in the first sub-runner from the formed duplex helical gear by the material pulling rod, and simultaneously separating the runner waste in the second sub-runner from the formed monoclinic gear by the material pulling rod;
s3: the second die opening surface is opened, and the waste materials of all the flow channels are pushed out from the corresponding material pulling rods by the scraping plates to be demolded;
s4: the third open die surface is opened, and the runner plate extracts the runner insert from the upper bevel gear cavity structure;
s5: a fourth die surface formed by the lower surface of the fixed die plate and the upper surface of the movable die plate is opened, the formed duplex bevel gear follows the movable die plate to move downwards, and the bevel teeth of the upper bevel gear drive the upper bevel gear die cavity structure to rotate, so that the upper bevel gear is separated from the upper bevel gear die cavity structure, and meanwhile, the upper die cavity structure of the single bevel gear is separated from the upper end surface of the formed single bevel gear;
s6: first pushing equipment and second pushing equipment move upward in step, first pushing equipment promotes the pair helical gear after the shaping to move upward, helical tooth drive down helical gear type cavity structure and the rotation of down helical gear for down the helical gear with down helical gear type cavity structure separation, simultaneously, second pushing equipment promotes the monoclinic gear after the shaping to move upward, and the helical tooth drive monoclinic gear type cavity structure and the rotation of monoclinic gear after the shaping make the monoclinic gear with monoclinic gear type cavity structure separation down.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
according to the invention, the first die opening surface, the second die opening surface, the third die opening surface and the fourth die opening surface are opened one by one, the molded duplex bevel gear drives the upper bevel gear cavity structure and the lower bevel gear cavity structure to rotate, the molded monocline gear moves to drive the lower bevel gear cavity structure to rotate, and the purpose of demolding the duplex bevel gear and the monocline gear is achieved under the action of the first material pushing structure and the second material pushing structure.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a duplex helical gear;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a single bevel gear;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the mold of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a dual helical gear forming structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an assembly view of a duplex helical gear forming structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a single bevel gear forming structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an assembled view of a single helical gear forming structure of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the scraper plate tie rod, the fixed die plate tie rod, the runner plate tie rod and the resin button according to the present invention;
wherein: 100-mold, 1-fixed mold plate, 2-movable mold plate, 3-upper bevel gear cavity structure, 4-lower bevel gear cavity structure, 5-single bevel gear upper cavity structure, 6-single bevel gear lower cavity structure, 7-bearing, 8-duplex bevel gear, 9-upper bevel gear, 10-lower bevel gear, 11-single bevel gear, 12-runner plate, 13-main gate, 16-first runner, 17-runner insert, 18-second runner, 19-top plate, 20-scraper plate, 21-runner flange, 22-push plate, 23-first push pipe, 24-base, 25-first core, 26-second push pipe, 27-second core, 28-backing plate, 29-press plate, 30-pulling rod, 33-a limiting block, 34-a lower cover plate, 35-a scraper plate pull rod, 36-a fixed template pull rod, 37-a resin buckle, 38-a runner plate pull rod, 39-a mold frame guide post, F1-a first parting surface, F2-a second parting surface, K1-a first mold opening surface, K2-a second mold opening surface, K3-a third mold opening surface, K4-a fourth mold opening surface, T1-a first frustum, Z1-a second frustum, Z2-a third frustum, T2-a fourth frustum and Z3-a fifth frustum.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a die and a forming method, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art and realizing the demoulding of a duplex bevel gear and a single bevel gear.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the duplex helical gear 8 comprises an upper helical gear 9 and a lower helical gear 10, the direction of the teeth of the upper helical gear 9 is different from the direction of the teeth of the lower helical gear 10, fig. 2 shows a single helical gear 11, the upper helical gear 9 is in meshing transmission with the single helical gear 11, and a one-die two-cavity spot-gate multi-plate-die injection die is designed by taking the die cavity design of the two plastic parts of the duplex helical gear 8 and the single helical gear 11 as the center according to the requirement of the same-die injection molding of the two plastic parts of the duplex helical gear 8 and the single helical gear 11. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1-11: the embodiment provides a mold 100, which comprises a fixed mold plate 1, a movable mold plate 2, a duplex helical gear molding structure and a single helical gear molding structure, wherein the single helical gear molding structure is arranged on one side of the duplex helical gear molding structure;
