CN114244753B - Quick communication method for multiple upper computers and controllers based on RS485 bus - Google Patents
Quick communication method for multiple upper computers and controllers based on RS485 bus Download PDFInfo
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- CN114244753B CN114244753B CN202111434146.3A CN202111434146A CN114244753B CN 114244753 B CN114244753 B CN 114244753B CN 202111434146 A CN202111434146 A CN 202111434146A CN 114244753 B CN114244753 B CN 114244753B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/10—Active monitoring, e.g. heartbeat, ping or trace-route
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L12/40006—Architecture of a communication node
- H04L12/40013—Details regarding a bus controller
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/40—Bus networks
- H04L2012/40208—Bus networks characterized by the use of a particular bus standard
- H04L2012/40228—Modbus
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Abstract
The application relates to the field of industrial communication, and discloses a rapid communication structure and a rapid communication method of a plurality of upper computers and controllers based on an RS485 bus, wherein the controllers are electrified for the first time and send data to the upper computers in a broadcasting mode, the data are in place in one step, and the time for the upper computers to poll the controllers one by one is saved; in the subsequent operation process, the controller only broadcasts the changed data, so that a large amount of bus resources occupied by unchanged data communication are saved; meanwhile, the controller can respond to the request command and the write value command of the upper computer on all data, and the write value of the upper computer adopts a message queue, so that the write value command is not lost; most importantly, the controller and the upper computer respectively carry out CRC (cyclic redundancy check) on all data of the host computer, the data are inconsistent, the controller can broadcast all the data again, and the consistency of the data of the controller and the upper computer is ensured. By using the communication method, the communication speed between the upper computer and the controller can be greatly improved on the premise of ensuring the data consistency, and the effect is more obvious as the upper computer is more.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of industrial communication, in particular to a rapid communication structure and a rapid communication method of a plurality of upper computers and controllers based on an RS485 bus.
Background
At present, a most general and mature modbus protocol is used based on 485 bus request response communication, the modbus protocol is a master/slave architecture protocol, the master-slave protocol strictly follows a request response mechanism, when a plurality of modbus upper computers exist, the instructions of an upper computer read-write controller cannot be used simultaneously, only after the instruction of the upper computer finishes execution, the control right is delivered to the next upper computer, the instruction of the next upper computer can be executed, even if only the same frame data of the controller is read, each upper computer only has one read instruction, if 100 upper computers exist, the average time after the reading of each upper computer finishes is calculated according to 20ms, and then the cycle of one polling is 20 x 100 = 2000ms; in practical application, the read-write period of the upper computer to the controller is much longer than 20ms, so that the polling period is too long, the difference of the controller data acquired by the upper computer is relatively large, the instantaneity is poor, and the whole system response is relatively slow.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the response speed of a system, the application aims to provide a rapid communication structure and a rapid communication method of a plurality of upper computers and controllers based on an RS485 bus.
In a first aspect, the technical scheme of the rapid communication structure of the plurality of upper computers and the controller based on the RS485 bus provided by the application is as follows:
a plurality of upper computers and controller quick communication structures based on RS485 bus includes: the upper computers are used for displaying data in the controller and changing the data of the controller, the upper computers are connected with the controller through a 485 bus, the data are transmitted on the 485 bus, and all the upper computers have corresponding unique station numbers.
In a second aspect, the technical scheme of the rapid communication method between the plurality of upper computers and the controller based on the RS485 bus provided by the application is as follows:
a rapid communication method between a plurality of upper computers and a controller based on an RS485 bus is provided, wherein the controller broadcasts changed data to all the upper computers.
In some embodiments: the controller performs the following steps:
powering up the system;
the controller broadcasts all data to a plurality of upper computers once;
checking whether the controller data has changes or not, and broadcasting the changed data to the upper computer by the changed data;
the controller sends the station number of one upper computer;
judging whether the corresponding upper computer replies or not, if the upper computer does not reply, not replying according to the overtime;
if the upper computer replies, judging whether the heartbeat packet is replied, if so, jumping to: checking whether the controller data has changes or not, and broadcasting the changed data to the upper computer by the changed data;
if the data is not the heartbeat packet, judging whether the data is the writing value data, and if the data is the writing value data, executing writing value processing;
if the data is neither the heartbeat packet nor the write value data, judging whether all the data commands are requested, if the data commands are requested, directly skipping to execute: the controller broadcasts all data to a plurality of upper computers once;
if the data is not a heartbeat packet, is not written value data, is not a request for all data commands, replying to an exception, and processing according to the exception;
the processing of not replying according to the overtime and the processing of not replying according to the exception are continued to be executed: and checking whether the controller data has a change or not, and broadcasting the change data to the upper computer by the change.
