CN114242309B - Construction method of bending-resistant cable for railway - Google Patents
Construction method of bending-resistant cable for railway Download PDFInfo
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- CN114242309B CN114242309B CN202111563519.7A CN202111563519A CN114242309B CN 114242309 B CN114242309 B CN 114242309B CN 202111563519 A CN202111563519 A CN 202111563519A CN 114242309 B CN114242309 B CN 114242309B
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- 229920003020 cross-linked polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B9/00—Power cables
- H01B9/006—Constructional features relating to the conductors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H75/00—Storing webs, tapes, or filamentary material, e.g. on reels
- B65H75/02—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks
- B65H75/34—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables
- B65H75/38—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables involving the use of a core or former internal to, and supporting, a stored package of material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
- H01B7/0208—Cables with several layers of insulating material
- H01B7/0216—Two layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/04—Flexible cables, conductors, or cords, e.g. trailing cables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
- H01B7/182—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring comprising synthetic filaments
- H01B7/1825—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring comprising synthetic filaments forming part of a high tensile strength core
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B9/00—Power cables
- H01B9/008—Power cables for overhead application
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B9/00—Power cables
- H01B9/02—Power cables with screens or conductive layers, e.g. for avoiding large potential gradients
- H01B9/021—Features relating to screening tape per se
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G1/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines
- H02G1/06—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for installing, maintaining, repairing or dismantling electric cables or lines for laying cables, e.g. laying apparatus on vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/20—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
- B32B2307/206—Insulating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
- B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
- B65H2701/34—Handled filamentary material electric cords or electric power cables
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a bending-resistant cable for a railway, which comprises an insulating sheath, an insulating lining, a wrapping layer and a carbon fiber composite wire, wherein the carbon fiber composite wire comprises an inner core and a conductor, the inner core is a carbon fiber flat wire, the carbon fiber composite wire is bent, and the carbon fiber composite wire is kept in a pre-tensioned state in the insulating sheath, and the construction method comprises the following steps: 1) Winding the bending-resistant cable for the railway on a pay-off reel; 2) For linear paying-off construction, the pretension force on the carbon fiber composite wire is eliminated by heating through a heater; 2.2 For the paying-off construction of the corner of the railway bending-resistant cable, the bending-resistant cable for the railway is kept in a bending state to pass through the corner along the bending direction of the railway bending-resistant cable at the corner. The invention is easy to wind; the coiled bending-resistant cable for the railway is heated by the paying-off device to eliminate stress when being paid out, so that the construction can be conveniently carried out.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of cable construction methods, and particularly relates to a construction method of a bending-resistant cable for a railway.
Background
The electrified railway is a preferred railway traction power mode in all countries in the world at present due to the advantages of high traction power, energy conservation, environmental protection, high operation capacity, high speed and the like. Because of the nearly severe requirements of railway transportation on safety, the reliability of the system is always one of the primary indexes of railway technology development. The power supply system is a core part of the construction of the electrified railway, and the electrified railway cable is used as a transmission tie of traction power and is a source of the whole power supply system.
