CN114244679A - Layered control method for communication network of virtual power plant under cloud-edge-end architecture - Google Patents
Layered control method for communication network of virtual power plant under cloud-edge-end architecture Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a virtual power plant communication network layered control method under a cloud-edge-end architecture, which comprises the following steps: s1, designing a virtual power plant cloud-edge-end architecture, which comprises terminal equipment, an edge server and a cloud management and control platform; the edge server comprises a pipeline communication system; s2, modeling a virtual power plant service information flow, analyzing a logic relation between a virtual power plant information model and a traditional SG-CIM model, and removing a redundant information model; s3, performing communication index mapping between multiple main bodies of the virtual power plant in a multi-service scene, and mapping key service indexes of the virtual power plant to communication indexes to form typical service communication indexes of the virtual power plant; s4, realizing virtual power plant communication network layered control by adopting a multi-agent virtual power plant layered control method; the invention can solve the problems of dimension disaster and communication related to the application in cloud computing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of virtual power plant communication, in particular to a layered control method for a virtual power plant communication network under a cloud-edge-end architecture.
Background
The Virtual Power Plant (VPP) is used as an effective means for aggregating Flexible Resources (FRs), energy collection, energy storage, energy supply and energy utilization can be realized without changing respective grid-connected modes and geographical positions of the FRs by means of advanced communication, metering, control and other technologies, the FRs and an electric power system are effectively connected, resource integration and distribution are realized, the VPP is gradually used as an aggregation entity to participate in the operation of distributed energy in an electric power wholesale market, and the VPP is an important way for realizing interaction and intellectualization of an intelligent power grid on an energy supply and demand side. Compared with the traditional power plant with single transverse energy composition, the virtual power plant incorporates a large amount of renewable energy, stored energy, controllable load and other distributed energy, breaks monopoly from the aspect of system, and constructs a power plant architecture combining transverse multiple complementation and longitudinal source network charge-storage coordination. In addition, various services such as energy balance, reactive/voltage support, rotation standby, frequency regulation, blocking management and the like can be provided for the power grid by utilizing respective advantages of different FRs, and certain economic value is shown.
Under the environment of energy Internet, the distributed resources have the characteristics of large total quantity, small single-point capacity, various characteristics and dispersed space. If the resources are directly subjected to centralized regulation and control, extremely high information access cost can be generated, the cloud computing also faces the problem of dimension disaster, and meanwhile, the privacy protection of users is not facilitated. Therefore, the reasonable cloud-edge-end architecture is designed, and is the key for reducing the access cost and avoiding the dimension disaster of cloud computing.
Under the cloud-edge-end architecture, "communication" is one of the other key issues of a virtual power plant. From the perspective of communication, on one hand, a communication network is required to provide enough large bandwidth and enough small time delay, so that the transmission reliability of the existing service and the long-range service of the virtual power plant is guaranteed; on the other hand, a communication network is required to have an endogenous safety capability, and channel-level safety protection is provided for massive differentiated energy access and virtual power plant information interaction. The virtual power plant has higher requirements on the flexible scheduling capability, the differentiated service guarantee capability, the unified management and control capability and the network compatibility capability of the communication network, the virtual power plant has the development situation that the regional distribution is wide, the information interaction is frequent and the control extends to the tip in the future, and the traditional network is difficult to adapt.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a virtual power plant communication network hierarchical control method under a cloud-edge-end architecture, which can solve the problems of dimension disaster and communication related to the application in cloud computing.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A communication network hierarchical control method for a virtual power plant under a cloud-edge-end architecture comprises the following steps:
s1, designing a virtual power plant cloud-edge-end architecture, which comprises terminal equipment, an edge server and a cloud management and control platform; the edge server comprises a pipeline communication system;
s2, modeling a virtual power plant service information flow, analyzing a logic relation between a virtual power plant information model and a traditional SG-CIM model, and removing a redundant information model;
s3, performing communication index mapping between multiple main bodies of the virtual power plant in a multi-service scene, and mapping key service indexes of the virtual power plant to communication indexes to form typical service communication indexes of the virtual power plant;
and S4, realizing the virtual power plant communication network hierarchical control by adopting a multi-agent virtual power plant hierarchical control method.