In some embodiments: and the controller and the upper computer respectively carry out CRC (cyclic redundancy check) on all data of the host computer.
In some embodiments: before the controller data is checked to be changed, the method further comprises the steps of: and calculating all data CRC check values of the controller, and sending the CRC check values of all data by the controller while sending the station number of one upper computer.
In some embodiments: the execution steps of the upper computer are as follows:
s21: powering up the system;
s22, the upper computer is quiesced and waits;
s23, judging whether broadcast data sent by the controller is received within the timeout period, if not, performing timeout processing, and executing S22 after the processing;
s24, receiving data, judging whether the data is a data frame, executing S27 if the data is a data frame, and executing S25 if the data is not a data frame;
s25: judging whether the message station number is consistent with the upper computer station number, executing S26; inconsistent, executing S29;
s26, judging whether the upper computer is electrified for the first time, if so, requesting the controller to broadcast all data, and then executing S22; if not, performing S211;
s27, recording data broadcasted by the controller;
s29, if the upper computer has a write value request, the upper computer carries out write value data processing, then S22 is executed, and the upper computer directly enters S22 without the write value request;
s211: judging whether the upper computer needs to send a write value data frame or not, if so, sending write data, and executing S22 after the sending is finished; the write value data frame does not need to be transmitted, and S212 is executed;
s212, directly replying to the heartbeat packet without sending the writing data, and then executing S22.
In some embodiments: and the controller and the upper computer respectively carry out CRC (cyclic redundancy check) on all data of the host computer.
In some embodiments: the upper computer executes the steps, and before S29, the method further includes:
s28, performing CRC (cyclic redundancy check) on all data by the upper computer;
and, in addition, the method comprises the steps of,
s29, whether the upper computer has a write value request or not, carrying out write value data processing on the write value request, then executing S22, and directly entering S22 without the write value request;
s210, comparing a received data frame CRC check value with all data CRC check values of the upper computer, wherein CRC is inconsistent, requesting the controller to broadcast all data, and then executing S22; CRC comparison is consistent, S211 is executed;
and, in addition, the method comprises the steps of,
the step S25: judging whether the message station number is consistent with the upper computer station number, executing S26; and S28 is executed if the two values are inconsistent.
In some embodiments:
s29, a write value request is provided, write value data is sent to a write value message queue, and a write value flag bit is set;
in S211, if it is determined that the host computer needs to send the write-value data frame, the write-value data needs to be sent from the message queue one by one.
Compared with the prior art, the rapid communication structure and the rapid communication method for the plurality of upper computers and the controller based on the RS485 bus have the following technical effects:
1. the controller is electrified for the first time and transmits data to the upper computer in a broadcasting mode, the data is in place in one step, and the time for the upper computer to poll the controller one by one is saved; in the subsequent operation process, the controller only broadcasts the changed data, so that a large amount of bus resources occupied by unchanged data communication are saved; meanwhile, the controller can respond to the request command and the write value command of the upper computer on all data, and the write value of the upper computer adopts a message queue, so that the write value command is not lost; most importantly, the controller and the upper computer respectively carry out CRC (cyclic redundancy check) on all data of the local computer, and the controller can broadcast all the data again without consistency, so that the consistency of the data of the controller and the upper computer is ensured;
2. by using the communication method, the communication speed between the upper computer and the controller can be greatly improved on the premise of ensuring the data consistency, and the effect is more obvious as the upper computer is more.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a rapid communication structure between a plurality of upper computers and a controller based on an RS485 bus;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the operation steps of a controller in a method for rapidly communicating a plurality of upper computers with the controller based on an RS485 bus;
fig. 3 is a diagram of operation steps of an upper computer in a rapid communication method between a plurality of upper computers and a controller based on an RS485 bus.