Most electrified railway cables in the prior art are laid by adopting direct burial or cable ditches, the environment is relatively moist, the cable is in contact with water even for a long time, the cable is easy to wet, and moisture can gradually permeate into wires inside the cable insulation after the cable is wet, so that the service life of the cable is influenced. Meanwhile, the railway cable in the prior art is provided with the metal armor layer at the outer layer to increase the tensile strength of the cable, but the metal armor layer can extrude the wires arranged inside the cable when the wires are bent, so that the breakage of the wires and the like can be possibly caused, and meanwhile, the cable is not easy to bend when being wound, and the winding, the transferring and the construction of the cable are affected.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement demands of the prior art, the invention provides a construction method of a bending-resistant cable for a railway, which utilizes the characteristics of light weight and high strength of a carbon fiber material, can ensure that the outer layer of a conductor is not armored by metal, lightens the weight, simultaneously increases the comprehensive strength of the conductor, improves the safety and the reliability of the conductor, and ensures that the carbon fiber composite conductor has a pre-bending mode, namely a bending guide path, so that the cable structure can be conveniently and continuously bent along the bending guide path without being bent at will in other directions, and is easier to wind; the coiled railway bending-resistant cable is heated by the paying-off device when being paid out, so that after various lead materials with different thermal expansion coefficients in the cable are heated and cooled, the interface is separated to eliminate stress, the internal stress of the cable is adjusted, and the cable can be conveniently and directly used for construction, thereby solving the technical problems that the cable is difficult to coil when the bending resistance is strong, larger internal stress is generated after coil winding, and construction difficulty is caused due to the fact that the internal stress is difficult to eliminate during construction.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a construction method of a bending-resistant cable for railway, the bending-resistant cable for railway including an insulation sheath, and an insulation lining, a wrapping layer, and a carbon fiber composite wire provided inside the insulation sheath, the carbon fiber composite wire including an inner core and a conductor fitted over the inner core, the inner core being a carbon fiber flat wire, the wrapping layer being wound around the conductor and the insulation lining so as to wrap the conductor and the insulation lining, the insulation sheath being fitted over the wrapping layer, and the insulation sheath bending the carbon fiber composite wire around an X-axis, wherein the X-axis is a straight line parallel to a length direction of a cross section of the inner core, the carbon fiber composite wire being maintained in a pre-tensioned state within the insulation sheath, that is, a pre-tensioned state is present on the carbon fiber composite wire, characterized by:
1) Winding a bending-resistant cable for a railway on a pay-off reel, wherein the central line of the pay-off reel is parallel to an X axis;
2) And paying out the railway bending-resistant cable on the paying-off disc, and then:
2.1 For the straight line paying-off construction of the bending-resistant cable for the railway, the bending-resistant cable for the railway passes through a heater, and the pre-tension on the carbon fiber composite conductor is eliminated by heating the bending-resistant cable for the railway through the heater, so that the bending-resistant cable for the railway after the bending-resistant cable for the railway passes through the heater is kept in a straight line state, wherein the heat conduction direction of the carbon fiber composite conductor is from the inner cambered surface to the outer cambered surface of the carbon fiber composite conductor;
2.2 For the paying-off construction of the corner of the railway bending-resistant cable, the bending-resistant cable for the railway is kept in a bending state to pass through the corner along the bending direction of the railway bending-resistant cable at the corner.
Preferably, the heater comprises a base, a heating shaft core and an inner cylinder, wherein the heating shaft core and the inner cylinder are coaxially nested from inside to outside and are perpendicular to the base; the heating shaft core is provided with an electric heating element with adjustable power and a temperature controller, the temperature controller negatively feeds back and adjusts the power of the electric heating element, and the temperature of the heating shaft core is controlled to be within a preset temperature range; the inner cylinder is matched with the base and is used for winding the railway bending-resistant cable with the stress to be adjusted, which is released by the winding and unwinding reel, and heating the cable to adjust the stress; the bending-resistant cable for the railway, which is discharged by the heater, is a free end or is pulled by a traction device and is used for construction.
Preferably, the heating temperature of the bending-resistant cable for railway is 70 ℃ +/-10 ℃.
Preferably, the heater comprises an outer cylinder, the outer cylinder is matched with the base, the outer cylinder is provided with an inlet for entering a railway bending-resistant cable and an outlet for releasing the railway bending-resistant cable, and valve-type unidirectional pre-tightening clamps are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet;
the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder rotate asynchronously and relatively, and rotation of the outer cylinder relative to the inner cylinder in the winding direction and rotation of the inner cylinder relative to the outer cylinder in the winding direction are respectively generated in different time slots: when the outer cylinder rotates relative to the inner cylinder along the winding direction, the railway bending-resistant cable is fixed relative to the outer cylinder due to the fixation of the valve-type unidirectional pre-tightening clamps of the inlet and the outlet, and moves relative to the inner cylinder, so that the cable enters the heater; when the inner cylinder rotates relative to the outer cylinder along the winding direction, the railway bending-resistant cable and the valve-type unidirectional pre-tightening clamp are loosened, the railway bending-resistant cable and the valve-type unidirectional pre-tightening clamp are fixed relative to the inner cylinder and move relative to the outer cylinder, and the cable is led to be released from the heater.
