CN114247750A - Process for improving stress cracks of medium-carbon alloy cold forging steel hot rolled blank - Google Patents
Process for improving stress cracks of medium-carbon alloy cold forging steel hot rolled blank Download PDFInfo
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- CN114247750A CN114247750A CN202111363600.0A CN202111363600A CN114247750A CN 114247750 A CN114247750 A CN 114247750A CN 202111363600 A CN202111363600 A CN 202111363600A CN 114247750 A CN114247750 A CN 114247750A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/74—Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/004—Heating the product
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a process for improving stress cracks of a medium carbon alloy cold forging steel hot rolled blank, which adopts the following process steps: (1) slowly cooling before heating: slowly cooling the obtained bloom for 48-72 hours; (2) sectional heating: the first section heating temperature is 850-950 ℃, the second section heating temperature is 1030-1130 ℃, and the soaking temperature of the soaking section is 1100-1200 ℃; (3) cogging and rolling: rolling for 9 times, wherein 50-60 mm of reduction is adopted in the first four times, 20-30 mm of reduction is adopted in the middle four times, and 10-20 mm of reduction is adopted in the last time; (4) slow cooling after rolling: and slowly cooling the hot rolled blank after cogging for 30-36 hours. The medium-carbon alloy cold forging steel obtained by the process can eliminate the billet internal stress generated after the carbon alloy cold forging steel billet is rolled at high temperature, thereby not only avoiding the problem of wire cracking caused by billet stress, but also ensuring the good hardenability of the medium-carbon alloy cold forging steel and the high quality of the steel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of steel production, and particularly relates to a process for improving stress cracks of a medium carbon alloy cold forging steel hot rolling blank.
Background
The medium carbon alloy cold heading steel XGML40Cr is common alloy quenched and tempered steel, has the advantages of stable components, low harmful elements, high steel purity, small decarburized layer, less surface defects and the like, is easy to perform spheroidizing annealing during use, has low cold heading cracking rate, stable heat treatment quality and uniform hardness, and is widely applied to various industries.
The material of the chenchen steel XGML40Cr is mainly used for producing automobile hub bolts, head bolts and other 12.9 grade high strength bolts. Automotive customers use my XGML40Cr to produce head bolts for use on passenger cars. The client reflects the advantages of good hardenability, moderate hardness, long fatigue life and the like of the product XGML40 Cr.
In the production process of the medium-carbon alloy cold heading steel XGML40Cr, because the components contain a large amount of chromium elements which are easy to form carbides, the cooling C curve of the steel is shifted to the right, so that the supercooling stability of the steel in an austenite state is increased, and the critical cooling speed is reduced. The medium carbon alloy cold heading steel billet is rolled at a high temperature state, after the medium carbon alloy cold heading steel billet reaches a required size, the billet is cooled in air, the cooling speed of the surface of the billet is increased to generate stress when a martensite structure is generated, and stress cracks are formed on the surface of a wire after the wire is heated and rolled, as shown in fig. 1.
Therefore, how to eliminate the billet internal stress generated after the carbon alloy cold heading steel billet is rolled at high temperature, the problem of wire cracking caused by billet stress is avoided, the good hardenability of the alloy cold heading steel is ensured, the high-performance and low-cost production of the high-end medium carbon alloy cold heading steel is supported, and a problem to be solved is urgently solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a process for improving the stress crack of a medium-carbon alloy cold forging steel hot rolling blank so as to effectively avoid the cracking of a wire rod.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the method adopts the following technical processes: (1) slowly cooling before heating: slowly cooling the obtained bloom for 48-72 hours;
(2) sectional heating: the first section heating temperature is 850-950 ℃, the second section heating temperature is 1030-1130 ℃, and the soaking temperature of the soaking section is 1100-1200 ℃;
(3) cogging and rolling: rolling for 9 times, wherein 50-60 mm of reduction is adopted in the first four times, 20-30 mm of reduction is adopted in the middle four times, and 10-20 mm of reduction is adopted in the last time;
(4) slow cooling after rolling: and slowly cooling the hot rolled blank after cogging for 30-36 hours.
