CN114242329A - Intelligent medium-voltage power cable and test system and test method thereof - Google Patents

Intelligent medium-voltage power cable and test system and test method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114242329A
CN114242329A CN202111447625.9A CN202111447625A CN114242329A CN 114242329 A CN114242329 A CN 114242329A CN 202111447625 A CN202111447625 A CN 202111447625A CN 114242329 A CN114242329 A CN 114242329A
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China
Prior art keywords
cable
layer
temperature
vibration
voltage power
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Pending
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CN202111447625.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张昕
黄晓勇
范超毅
段拓
毕建强
杨彦和
豆蕊
李伟
张秉玺
张富县
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Xi'an Xd Cable Co ltd
China XD Electric Co Ltd
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Xi'an Xd Cable Co ltd
China XD Electric Co Ltd
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Application filed by Xi'an Xd Cable Co ltd, China XD Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Xi'an Xd Cable Co ltd
Priority to CN202111447625.9A priority Critical patent/CN114242329A/en
Publication of CN114242329A publication Critical patent/CN114242329A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00Power cables
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01HMEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
    • G01H9/00Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
    • G01H9/004Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01KMEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K11/00Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
    • G01K11/32Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/32Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for indicating defects, e.g. breaks or leaks
    • H01B7/324Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for indicating defects, e.g. breaks or leaks comprising temperature sensing means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01BCABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B9/00Power cables
    • H01B9/005Power cables including optical transmission elements

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power cables, in particular to an intelligent medium-voltage power cable and a test system and a test method thereof. The optical fiber temperature sensor and the optical fiber vibration sensor are arranged, so that the optical fiber temperature sensor has the functions of conductor temperature monitoring, cable vibration monitoring and data transmission, the temperature of a cable line can be sensed, abnormal temperature and occurrence positions can be found, the current-carrying capacity of the cable can be effectively improved, and the utilization rate and the use value of the cable can be improved. Meanwhile, the occurrence of cable faults can be effectively prevented, the functions of sensing and positioning in advance are achieved, the reliability of a cable line is improved, and the safe and stable operation of a power system is ensured.

Description

Intelligent medium-voltage power cable and test system and test method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power cables, in particular to an intelligent medium-voltage power cable and a test system and a test method thereof.
Background
In recent years, the society is developed at a high speed and the urbanization process is accelerated, the rapid expansion of cities leads to the gradual rise of power loads, the power grid technology is rapidly promoted, the voltage level of a power grid is improved continuously, and the construction scale of the power grid is enlarged continuously, so that more rigorous requirements on the safe and stable operation of the power grid are provided.
The operation state of the medium-voltage power cable, which is an important transmission carrier of an urban power system, affects not only the reliability of line power supply, but also the safe operation of the whole power system. The occurrence of cable insulation breakdown and fire is mostly related to the aging and defects of the insulation material, and the running temperature of the cable conductor is closely related to the aging speed of the cable insulation material. Meanwhile, in urban construction, the cable is frequently broken by construction and moved by other construction parties in a cable tunnel, and other emergencies occur, and in order to realize fault early warning and accurate positioning of the cable insulated wire core, an effective online monitoring means is needed, wherein the real-time running temperature of the conductor and the vibration of a cable line are key monitoring parameters.
At present, the applied distributed optical fiber temperature measurement technology (DTS) and distributed optical fiber vibration measurement technology (DVS) mainly utilize one or more temperature measurement and vibration measurement optical fiber sensing units arranged along the outer side of a cable or the outer side of a cable core, the DTS monitors the outer sheath or the insulation temperature of the cable in real time, and then calculates through a complex mathematical model to derive the real-time temperature of a conductor, and positions fault abnormal points with the temperature exceeding a set value in real time, while the actual laying environment of the cable is usually complex, the multi-loop load is variable, and the surrounding environment state changes along with the time and space, so that the deviation of conductor temperature data is large. The DVS monitors the vibration of the cable line, can sense the abnormal vibration of the cable line in advance, plays a role in early warning, and avoids accidents caused by the outside world on the cable line.
In order to improve the reliability of the power cable, improve the current-carrying capacity of the cable, and realize early warning such as abnormal line temperature and vibration, an intelligent power cable capable of monitoring the conductor temperature of the cable and the vibration of the line in real time is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an intelligent medium-voltage power cable and a test system and a test method thereof.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an intelligent medium-voltage power cable comprises optical fiber temperature sensors, cable insulation wire cores, a communication optical cable, optical fiber vibration sensors and an external coating layer, wherein the optical fiber temperature sensors are arranged inside the cable insulation wire cores; the optical fiber vibration sensor is arranged in the outer coating layer.