Preferably, the outlet has a valve-type unidirectional pre-tightening clamp allowing only unidirectional payout of the cable, and the inlet has a valve-type unidirectional pre-tightening clamp allowing only unidirectional entry of the cable; the inner side of the outer cylinder is provided with a spiral groove matched with the railway bending-resistant cable, and the spiral groove is used for limiting the winding track of the railway bending-resistant cable.
Preferably, the outer cylinder is formed by splicing a plurality of side assemblies, the side assemblies are provided with fan-shaped cross sections, the fan-shaped cross sections of the side assemblies are spliced into the annular cross sections of the outer cylinder, and the side assemblies of the outer cylinder are spliced and combined outside the inner cylinder wound with the railway bending-resistant cable after initial winding in operation, so that the railway bending-resistant cable passes through an inlet and an outlet respectively, and the valve-type unidirectional pre-tightening clamp is clamped at the inlet and the outlet.
Preferably, the valve type unidirectional pre-tightening clamp is integrally V-shaped and comprises two clamping arms, each clamping arm is respectively arranged on the outer cylinder through a rotating shaft, and a torsion spring for returning the clamping arm is sleeved on the rotating shaft.
Preferably, the strength of the inner core is 2100MPa-2750MPa.
Preferably, the insulating sheath comprises an inner layer and an outer layer, and they are each made of crosslinked polyethylene.
Preferably, for the cross section of the insulating sheath, two arcs replace the graph formed by two bottoms of the trapezoid respectively, and the openings of the two arcs face the same, and the opening of the arc replacing the shorter bottom of the trapezoid faces the end with larger width of the trapezoid.
In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention, compared with the prior art, enable the following beneficial effects to be obtained:
1) According to the construction method of the bending-resistant cable for the railway, the inner core made of the carbon fiber flat wire and the conductor are compounded to form the carbon fiber composite wire, and the characteristics of light weight and high strength of the carbon fiber material are utilized, so that the outer layer of the conductor is not armored by metal, the weight is reduced, the comprehensive strength of the conductor is increased, and the safety and reliability of the wire are improved.
2) According to the construction method of the bending-resistant cable for the railway, compared with a round wire, the carbon fiber flat wire has better bending performance around a straight line parallel to the length direction of the cross section. The insulating sheath of ingenious design of anti cable construction that buckles during the design for the anti cable construction that buckles is crooked along the direction of the carbon fiber flat wire of inlayer more easily, when guaranteeing anti cable construction intensity that buckles, makes the bending property of anti cable construction better, winds on the wire reel more easily.
3) The construction method of the bending-resistant cable for the railway, provided by the invention, has the advantages that the comprehensive weight is reduced, meanwhile, the comprehensive strength of the cable structure is higher, the sag can be reduced, the sag characteristic is more excellent, and the cable structure can be used for bridge frame laying or overhead laying.
4) According to the construction method of the bending-resistant cable for the railway, disclosed by the invention, the cable is heated through the paying-off device when the wound bending-resistant cable for the railway is paid out, so that after various lead materials with different thermal expansion coefficients in the cable are heated and cooled, the interface is separated to eliminate stress, and the internal stress of the cable is adjusted, so that the cable can be conveniently and directly used for construction, and the technical problems that the cable is difficult to wind when the bending resistance is strong, larger internal stress is generated after winding, and the internal stress is difficult to eliminate during construction, so that the construction is difficult are solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a railway bending resistant cable of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the bending state of the railway bending-resistant cable of the present invention after initial molding;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the railway bending resistant cable of the present invention in construction;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the bending resistant cable for railway of the present invention passing through a heater.