In the process (2), the total heating time is controlled to be 3-5 h, the heat preservation time of the high-temperature section is controlled to be 1-1.5 h, and the temperature of the high-temperature section is more than or equal to 1100 ℃.
In the process (3) of the present invention, the bloom is rolled into a hot-rolled bloom of 150 × 150mm, 155 × 155mm, or 160 × 160 mm.
The medium-carbon alloy cold heading steel is XGML40 Cr.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in: the invention slowly cools the bloom, controls the heating temperature, the heating time, the residual oxygen amount and the reduction amount when segmenting the cogging rolling, slowly cools the hot rolled billet after the billet rolling is finished, eliminates the internal stress in the hot rolled billet, avoids the defect of wire crack caused by the internal stress of the billet in the subsequent wire rolling process of the hot rolled billet, reduces or eliminates the surface crack of the wire and ensures the hardenability of the product. According to the invention, by adjusting the cogging heating parameters, the casting blank is ensured to avoid a brittleness sensitive area, the technological parameters of temperature and reduction during cogging are controlled, the internal stress of the medium carbon alloy cold forging steel billet is eliminated after high temperature rolling, and the problem of wire cracking caused by further wire rolling stress is avoided. The medium-carbon alloy cold forging steel obtained by the invention can eliminate the billet internal stress generated after the carbon alloy cold forging steel billet is rolled at high temperature, thereby not only avoiding the problem of wire cracking caused by billet stress, but also ensuring the good hardenability of the medium-carbon alloy cold forging steel and the high quality of the steel.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a stress crack diagram of a medium carbon alloy cold heading steel XGML40Cr billet obtained by a traditional process;
FIG. 2 is a plot of elongation versus temperature for the medium carbon alloy cold heading steel XGML40 Cr;
FIG. 3 is a plot of reduction of area versus temperature for the medium carbon alloy cold heading steel XGML40 Cr;
FIG. 4 is a surface morphology diagram of a medium carbon alloy cold heading steel XGML40Cr hot rolled blank obtained by the method;
FIG. 5 is a metallographic diagram of a hot rolled blank of medium carbon alloy cold heading steel XGML40Cr obtained by the method;
FIG. 6 is a grain size plot of a hot rolled billet of XGML40Cr obtained in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a grain size plot of a hot rolled billet of XGML40Cr obtained in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a grain size plot of a hot rolled billet of XGML40Cr obtained in example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The process for improving the stress crack of the medium carbon alloy cold forging steel hot rolled blank adopts the following principle: as can be seen from fig. 2 and 3, the process reduces the stability of the steel after austenitizing by improving the heating process of the medium-carbon alloy cold forging steel billet; the hardenability of the product is ensured by adjusting the proper rolling reduction; controlling the cooling speed of the billet in the subsequent cooling process after rolling to avoid the martensite transformation brittleness area; before and after the billet is rolled, the bloom and the hot rolled billet are slowly cooled, the internal stress in the hot rolled billet is eliminated, the hot rolled billet is prevented from stress cracking in the wire rolling process, and the hardenability of the product is ensured.
The process for improving the stress crack of the medium-carbon alloy cold forging steel hot rolled blank is suitable for the medium-carbon alloy cold forging steel XGML40Cr and comprises the processes of slow cooling before heating, sectional heating, cogging rolling and slow cooling after rolling; the process of each process is as follows:
(1) slowly cooling before heating: and casting the obtained bloom, and slowly cooling the bloom in a slow cooling pit for 48-72 hours at the temperature of 100-500 ℃.
(2) Sectional heating: heating the bloom after slow cooling by adopting a regenerative heating furnace; the first section heating temperature is 850-950 ℃, the second section heating temperature is 1030-1130 ℃, and the soaking temperature of the soaking section is 1100-1200 ℃; wherein, the temperature section which is more than or equal to 1100 ℃ in the whole heating process is a high temperature section; the total heating time is controlled to be 3-5 h, and the heat preservation time at the high-temperature section is controlled to be 1-1.5 h.