the duplex helical gear forming structure comprises an upper helical gear cavity structure 3, a lower helical gear cavity structure 4 and a first material pushing structure, wherein the upper helical gear cavity structure 3 is positioned above the lower helical gear cavity structure 4, the upper helical gear cavity structure 3 is rotatably connected with a fixed template 1 through a bearing 7, the bearing 7 at the outer side of the upper helical gear cavity structure 3 is positioned through a pressing plate 29, the pressing plate 29 is connected with the fixed template 1 through a bolt, the lower helical gear cavity structure 4 is rotatably connected with a movable template 2 through the bearing 7, the upper helical gear cavity structure 3 comprises a first cavity for forming an upper helical gear 9 of the duplex helical gear 8, the lower helical gear cavity structure 4 comprises a second cavity for forming a lower helical gear 10 of the duplex helical gear 8, the first cavity is communicated with the second cavity and coaxially arranged, the upper end face of the first material pushing structure and the lower end face of the second cavity are positioned on the same plane, the first material pushing structure is used for pushing out the molded duplex helical gear 8;
the upper die cavity structure 5 of the monocline gear is located above the lower die cavity structure 6 of the monocline gear, the lower die cavity structure 6 of the monocline gear is rotatably connected with the movable die plate 2 through a bearing 7, the upper die cavity structure 5 of the monocline gear and the lower die cavity structure 6 of the monocline gear form a monocline gear die cavity for forming the monocline gear 11, the lower end face of the upper die cavity structure 5 of the monocline gear is used for forming the upper end face of the monocline gear 11, the upper end face of the second material pushing structure and the lower end face of the die cavity of the monocline gear are located on the same plane, and the second material pushing structure is used for pushing out the formed monocline gear 11.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the fixed die plate 1 and the movable die plate 2 are connected through the resin buckle 37, the lower end of the resin buckle 37 is fixedly connected with the movable die plate 2, when the movable die plate 2 and the fixed die plate 1 are not separated, the upper end of the resin buckle 37 extends into the hole of the fixed die plate 1 and is connected with the fixed die plate 1 by using friction force, and when the movable die plate 2 moves downward, the downward pulling force is greater than the friction force between the resin buckle 37 and the fixed die plate 1, so that the movable die plate 2 and the fixed die plate 1 are separated, that is, the fourth die surface K4 is opened.
In this embodiment, the mold 100 further includes a runner plate 12, the runner plate 12 is disposed above the fixed mold plate 1, the runner plate 12 is connected to the fixed mold plate 1 through a fixed mold plate pull rod 36, when the runner plate 12 is not separated from and attached to the fixed mold plate 1, a third mold opening surface K3 is formed on the lower surface of the runner plate 12 and the upper surface of the fixed mold plate 1, specifically, the upper end of the fixed mold plate pull rod 36 is fixedly connected to the runner plate 12, when the runner plate 12 is not separated from the fixed mold plate 1, a distance exists between a protrusion at the lower end of the fixed mold plate pull rod 36 and a step of the fixed mold plate 1, when the fixed mold plate 1 descends to separate the runner plate 12 from the fixed mold plate 1, that is, when the third mold opening surface K3 is opened, the protrusion at the lower end of the fixed mold plate pull rod 36 contacts the step of the fixed mold plate 1 to restrict the fixed mold plate 1 from continuing to descend, a main gate 13, a first main runner and a second main runner are disposed in the runner plate 12, respectively communicate with one end of the first main runner and one end of the second main runner, the other end of the first main runner is communicated with the first cavity through at least one first branch runner 16, preferably three first branch runners 16 in this embodiment, a gate at the lower end of each first branch runner 16 is located on the same plane as the upper surface of the first cavity, the first cavity and the second cavity are poured by using three gates, so that the shrinkage difference between the upper bevel gear 9 and the lower bevel gear 10 of the duplex bevel gear 8 can be reduced, each first branch runner 16 is arranged in a runner insert 17, the runner insert 17 is arranged to facilitate pouring, the upper end of the runner insert 17 is connected with the runner plate 12, the lower end of the runner insert 17 extends into the upper bevel gear cavity structure 3, the other end of the second main runner is communicated with the single bevel gear cavity through at least one second branch runner 18, preferably two second branch runners 18 in this embodiment, the gate at the lower end of each second branch runner 18 is located on the same plane as the upper surface of the single bevel gear cavity, each second sub-runner 18 is formed by a runner plate 12 and the upper cavity structure 5 of the single helical gear. The duplex helical gear 8 is cast by using three point gates, and the duplex helical gear 8 is cast by using two point gates, so that the internal stress of the molded part is reduced.