Preferably, optical fiber temperature sensor includes aramid fiber reinforcement, PTFE protection pipe, first flexible steel pipe armor, first aramid fiber enhancement layer and first metallic braid and two temperature sensing unit, two temperature sensing unit and aramid fiber reinforcement all set up inside the PTFE protection pipe, the PTFE protection pipe outside is located to first flexible steel pipe armor, first aramid fiber enhancement layer and first metallic braid cover in proper order.
Preferably, the cable insulation wire core comprises a special-shaped compact conductor, an insulation layer and a metal shielding layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, the special-shaped compact conductor is formed by twisting a plurality of conductor single wires, the interior of the special-shaped compact conductor is arranged in a hollow manner, and the optical fiber temperature sensor is positioned in the hollow position; the metal shielding layer is composed of a plurality of loose-wound soft copper wires or a wrapped soft copper strip.
Preferably, the insulating layer comprises a conductor shielding layer, a crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer and an insulating shielding layer which are arranged from inside to outside in sequence.
Preferably, the outer coating layer comprises a filling layer and a cable core wrapping tape, and gaps between adjacent cable insulation wire cores or gaps between the cable insulation wire cores and the communication optical cable are filled with the filling layer; and the combined cable insulation wire core and the outer side of the communication optical cable are wound and wrapped by a cable core wrapping belt. Preferably, the inner liner, the metal armor layer and the outer sheath are sequentially arranged outside the cable core wrapping belt, and the optical fiber vibration sensor is placed between the metal armor layer and the outer sheath.
Preferably, the optical fiber vibration sensor comprises a vibration sensing unit, an inner protection layer, a second flexible steel pipe armor layer, a second aramid fiber reinforced layer and a second metal woven layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside.
An intelligent medium-voltage power cable test system is used for testing an intelligent medium-voltage power cable and comprises a display system, a temperature monitoring system and a vibration monitoring system, wherein the input end of the temperature monitoring system is connected with the output end of an optical fiber temperature sensor, and the input end of the vibration monitoring system is connected with the output end of the optical fiber vibration sensor; and the output end of the temperature monitoring system and the output end of the vibration monitoring system are both connected with the input end of the display system.
An intelligent medium voltage power cable testing method adopts an intelligent medium voltage power cable system and comprises the following steps:
1) the temperature and the vibration of intelligence middling pressure power cable are monitored respectively:
temperature monitoring: monitoring the line temperature of the intelligent medium-voltage power cable by using a temperature monitoring system, realizing the sensing and spatial positioning of the line temperature by using a Raman scattering effect and an optical time domain reflection technology, and simultaneously acquiring data of conductor temperature and cable current-carrying capacity;
vibration monitoring: the method comprises the steps that a vibration monitoring system is utilized to monitor line vibration of the intelligent medium-voltage power cable, and line vibration is sensed and spatially positioned through the Rayleigh scattering effect of optical fibers and the optical time domain reflection technology;
2) and displaying the data input by the temperature monitoring system and the vibration monitoring system by using a display system for personnel to analyze.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides an intelligent medium-voltage power cable which has the functions of conductor temperature monitoring, cable vibration monitoring and data transmission by arranging an optical fiber temperature sensor and an optical fiber vibration sensor, can sense the temperature of a cable line, find abnormal temperature and occurrence positions, effectively improve the current-carrying capacity of the cable and improve the utilization rate and use value of the cable. Meanwhile, the double monitoring of temperature and vibration can effectively prevent the occurrence of cable faults, the functions of sensing and positioning in advance are achieved, the reliability of a cable line is improved, and the safe and stable operation of a power system is ensured.
Furthermore, the stability of circle in the special-shaped compact conductor can be increased, a stable circular space structure is provided for the optical fiber temperature sensor, the optical fiber is prevented from being damaged when the cable is bent and connected with a cable accessory, and the accuracy of optical fiber sensing is guaranteed.
Furthermore, the space where the optical fiber temperature sensor is located is arranged in a hollow mode, so that the stability of the conductor structure is ensured, and the optical fiber temperature sensor is prevented from being extruded by the conductor.