In the step S1, the physical aggregation, information transmission, and resource regulation of the flexible resource FRs for constructing the virtual power plant are divided into three parts, so as to obtain a basic structure of the virtual power plant VPP under the cloud edge architecture, where the basic structure includes a terminal device, an edge server including a pipeline communication system, and a cloud management and control platform. Under the cloud side architecture, the VPP performs data processing on the network edge close to the FRs information source of the flexible resources by using the edge server, gathers and disperses the resources, sends the data to the cloud control platform through the network pipeline, schedules the resource cluster by means of cloud computing, interacts with a power grid scheduling center and a transaction center, and issues an optimization instruction to the edge server.
In the step S2, on the basis of the service information acquisition and interaction demand analysis of the virtual power plant, a virtual power plant information model is established for the problem of information model loss in the virtual power plant by an international electrotechnical commission common information model IEC CIM and a national power grid company unified data model SG-CIM; and then analyzing the logical relationship between the virtual power plant information model and the traditional SG-CIM model, removing redundant information models and obtaining a new virtual power plant information model.
The virtual power plant service information acquisition and interaction demand analysis is to collect information options required by different objects of a virtual power plant when participating in new energy consumption, peak clipping and valley filling, frequency modulation, pressure regulation and interruptible load control of a power grid, subdivide the information options of the acquired objects into general information and special information items, compare which information options can be acquired by the existing power grid system on the basis of subdivision, classify and integrate information, and determine information flow directions between different systems and platforms;
different objects of the virtual power plant comprise user side loads, distributed power supplies, electric automobiles and energy storage devices; the information options comprise energy information and trend information; the energy information comprises electric energy and heat energy;
the general information item comprises equipment delivery information, equipment affiliated user information and equipment automation capacity information;
the special information items comprise equipment working modes, equipment running states, equipment rated parameters, equipment real-time information, equipment prediction parameters, equipment running modes and equipment response capabilities.
In step S3, determining parameters that are affected in each link when the virtual power plant service is implemented when communication indexes change under different service scenarios, and analyzing key communication indexes that affect the service level when multiple virtual power plant subjects interact with each other, and the degree of the key communication indexes; on the basis, the key business indexes of the multiple subjects are mapped to the communication indexes to form the communication indexes of the typical business of the virtual power plant.
In the step S3, the virtual power plant typical services include power frequency modulation, power peak shaving, large power grid stability control, clean energy consumption, and power market trading;
the communication indexes of the typical service of the virtual power plant are an index set comprising basic information transmission bandwidth, access terminal number, channel number, section flow, transmission delay, reliability and safety;
in the step S3, mapping the multi-subject key service indicators into the communication indicators means that a mapping relationship from the communication indicators to the service level is established by analyzing the influence of the communication indicators under different space-time scales on the operation safety, operation stability, operation reliability and operation economy of different virtual power plant service scenes, and the influence degree of the communication indicators on the service level of the virtual power plant is finally given quantitatively or qualitatively by representing the internal influence mechanism of the indicators and the service by using machine learning or a traditional mathematical analytic expression.
The virtual power plant comprises a novel virtual power plant transaction operation form capable of meeting the requirements of an energy internet and an electric power internet of things, a control object of the virtual power plant comprises multiple distributed energy sources, an energy storage system, a controllable load and an electric vehicle, in the step S4, a communication system framework of the virtual power plant is designed according to the multi-level business requirements of the virtual power plant, a multi-agent virtual power plant layered control method is adopted, the virtual power plant communication network layered control is achieved, and the distributed energy sources are coordinately controlled.
In step S4, the communication system architecture of the virtual power plant includes a sensing layer, an access layer, a backbone layer, a control center, and a scheduling center.
The method for the layered control of the virtual power plant communication network is used for realizing the coordination control and the energy optimization management of the virtual power plant through the two-way communication among all agents, thereby overcoming the limitation of the existing distributed control method and meeting the requirements of plug and play and flexible change of the running state of the virtual power plant.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the cloud-edge-end cooperative virtual power plant architecture provides support for solving the problem of coordination of internal resources of a regional energy system with strong uncertainty and complex energy coupling, provides an idea for coping with high dynamic, high dimensionality and multi-mode operation flexibility of an energy Internet, and lays a foundation for realizing effective energy distribution and energy use dispersion.