(3) Cogging and rolling: cogging and rolling the heated bloom to obtain a hot rolling blank; the cogging rolling process adopts 9 passes of rolling, the first four passes adopt the rolling reduction of 50-60 mm, the middle four passes adopt the rolling reduction of 20-30 mm, and the last pass adopts the rolling reduction of 10-20 mm; the 280 x 325mm bloom was rolled to a hot rolled billet of 150 x 150mm, 155 x 155mm or 160 x 160 mm.
(4) Slow cooling after rolling: and slowly cooling the hot rolled blank after cogging for 30-36 hours.
Example 1: the process for improving the stress crack of the medium carbon alloy cold forging steel hot rolled blank is specifically described as follows.
(1) Slowly cooling before heating: the obtained XGML40Cr steel bloom is cast and put into a slow cooling pit for slow cooling for 72 hours at the temperature of 300 ℃.
(2) Sectional heating: heating the bloom after slow cooling by adopting a regenerative heating furnace; the first stage heating temperature is 850 ℃, the second stage heating temperature is 1030 ℃, and the soaking temperature of the soaking section is 1100 ℃; the total heating time is controlled to be 5h, and the heat preservation time of the high-temperature section is controlled to be 1.5 h.
(3) Cogging and rolling: rolling the 280 x 325mm bloom into a 160 x 160mm hot rolled bloom by adopting 9 passes of rolling; the first four passes adopt 50mm of reduction, the middle four passes adopt 30mm of reduction, and the last pass adopts 10mm of reduction.
(4) Slow cooling after rolling: the hot rolled billet after cogging rolling was slowly cooled for 36 hours.
(5) Performing low-power pickling on the obtained XGML40Cr hot-rolled blank and the wire rod obtained by subsequent processing according to the national inspection standard; the surface morphology diagram of the obtained XGML40Cr hot-rolled blank is shown in FIG. 4, the gold phase diagram is shown in FIG. 5, the grain size diagram is shown in FIG. 6, and as can be seen from FIG. 4, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the surface of the hot-rolled blank has no cracks; the surface of the obtained wire rod is free from stress cracks.
Example 2: the process for improving the stress crack of the medium carbon alloy cold forging steel hot rolled blank is specifically described as follows.
(1) Slowly cooling before heating: the obtained XGML40Cr steel bloom is cast, and the bloom is slowly cooled in a slow cooling pit for 72 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃.
(2) Sectional heating: heating the bloom after slow cooling by adopting a regenerative heating furnace; the first-stage heating temperature is 900 ℃, the second-stage heating temperature is 1060 ℃, and the soaking temperature of the soaking section is 1120 ℃; the total heating time is controlled to be 4 hours, and the heat preservation time of the high-temperature section is controlled to be 1.5 hours.
(3) Cogging and rolling: rolling the 280 x 325mm bloom into 155 x 155mm hot rolled bloom by adopting 9 passes of rolling; the first four passes adopt 55mm of reduction, the middle four passes adopt 25mm of reduction, and the last pass adopts 15mm of reduction.
(4) Slow cooling after rolling: and slowly cooling the hot rolled blank after cogging for 30 hours.
(5) Performing low-power pickling on the obtained XGML40Cr hot-rolled blank and the wire rod obtained by subsequent processing according to the national inspection standard; the grain size pattern of the resulting XGML40Cr hot rolled billet is shown in fig. 7, with no cracks on the surface; the surface of the obtained wire rod is free from stress cracks.
Example 3: the process for improving the stress crack of the medium carbon alloy cold forging steel hot rolled blank is specifically described as follows.
(1) Slowly cooling before heating: and casting the obtained XGML40Cr steel bloom, and putting the bloom into a slow cooling pit for slow cooling for 60 hours at 500 ℃.
(2) Sectional heating: heating the bloom after slow cooling by adopting a regenerative heating furnace; the first section heating temperature is 950 ℃, the second section heating temperature is 1130 ℃, and the soaking temperature of the soaking section is 1200 ℃; the total heating time is controlled to be 3h, and the heat preservation time at the high-temperature section is controlled to be 1 h.
