CN114243002A - Negative electrode material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Negative electrode material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114243002A CN114243002A CN202111353895.3A CN202111353895A CN114243002A CN 114243002 A CN114243002 A CN 114243002A CN 202111353895 A CN202111353895 A CN 202111353895A CN 114243002 A CN114243002 A CN 114243002A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/581—Chalcogenides or intercalation compounds thereof
- H01M4/5815—Sulfides
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/054—Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of secondary batteries, and particularly relates to a negative electrode material and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the negative electrode material comprises SnS2, and the SnS2 is doped with Y atoms. According to the cathode material, the SnS2 is doped by the Y source, and the prepared cathode material has a stable structure and a charge-discharge platform, and has high capacity and good cycle performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of secondary batteries, and particularly relates to a negative electrode material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The transition metal disulfide has the characteristics of higher specific capacity, good mechanical stability, excellent conductivity, lower oxidation-reduction potential and the like, and is widely applied to actual life and commercial development. Of the numerous transition metal chalcogenides, the most typical representative is SnS2。SnS2Has a large interlayer spacing (0.589nm), which is much larger than the radius of lithium ions (radius of lithium ions: 0.076nm), thereby facilitating reversible deintercalation of lithium ions. At the same time, SnS2The typical metal sulfide has a CdI2 type hexagonal structure, a single Sn atom and six S atoms in each layer are combined, the atoms in each layer are combined with each other through covalent bonds, and the interaction force between the layers is weak Van der Waals force, which easily causes two aspects of functions: on one hand, the lithium ion battery is beneficial to the insertion and extraction of lithium and sodium ions to a certain extent; on the other hand, the structure of the alloy becomes unstable in frequent de-intercalation process due to weak interlayer bonding force, and large volume expansion effect is inevitable in alloying reaction, so that SnS is caused2The cycle performance of (c) is poor. Because of SnS2There are the above-mentioned disadvantages, so that SnS2Is not suitable for being directly used as a cathode material of a lithium ion battery, and further exploration and improvement are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the objects of the present invention is: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the negative electrode material is provided, and the Y source pair SnS is used2The prepared cathode material has a stable structure and a charge-discharge platform, and has high capacity and good cycle performance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an anode material comprises SnS2Said SnS2Doped with Y atoms. SnS prepared by Y atom doping method2The material has the characteristics of good structural stability, high capacity, stable discharge platform and the like,
the second purpose of the invention is: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the preparation method of the cathode material is provided, and has the advantages of simple and easy process, lower cost and good controllability.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of the anode material comprises the following steps:
step S1, mixing the Sn source, the S source and the Y source to obtain a premix;
and step S2, heating and calcining the premix to obtain the negative electrode material.
To SnS2The electrochemical performance of the Y-atom doped crystal can be effectively improved. In one aspect, Y atom doping can modulate SnS2The electronic structure and crystal configuration of (a); on the other hand, Y atom doping can be in SnS2Generates vacancy defects to provide space for rapid insertion and extraction of lithium and sodium ions, and can increase SnS2The activity of (1) is inserted into the lithium position and the sodium position. The preparation process of the invention has simple and easy process and lower cost, and effectively improves SnS2Poor conductivity and cycling stability, improved battery rate performance and long service life.
As an improvement of a preparation method of a negative electrode material, the weight part ratio of the Sn source to the S source to the Y source is 10-15: 2-8: 0.5-2.5.
As an improvement of the preparation method of the cathode material, the heating and calcining temperature is 150-250 ℃, and the calcining time is 10-12 h.
As an improvement of the preparation method of the cathode material, the Sn source is SnCl2·2H2O or Sn (CH)3CO2)4。
As an improvement of the preparation method of the anode material, the S source is (NH)2)2CS or (C)6H5CH2S)2。
As an improvement of the preparation method of the cathode material, the Y source is Y2O3Or Y (NO)3)3。
The third purpose of the invention is that: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the negative plate has the advantages of good electrochemical performance, stable structure, good safety and long service life.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the negative plate comprises a negative current collector and a negative active material layer arranged on at least one surface of the negative current collector, wherein the negative active material layer comprises the negative material.