In the figure: 1. a controller; 2. an upper computer; 3. 485 bus.
Detailed Description
The application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The application discloses a rapid communication structure of a plurality of upper computers and controllers based on an RS485 bus, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following steps: the system comprises a controller 1 and a plurality of upper computers 2, wherein the upper computers 2 are used for displaying data in the controller 1 and changing the data of the controller 1, the upper computers 2 are connected with the controller 1 through a 485 bus 3, the data are transmitted on the 485 bus 3, and all the upper computers 2 have corresponding unique numbers, namely station numbers of the upper computers 2. The rapid communication structure of the plurality of upper computers and the controller based on the RS485 bus can realize the following steps:
after the controller 1 is electrified, broadcasting all data to the upper computer 2;
the controller 1 actively broadcasts the changed data;
the controller 1 responds to the command of the upper computer 2 for requesting all data;
the controller 1 responds to a command of writing a value by the upper computer 2;
the controller 1 and the upper computer 2 respectively carry out CRC (cyclic redundancy check) on all data of the local computer, the two sides are inconsistent, and the controller 1 broadcasts all data again;
the upper computer 2 writes the value and adopts the message queue, guarantee the command of the write value is not lost.
The application also discloses a rapid communication method of the plurality of upper computers and the controller based on the RS485 bus, which comprises the operation steps of the controller 1 and the operation steps of the upper computer 2.
The operation steps of the controller 1 are as follows:
s11, the controller 1 is connected with the upper computer 2 through a 485 bus 3 to power up a system;
s12, the controller 1 broadcasts all data to a plurality of upper computers 2 once;
s13, calculating all data CRC check values of the controller 1;
s14, checking whether the data has change or not, and broadcasting the change data;
s15, sending data CRC check data and station numbers of the upper computers 2 (if 20 upper computers exist, the station numbers are 1-20 and are sent in a circulating way in sequence);
s16: judging whether the corresponding upper computer replies or not, if the upper computer does not reply, jumping to S111, and if the upper computer does not reply, processing the upper computer by timeout;
s17, the upper computer replies, judges whether the recovered heartbeat packet is the heartbeat packet, and directly jumps to S13 to execute the step if the recovered heartbeat packet is the heartbeat packet;
s18, if not, judging whether the heartbeat packet is the writing value data, and if so, executing writing value processing;
s19: if the data is neither the heartbeat packet nor the write value data, judging whether all data commands are requested, and if the data commands are requested, directly jumping to execute S12;
s110: if the data is not the heartbeat packet, the written value data is not the data, and all data commands are not requested, the exception is replied, and S111 is carried out according to the exception;
and S111, entering the step, namely that the upper computer does not reply or replies an exception, and entering S13 after processing according to the exception processing, and carrying out the next processing.
In summary, after the controller 1 is connected with the upper computer 2 through 485, for powering up the system, the controller 1 broadcasts all data to the upper computer 2 once, then enters a circulation running state, and at first calculates CRC check values of the data, then checks whether the data has changes, broadcasts the changed data to the upper computer 2, only transmits the changed values, thus the data frame is very short, and is broadcast and transmitted, all the upper computers 2 simultaneously receive the data, and the real-time performance and the consistency are very high; after the changed data is sent, the CRC check value of the data of the controller 1 and the current target station number are sent, the upper computer 2 receives the data frame, the upper computer 2 of the target station number returns a heartbeat packet or requests the packet besides checking whether the data of the upper computer 2 is consistent with the data of the controller 1, and other upper computers 2 only check whether the data of the upper computer 2 is consistent with the data of the controller 1 and do not send the data to a 485 bus; the controller 1 makes a corresponding response by judging whether the corresponding upper computer 2 has a reply or not.