Furthermore, the optical fiber vibration sensor is arranged between the metal armor layer and the outer sheath, so that the monitoring precision can be improved, the optical fiber vibration sensor can be well protected, the external mechanical damage can be effectively avoided, and one or more optical fiber sensors can be selected to be twisted or spirally wound at a larger pitch. Like the mechanical excavation in the city construction process and other circuit installations and fortune dimension etc. in the city piping lane, can effectively protect optic fibre vibration sensor to avoid receiving the damage simultaneously.
Furthermore, all be provided with flexible steel pipe armor and metallic braid in optic fibre vibration sensor and the optic fibre temperature sensor, can effectively protect optic fibre sensor structure and inside optic fibre.
The temperature function in the intelligent medium-voltage power cable testing system simultaneously realizes the functions of temperature monitoring and space positioning by utilizing the Raman scattering effect and the optical time domain reflection technology, can realize the sensing of the temperature of a cable line, discover abnormal temperature and occurrence position, prevent the cable line from faults caused by temperature rise, simultaneously obtain the relation between the conductor temperature and the current-carrying capacity of the cable, improve the current-carrying capacity of the cable under the design threshold value of the conductor temperature of 90 ℃, and increase the utilization rate and the use value of the cable.
The vibration function in the intelligent monitoring system simultaneously realizes the sensing and space positioning functions of vibration events by using the Rayleigh scattering effect and the optical time domain reflection technology of optical fibers, and the temperature function realizes the temperature monitoring and space positioning functions by using the Raman scattering effect and the optical time domain reflection technology. The double monitoring of temperature and vibration can effectively prevent the occurrence of cable faults, realize the functions of sensing and positioning in advance, improve the reliability of cable lines and ensure the safe operation of a power system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent medium voltage power cable provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent medium voltage power cable optical fiber temperature sensor provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent medium voltage power cable optical fiber vibration sensor provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent medium voltage power cable test system of the present invention.
In the figure, 1, an optical fiber temperature sensor; 2. a profiled compact conductor; 3. a conductor shield layer; 4. a crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer; 5. an insulating shield layer; 6. a metal shielding layer; 7. a communications cable; 8. a filling layer; 9. a cable core belting; 10. an inner liner layer; 11. a metal armor layer; 12. an optical fiber vibration sensor; 13. an outer sheath; 21. a temperature sensing unit; 22. an aramid reinforcement; 23. a PTFE protective tube; 24. a first flexible steel pipe armor layer; 25. a first aramid fiber reinforcement layer; 26. a first metal braid; 31. a vibration sensing unit; 32. an inner protective layer; 33. a second flexible steel pipe armor layer; 34. a second aramid fiber reinforcement layer; 35. and a second metal braid.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.
The invention discloses an intelligent medium-voltage power cable, which comprises an optical fiber temperature sensor 1, cable insulation wire cores, a communication optical cable 7, an optical fiber vibration sensor 12 and an external coating layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, wherein at least one cable insulation wire core is arranged, at least one communication optical cable 7 is arranged, the number of the cable insulation wire cores is three in the embodiment, and one communication optical cable 7 is arranged.
Referring to fig. 2, optical fiber temperature sensor 1 includes aramid fiber reinforcement 22, PTFE protection pipe 23, first flexible steel pipe armor 24, first aramid fiber enhancement layer 25 and first metal braid 26 and two temperature sensing units 21, two temperature sensing units 21 all set up inside PTFE protection pipe 23 with aramid fiber reinforcement 22, two temperature sensing units 21 in this embodiment make up the back with aramid fiber reinforcement 22 and directly put in PTFE protection pipe 23, first flexible steel pipe armor 24, first aramid fiber enhancement layer 25 and first metal braid 26 overlap in proper order and locate the PTFE protection pipe 23 outside.
The cable insulation core comprises a special-shaped compact conductor 2, an insulation layer and a metal shielding layer 6 which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, wherein the special-shaped compact conductor 2 is formed by twisting a plurality of conductor single wires, the inside of the special-shaped compact conductor 2 is arranged in a hollow manner, the cross section of the hollow shape of the special-shaped compact conductor 2 is circular in the embodiment, and the optical fiber temperature sensor 1 is positioned in the hollow position. The special-shaped compact conductor 2 can increase the stability of the hollow inner circle of the conductor, provide a stable circular space structure for the optical fiber temperature sensor 1, prevent the optical fiber from being damaged when the cable is bent and connected with a cable accessory, and ensure the accuracy of optical fiber sensing.