(3) Cogging and rolling: rolling the 280 x 325mm bloom into 155 x 155mm hot rolled bloom by adopting 9 passes of rolling; the first four passes adopt 60mm of reduction, the middle four passes adopt 20mm of reduction, and the last pass adopts 20mm of reduction.
(4) Slow cooling after rolling: the hot rolled billet after cogging rolling was slowly cooled for 36 hours.
(5) Performing low-power pickling on the obtained XGML40Cr hot-rolled blank and the wire rod obtained by subsequent processing according to the national inspection standard; the grain size pattern of the resulting XGML40Cr hot rolled billet is shown in fig. 8, with no cracks on the surface; the surface of the obtained wire rod is free from stress cracks.
Example 4: the process for improving the stress crack of the medium carbon alloy cold forging steel hot rolled blank is specifically described as follows.
(1) Slowly cooling before heating: and casting the obtained XGML40Cr steel bloom, and putting the bloom into a slow cooling pit for slow cooling for 48 hours at the temperature of 200 ℃.
(2) Sectional heating: heating the bloom after slow cooling by adopting a regenerative heating furnace; the first section heating temperature is 880 ℃, the second section heating temperature is 1100 ℃, and the soaking temperature of the soaking section is 1150 ℃; the total heating time is controlled to be 4 hours, and the heat preservation time of the high-temperature section is controlled to be 1.2 hours.
(3) Cogging and rolling: rolling the 280 x 325mm bloom into a 150 x 150mm hot rolled bloom by adopting 9 passes of rolling; the first four passes adopt 55mm of reduction, the middle four passes adopt 30mm of reduction, and the last pass adopts 15mm of reduction.
(4) Slow cooling after rolling: the hot rolled slab after cogging was slowly cooled for 32 hours.
(5) Performing low-power pickling on the obtained XGML40Cr hot-rolled blank and the wire rod obtained by subsequent processing according to the national inspection standard; the surface of the obtained XGML40Cr hot rolled blank has no cracks; the surface of the obtained wire rod is free from stress cracks.
Claims (4)
1. A process for improving the stress crack of a medium carbon alloy cold forging steel hot rolled blank is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) slowly cooling before heating: slowly cooling the obtained bloom for 48-72 hours;
(2) sectional heating: the first section heating temperature is 850-950 ℃, the second section heating temperature is 1030-1130 ℃, and the soaking temperature of the soaking section is 1100-1200 ℃;
(3) cogging and rolling: rolling for 9 times, wherein 50-60 mm of reduction is adopted in the first four times, 20-30 mm of reduction is adopted in the middle four times, and 10-20 mm of reduction is adopted in the last time;
(4) slow cooling after rolling: and slowly cooling the hot rolled blank after cogging for 30-36 hours.
2. The process for improving the stress crack of the medium-carbon alloy cold forging steel hot rolled blank according to claim 1, wherein the stress crack is characterized in that: in the process (2), the total heating time is controlled to be 3-5 h, the heat preservation time of the high-temperature section is controlled to be 1-1.5 h, and the temperature of the high-temperature section is more than or equal to 1100 ℃.
3. The process for improving the stress crack of the medium-carbon alloy cold forging steel hot rolled blank according to claim 1, wherein the stress crack is characterized in that: in the process (3), the bloom is rolled into a hot-rolled bloom of 150 × 150mm, 155 × 155mm, or 160 × 160 mm.
4. The process for improving the stress crack of the medium carbon alloy cold forging steel hot rolled blank according to the claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the stress crack is characterized in that: the medium carbon alloy cold heading steel is XGML40 Cr.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2531944A1 (en) * | 1975-07-17 | 1977-02-03 | Schraubenkombinat Veb | High strength cold formed parts such as steel bolts - made by drawing and upsetting to eliminate need for heat treatment |
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| CN104759469A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-07-08 | 邢台钢铁有限责任公司 | Production method for non-annealed medium carbon cold heading steel hot-rolled wire rod |
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-
2021
- 2021-11-17 CN CN202111363600.0A patent/CN114247750B/en active Active
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| 苏亚红;: "冷镦钢质量控制技术", 冶金信息导刊, no. 02, pages 18 - 22 * |
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