The operation steps of the upper computer 2 are as follows:
s21: the controller 1 is connected with the upper computer 2 through 485 to power on the system;
s22, the upper computer 2 is quietly waiting;
s23, judging whether broadcast data sent by the controller 1 is received within the timeout period, if not, performing timeout processing, and executing S22 after the processing;
s24, receiving data, judging whether the data is a data frame, executing S27 if the data is a data frame, and executing S25 if the data is not a data frame;
s25: judging whether the message station number is consistent with the station number of the upper computer 2 or not, and executing S26; inconsistent, execution S28;
s26, judging whether the upper computer 2 is powered on for the first time, if so, requesting the controller 1 to broadcast all data, and then executing S22; if not, performing S210;
s27, recording the data packet broadcasted by the controller;
s28, performing CRC (cyclic redundancy check) on all data by the upper computer 2;
s29, whether the upper computer 2 has a writing value request or not, sending writing value data into a writing value message queue, setting a writing value flag bit, then executing S22, and directly entering S22 without the writing value request;
s210, comparing the CRC check value of the received data frame with the CRC check value of all data of the upper computer 2, requesting the controller 1 to broadcast all data if the CRC is inconsistent, and then executing S22; CRC comparison is consistent, S211 is executed;
s211: judging whether the host computer 2 needs to send the writing value data frames or not, and sending writing data from the message queue one by one after the writing data are needed, and executing S22 after the writing data are sent; the write value data frame does not need to be transmitted, and S212 is executed;
s212, directly replying to the heartbeat packet without sending the writing data, and then executing S22.
In summary, the controller 1 is connected with the upper computer 2 through 485, after the upper computer 2 is powered on, the upper computer 2 is quietly waiting, whether broadcast data sent by the controller 1 is received or not is judged within the timeout period, if the broadcast data is not received, timeout processing is carried out, whether the broadcast data is a data frame or not is judged through a frame header, the data frame is a data packet broadcast by the controller is recorded, the data frame is not, whether the target station number of a message is consistent with the station number of the upper computer 2 or not is judged, if the target station number of the message is consistent with the station number of the upper computer 2, the upper computer 2 can send a request or reply a heartbeat packet, at the moment, the upper computer 2 checks a primary power-on flag bit, whether the upper computer 2 is powered on for the first time is judged, and if the broadcast data is not sent by the controller 1 for the first time is requested, and the aim of synchronizing data with the controller 1 after the power-on is achieved; if the message target station number is inconsistent with the station number of the upper computer 2, the upper computer 2 only carries out CRC check on all data of the upper computer 2, and the obtained check value is compared with the CRC check value which is controlled to be sent, and is inconsistent, the data is not synchronous, and if the data is abnormal, all data are requested to be synchronous to the controller 1 next time; when the target station number of the broadcast message of the controller 1 is consistent with the station number of the upper computer 2, if the local machine has no primary power-on identification, and the CRC check value of the data of the controller 1 is the same as that of the data of the upper computer 2, checking whether the data needs to be written into the controller 1 from a message queue, sending the data from the message queue after the data needs to be written, and directly replying the heartbeat packet without the need of the writing of the data.
By using the communication method provided by the application, the controller 1 only broadcasts the changed data, so that not only is a large amount of bus resources occupied by unchanged data communication saved, but also the time for the upper computer 2 to poll the controller 1 one by one is saved, and the write value of the upper computer 2 adopts a message queue, so that the write value command is ensured not to be lost; most importantly, the controller 1 and the upper computer 2 respectively carry out CRC (cyclic redundancy check) on all data of the host, the controller 1 is inconsistent with the upper computer 2, the controller 1 can broadcast all data again, and the consistency of the data of the controller 1 and the upper computer 2 is ensured. On the premise of ensuring data consistency, the communication speed of the upper computer 2 and the controller 1 can be greatly improved, and the response time of the whole system is improved.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, so: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the application should be covered in the scope of protection of the application.