2. Hierarchical control can be realized.
The invention can simulate a virtual power plant by cloud computing, and can solve the problems of dimension disaster and communication related to the application in the cloud computing.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cloud-side architecture of a virtual power plant;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-objective hierarchical control logic of a virtual power plant communication network;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a virtual power plant communication network architecture design;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a multi-agent based virtual power plant layered architecture.
Detailed Description
As shown in the figure, the method for controlling the communication network hierarchy of the virtual power plant under the cloud-edge-end architecture comprises the following steps:
s1, designing a virtual power plant cloud-edge-end architecture, which comprises terminal equipment, an edge server and a cloud management and control platform; the edge server comprises a pipeline communication system;
s2, modeling a virtual power plant service information flow, analyzing a logic relation between a virtual power plant information model and a traditional SG-CIM model, and removing a redundant information model;
s3, performing communication index mapping between multiple main bodies of the virtual power plant in a multi-service scene, and mapping key service indexes of the virtual power plant to communication indexes to form typical service communication indexes of the virtual power plant;
and S4, realizing the virtual power plant communication network hierarchical control by adopting a multi-agent virtual power plant hierarchical control method.
In the step S1, the physical aggregation, information transmission, and resource regulation of the flexible resource FRs for constructing the virtual power plant are divided into three parts, so as to obtain a basic structure of the virtual power plant VPP under the cloud edge architecture, where the basic structure includes a terminal device, an edge server including a pipeline communication system, and a cloud management and control platform. Under the cloud side architecture, the VPP performs data processing on the network edge close to the FRs information source of the flexible resources by using the edge server, gathers and disperses the resources, sends the data to the cloud control platform through the network pipeline, schedules the resource cluster by means of cloud computing, interacts with a power grid scheduling center and a transaction center, and issues an optimization instruction to the edge server.
In the step S2, on the basis of the service information acquisition and interaction demand analysis of the virtual power plant, a virtual power plant information model is established for the problem of information model loss in the virtual power plant by an international electrotechnical commission common information model IEC CIM and a national power grid company unified data model SG-CIM; and then analyzing the logical relationship between the virtual power plant information model and the traditional SG-CIM model, removing redundant information models and obtaining a new virtual power plant information model.
The virtual power plant service information acquisition and interaction demand analysis is to collect information options required by different objects of a virtual power plant when participating in new energy consumption, peak clipping and valley filling, frequency modulation, pressure regulation and interruptible load control of a power grid, subdivide the information options of the acquired objects into general information and special information items, compare which information options can be acquired by the existing power grid system on the basis of subdivision, classify and integrate information, and determine information flow directions between different systems and platforms;
different objects of the virtual power plant comprise user side loads, distributed power supplies, electric automobiles and energy storage devices; the information options comprise energy information and trend information; the energy information comprises electric energy and heat energy;
the general information item comprises equipment delivery information, equipment affiliated user information and equipment automation capacity information;
the special information items comprise equipment working modes, equipment running states, equipment rated parameters, equipment real-time information, equipment prediction parameters, equipment running modes and equipment response capabilities.
In step S3, determining parameters that are affected in each link when the virtual power plant service is implemented when communication indexes change under different service scenarios, and analyzing key communication indexes that affect the service level when multiple virtual power plant subjects interact with each other, and the degree of the key communication indexes; on the basis, the key business indexes of the multiple subjects are mapped to the communication indexes to form the communication indexes of the typical business of the virtual power plant.
In the step S3, the virtual power plant typical services include power frequency modulation, power peak shaving, large power grid stability control, clean energy consumption, and power market trading;
the communication indexes of the typical service of the virtual power plant are an index set comprising basic information transmission bandwidth, access terminal number, channel number, section flow, transmission delay, reliability and safety;
in the step S3, mapping the multi-subject key service indicators into the communication indicators means that a mapping relationship from the communication indicators to the service level is established by analyzing the influence of the communication indicators under different space-time scales on the operation safety, operation stability, operation reliability and operation economy of different virtual power plant service scenes, and the influence degree of the communication indicators on the service level of the virtual power plant is finally given quantitatively or qualitatively by representing the internal influence mechanism of the indicators and the service by using machine learning or a traditional mathematical analytic expression.