In this embodiment, the runner plate 12 is configured to be once separated and opened from the fixed die plate 1 (the third die opening surface K3), so that the runner insert 17 mounted on the runner plate 12 is separable from the upper helical gear cavity structure 3 mounted in the fixed die plate 1, and the upper helical gear cavity structure 3 is ensured to be freely rotatable.
In this embodiment, the runner insert 17 has three functions: firstly, forming the upper end surface of the upper bevel gear 9; secondly, the core of the runner insert 17 must be firstly pulled before the upper helical gear cavity structure 3 rotates to pull the core, so as to avoid the upper helical gear cavity structure 3 from being hindered from rotating; third, the three vertical first runners 16 and the point gates at the lower end of each first runner 16 are facilitated to be opened.
In this embodiment, the first main flow channel and the second main flow channel are both curved horizontal flow channels, the first main flow channel and the second main flow channel form an "S" shaped flow channel, and the first sub flow channel 16 and the second sub flow channel 18 are both vertical flow channels. And cold material wells are arranged at the tail ends of the first main flow channel and the second main flow channel to prevent the front cold material from blocking pouring gates of all points.
In this embodiment, the mold 100 further includes a top plate 19, a scraper plate 20, and a gate flange 21; the top plate 19 is arranged above the scraping plate 20, the top plate 19 is connected with the scraping plate 20 through a scraping plate pull rod 35, when the top plate 19 is not separated from the scraping plate 20, a second die opening surface K2 is formed on the lower surface of the top plate 19 and the upper surface of the scraping plate 20, the lower end of the scraping plate pull rod 35 is fixedly connected with an aggregate plate, a distance exists between a protrusion at the upper end of the scraping plate pull rod 35 and a step of the top plate 19, and when the top plate 19 is separated from the scraping plate 20, namely the second die opening surface K2 is opened, the protrusion at the upper end of the scraping plate pull rod 35 is in contact with the step of the top plate 19 to limit the top plate 19 and the scraping plate 20 to be continuously separated; the scraping plate 20 is arranged above the runner plate 12, a spring is arranged between the scraping plate 20 and the runner plate 12, and when the scraping plate 20 is attached to the runner plate 12, a first die opening surface K1 is formed between the lower surface of the scraping plate 20 and the upper surface of the runner plate 12; the upper end of a gate flange 21 is connected with the top plate 19, the lower end of the gate flange 21 is communicated with the main gate 13, the gate flange 21 is connected with the upper ends of a plurality of material pulling rods 30, and the lower end of each material pulling rod 30 respectively extends into the first branch flow passage 16 and the second branch flow passage 18.
In this embodiment, the mold 100 further includes a push plate 22, the push plate 22 is disposed below the movable mold plate 2, the first pushing structure includes a first push pipe 23, before the molded duplex helical gear 8 is pushed out, an upper end surface of the first push pipe 23 and a lower end surface of the second cavity are located on the same plane, an upper end surface of the first push pipe 23 is used for molding a lower end surface of the lower helical gear 10, when the molded duplex helical gear 8 is pushed out, the push plate 22 pushes a lower end of the first push pipe 23, and then the molded duplex helical gear 8 is pushed out, and when the push pipe is pushed out, the lower helical gear cavity structure 4 can rotate around a center line of a center hole of the lower helical gear 10 under driving of helical teeth of the molded lower helical gear 10. The first push tube 23 has two functions: firstly, participating in the molding of the lower end surface of the lower bevel gear 10; secondly, the formed duplex bevel gear 8 is pushed to be demoulded from the lower bevel gear cavity structure 4.