Claims (4)
1. A rapid communication method of a plurality of upper computers and controllers based on an RS485 bus is characterized in that: a plurality of upper computers and controller quick communication structures based on RS485 bus include: the system comprises a controller (1) and a plurality of upper computers (2), wherein the upper computers (2) are used for displaying data in the controller (1) and changing the data in the controller (1), the upper computers (2) are connected with the controller (1) through a 485 bus (3), the data are transmitted on the 485 bus (3), and all the upper computers (2) have corresponding unique station numbers;
the controller broadcasts the changed data to all the upper computers (2);
the controller (1) performs the steps of:
powering up the system;
the controller (1) broadcasts all data to a plurality of upper computers (2) once;
checking whether the data of the controller (1) has changes or not, and broadcasting the changed data to the upper computer (2) by the changed data;
the controller (1) sends a station number of one upper computer (2);
judging whether the corresponding upper computer (2) replies or not, if the upper computer (2) does not reply, not replying according to the overtime;
if the upper computer (2) replies, judging whether a heartbeat packet is replied, if so, jumping to: checking whether the data of the controller (1) has changes or not, and broadcasting the changed data to the upper computer (2) by the changed data;
if the data is not the heartbeat packet, judging whether the data is the writing value data, and if the data is the writing value data, executing writing value processing;
if the data is neither the heartbeat packet nor the write value data, judging whether all the data commands are requested, if the data commands are requested, directly skipping to execute: the controller (1) broadcasts all data to a plurality of upper computers (2) once;
if the data is not a heartbeat packet, is not written value data, is not a request for all data commands, replying to an exception, and processing according to the exception;
the processing of not replying according to the overtime and the processing of not replying according to the exception are continued to be executed: checking whether the data of the controller (1) has changes or not, and broadcasting the changed data to the upper computer (2) by the changed data;
the controller (1) and the upper computer (2) respectively perform CRC (cyclic redundancy check) on all data of the host computer;
the execution steps of the upper computer (2) are as follows:
s21: powering up the system;
s22, the upper computer (2) is silent and waits;
s23, judging whether broadcast data sent by the controller (1) is received or not within the timeout period, if not, performing timeout processing, and executing S22 after the processing;
s24, receiving data, judging whether the data is a data frame, executing S27 if the data is a data frame, and executing S25 if the data is not a data frame;
s25: judging whether the message station number is consistent with the station number of the upper computer (2), and executing S26; inconsistent, executing S29;
s26, judging whether the upper computer (2) is powered on for the first time, if so, requesting the controller (1) to broadcast all data, and then executing S22; if not, performing S211;
s27, recording data broadcasted by the controller;
s29, whether the upper computer (2) has a write value request or not, carrying out write value data processing on the write value request, then executing S22, and directly entering S22 without the write value request;
s211: judging whether the upper computer (2) needs to send a write value data frame or not, if so, sending write data, and executing S22 after the sending is finished; the write value data frame does not need to be transmitted, and S212 is executed;
s212, directly replying to the heartbeat packet without sending the write data, and then executing S22;
and the controller (1) and the upper computer (2) respectively perform CRC (cyclic redundancy check) on all data of the host computer.
2. The RS485 bus-based rapid communication method between a plurality of upper computers and a controller according to claim 1, wherein before checking whether the data of the controller (1) has a change, the method further comprises: and calculating all data CRC check values of the controller (1), and sending the CRC check values of all data by the controller (1) while sending the station number of one upper computer (2).
3. The rapid communication method between a plurality of upper computers and a controller based on an RS485 bus according to claim 1, wherein the rapid communication method is characterized in that: the upper computer (2) executes the steps, and before S29, the method further comprises:
s28, performing CRC (cyclic redundancy check) on all data by the upper computer (2);
and, in addition, the method comprises the steps of,
s29, whether the upper computer (2) has a write value request or not, carrying out write value data processing on the write value request, then executing S22, and directly entering S22 without the write value request;
s210, comparing the CRC check value of the received data frame with the CRC check value of all data of the upper computer (2), requesting the controller (1) to broadcast all data when the CRC is inconsistent, and then executing S22; CRC comparison is consistent, S211 is executed;
and, in addition, the method comprises the steps of,
the step S25: judging whether the message station number is consistent with the station number of the upper computer (2), and executing S26; and S28 is executed if the two values are inconsistent.
4. The rapid communication method between a plurality of upper computers and a controller based on an RS485 bus according to claim 1, wherein the rapid communication method is characterized in that:
s29, a write value request is provided, write value data is sent to a write value message queue, and a write value flag bit is set;
in S211, if it is determined that the host computer (2) needs to transmit the write-value data frame, it needs to transmit the write-value data from the message queue one by one.
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