The virtual power plant comprises a novel virtual power plant transaction operation form capable of meeting the requirements of an energy internet and an electric power internet of things, a control object of the virtual power plant comprises multiple distributed energy sources, an energy storage system, a controllable load and an electric vehicle, in the step S4, a communication system framework of the virtual power plant is designed according to the multi-level business requirements of the virtual power plant, a multi-agent virtual power plant layered control method is adopted, the virtual power plant communication network layered control is achieved, and the distributed energy sources are coordinately controlled.
In step S4, the communication system architecture of the virtual power plant includes a sensing layer, an access layer, a backbone layer, a control center, and a scheduling center.
The method for the layered control of the virtual power plant communication network is used for realizing the coordination control and the energy optimization management of the virtual power plant through the two-way communication among all agents, thereby overcoming the limitation of the existing distributed control method and meeting the requirements of plug and play and flexible change of the running state of the virtual power plant.
Example 1:
the method in this example is shown in fig. 1, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
step 1: designing a cloud-edge-end structure of a virtual power plant.
Physical aggregation, information transmission and resource regulation of Flexible Resources (FRs) are divided into 3 parts, and a basic structure of a VPP under a cloud edge architecture is obtained, as shown in fig. 1. The overall structure comprises terminal equipment, an edge server (and a pipeline communication system) and a cloud management and control platform. Under the cloud edge architecture, a VPP performs data processing on network edges close to Flexible Resource (FRs) information sources by using an edge server, gathers and disperses resources, sends the data to a cloud control platform through a network pipeline, schedules a resource cluster by means of cloud computing, interacts with a power grid scheduling center and a transaction center, and issues an optimization instruction to the edge server.
Step 2: virtual power plant business information flow modeling
And collecting information options required by different objects of the virtual power plant, such as user side loads, distributed power supplies, electric vehicles and energy storage devices when participating in new energy consumption, peak clipping and valley filling, frequency modulation, voltage regulation and interruptible load control of the power grid. Such as energy information, power flow information, operational information, and metering information. The energy information comprises energy utilization information such as electric energy and heat energy, and the information is telepulse data in the power system; the power flow information is information such as voltage, frequency, active power, reactive power, electric energy quality and the like, namely telemetering data in the power system; the operation information refers to protection, control, system state, weather and other information in the operation of the virtual power plant, and is data recorded for remote signaling and event sequence in the power system. The dispatching information comprises control signals of the energy supply unit, the energy storage unit and the load unit, namely remote control, remote regulation, fixed value data and the like in the power system. The metering information is metering data obtained from an electric meter and a heat meter.
The information options of the collected object are subdivided into general and special information items, and the information is classified and integrated. Specifically, the general information item may include equipment factory information (e.g., a general name of the equipment, a name of a manufacturer, etc.), equipment user information (e.g., a user name, a user type, an industry in which the user is located, an electricity meter number, etc.), and equipment automation capability information (e.g., an equipment interaction protocol, a communication mode in which the equipment interacts with the outside, whether the equipment has a third-party master station platform connected thereto, etc.). The specific information items may include device operation modes (active power, reactive power, apparent power, voltage, current, power angle), device operation states (e.g., device operation, shutdown, gear state, etc.), device rated parameters (e.g., number of phases of a fan, rated wind speed, cut-in wind speed, cut-out wind speed, maximum output active power, normal operation rated voltage of the device, normal operation rated current of the device, normal operation rated frequency of the device), device real-time information (three voltages, three currents, real-time active power, real-time reactive power, and ratio of active power to apparent power of the device for real-time operation of the device), device prediction parameters, device operation modes (e.g., whether the device is controllable, whether the device is operating in a normal state, normal operation voltage fluctuation range of the device, normal operation frequency fluctuation range of the device), and device response capabilities (e.g., response time, power angle, power ratio of the device, normal operation mode, and the like, Response speed, response duration, and response unit cost, etc.). And finally, on the basis of fine division, comparing which information options can be acquired by the existing power grid system, classifying and summarizing the information options, and determining the flow direction of information flow between different systems and platforms.