In this embodiment, the mold 100 further includes a base 24, the base 24 is disposed below the push plate 22, a first core 25 is disposed inside the first push pipe 23, the first core 25 is used for forming a central hole of the duplex helical gear 8, a lower end of the first core 25 is connected to the base 24 through a lower cover plate 34, and an upper end of the first core 25 contacts with a lower end of the runner insert 17.
In this embodiment, the second pushing structure includes a second pushing tube 26, before the molded monoclinic gear 11 is pushed out, the upper end surface of the second pushing tube 26 and the lower end surface of the monoclinic gear cavity are located on the same plane, the upper end surface of the second pushing tube 26 is used for molding the lower end surface of the monoclinic gear 11, when the molded monoclinic gear 11 is pushed out, the pushing plate 22 pushes the lower end of the second pushing tube 26, and then the molded monoclinic gear 11 is pushed out, and when the formed monoclinic gear 11 is pushed out, the lower cavity structure 6 of the monoclinic gear can rotate around the central line of the central hole of the monoclinic gear 11 under the driving of the helical teeth of the molded monoclinic gear 11. The second push tube 26 has two functions: firstly, the molding of the lower end surface of the single bevel gear 11 is participated; secondly, the formed monoclinic gear 11 is pushed to be demolded from the monoclinic gear lower cavity structure 6.
In this embodiment, a second core 27 is disposed inside the second push tube 26, the second core 27 is used for forming a central hole of the single bevel gear 11, the lower end of the second core 27 is connected with the base 24 through a lower cover plate 34, and the upper end of the second core 27 is in contact with the lower end of the lower cavity structure 6 of the single bevel gear.
In this embodiment, the mold 100 further includes a backing plate 28 and a limiting block 33, the backing plate 28 is located below the movable mold plate 2, the limiting block 33 is disposed on the push plate 22, and when the push plate 22 does not push the first push pipe 23 and the second push pipe 26, a distance exists between the limiting block 33 and the backing plate 28. The function of the backing plate 28 is to facilitate the installation of the lower bevel gear cavity structure 4 in the movable mould plate 2 after being sleeved with the three bearings 7.
In this embodiment, the movable mold plate 2 and the backing plate 28, the backing plate 28 and the vertical plate, and the vertical plate and the base 24 are respectively and fixedly connected.
In this embodiment, the top plate 19, the scraper plate 20, the runner plate 12, the fixed die plate 1, the movable die plate 2, and the backing plate 28 are provided with a die carrier guide post 39.
In this embodiment, the upper helical gear cavity structure 3 and the lower helical gear cavity structure 4 form a first parting surface F1, and the single helical gear upper cavity structure 5 and the single helical gear lower cavity structure 6 form a second parting surface F2.
The flow passage plate pull rod 38 is further included in the embodiment, the upper end of the flow passage plate pull rod 38 is fixedly connected with the scraper plate 20, the lower end of the flow passage plate pull rod 38 is provided with a protrusion, and when the first die opening surface K1, the second die opening surface K2, the third die opening surface K3 and the fourth die opening surface K4 are opened one by one, the protrusion at the lower end of the flow passage plate pull rod 38 contacts with the lower surface of the flow passage plate 12 to limit the movable die plate 2 to continuously descend.