The fourth purpose of the invention is that: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the secondary battery is provided, and has good structural stability, higher capacity and stable charging and discharging platform.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a secondary battery comprises the negative plate. Specifically, a secondary battery, includes positive plate, negative plate, diaphragm, electrolyte and casing, the diaphragm is used for separating positive plate with the negative plate, the casing is used for installing positive plate, negative plate, electrolyte and diaphragm. The secondary battery may be a lithium ion battery, a sodium ion battery, a magnesium ion battery, or the like.
The fifth purpose of the invention is that: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the battery pack is good in safety performance and long in service life.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a battery pack comprises a plurality of secondary batteries, wherein the secondary batteries are electrically connected with each other, and the secondary batteries are the secondary batteries. The battery pack comprises a plurality of secondary batteries which are properly selected and assembled and are electrically connected, and has larger battery capacity, good safety and long service life.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention discloses a negative electrode material, which uses a Y source pair SnS2The prepared cathode material has a stable structure and a charge-discharge platform, and has high capacity and good cycle performance.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and comparative examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
1) SnCl4·5H2O and CH3CSNH2(Thioacetamide) and Y3Cl2O(OH)5Dissolving the materials in anhydrous ethanol according to the weight part ratio of 13:5:1.4, and then stirring for 4 hours;
2) pouring the solution prepared in the previous step onto carbon paper in a high-pressure reaction kettle, putting the carbon paper into an oven after packaging, and reacting at the high temperature of 160 ℃ for 12 hours;
3) after the reaction kettle is naturally cooled to room temperature, taking out the carbon paper, respectively ultrasonically cleaning the carbon paper for 3 times by using clean distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and removing a powder sample remained on the surface;
4) then the mixture is put into a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ to be dried for 12 hours to prepare a negative electrode material YxSnS2。
Example 2
1) Sn (CH)3CO2)4And CH3CSNH2(Thioacetamide) and Y3Cl2O(OH)5Dissolving the materials in absolute ethyl alcohol according to the weight part ratio of 14:3:1.8, and then stirring for 4 hours;
2) pouring the solution prepared in the previous step onto carbon paper in a high-pressure reaction kettle, putting the carbon paper into an oven after packaging, and reacting at the high temperature of 160 ℃ for 12 hours;
3) after the reaction kettle is naturally cooled to room temperature, taking out the carbon paper, respectively ultrasonically cleaning the carbon paper for 3 times by using clean distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and removing a powder sample remained on the surface;
4) then the mixture is put into a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ to be dried for 12 hours to prepare a negative electrode material YxSnS2。
Example 3
1) Sn (CH)3CO2)4And (NH)2)2CS and Y3Cl2O(OH)5Dissolving the materials in anhydrous ethanol according to the weight part ratio of 13:5:2.2, and then stirring for 4 hours;
2) pouring the solution prepared in the previous step onto carbon paper in a high-pressure reaction kettle, putting the carbon paper into an oven after packaging, and reacting at the high temperature of 160 ℃ for 12 hours;
3) after the reaction kettle is naturally cooled to room temperature, taking out the carbon paper, respectively ultrasonically cleaning the carbon paper for 3 times by using clean distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and removing a powder sample remained on the surface;
4) followed byDrying in a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ for 12h to obtain the cathode material YxSnS2。
Example 4
1) Sn (CH)3CO2)4And (NH)2)2CS and Y2O3Dissolving the materials in absolute ethyl alcohol according to the weight part ratio of 12:7:2.5, and then stirring for 4 hours;
2) pouring the solution prepared in the previous step onto carbon paper in a high-pressure reaction kettle, putting the carbon paper into an oven after packaging, and reacting at the high temperature of 160 ℃ for 12 hours;
3) after the reaction kettle is naturally cooled to room temperature, taking out the carbon paper, respectively ultrasonically cleaning the carbon paper for 3 times by using clean distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and removing a powder sample remained on the surface;
4) then the mixture is put into a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ to be dried for 12 hours to prepare a negative electrode material YxSnS2。
Example 5
1) Sn (CH)3CO2)4And (NH)2)2CS and Y (NO)3)3Dissolving the materials in absolute ethyl alcohol according to the weight part ratio of 10:8:1.4, and then stirring for 4 hours;
2) pouring the solution prepared in the previous step onto carbon paper in a high-pressure reaction kettle, putting the carbon paper into an oven after packaging, and reacting at the high temperature of 160 ℃ for 12 hours;
3) after the reaction kettle is naturally cooled to room temperature, taking out the carbon paper, respectively ultrasonically cleaning the carbon paper for 3 times by using clean distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and removing a powder sample remained on the surface;
4) then the mixture is put into a vacuum oven at 60 ℃ to be dried for 12 hours to prepare a negative electrode material YxSnS2。
Example 6
The difference from example 1 is that: the weight part ratio of the Sn source to the S source to the Y source is 13:5:2.