And then aiming at the problem of information model loss in the virtual power plant by an international electrotechnical commission common information model (IEC CIM) and a national power grid company unified data model (SG-CIM), a new virtual power plant information model is established. And finally, analyzing the logical relationship between the virtual power plant information model and the traditional SG-CIM model, removing redundant information models, and finally obtaining a new virtual power plant information model.
Specifically, the new virtual power plant information modeling method is based on the service scene requirements regulated and controlled by the virtual power plant, common and characteristic information needing to be transmitted by different virtual power plant terminals is selected by utilizing a model such as grey relevancy analysis, and a one-to-one mapping relation between the terminal information and high-level services is determined. The method comprises the steps of providing a common and characteristic information evaluation model transmitted by typical virtual power plant equipment, selecting core transmission information content options based on the evaluation model and an information value theory, and establishing a core virtual power plant information model by using an information modeling standardization method and an expansion technology.
And further analyzing the logic relation between the newly established virtual power plant information model and the traditional SG-CIM model, and combing the association between the newly established virtual power plant information model and the traditional SG-CIM model from the aspects of domain, package and class. The newly established virtual power plant information model is ensured to have the characteristics of inheritance, paralleling, association, aggregation and the like of the basic information model. And finally, after redundancy removal, using EA software to obtain a unified virtual power plant information model, and solving the problem of interface adaptation and information model loss in the process that the virtual power plant energy terminal participates in power grid service interaction.
And step 3: and mapping communication indexes among multiple main bodies of the virtual power plant in a multi-service scene.
Typical services of the virtual power plant comprise power frequency modulation, power peak regulation, large power grid stability control, clean energy consumption and power market transaction. Aiming at the typical services of the virtual power plants, parameters of each link affected when the services of the virtual power plants are implemented when communication indexes change under different service scenes are determined, and key communication indexes which can affect service levels when interaction among multiple main bodies of the virtual power plants is analyzed, and the influence degrees of the key communication indexes are analyzed. On the basis, mapping the key business indexes into communication indexes to form typical business communication indexes of the virtual power plant.
Specifically, the typical service communication indexes of the virtual power plant include index sets such as basic information transmission bandwidth, access terminal number, channel number, section flow, transmission delay, reliability and security. A qualitative or quantitative quantification method is provided for an index set in a communication index system, so that information transmission communication index values under different services are quantified. And finally, establishing an evaluation method of the information transmission communication index, and evaluating and correcting the reasonability of the index setting according to the practical engineering application data.
The mapping of the communication indexes among the multiple main bodies of the virtual power plant is to establish a mapping relation from the communication indexes to service levels by analyzing the influence of the communication indexes under different space-time scales on the operation safety, the operation stability, the operation reliability and the operation economy of different virtual power plant service scenes, represent an internal influence mechanism of the indexes and services by using machine learning or a traditional mathematical analytic expression and finally give the influence degree of the communication indexes on the service levels of the virtual power plant quantitatively or qualitatively.
Example 2:
by adopting the method in the embodiment 1, aiming at five typical services of power frequency modulation, power peak regulation, large power grid stable control, clean energy consumption and power market transaction, the communication index mapping of the virtual power plant typical service is established as follows:
(1) electric power frequency modulation:
is characterized in that: fm services require high real-time performance, where primary fm is typically on the order of seconds or even milliseconds.
Communication network: and (3) reporting the regulation potential and the operation parameters at a terminal second level, controlling command millisecond level to be issued, counting according to 100 terminals in an 2 area every km, wherein the number of terminals participating in primary frequency modulation accounts for 30%, and the peak bandwidth required by frequency modulation is 4.8 Mbps.
Reliability: the reliability of a communication network is required to be 99.999% by primary frequency modulation; secondary frequency modulation requires that the reliability of the communication network be 99.99%.
System time delay: the primary frequency modulation requires the communication network delay to be less than 50 ms; the secondary frequency modulation requires a communication network delay of <3 s.