Aiming at a duplex bevel gear forming structure, in order to ensure the coaxiality of an upper bevel gear 9 and a lower bevel gear 10, when a mold cavity is in a closed state, the centers of a runner insert 17 and a first mold core 25 are positioned by adopting a first frustum T1, the centers of the runner insert 17 and an upper bevel gear mold cavity structure 3 are positioned by adopting a second frustum Z1, the upper bevel gear mold cavity structure 3 and a lower bevel gear mold cavity structure 4 are positioned by adopting a third frustum Z2, and the lower bevel gear mold cavity structure 4 and the first mold core 25 are adjusted and positioned by adjusting the radial tolerance of a first push pipe 23; during assembly, the gaps on the closed-loop chain of the duplex helical gear forming structure are controlled as follows: the gap between the fluid insert and the upper end face of first core 25 is δ 3, δ 3 being 1 mm; the clearance between the fluid insert and the bevel of the first frustum T1 of the first core 25 is δ 4, δ 4 being 0 mm; the gap between the fluid insert and the inclined surface of the second cone Z1 of the upper bevel gear cavity structure 3 is delta 5, and delta 5 is 0 mm; the gap between the upper end faces of the upper bevel gear cavity structure 3 and the lower bevel gear cavity structure 4 is delta 7, and the delta 7 is 0 mm; the gap between the inclined planes of the third frustum Z2 of the upper bevel gear cavity structure 3 and the lower bevel gear cavity structure 4 is δ 8, and δ 8 is 0 mm; the gap between the lower end surface of the upper bevel gear cavity structure 3 and the lower bevel gear cavity structure 4 is delta 9, and the delta 9 is 0.5 mm; the gap between the first push pipe 23 and the lower helical gear cavity structure 4 is δ 10, and δ 10 is 0.015 mm; the clearance between the first core 25 and the first push tube 23 is δ 11, and δ 11 is 0.015 mm. In order to ensure the reliability of the movement of the formed parts, the clearance between the parts is set as follows: the gap between the platen 29 and the fluid insert is δ 1, δ 1 being 1 mm; the gap between the fluid insert and the upper bevel gear cavity structure 3 is delta 2, and delta 2 is 0.5 mm; the gap between the pressure plate 29 and the upper bevel gear cavity structure 3 is delta 6, and the delta 6 is 0.5 mm; a bulge is arranged on the outer side of the first push pipe 23 and matched with a step of the lower bevel gear cavity structure 4, the gap between the bulge on the outer side of the first push pipe 23 and the lower bevel gear cavity structure 4 is delta 12, and the delta 12 is 0.5 mm; the gap between the lower bevel gear cavity structure 4 and the backing plate 28 is δ 13, and δ 13 is 0.5 mm. In addition, in order to ensure the movement flexibility of the relative movement parts, the matching length d1 of the gap delta 11 is 12mm, and the clearance length d2 is 18 mm.
Aiming at the forming structure of the single bevel gear, in order to ensure the coaxiality, when the die cavity is in a closed state, the upper die cavity structure 5 of the single bevel gear and the second die core 27 are positioned by adopting a fourth frustum T2, the upper die cavity structure 5 of the single bevel gear and the lower die cavity structure 6 of the single bevel gear are positioned by adopting a fifth frustum Z3, and the lower die cavity structure 6 of the single bevel gear and the second die core 27 are adjusted and positioned by adjusting the radial tolerance of the second push pipe 26; during assembly, the clearance control on the closed-loop chain of the single bevel gear forming structure is as follows: the gap between the upper cavity structure 5 of the single bevel gear and the upper end face of the second core 27 is delta 14, and the delta 14 is 1 mm; the clearance between the upper cavity structure 5 of the single bevel gear and the bevel of the fourth frustum T2 of the second core 27 is δ 15, and δ 15 is 0 mm; a gap delta 16 between the upper end faces of the upper monocline gear cavity structure 5 and the lower monocline gear cavity structure 6 is 0mm, and delta 16 is equal to 0 mm; the gap between the inclined planes of the fifth frustum Z3 of the upper single bevel gear cavity structure 5 and the lower single bevel gear cavity structure 6 is delta 17, and delta 17 is 0 mm; the gap between the lower end surface of the upper monocline gear cavity structure 5 and the lower monocline gear cavity structure 6 is delta 18, and the delta 18 is 0.5 mm; the gap between the second push pipe 26 and the lower cavity structure 6 of the single bevel gear is delta 19, and delta 19 is 0.015 mm; the gap between the second core 27 and the second push pipe 26 is δ 20, δ 20 is 0.015 mm; the outside of second ejector sleeve 26 is provided with the arch, and the arch matches with the step of monocline gear lower die cavity structure 6, and the clearance between the arch of the outside of second ejector sleeve 26 and monocline gear lower die cavity structure 6 is delta 21, and delta 21 equals 0.5 mm. To ensure the reliability of the movement of the under-bevel pinion cavity structure 6, the clearance between the under-bevel pinion cavity structure 6 and the shim plate 28 is δ 22, δ 22 being 0.5 mm. In addition, in order to ensure the movement flexibility of the relative movement parts, the matching length d3 of the gap delta 19 is 12mm, and the clearance length d4 is 18 mm.
