CN114243264A - Radar antenna and radar monitoring device for automatic driving automobile - Google Patents
Radar antenna and radar monitoring device for automatic driving automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN114243264A CN114243264A CN202111481137.XA CN202111481137A CN114243264A CN 114243264 A CN114243264 A CN 114243264A CN 202111481137 A CN202111481137 A CN 202111481137A CN 114243264 A CN114243264 A CN 114243264A
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- antenna
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- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
- H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/024—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using polarisation effects
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
Abstract
The invention provides a radar antenna and a radar monitoring device for an automatic driving automobile, wherein the radar antenna comprises an onboard patch antenna, a switching structure, an electromagnetic energy transmission channel and a waveguide slotted antenna. The on-board patch antennas are compactly distributed around the radio frequency chip according to design, so that the length of a feeder line of each patch is reduced, and the electromagnetic energy loss is reduced. In addition, the compact structure can reduce the area of the radio frequency high-frequency plate and reduce the product cost. Waveguide slot antennas can increase the antenna spacing by design to increase the radar effective aperture with little or no loss of electromagnetic energy in the electromagnetic energy transmission path. The radar antenna has the advantages of compact structure and high energy efficiency, can reduce the production cost, well solves the problems of large loss and narrow bandwidth of a feed line of the traditional radar antenna for the automatic driving automobile, and greatly increases the energy utilization rate and the bandwidth of the antenna during working.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile radar antennas, and particularly relates to a radar antenna and a radar monitoring device for an automatic driving automobile.
Background
In the field of automotive radar for autonomous driving, the antennas used are mostly microstrip antennas, as shown in fig. 1. The microstrip antenna has the advantages of easy processing, light weight, low cost and the like; it also has many disadvantages such as small bandwidth, large feeder loss at high frequencies, and increased loss with increasing feeder length.
Since the beam width of a radar antenna is closely related to the aperture of the radar, the larger the effective size of the antenna, i.e. the larger the aperture, the narrower the beam width. For automotive radar, the beam width is required to be as narrow as possible, so that more distance can be detected by concentrated energy, and clutter interference can be reduced. Meanwhile, in order to measure the target azimuth, two or more antennas are required. The requirements require that the radio frequency high-frequency board has a sufficient antenna area, which inevitably results in an increase in the area of the radio frequency high-frequency board, and the radio frequency high-frequency board has a high value, so that the product cost is greatly increased. Furthermore, the larger the radar aperture required, the longer the feed lines that make up the antenna array of the radar, resulting in excessive loss of electromagnetic energy.
Therefore, the existing radar antenna for the autonomous driving vehicle has a higher available bandwidth due to the use of the microstrip antenna
Under the narrow condition, the size of a radio frequency high-frequency plate is inevitably increased to obtain better beam width and azimuth information of a measured target, so that the product cost is greatly increased; and also causes an increase in electromagnetic energy loss.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a radar antenna and a radar monitoring device of an automatic driving automobile, which can meet the measurement requirement of the radar of the automatic driving automobile, and can increase the bandwidth, reduce the area of a plate, reduce the energy loss of a feeder line, improve the energy efficiency and reduce the product cost.
The invention is realized in this way, a radar antenna of an automatic driving automobile, comprising an onboard patch antenna, a switching structure, an electromagnetic energy transmission channel and a waveguide slot antenna;
the on-board patch antennas are distributed around the radio frequency chip, each on-board patch antenna is connected with the radio frequency chip through a channel, and the on-board patch antennas excite electromagnetic waves propagating in the electromagnetic energy transmission channel in a polarization mode of transmitted waves, so that the electromagnetic energy transmitted by the on-board patch antennas can be guided into the electromagnetic energy transmission channel;
the switching structure is used for guiding the electromagnetic energy emitted by the on-board patch antenna to the electromagnetic energy transmission channel;
the electromagnetic energy transmission channel is used for transmitting electromagnetic energy from the transition structure to the waveguide slot antenna;
the waveguide slotted antenna is a slotted area on a cavity of the electromagnetic energy transmission channel and is used for transmitting the electromagnetic energy transmitted in the electromagnetic energy transmission channel to an external space through the slotted area.
Preferably, the on-board patch antenna is a rectangular patch antenna.