(2) Electric power peak regulation:
is characterized in that: the terminal deployment is similar to frequency modulation, and a large amount of related control terminal equipment is deployed in the outdoor or user-side non-controllable physical environment.
Communication network: reporting the state in the second level according to 100 terminals in each km2 area, controlling the peak regulation in the minute level and controlling the required bandwidth to be 0.82 Mbps.
Reliability: the reliability of the communication network is required to be 99.99%.
System time delay: a communication network delay of <3s is required.
(3) And (3) large power grid stability control:
is characterized in that: for frequency critical control requirements, millisecond-level fast shedding of interruptible load. And (3) cutting off interruptible loads at a second level or a minute level aiming at a management target at a demand side to realize distribution electric balance.
Communication network: in the aspect of rapidly cutting off loads at millisecond level, the communication delay is measured and calculated by 50ms according to 100 network load interactive terminals in each km2 area, and the bandwidth requirement is about 16 Mbps; in the aspect of demand side management, a polling working mechanism is adopted according to 150 demand response terminals in each km2 office area of an A + region, data is reported in a minute level, the concurrency rate is measured and calculated by 80%, and the bandwidth demand is about 2.74 Mbps. The aggregate total bandwidth requirement is 18.74 Mbps.
Reliability: the reliability of the communication network is required to be 99.999%.
System time delay: a communication network delay of <50ms is required.
(4) Clean energy consumption:
is characterized in that: the method relates to the cooperative control of various distributed power supplies, energy storage systems, controllable loads, electric vehicles and the like.
Communication network: the communication access modes and control protocols of the source, the load and the storage are different, and the research of the access of various communication modes and the unified control of multi-protocol services needs to be enhanced. The bandwidth requirement is about 2.74Mbps, calculated as 150 control terminals per km2 area.
Reliability: the reliability of the communication network is required to be 99.99%.
System time delay: a communication network delay of <3s is required.
(5) Electric power market transaction:
is characterized in that: the method relates to a large amount of sensitive data such as electric quantity and electricity price information declared by a user before bidding, user contact person identification numbers, mobile phone numbers and the like.
Communication network: the method needs to have effective channel isolation capability to ensure independent transmission of sensitive data, has non-blocking communication capability under the condition of service emergency, and supports high-frequency transactions of a large number of users. The required bandwidth is about 1.33Mbp calculated by 1000 transaction members.
Reliability: the reliability of the communication network is required to be 99.99%.
System time delay: a communication network delay of <10s is required.
And 4, step 4: a communication network hierarchical control method design of a virtual power plant.
Virtual power plant has the data acquisition cycle length, the data volume is huge and the data acquisition dimension is few scheduling problem, in order to realize the novel virtual power plant transaction operation form that energy internet and electric power thing networking required, according to the multistage business demand of virtual power plant, designs the communication system framework of virtual power plant. The control objects of the virtual power plant mainly comprise various distributed energy sources, an energy storage system, controllable loads, electric vehicles and the like. In order to realize the coordination control of all distributed energy sources, a multi-agent virtual power plant hierarchical control method is adopted to realize the communication network hierarchical control of the virtual power plant.
Specifically, the communication architecture of the virtual power plant comprises a sensing layer, an access layer, a backbone layer, a control center and a scheduling center, and the structure is shown in fig. 2.
In a communication system architecture of a virtual power plant, a sensing layer is composed of a virtual power plant acquisition and control terminal and comprises a user side energy storage device, an industrial user load, distributed photovoltaic and the like. The access layer is mainly composed of edge routers, aggregation routers, gateways and other communication equipment, and is responsible for collecting, processing and forwarding terminal data of distributed energy equipment in a jurisdiction area, the access layer equipment is downward compatible with various communication protocols and is adaptive to various sensing layer equipment, various service data information collected by the sensing layer is upwards transmitted by adopting technologies such as 230M electric power wireless private networks, 4/5G and the like, and classification marking and flow supervision are carried out on the service data, and meanwhile, the access layer has self-checking maintenance, fault alarming, abnormal self-resetting and other repair functions. The backbone layer bears a communication backbone network of a virtual power plant system, and is interconnected with a dispatching automation system and a data acquisition and monitoring system through an optical fiber Ethernet communication technology, so that real-time interaction of data such as analog quantity and state quantity of distributed energy equipment and control operation information such as remote control, remote regulation, synchronization grid connection and the like is realized. The control center is responsible for dispatching automation management such as coordinated control of multipoint distributed energy sources and an external power grid, distributed energy source power generation power distribution and control, coordinated control of distributed energy sources and an energy storage system and high-level application management such as event recording, fault isolation and man-machine interaction.