The same reference numbers are used throughout the drawings to reference like elements or structures, wherein:
1-carbon fiber flat wire; 2-conductors; 3-lining; 4-an insulating sheath; 41-an inner core; 42-conductors; 5-pay-off reels; 6-a heater; 61-a base; 62-an electrical heating element; 63-an inner cylinder; 64-an outer cylinder; 65-clamp arms; 7-cable.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a bending-resistant cable 7 structure for railway comprises an insulating sheath 1, a wrapping layer 3, an insulating lining 2 and a carbon fiber composite wire 4, wherein the wrapping layer 3, the insulating lining 2 and the carbon fiber composite wire 4 are arranged inside the insulating sheath 1, and the bending-resistant cable comprises the following components:
the carbon fiber composite wire 4 comprises an inner core 41 and a conductor 42 sleeved on the inner core 41, the inner core 41 is a carbon fiber flat wire, the outer edge of the cross section of the conductor 42 is round, oval or trapezoid, the electrical performance of the conductor 42 is generally according to the material, the material is copper, copper alloy, soft aluminum or hard aluminum, and the conductivity is from 61.5% IACS to 100% IACS. By adopting the structure of compounding the carbon fiber flat wire and the conductor 42, the bending performance of the conductor 42 is improved, the strength of the conductor 42 is also improved, and compared with a conventional wire, the carbon fiber composite wire 4 has the advantages of light weight, high tensile strength, good heat resistance, small thermal expansion coefficient, high Wen Huchui, high conductivity, low wire loss, large current-carrying capacity and good corrosion resistance.
The wrapping layer 3 is wound on the conductor 42 and the insulating liner 2 so as to wrap the conductor 42 and the insulating liner 2; the insulating lining 2 plays a role in filling and shielding, the shape of the insulating lining 2 needs to be regular, the insulating cladding is conveniently carried out by the wrapping layer 3, and the wrapping layer 3 is preferably a glass fiber tape, so that the insulating lining has the advantages of high temperature resistance, heat preservation, heat insulation, fire prevention and flame retardance.
The insulating sheath 1 is fitted over the wrapping layer 3, and the insulating sheath 1 bends the carbon fiber composite wire 4 around an X axis which is a straight line parallel to the length direction of the cross section of the inner core 41. The internal stress of the insulating sheath 1 can be considered from the aspects of materials, manufacturing process, shape characteristics and the like of the insulating sheath 1, and the internal stress of the insulating sheath 1 can be achieved through numerical simulation, design, experiments and the like, so that the insulating sheath 1 is in a bending state after initial forming, the insulating sheath 1 is also bent around the X axis after forming, and the bending of the insulating sheath 1 brings the carbon fiber composite wire 4 to be bent around the X axis. The invention is preferably considered from the shape of the insulating sheath 1, for the cross section of the insulating sheath 1, two sections of arcs replace the graph formed by two bottoms of a trapezoid respectively, the trapezoid is preferably an isosceles trapezoid, the openings of the two sections of arcs face the same direction, the arc replacing the shorter bottom of the trapezoid calls the opening of the upper arc to face one end with larger width of the trapezoid, and the arc replacing the shorter bottom of the trapezoid calls the lower arc to have a length larger than that of the upper arc. By providing the insulating sheath 1 with such a cross section, it is possible to receive internal stress after molding due to the asymmetry of the upper and lower arcs and the lower arc, thereby being in a bent state. Since the inner core 41 is a carbon fiber flat wire, there is a widthwise direction corresponding to the widthwise direction and a widthwise direction corresponding to the widthwise direction in the cross section of the flat wire as understood by those skilled in the art. For example, the cross section of the flat wire of the present invention may be a rectangular shape such as a regular rectangle, an ellipse, or a rounded rectangle, and when the cross section is a rectangle, the X-axis direction is the long direction of the rectangle; when the X-axis direction is elliptical, the X-axis direction is the major axis direction of the ellipse; when the rectangular shape is a round rectangle, the direction is parallel to the longest side of the round rectangle; the cross section of the flat wire may be shaped otherwise flat, and the length direction of the cross section is defined according to the conventional understanding of the length direction of the pattern by a person skilled in the art, such as the usual understanding of visually longer directions or the direction of the line connecting the two points with the greatest distance on the edge. For example, referring to fig. 1, for an inner core 41 having an oval cross-section, the inner core 41 is bent about an X-axis parallel to its major axis, is significantly easier to bend than about a Y-axis parallel to its minor axis, or is bent more easily than about a rotational centerline at an angle to the X-axis, and is significantly better to bend about the X-axis and thus is easier to wind up on a spool.