Preferably, the switching structure is provided with a column protruding out of the surface of the radio frequency high-frequency board, the column is made of a metal material or a non-metal material with a metalized surface, and the column is used for strictly limiting electromagnetic energy in the column, so that the electromagnetic energy loss is reduced, and meanwhile, the radio frequency high-frequency board or a circuit device on the board is prevented from being crushed when a product is assembled.
Preferably, the electromagnetic energy transmission channel is a cavity structure, and the whole cavity structure is made of a metal material or a non-metal material with a surface subjected to metallization treatment.
The invention also provides a radar monitoring device of an automatic driving automobile, which comprises a radio frequency high-frequency plate, radio frequency chips, M radar antennas for signal transmission and N radar antennas for signal reception, wherein M, N is more than or equal to 1, and the radio frequency chips are arranged on the radio frequency high-frequency plate; the radar antenna is any one of the radar antennas; an onboard patch antenna and a switching structure of the radar antenna are arranged on the radio frequency high-frequency board; each on-board patch antenna is connected to one channel of the radio frequency chip, and the on-board patch antennas are distributed around the radio frequency chip.
Preferably, the M radar antennas for signal transmission are one module or M independent modules, and the N radar antennas for signal reception are one module and N independent modules.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the radar antenna for the automatic driving automobile, the onboard patch antennas are compactly distributed around the radio frequency chip according to the design, so that the length of a feeder line of each patch is reduced, and the electromagnetic energy loss is reduced. In addition, the compact structure can reduce the area of the radio frequency high-frequency plate and reduce the product cost. Electromagnetic energy is sent out through on-board paster antenna from the radio frequency chip, gets into the electromagnetic energy transmission passageway through the switching structure, then launches to the air in through waveguide slot antenna. The waveguide slotted antenna and the electromagnetic energy transmission channel can be made of conductive metal, can also be made of nonmetal materials by die sinking and surface metallization, and the cost can be greatly reduced when the latter method is adopted for mass production. Waveguide slot antennas can increase the antenna spacing by design to increase the radar effective aperture with little or no loss of electromagnetic energy in the electromagnetic energy transmission path.
Therefore, the radar antenna has the advantages of compact structure and high energy efficiency, can reduce the production cost, well solves the problems of large feeder loss and narrow bandwidth of the traditional radar antenna (namely a microstrip antenna) of the autopilot, and greatly increases the energy utilization rate and the bandwidth of the antenna in operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional autopilot radar antenna;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a radar antenna of an autonomous vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an on-board antenna distribution for a radar antenna of an autonomous vehicle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an adapter structure for a radar antenna of an autonomous vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic energy transmission path of a radar antenna of an autonomous vehicle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention showing a radar antenna of an autonomous vehicle distributed on a radio frequency high frequency board;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an application example of the radar monitoring apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; furthermore, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, as they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; the two components can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and the two components can be communicated with each other. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The embodiment of the invention provides a radar monitoring device of an automatic driving automobile, which comprises a radio frequency high-frequency board, radio frequency chips, M radar antennas for signal transmission and N radar antennas for signal reception, wherein M, N are all larger than or equal to 1, and the radio frequency chips are arranged on the radio frequency high-frequency board. The M radar antennas for signal transmission are one module or M independent modules, and the N radar antennas for signal reception are N independent modules.
As shown in fig. 2, the radar antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention includes an on-board patch antenna 1, a transition structure 2, an electromagnetic energy transmission channel 3, and a waveguide slot antenna 4. Each radar antenna has an independent electromagnetic energy transmission channel 3, a transition structure 2 and an on-board patch antenna 1.
The board of this embodiment carries patch antenna 1 and is the rectangle patch antenna, and radar monitoring devices's board carries patch antenna 1 quantity and radar antenna quantity the same, and the one-to-one, as shown in fig. 3, board carries patch antenna 1 and distributes around radio frequency chip 5 according to the design, and 5 the passageway all the way of radio frequency chip are connected to every board carries patch antenna 1, and it is used for carrying switching structure 2 with 5 electromagnetic energy of radio frequency chip through the feeder all the way to the electromagnetic wave that can launch and transmit in electromagnetic energy transmission passageway 3.
The adapting structure 2 is a structure for guiding electromagnetic energy emitted by the onboard patch antenna 1 to the electromagnetic energy transmission channel 3, is the same as a radar antenna unit, and corresponds to the radar antenna unit one by one. The adapting structure 2 is at the junction of guiding the electromagnetic energy emitted by the on-board patch antenna 1 to the electromagnetic energy transmission channel 3, the adapting structure 2 is provided with a column 21 protruding out of the surface of the radio frequency high-frequency board 10, the whole column 21 is made of a metal material or a non-metal material with a metalized surface, and the column 21 is used for strictly limiting the electromagnetic energy in the column 21, so that the electromagnetic energy loss is reduced, and meanwhile, the radio frequency high-frequency board 10 or circuit devices on the board are prevented from being crushed during product assembly.