In order to reduce the change caused by the abrasion of parts, the meeting surfaces of the clearances delta 3, delta 5, delta 7, delta 8, delta 10, delta 11, delta 15, delta 16, delta 17, delta 19 and delta 20 need to be subjected to surface hardening treatment, and the surface hardness is HRC 48-52.
In this embodiment, the matching surfaces of the second frustum Z1, the third frustum Z2 and the fifth frustum Z3 are provided with exhaust grooves, and the depth of each exhaust groove is 0.01 mm. The first parting surface F1 and the second parting surface F2 are provided with exhaust grooves, and the depth of the exhaust grooves is 0.01 mm.
In the embodiment, the upper bevel gear cavity structure 3, the lower bevel gear cavity structure 4, the single bevel gear upper cavity structure 5 and the single bevel gear lower cavity structure 6 are made of the same material to ensure the consistency of expansion with heat and contraction with cold, the material is 738H, and the hardness of the material is HRC 42; and water channels are arranged on the movable mould plate 2 and the fixed mould plate 1 to enhance cooling.
In this embodiment, each bearing 7 is a tapered roller bearing 7, so as to ensure the accuracy of the axial and circumferential positioning of the upper helical gear cavity structure 3, the lower helical gear cavity structure 4, and the single helical gear lower cavity structure 6.
In this embodiment, the shrinkage ratios of the upper helical gear 9, the lower helical gear 10, and the single helical gear 11 are set to be different, and are 0.58%, 0.51%, and 0.54%, respectively.
The forming of the duplex helical gear 8 can be realized by the following steps: firstly, three point gates are used for pouring, and when the duplex bevel gear 8 is demoulded, the point gates can be automatically separated from the duplex bevel gear 8; secondly, the upper helical tooth cavity structure can rotate, so that when the first parting surface F1 is opened, the upper helical teeth of the duplex helical gear 8 can realize rotating core pulling through the rotation of the upper helical tooth cavity structure; thirdly, through the upward ejection of the first push pipe 23, during the ejection, under the driving of the helical teeth of the lower helical gear 10 of the duplex helical gear 8, the lower helical gear cavity structure can rotate around the central line of the central hole of the duplex helical gear 8, and the inner wall of the central hole of the lower helical gear 10 left in the lower helical gear cavity structure can be ejected from the first mold core 25 for demolding; meanwhile, the lower helical teeth and the lower helical teeth cavity structure can be separated by matching with the rotation of the lower helical teeth cavity structure.
The forming of the monocline gear 11 can be realized by: firstly, two point pouring gates are used for pouring; secondly, after the second section surface F2 is opened, the single helical gear 11 is ejected out of the second mold core 27 through the second push pipe 26, and simultaneously, as the single helical gear 11 is ejected, helical teeth on the periphery of the single helical gear push the single helical gear lower mold cavity structure to rotate, so that the rotary core-pulling and mold-releasing of the helical teeth are realized.
Example two
The embodiment provides a molding method using the mold 100 of the first embodiment, which includes the following steps:
s1: pouring into the first cavity, the second cavity and the single shoe gear cavity;
s2: the first die opening surface K1 is opened, the material pulling rod 30 separates the runner waste in the first sub-runner 16 from the formed duplex helical gear 8, and simultaneously, the material pulling rod 30 separates the runner waste in the second sub-runner 18 from the formed monoclinic gear 11;
s3: the second die opening surface K2 is opened, and the waste material of each runner is pushed out from the corresponding material pulling rod 30 by the scraper plate 20 for demoulding; in the opening process of the second die sinking surface, the bulge at the upper end of the scraper plate pull rod 35 is contacted with the step of the top plate 19 to further limit the scraper plate 20 to continuously descend, and the opening of the second die sinking surface K2 is completed;
s4: the third die opening surface K3 is opened, and the runner plate 12 extracts the runner insert 17 from the upper bevel gear cavity structure 3; in the process of opening the third opening die surface K3, the protrusion at the lower end of the fixed die plate pull rod 36 is in contact with the step of the fixed die plate 1 to further limit the fixed die plate 1 to continuously descend, and the opening of the third opening die surface K3 is completed;
s5: a fourth die surface K4 formed by the lower surface of the fixed die plate 1 and the upper surface of the movable die plate 2 is opened, the molded duplex bevel gear 8 moves downwards along with the movable die plate 2, the helical teeth of the upper bevel gear 9 drive the upper bevel gear cavity structure 3 to rotate, so that the upper bevel gear 9 is separated from the upper bevel gear cavity structure 3, and meanwhile, the upper bevel gear cavity structure 5 is separated from the upper end surface of the molded monoclinic gear 11; in the opening process of the fourth die surface K4, the protrusion at the lower end of the runner plate pull rod 38 is contacted with the lower surface of the runner plate 12 to further limit the movable die plate 2 to continue descending, and the opening of the fourth die surface K4 is completed;
s6: the push plate 22 pushes the first push tube 23 and the second push tube 26 to move upwards synchronously, the first push structure pushes the formed duplex helical gear 8 to move upwards, helical teeth of the lower helical gear 10 drive the lower helical gear cavity structure 4 to rotate with the lower helical gear 10, so that the lower helical gear 10 is separated from the lower helical gear cavity structure 4, meanwhile, the second push structure pushes the formed monoclinic gear 11 to move upwards, and helical teeth of the formed monoclinic gear 11 drive the monoclinic gear lower cavity structure 6 and the monoclinic gear 11 to rotate, so that the monoclinic gear 11 is separated from the monoclinic gear lower cavity structure 6.