Further, the carbon fiber composite wire 4 is kept in a pre-tensioned state within the insulating sheath 1, i.e. a pre-tensioned force is present on the carbon fiber composite wire 4. After the pretensioning treatment, the inner core 41 of the carbon fiber composite wire 4 is in a pretensioned state, and tensile stress exists. Because the carbon fiber material of the inner core 41 has high tensile property and poor compressive property, when the inner core 41 is bent, the outer layer of the inner core 41 is stretched, and the inner layer is extruded, and because the carbon fiber composite wire 4 is integrally and pre-applied with a tensile stress, when the carbon fiber composite wire 4 is bent, the inner layer of the inner core 41 can be pressed in a bending state after overcoming the pre-applied tensile force, and the inner layer of the inner core 41 is prevented from being broken by great compressive stress when the carbon fiber composite wire 4 is bent at a small angle or an acute angle.
Further, the equivalent circular diameter of the cross section of the inner core 41 is 3.5mm to 11mm, and the area of the outer edge of the cross section of the conductor 42 is 5mm 2 ～30mm 2 The strength of the inner core 41 is 2100MPa to 2750MPa. The cable size is equivalent to the current steel core sectional area, the composite material has the advantages of accurately designing required strength and corresponding modulus, and the strength range is a balance of cost control and actual requirements.
Further, the carbon fiber composite wires 4 are provided with a plurality of carbon fiber composite wires, and the insulating lining 2 is filled in a space enclosed by any two adjacent carbon fiber composite wires 4 and the insulating sheath 1. The carbon fiber composite wires 4 are all bendable about a straight line parallel to the longitudinal direction, and have the same longitudinal direction.
Further, the insulating sheath 1 includes an inner layer and an outer layer, and they are each made of crosslinked polyethylene. The insulating sheath 1 adopts two layers of forms, and the effect of inner shielding is because conductor 42 surface is inhomogeneous, so the even burr-free of surface is guaranteed to the inner shielding parcel that needs, makes things convenient for outer shielding parcel, and the inner shielding plays semi-insulating effect, and outer shielding plays insulating effect.
The bending performance of the carbon fiber flat wire on the wider wide side is better, and meanwhile, because the strength of the carbon fiber flat wire is 1.5 times of that of steel, armor with the strength provided by the outer layer can be omitted, so that the wire is easier to bend while the strength is ensured. For large-specification large-diameter cables 7 can be reduced in winding reel, so that production, transportation and construction are more convenient. For the small-specification small-diameter cable 7, the construction safety can be improved, meanwhile, a bridge frame can be adopted for laying or overhead laying, the influence of environmental factors such as ground water inflow can be reduced, and the service life of the cable 7 is prolonged.