As shown in fig. 5, the electromagnetic energy transmission channel 3 is a cavity structure, and the whole cavity structure is made of a metal material or a non-metal material with a surface being metallized.
The waveguide slot antenna 4 is a slot region on the cavity of the electromagnetic energy transmission channel 3, and the waveguide slot antenna 4 is used for transmitting the electromagnetic energy transmitted inside the electromagnetic energy transmission channel 3 to the external space through the slot region. As shown in fig. 2. The waveguide slotted antenna 4 is made of a metal material by opening a die or is made of a non-metal material by opening a die and then performing surface metallization treatment.
The structural design and implementation of the present invention are described below with an application example.
As shown in fig. 7, a radar monitoring device for an autonomous driving vehicle includes 4 transmitting antenna units a, 4 receiving antenna units b, 1 rf chip 5, and 1 rf high-frequency board 10. Each antenna unit comprises the waveguide slotted antenna 4, an electromagnetic energy transmission channel 3, a switching structure 2 and an on-board patch antenna 1, and the on-board patch antennas 1 are distributed around a radio frequency chip 5 according to design.
Each antenna unit has an independent electromagnetic energy transmission channel 3, a transition structure 2 and an on-board patch antenna 1. The distribution of the on-board patch antenna 1 is shown in fig. 3. Each on-board patch antenna 1 is connected to one channel of the radio frequency chip 5, and the compact design can reduce the area of the radio frequency high-frequency board 10 and the length of a feed line so as to reduce the cost and reduce the energy loss.
The interposer fabric 2 is shown in fig. 4, where a metal material column 21 or a surface-metallized non-metal material column 21 exists at the junction where electromagnetic energy emitted from the on-board patch antenna 1 is guided to the electromagnetic energy transmission channel 3.
The electromagnetic energy transmission channel 3 is shown in fig. 5 and is used to transmit electromagnetic energy from the transition structure 2 to the waveguide slot antenna 4. As shown in fig. 6, the spacing between 4 transmit antenna elements a is DTX and the spacing between 4 receive antenna elements b is DRX. DTX and DRX are integer multiples of half the wavelength of the operating wavelength. When the radar antenna works, one or more pairs of the transmitting antenna units a transmit simultaneously, and one or more pairs of the receiving antenna units b receive simultaneously, so that the motion and azimuth information of the measured object can be accurately obtained.
In conclusion, the radar antenna has the advantages of novel design, compact structure, high energy efficiency and capability of reducing the production cost, well solves the problems of large feeder loss and narrow bandwidth of the traditional autonomous automobile radar antenna (namely a microstrip antenna), and greatly increases the energy utilization rate and the bandwidth of the radar antenna. In addition, on the aspect of design thinking, the consideration of details and the advantages of the invention are that the reduction of the length of the feeder line and the column 21 at the switching structure 2 greatly improve the utilization rate of electromagnetic energy; only one radio frequency chip 5 is used, so that the bandwidth reduction caused by the linear array of the radio frequency chip 5 is avoided; meanwhile, the electromagnetic energy transmission channel 3 and the radar antenna arrangement also need to be skillfully conceived. Compared with the existing common automatic driving automobile radar antenna technology, the automatic driving automobile radar antenna has obvious technical progress, and has prominent substantive characteristics and remarkable progress.
In the embodiment of the present invention, only one rf chip 5 is used, and a plurality of rf chips 5 may be used.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The radar antenna of the automatic driving automobile is characterized by comprising an on-board patch antenna, a switching structure, an electromagnetic energy transmission channel and a waveguide slot antenna;
the on-board patch antennas are distributed around the radio frequency chip, each on-board patch antenna is connected with the radio frequency chip through a channel, and the on-board patch antennas excite electromagnetic waves propagating in the electromagnetic energy transmission channel in a polarization mode of transmitted waves, so that the electromagnetic energy transmitted by the on-board patch antennas can be guided into the electromagnetic energy transmission channel;
the switching structure is used for guiding the electromagnetic energy emitted by the on-board patch antenna to the electromagnetic energy transmission channel;
the electromagnetic energy transmission channel is used for transmitting electromagnetic energy from the transition structure to the waveguide slot antenna;
the waveguide slotted antenna is a slotted area on a cavity of the electromagnetic energy transmission channel and is used for transmitting the electromagnetic energy transmitted in the electromagnetic energy transmission channel to an external space through the slotted area.