Specifically, the virtual power plant hierarchical control method based on the multiple agents realizes coordination control and energy optimization management of the virtual power plant through bidirectional communication among the agents, thereby overcoming the limitation of the existing distributed control method and meeting the requirements of plug and play and flexible change of the running state of the virtual power plant.
FIG. 3 shows a multi-objective hierarchical control logic relationship of a virtual power plant communication network. The control coordination center of the virtual power plant at the lower layer controls the power generation or power utilization units in the district, and the control coordination center of the virtual power plant at the lower layer feeds back information to the control coordination center of the virtual power plant at the upper layer, so that an integral hierarchical structure is formed. The virtual power plant also provides some ancillary services including: active frequency control, blocking management, improving power quality, reducing network loss, black start and the like. Each function requires the virtual power plant to provide different integration parameters, so in order to realize the functions, a plurality of ports for processing different problems are also required in the control of the virtual power plant, and the ports select required data from the operation information fed back by the resources accessed to the VPP. Therefore, two problems need to be considered when designing the multi-target layered control architecture of the virtual power plant communication network, firstly, the limitation of the existing distributed control method is eliminated, and secondly, the control architecture can meet the requirements of plug and play of the virtual power plant and flexible change of the running state.
In order to solve the above problems, a multi-agent virtual power plant hierarchical control architecture is adopted, as shown in fig. 4. The multi-agent system consists of a control agent, a distributed energy agent and a user agent. The control agent is responsible for monitoring and controlling system voltage and frequency and power grid faults, and the distributed energy agent stores relevant distributed energy information including distributed energy identification information, types (solar power generation, micro gas turbine power generation, fuel cells and the like), power, distributed energy availability and the like. The user agent provides real-time information for the user and monitors the load electricity consumption.
And performing coordination control on the virtual power plant based on the multi-agent system. The multi-agent system is formed by combining a plurality of independent intelligent agents capable of realizing bidirectional interactive communication, and the system is easy to control and manage by determining the role played by each agent in the system and the behavior criteria when the agents are matched with each other. Through the bidirectional communication among all agents, the coordination control and the energy optimization management of the virtual power plant can be realized. The behaviors of the agents have autonomy and independence, and can be properly changed according to the environment of the power grid so as to meet the requirement of the power grid and fully improve the utilization rate of the distributed power supply.
Claims (9)
1. A layered control method for a communication network of a virtual power plant under a cloud-edge-end architecture is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, designing a virtual power plant cloud-edge-end architecture, which comprises terminal equipment, an edge server and a cloud management and control platform; the edge server comprises a pipeline communication system;
s2, modeling a virtual power plant service information flow, analyzing a logic relation between a virtual power plant information model and a traditional SG-CIM model, and removing a redundant information model;
s3, performing communication index mapping between multiple main bodies of the virtual power plant in a multi-service scene, and mapping key service indexes of the virtual power plant to communication indexes to form typical service communication indexes of the virtual power plant;
and S4, realizing the virtual power plant communication network hierarchical control by adopting a multi-agent virtual power plant hierarchical control method.
2. The layered control method for the communication network of the virtual power plant under the cloud-edge-end architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S1, dividing physical aggregation, information transmission, and resource regulation of flexible resources FRs for constructing the virtual power plant into three parts to obtain a basic structure of a virtual power plant VPP under a cloud edge architecture, where the basic structure includes a terminal device, an edge server including a pipeline communication system, and a cloud management and control platform;
under the cloud side architecture, the VPP performs data processing on the network edge close to the FRs information source of the flexible resources by using the edge server, gathers and disperses the resources, sends the data to the cloud control platform through the network pipeline, schedules the resource cluster by means of cloud computing, interacts with a power grid scheduling center and a transaction center, and issues an optimization instruction to the edge server.