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Example 7
The difference from example 1 is that: the weight part ratio of the Sn source to the S source to the Y source is 13:5: 2.5.
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Example 8
The difference from example 1 is that: the weight part ratio of the Sn source to the S source to the Y source is 13:2: 1.4.
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Example 9
The difference from example 1 is that: the weight part ratio of the Sn source to the S source to the Y source is 13:3: 1.4.
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Example 10
The difference from example 1 is that: the weight part ratio of the Sn source to the S source to the Y source is 10:5: 1.4.
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that: SnCl4·5H2O and CH3CSNH2(thioacetamide) is dissolved in absolute ethyl alcohol according to the weight portion ratio of 13: 5.
The rest is the same as embodiment 1, and the description is omitted here.
And (3) performance testing: using the negative electrode materials prepared in examples 1 to 10 to prepare secondary batteries, and using sodium ion batteries as an example, the prepared Y was usedxSnS2And SnS2The material is fully dried and is completely put into a glove box after repeated vacuum pumping, wherein a carbon paper disc growing active substances is taken as a negative electrode, an aluminum foil is taken as a positive electrode, and an electrolyte is NaClO with 1mol/L EC/DMC (volume ratio of 1:1) + 5% FEC as a solvent4The solution and the membrane are oil-based films.
(1) Basic properties: the particle size Dv50, true density, tap density of the lithium ion battery negative electrode materials of examples 1-10 and comparative example 1 were tested and compared.
As table 1 basic performance test results:
TABLE 1
Group of | Particle size Dv50/um | True density (g/cm)3) | Tap density (g/cm)3) |
Example 1 | 11.4 | 2.23 | 0.93 |
Example 2 | 11.2 | 2.22 | 0.92 |
Example 3 | 11.3 | 2.21 | 0.91 |
Example 4 | 10.9 | 2.23 | 0.92 |
Example 5 | 11.0 | 2.21 | 0.93 |
Example 6 | 11.2 | 2.21 | 0.92 |
Example 7 | 10.9 | 2.23 | 0.91 |
Example 8 | 11.2 | 2.22 | 0.92 |
Example 9 | 11.3 | 2.21 | 0.93 |
Example 10 | 11.1 | 2.22 | 0.93 |
Comparative example 1 | 12.5 | 2.23 | 0.99 |
As can be seen from table 1, the negative electrode materials of examples 1 to 10 have true densities close to those of comparative example 1, the true densities are slightly lower than those of comparative example 1, and the particle diameters Dv50 are slightly lower than those of comparative example 1.
(2) Electrical properties: the lithium ion batteries of examples 1-10 and comparative example 1 had discharge capacities/mAh and primary efficiencies/%, 80% SOC time/min.