2. The radar antenna of claim 1, wherein the on-board patch antenna is a rectangular patch antenna.
3. The radar antenna of claim 1 wherein the transition structure has a post projecting beyond the surface of the rf board, the post being entirely of a metallic material or a surface-metallized non-metallic material, the post serving to confine the electromagnetic energy tightly within the post, reducing the loss of electromagnetic energy, while preventing crushing of the rf board or the on-board circuitry when the product is assembled.
4. The radar antenna of claim 1, wherein the electromagnetic energy transmission channel is a cavity structure that is entirely of a metallic material or a surface-metallized non-metallic material.
5. A radar monitoring device of an automatic driving automobile comprises a radio frequency high-frequency board, radio frequency chips, M radar antennas for signal transmission and N radar antennas for signal reception, wherein M, N are all larger than or equal to 1, and the radio frequency chips are arranged on the radio frequency high-frequency board; characterized in that the radar antenna is the radar antenna of any one of claims 1 to 4; an onboard patch antenna and a switching structure of the radar antenna are arranged on the radio frequency high-frequency board; each on-board patch antenna is connected to one channel of the radio frequency chip, and the on-board patch antennas are distributed around the radio frequency chip.
6. The radar monitoring device as recited in claim 5, wherein the M radar antennas for signal transmission are one module or M independent modules, and the N radar antennas for signal reception are one module or N independent modules.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111481137.XA CN114243264A (en) | 2021-12-06 | 2021-12-06 | Radar antenna and radar monitoring device for automatic driving automobile |
| PCT/CN2022/077000 WO2023103180A1 (en) | 2021-12-06 | 2022-02-21 | Radar antenna for autonomous vehicle and radar monitoring device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111481137.XA CN114243264A (en) | 2021-12-06 | 2021-12-06 | Radar antenna and radar monitoring device for automatic driving automobile |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114243264A true CN114243264A (en) | 2022-03-25 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111481137.XA Pending CN114243264A (en) | 2021-12-06 | 2021-12-06 | Radar antenna and radar monitoring device for automatic driving automobile |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114243264A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023103180A1 (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005006006A (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2005-01-06 | New Japan Radio Co Ltd | Antenna device |
| JP2014075682A (en) * | 2012-10-04 | 2014-04-24 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Substrate integrated antenna module |
| US20170201028A1 (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2017-07-13 | Mimosa Networks, Inc. | Printed Circuit Board Mounted Antenna and Waveguide Interface |
| US20170352944A1 (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2017-12-07 | Intel Corporation | Apparatus and method for transmission of millimeter wave signals |
| CN108511864A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-09-07 | 西安电子科技大学 | Slot-coupled type waveguide microstrip switching device based on LTCC and preparation method |
| JP2020115619A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2020-07-30 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Waveguide/transmission line converter, waveguide slot antenna and waveguide slot array antenna |
| CN111856432A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2020-10-30 | 安波福技术有限公司 | Waveguide launcher |
-
2021
- 2021-12-06 CN CN202111481137.XA patent/CN114243264A/en active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-02-21 WO PCT/CN2022/077000 patent/WO2023103180A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005006006A (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2005-01-06 | New Japan Radio Co Ltd | Antenna device |
| JP2014075682A (en) * | 2012-10-04 | 2014-04-24 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Substrate integrated antenna module |
| US20170201028A1 (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2017-07-13 | Mimosa Networks, Inc. | Printed Circuit Board Mounted Antenna and Waveguide Interface |
| US20170352944A1 (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2017-12-07 | Intel Corporation | Apparatus and method for transmission of millimeter wave signals |
| CN108511864A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-09-07 | 西安电子科技大学 | Slot-coupled type waveguide microstrip switching device based on LTCC and preparation method |
| JP2020115619A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2020-07-30 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Waveguide/transmission line converter, waveguide slot antenna and waveguide slot array antenna |
| CN111856432A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2020-10-30 | 安波福技术有限公司 | Waveguide launcher |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2023103180A1 (en) | 2023-06-15 |
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Application publication date: 20220325 |