3. The layered control method for the communication network of the virtual power plant under the cloud-edge-end architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S2, on the basis of the service information acquisition and interaction demand analysis of the virtual power plant, a virtual power plant information model is established for the problem of information model loss in the virtual power plant by an international electrotechnical commission common information model IEC CIM and a national power grid company unified data model SG-CIM; and then analyzing the logical relationship between the virtual power plant information model and the traditional SG-CIM model, removing redundant information models and obtaining a new virtual power plant information model.
4. The layered control method for the communication network of the virtual power plant under the cloud-edge-end architecture according to claim 3, characterized in that: the virtual power plant service information acquisition and interaction demand analysis is to collect information options required by different objects of a virtual power plant when participating in new energy consumption, peak clipping and valley filling, frequency modulation, pressure regulation and interruptible load control of a power grid, subdivide the information options of the acquired objects into general information and special information items, compare which information options can be acquired by the existing power grid system on the basis of subdivision, classify and integrate information, and determine information flow directions between different systems and platforms;
different objects of the virtual power plant comprise user side loads, distributed power supplies, electric automobiles and energy storage devices; the information options comprise energy information and trend information; the energy information comprises electric energy and heat energy;
the general information item comprises equipment delivery information, equipment affiliated user information and equipment automation capacity information;
the special information items comprise equipment working modes, equipment running states, equipment rated parameters, equipment real-time information, equipment prediction parameters, equipment running modes and equipment response capabilities.
5. The layered control method for the communication network of the virtual power plant under the cloud-edge-end architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S3, determining parameters that are affected in each link when the virtual power plant service is implemented when communication indexes change under different service scenarios, and analyzing key communication indexes that affect the service level when multiple virtual power plant subjects interact with each other, and the degree of the key communication indexes; on the basis, the key business indexes of the multiple subjects are mapped to the communication indexes to form the communication indexes of the typical business of the virtual power plant.
6. The layered control method for the communication network of the virtual power plant under the cloud-edge-end architecture according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the step S3, the virtual power plant typical services include power frequency modulation, power peak shaving, large power grid stability control, clean energy consumption, and power market trading;
the communication indexes of the typical service of the virtual power plant are an index set comprising basic information transmission bandwidth, access terminal number, channel number, section flow, transmission delay, reliability and safety;
in the step S3, mapping the multi-subject key service indicators into the communication indicators means that a mapping relationship from the communication indicators to the service level is established by analyzing the influence of the communication indicators under different space-time scales on the operation safety, operation stability, operation reliability and operation economy of different virtual power plant service scenes, and the influence degree of the communication indicators on the service level of the virtual power plant is finally given quantitatively or qualitatively by representing the internal influence mechanism of the indicators and the service by using machine learning or a traditional mathematical analytic expression.
7. The layered control method for the communication network of the virtual power plant under the cloud-edge-end architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: the virtual power plant comprises a novel virtual power plant transaction operation form capable of meeting the requirements of an energy internet and an electric power internet of things, a control object of the virtual power plant comprises multiple distributed energy sources, an energy storage system, a controllable load and an electric vehicle, in the step S4, a communication system framework of the virtual power plant is designed according to the multi-level business requirements of the virtual power plant, a multi-agent virtual power plant layered control method is adopted, the virtual power plant communication network layered control is achieved, and the distributed energy sources are coordinately controlled.
8. The layered control method for the communication network of the virtual power plant under the cloud-edge-end architecture according to claim 7, characterized in that: in step S4, the communication system architecture of the virtual power plant includes a sensing layer, an access layer, a backbone layer, a control center, and a scheduling center.
9. The layered control method for the communication network of the virtual power plant under the cloud-edge-end architecture according to claim 8, characterized in that: the method for the layered control of the virtual power plant communication network is used for realizing the coordination control and the energy optimization management of the virtual power plant through the two-way communication among all agents, thereby overcoming the limitation of the existing distributed control method and meeting the requirements of plug and play and flexible change of the running state of the virtual power plant.
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