The construction method special for the bending-resistant cable 7 for the railway is as follows:
1) Winding a railway bending-resistant cable 7 on a paying-off reel 5, wherein the central line of the paying-off reel 5 is parallel to an X axis;
2) The railway bending-resistant cable 7 on the pay-off reel 5 is paid out, and then:
2.1 For the straight line paying-off construction of the bending-resistant cable 7 for the railway, the bending-resistant cable 7 for the railway passes through a heater 6, and the pre-tensioning force on the carbon fiber composite wire 4 is eliminated by heating the bending-resistant cable 7 for the railway through the heater 6, so that the bending-resistant cable 7 for the railway after the bending-resistant cable 7 for the railway passes through the heater 6 is kept in a straight line state; wherein, the heat conduction direction of the carbon fiber composite wire 4 is the direction from the intrados to the extrados of the carbon fiber composite wire 4 (since the carbon fiber composite wire 4 is curved after being molded, the carbon fiber composite wire itself has the intrados and the extrados); because of the asymmetric design of the insulating sheath 1, after the stress relief line construction, if the irregular rough construction is encountered, the conductor 42 and the insulating sheath 1 can be bent due to the stress, and traces such as convex traces or bulges can be left on the insulating sheath 1, so that the inspection is convenient during the construction.
2.2 For the paying-off construction of the corner of the railway bending-resistant cable 7, the bending-resistant cable 7 for the railway can be kept in a bending state to pass through the corner along the bending direction of the railway bending-resistant cable 7 at the corner, so that the paying-off construction is easier.
The pay-off reel 5 comprises a cable reel carrier, a bearing, a bracket and a damping regulator; the cable drum carrier is used for loading a coiled railway bending-resistant cable 7, is connected with the support through a bearing, and is provided with a damping regulator between the support and the bearing for regulating paying-off tension of the paying-off drum 5; the paying-off tension is controlled to be 1-1.5 t.
The heater 6 comprises a base 61, a heating shaft core and an inner cylinder 63 which are coaxially nested from inside to outside and are perpendicular to the base 61;
the heating shaft core is provided with an electric heating element 62 with adjustable power and a temperature controller, the temperature controller negatively feeds back and adjusts the power of the electric heating element 62, and the temperature of the heating shaft core is controlled within a preset temperature range; the electric heating element 62 is an intermediate frequency coil; the preset temperature range is 70+/-10 ℃;
the inner cylinder 63 rotates along the central axis of the base 61, is used for winding the railway bending-resistant cable 7 with the stress to be adjusted, which is released by the winding and releasing disc 5, and heating and adjusting the stress of the railway bending-resistant cable 7, and aims at the railway bending-resistant cable 7 with the cross section shape, which is mentioned above, the inner cylinder 63 is provided with a spiral bulge matched with the inner cambered surface of the railway bending-resistant cable 7, the cross section of the spiral bulge is arched and is used for limiting the winding track of the railway bending-resistant cable 7, the outer cylinder 64 is provided with a spiral groove matched with the outer cambered surface, and the cross section of the spiral groove is arched and is also used for limiting the winding track of the railway bending-resistant cable 7.
The outer cylinder 64 is matched with the base 61, and the outer cylinder 64 is provided with an inlet for the railway bending-resistant cable 7 to enter and an outlet for the railway bending-resistant cable 7 to be discharged; the outlet has a valve-type unidirectional pre-tightening clamp allowing only unidirectional payout of the cable 7, and the inlet has a valve-type unidirectional pre-tightening clamp allowing only unidirectional entry of the cable 7; the inner side of the outer cylinder 64 is provided with a spiral groove matched with the bending-resistant cable 7 for the railway, and the spiral groove is used for limiting the winding track of the bending-resistant cable 7 for the railway; the outer cylinder 64 is formed by splicing two side assemblies, the side assemblies have semicircular cross sections, the semicircular cross sections of the two side assemblies are spliced to form the annular cross section of the outer cylinder 64, and in operation, the side assemblies of the outer cylinder 64 are spliced and combined outside the inner cylinder 63 wound with the railway bending-resistant cable 7 after initial winding, so that the railway bending-resistant cable 7 passes through an inlet and an outlet respectively, and the valve-type unidirectional pre-tightening clamp is clamped at the inlet and the outlet.