The mold opening sequence of the mold 100 is first mold opening surface K1 → second mold opening surface K2 → third mold opening surface K3 → fourth mold opening surface K4, and the mold closing sequence is fourth mold opening surface K4 → third mold opening surface K3 → first mold opening surface K1 → second mold opening surface K2.
In the embodiment, the molded duplex bevel gear 8 drives the upper bevel gear cavity structure 3 and the lower bevel gear cavity structure 4 to rotate, and the molded monoclinic gear 11 moves to drive the monoclinic gear lower cavity structure 6 to rotate, so that the aim of demolding the plastic part with the bevel gear is fulfilled.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A mold, characterized in that: the forming device comprises a fixed template, a movable template, a duplex helical gear forming structure and a single helical gear forming structure, wherein the single helical gear forming structure is arranged on one side of the duplex helical gear forming structure;
the double helical gear forming structure comprises an upper helical gear cavity structure, a lower helical gear cavity structure and a first material pushing structure, wherein the upper helical gear cavity structure is positioned above the lower helical gear cavity structure, the upper helical gear cavity structure is rotationally connected with the fixed template, the lower helical gear cavity structure is rotationally connected with the movable template, the upper helical gear cavity structure comprises a first cavity for forming an upper helical gear of the double helical gear, the lower helical gear cavity structure comprises a second cavity for forming a lower helical gear of the double helical gear, the first cavity is communicated with the second cavity, the upper end face of the first material pushing structure and the lower end face of the second cavity are positioned on the same plane, and the first material pushing structure is used for pushing out the formed double helical gear;
the bevel pinion forming structure comprises a bevel pinion upper cavity structure, a bevel pinion lower cavity structure and a second material pushing structure, the bevel pinion upper cavity structure is located above the bevel pinion lower cavity structure, the bevel pinion lower cavity structure is rotationally connected with the movable mould plate, the bevel pinion upper cavity structure and the bevel pinion lower cavity structure form a bevel pinion cavity for forming a bevel pinion, the upper end face of the second material pushing structure and the lower end face of the bevel pinion cavity are located on the same plane, and the second material pushing structure is used for pushing out the bevel pinion after forming.
2. The mold of claim 1, wherein: the mold further comprises a runner plate, the runner plate is arranged above the fixed mold plate, when the runner plate is attached to the fixed mold plate, a third mold opening surface is formed between the lower surface of the runner plate and the upper surface of the fixed mold plate, a main gate, a first main runner and a second main runner are arranged in the runner plate, the main gate is respectively communicated with one end of the first main runner and one end of the second main runner, the other end of the first main runner is communicated with the first cavity through at least one first sub-runner, a point gate at the lower end of each first sub-runner and the upper surface of the first cavity are positioned on the same plane, each first sub-runner is arranged in a runner insert, the upper end of the runner insert is connected with the runner plate, the lower end of the runner insert extends into the upper bevel gear cavity structure, and the other end of the second main runner is communicated with the single bevel gear cavity through at least one second sub-runner, and the point gates at the lower ends of the second branch runners and the upper surface of the single helical gear cavity are positioned on the same plane.