As table 2 electrical property test results:
TABLE 2
Group of | Discharge capacity/mAh | Multiplying power of charging | First efficiency/%) | 80% SOC time/min |
Example 1 | 5558 | 3.0C | 91.85% | 8.3 |
Example 2 | 5538 | 3.0C | 91.38% | 7.8 |
Example 3 | 5543 | 3.0C | 91.62% | 7.6 |
Example 4 | 5535 | 3.0C | 91.37% | 7.8 |
Example 5 | 5536 | 3.0C | 91.42% | 7.6 |
Example 6 | 5540 | 3.0C | 91.38% | 7.8 |
Example 7 | 5537 | 3.0C | 91.32% | 7.7 |
Example 8 | 5538 | 3.0C | 91.43% | 7.6 |
Example 9 | 5480 | 3.0C | 91.39% | 7.2 |
Example 10 | 5480 | 3.0C | 91.42% | 7.3 |
Comparative example 1 | 5400 | 3.0C | 89.42% | 6.0 |
As can be seen from the above Table 2, the discharge rate of the negative electrode materials of examples 1 to 10 is higher than that of comparative example 1 by more than 2.64%, and 80% SOC charge time is more than 2.3min, which indicates that the Y atom is doped with SnS2The conductivity of the material and the rate capability of the material are improved. Comparing the embodiments 1 and 6-10, when the weight part ratio of the Sn source to the S source to the Y source is 13:5:1.4, namely the embodiment 1, the prepared lithium ion battery has better performance, the discharge capacity is up to 5558mAh, the first efficiency is 91.85%, the 80% SOC time is 8.3min, the battery has a stable structure and a charge-discharge platform, the capacity is high, and the service life is long.
Variations and modifications to the above-described embodiments may also occur to those skilled in the art, which fall within the scope of the invention as disclosed and taught herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any obvious improvement, replacement or modification made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (10)
1. The negative electrode material is characterized by comprising SnS2Said SnS2Doped with Y atoms.
2. The preparation method of the anode material according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step S1, mixing the Sn source, the S source and the Y source to obtain a premix;
and step S2, heating and calcining the premix to obtain the negative electrode material.
3. The method for preparing the negative electrode material of claim 2, wherein the weight ratio of the Sn source to the S source to the Y source is 10-15: 2-8: 0.5-2.5.
4. The preparation method of the anode material according to claim 2, wherein the heating and calcining temperature is 150-250 ℃, and the calcining time is 10-12 h.
5. The method for preparing the negative electrode material according to claim 2, wherein the Sn source is SnCl2·2H2O or Sn (CH)3CO2)4。
6. The method for producing the anode material according to claim 2, wherein the S source is (NH)2)2CS or (C)6H5CH2S)2。
7. The method for preparing the anode material according to claim 2, wherein the Y source is Y2O3Or Y (NO)3)3。
8. A negative electrode sheet comprising a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer provided on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector, the negative electrode active material layer comprising the negative electrode material according to claim 1.
9. A secondary battery comprising the negative electrode sheet according to claim 8.
10. A battery pack characterized by comprising a plurality of secondary batteries electrically connected to each other, the secondary batteries being the secondary battery according to claim 9.
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CN104124451A (en) * | 2013-04-27 | 2014-10-29 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Lithium-ion-battery cathode active material, preparation method thereof, cathode and battery |
CN108807972A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-13 | 重庆大学 | A kind of nickelic lithium electricity positive electrode of rare earth doped element modified ternary and preparation method thereof |
CN112794377A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2021-05-14 | 兰州理工大学 | Rare earth doped transition metal sulfide/carbon composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
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2021
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CN101013751A (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2007-08-08 | 王海波 | Ball-shaped lithium-ion battery anode material doped with rare earth and method for making same |
CN102088087A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2011-06-08 | 华南师范大学 | Lithium ion battery anode material doped with rare earth elements and preparation method thereof |
CN103094562A (en) * | 2012-11-06 | 2013-05-08 | 西北工业大学 | Preparation method of stannic sulfide/rare-earth metal negative pole material for lithium ion battery |
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