Referring to fig. 1, the insulating layer includes a conductor shielding layer 3, a crosslinked polyethylene insulating layer 4, and an insulating shielding layer 5, which are sequentially disposed from inside to outside.
The metal shielding layer 6 is composed of a plurality of loose-wound soft copper wires or a wrapped soft copper strip. When the nominal cross-sectional area of the special-shaped compact conductor 2 is more than or equal to 500mm2When in use, the metal shielding layer is composed of loosely wound soft copper wires. When the nominal cross-sectional area of the special-shaped compact conductor 2 is less than 500mm2And meanwhile, the metal shielding layer 6 consists of a wrapped soft copper strip.
The outer coating layer comprises a filling layer 8 and a cable core belting 9, gaps between adjacent cable insulation wire cores or gaps between the cable insulation wire cores and the communication optical cable 7 are filled by the filling layer 8, and the filling layer 8 is a non-hygroscopic polypropylene filling rope in the embodiment.
The outside of the combined cable insulation wire core is wound and wrapped by a cable core wrapping belt 9.
The cable core wrapping belt 9 sequentially comprises an inner liner layer 10, a metal armor layer 11 and an outer sheath 13, and the optical fiber vibration sensor 12 is arranged between the metal armor layer 11 and the outer sheath 13.
Referring to fig. 3, the optical fiber vibration sensor 12 includes, from inside to outside, a vibration sensing unit 31, an inner protection layer 32, a second flexible steel tube armor layer 33, a second aramid fiber reinforced layer 34, and a second metal braid layer 35. In the present embodiment, two vibration sensing units 31 are provided, and the first flexible steel pipe armor layer 24 and the second flexible steel pipe armor layer 33 are both made of spiral steel pipes.
The intelligent medium-voltage power cable provided by the invention has the functions of conductor temperature monitoring, cable vibration monitoring and data transmission, can sense the temperature of a cable line, finds abnormal temperature and occurrence position, can effectively improve the current-carrying capacity of the cable, and improves the utilization rate and use value of the cable. Meanwhile, the double monitoring of temperature and vibration can effectively prevent the occurrence of cable faults, the functions of sensing and positioning in advance are achieved, the reliability of a cable line is improved, and the safe operation of a power system is ensured.
The invention also discloses an intelligent medium-voltage power cable test system, which is used for testing the intelligent medium-voltage power cable and comprises a display system, a temperature monitoring system and a vibration monitoring system, wherein the input end of the temperature monitoring system is connected with the output end of the optical fiber temperature sensor 1, and the input end of the vibration monitoring system is connected with the output end of the optical fiber vibration sensor 12; the output end of the temperature monitoring system and the output end of the vibration monitoring system are both connected with the input end of the display system.
The invention also discloses an intelligent medium-voltage power cable testing method, which comprises the following steps:
1) the temperature and the vibration of intelligence middling pressure power cable are monitored respectively:
temperature monitoring: monitoring the line temperature of the intelligent medium-voltage power cable by using a temperature monitoring system, realizing the sensing and spatial positioning of the line temperature by using a Raman scattering effect and an optical time domain reflection technology, and simultaneously acquiring data of conductor temperature and cable current-carrying capacity;
vibration monitoring: the method comprises the steps that a vibration monitoring system is utilized to monitor line vibration of the intelligent medium-voltage power cable, and line vibration is sensed and spatially positioned through the Rayleigh scattering effect of optical fibers and the optical time domain reflection technology;
2) and displaying the data input by the temperature monitoring system and the vibration monitoring system by using a display system for personnel to analyze.
The temperature function utilizes the Raman scattering effect and the optical time domain reflection technology to simultaneously realize the temperature monitoring and the space positioning functions, can realize the sensing of the temperature of the cable line, find abnormal temperature and occurrence position, prevent the cable line from faults caused by temperature rise, simultaneously obtain the relation between the conductor temperature and the current-carrying capacity of the cable, improve the current-carrying capacity of the cable under the design threshold value of the conductor temperature of 90 ℃, and increase the utilization rate and the use value of the cable.
The vibration function utilizes the Rayleigh scattering effect of the optical fiber and the optical time domain reflection technology to simultaneously realize the sensing and space positioning functions of the vibration event, and the temperature function utilizes the Raman scattering effect and the optical time domain reflection technology to realize the temperature monitoring and space positioning functions. The double monitoring of temperature and vibration can effectively prevent the occurrence of cable faults, realize the functions of sensing and positioning in advance, improve the reliability of cable lines and ensure the safe and stable operation of a power system.