3. The mold of claim 2, wherein: the mould also comprises a top plate, a scraping plate and a pouring gate flange; the top plate is arranged above the scraping plate, and when the top plate is attached to the scraping plate, a second die opening surface is formed between the lower surface of the top plate and the upper surface of the scraping plate; the scraping plate is arranged above the runner plate, and when the scraping plate is attached to the runner plate, the lower surface of the scraping plate and the upper surface of the runner plate form a first die opening surface; the upper end of the sprue flange is connected with the top plate, the lower end of the sprue flange is communicated with the main sprue, the sprue flange is connected with the upper ends of a plurality of material pulling rods, and the lower end of each material pulling rod extends into the first branch flow channel and the second branch flow channel respectively.
4. The mold of claim 2, wherein: the die further comprises a push plate, the push plate is arranged below the movable die plate, the first material pushing structure comprises a first push pipe, the upper end face of the first push pipe and the lower end face of the second cavity are located on the same plane before the formed duplex helical gear is pushed out, and when the formed duplex helical gear is pushed out, the push plate pushes the lower end of the first push pipe so as to push out the formed duplex helical gear.
5. The mold of claim 4, wherein: the mold further comprises a base, the base is arranged below the push plate, a first mold core is arranged on the inner side of the first push pipe and used for forming a central hole of the duplex helical gear, the lower end of the first mold core is connected with the base, and the upper end of the first mold core is in contact with the lower end of the runner insert.
6. The mold of claim 5, wherein: the second pushing structure comprises a second pushing pipe, the upper end face of the second pushing pipe and the lower end face of the single helical gear cavity are located on the same plane before the formed single helical gear is pushed out, and when the formed single helical gear is pushed out, the pushing plate pushes the lower end of the second pushing pipe, so that the formed single helical gear is pushed out.
7. The mold of claim 6, wherein: the inner side of the second push pipe is provided with a second core, the second core is used for forming a center hole of the single bevel gear, the lower end of the second core is connected with the base, and the upper end of the second core is in contact with the lower end of the lower cavity structure of the single bevel gear.
8. The mold of claim 6, wherein: the mould still includes backing plate and stopper, the backing plate is located the below of movable mould board, the stopper sets up on the push pedal, the push pedal does not promote first ejector sleeve with during the second ejector sleeve, the stopper with there is the distance between the backing plate.
9. A molding method using the mold according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: pouring into the first cavity, the second cavity and the single shoe gear cavity;
s2: opening the first die opening surface, separating the runner waste in the first sub-runner from the formed duplex helical gear by the material pulling rod, and simultaneously separating the runner waste in the second sub-runner from the formed monoclinic gear by the material pulling rod;
s3: the second die opening surface is opened, and the waste materials of all the flow channels are pushed out from the corresponding material pulling rods by the scraping plates to be demolded;
s4: the third open die surface is opened, and the runner plate extracts the runner insert from the upper bevel gear cavity structure;
s5: a fourth die surface formed by the lower surface of the fixed die plate and the upper surface of the movable die plate is opened, the formed duplex bevel gear follows the movable die plate to move downwards, and the bevel teeth of the upper bevel gear drive the upper bevel gear die cavity structure to rotate, so that the upper bevel gear is separated from the upper bevel gear die cavity structure, and meanwhile, the upper die cavity structure of the single bevel gear is separated from the upper end surface of the formed single bevel gear;
s6: first pushing equipment and second pushing equipment move upward in step, first pushing equipment promotes the pair helical gear after the shaping to move upward, helical tooth drive down helical gear type cavity structure and the rotation of down helical gear for down the helical gear with down helical gear type cavity structure separation, simultaneously, second pushing equipment promotes the monoclinic gear after the shaping to move upward, and the helical tooth drive monoclinic gear type cavity structure and the rotation of monoclinic gear after the shaping make the monoclinic gear with monoclinic gear type cavity structure separation down.
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| CN202111550287.1A CN114248403A (en) | 2021-12-17 | 2021-12-17 | Die and forming method |
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| CN202111550287.1A CN114248403A (en) | 2021-12-17 | 2021-12-17 | Die and forming method |
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Cited By (1)
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