Claims (9)

1. The intelligent medium-voltage power cable is characterized by comprising an optical fiber temperature sensor (1), a cable insulation wire core, a communication optical cable (7), an optical fiber vibration sensor (12) and an external coating layer, wherein the optical fiber temperature sensor (1) is arranged inside the cable insulation wire core, at least one optical cable insulation wire core is arranged, at least one optical communication cable (7) is arranged, and the cable insulation wire core and the communication optical cable (7) form a whole through the external coating layer; the fiber optic vibration sensor (12) is disposed in the outer cladding.
2. The intelligent medium-voltage power cable according to claim 1, wherein the optical fiber temperature sensor (1) comprises an aramid fiber reinforcement (22), a PTFE protection tube (23), a first flexible steel tube armor layer (24), a first aramid fiber reinforcement layer (25), a first metal braid layer (26) and two temperature sensing units (21), the two temperature sensing units (21) and the aramid fiber reinforcement layer (22) are arranged inside the PTFE protection tube (23), and the first flexible steel tube armor layer (24), the first aramid fiber reinforcement layer (25) and the first metal braid layer (26) are sequentially sleeved outside the PTFE protection tube (23).
3. The intelligent medium-voltage power cable according to claim 1, wherein the cable insulation core comprises a special-shaped compact conductor (2), an insulation layer and a metal shielding layer (6) which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, the special-shaped compact conductor (2) is formed by twisting a plurality of conductor single wires, the inside of the special-shaped compact conductor (2) is arranged in a hollow manner, and the optical fiber temperature sensor (1) is located at a hollow position; the metal shielding layer (6) is composed of a plurality of loose-wound soft copper wires or a wrapped soft copper strip.
4. An intelligent medium voltage power cable according to claim 3, wherein the insulation layer comprises a conductor shield layer (3), a crosslinked polyethylene insulation layer (4) and an insulation shield layer (5) arranged in that order from the inside to the outside.
5. The intelligent medium voltage power cable according to claim 1, wherein the outer coating comprises a filling layer (8) and a cable core tape (9), and gaps between adjacent cable insulation cores or gaps between a cable insulation core and the optical communication cable (7) are filled with the filling layer (8); the outside of the combined cable insulation wire core and the communication optical cable (7) is wound and wrapped by a cable core wrapping belt (9).
6. The intelligent medium-voltage power cable according to claim 5, wherein an inner liner (10), a metal armor layer (11) and an outer sheath (13) are sequentially arranged outside the cable core wrapping tape (9), and the optical fiber vibration sensor (12) is arranged between the metal armor layer (11) and the outer sheath (13).
7. An intelligent medium voltage power cable according to claim 1, wherein the optical fiber vibration sensor (12) comprises a vibration sensing unit (31), an inner sheath (32), a second flexible steel tube armor layer (33), a second aramid fiber reinforcement layer (34) and a second metal braid layer (35) arranged in this order from inside to outside.
8. An intelligent medium voltage power cable test system for testing an intelligent medium voltage power cable according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising a display system, a temperature monitoring system and a vibration monitoring system, wherein an input end of the temperature monitoring system is connected with an output end of the optical fiber temperature sensor (1), and an input end of the vibration monitoring system is connected with an output end of the optical fiber vibration sensor (12); and the output end of the temperature monitoring system and the output end of the vibration monitoring system are both connected with the input end of the display system.
9. An intelligent medium voltage power cable testing method using the intelligent medium voltage power cable system according to claim 8, comprising the steps of:
1) the temperature and the vibration of intelligence middling pressure power cable are monitored respectively:
temperature monitoring: monitoring the line temperature of the intelligent medium-voltage power cable by using a temperature monitoring system, realizing the sensing and spatial positioning of the line temperature by using a Raman scattering effect and an optical time domain reflection technology, and simultaneously acquiring data of conductor temperature and cable current-carrying capacity;
vibration monitoring: the method comprises the steps that a vibration monitoring system is utilized to monitor line vibration of the intelligent medium-voltage power cable, and line vibration is sensed and spatially positioned through the Rayleigh scattering effect of optical fibers and the optical time domain reflection technology;
2) and displaying the data input by the temperature monitoring system and the vibration monitoring system by using a display system for personnel to analyze.
CN202111447625.9A 2021-11-30 2021-11-30 Intelligent medium-voltage power cable and test system and test method thereof Pending CN114242329A (en)

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