The base 61 has an inner ring fitted to the inner cylinder 63 and an outer ring fitted to the outer cylinder 64. The inner cylinder 63 and the inner ring are rotatably mounted or fixedly mounted; the same outer race may be rotatably mounted or fixedly mounted with outer barrel 64; the inner ring and the outer ring can relatively rotate or relatively fix; the manner of fixing the inner tube 63 to the base 61 and the outer tube 64 to the base 61 is not limited as long as the relative rotation of the inner tube 63 and the outer tube 64 is achieved. The preferred mode is: the inner cylinder 63 is fixedly matched with the inner ring, driven by a stepping motor fixed with a central shaft and rotated in a reciprocating and stepping mode in a certain angle, and the outer cylinder 64 is fixedly matched with the outer ring and fixed relative to a base 61 support frame; the inner ring and the outer ring rotate relatively.
The inner cylinder 63 and the outer cylinder 64 rotate asynchronously and relatively: when the inner tube 63 rotates forward, the inner tube 63 rotates in the winding direction relative to the outer tube 64; when the inner tube 63 is reversed, the inner tube 63 rotates in the winding direction with respect to the outer tube 64. When the outer cylinder 64 rotates in the winding direction relative to the inner cylinder 63, the railway buckling-resistant cable 7 is fixed relative to the outer cylinder 64 due to the fixation of the valve-type unidirectional pre-tightening clamps of the inlet and the outlet, and moves relative to the inner cylinder 63, so that the cable 7 enters the heater 6; when the inner tube 63 rotates in the winding direction relative to the outer tube 64, the railway buckling-resistant cable 7 and the valve-type unidirectional pre-tightening clamp are released, and are fixed relative to the inner tube 63 and move relative to the outer tube 64, so that the cable 7 is discharged from the heater 6.
The cable 7 which is paid out from the heater 6 may be a free end which is directly used for construction. Or may be towed by a traction wheel.
The stress control method of the bending-resistant cable 7 for the railway comprises the following steps:
winding a cable drum of the bending-resistant cable 7 for the railway, loading the cable drum on a cable drum carrier, paying out a section of cable 7, and winding the bending-resistant cable 7 for the railway on an inner cylinder 63 of the heater 6; at this time, the outer tube 64 of the heater 6 is disconnected;
the damping regulator of the cable drum carrier maintains the tension of the cable 7 between the paying-off reel 5 and the heater 6 at 1-1.5 t;
the two outer cylinders 64 with semicircular cross sections are assembled on the inner cylinder 63 wound with the cable 7, the cable just passes through the inlet and the outlet of the outer cylinder 64, and valve type unidirectional pre-tightening clamps with wedge-shaped valves are respectively clamped on the inlet and the outlet, so that the cable 7 can only pass through the heater 6 in one direction.
Pulling the railway bending-resistant cable 7 by a stepping motor;
maintaining the temperature of the heater 6 in the range of 70 ℃ ± 10 ℃;
it will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A construction method of a bending-resistant cable for railway, said bending-resistant cable for railway (7) comprising an insulating sheath (1) and an insulating lining (2) arranged inside said insulating sheath (1), a wrapping layer (3) and a carbon fiber composite wire (4), said carbon fiber composite wire (4) comprising an inner core (41) and a conductor (42) sheathed on said inner core (41), said inner core (41) being a flat carbon fiber wire, said wrapping layer (3) being wound on said conductor (42) and said insulating lining (2) so as to encapsulate said conductor (42) and said insulating lining (2), said insulating sheath (1) being sheathed on said wrapping layer (3), and the insulating sheath (1) being such that said carbon fiber composite wire (4) is bent around an X-axis, wherein said X-axis is a straight line parallel to the length direction of the cross section of the inner core (41), said carbon fiber composite wire (4) being kept in a state within said insulating sheath (1), i.e. the carbon fiber composite wire (4) is pre-stressed, characterized by the following pre-tensioned construction method:
1) Winding a bending-resistant cable (7) for a railway on a pay-off reel (5), wherein the central line of the pay-off reel (5) is parallel to an X axis;
2) Paying out the railway bending-resistant cable (7) on the paying-out reel (5), and then:
2.1 For the straight line paying-off construction of the bending-resistant cable (7) for the railway, the bending-resistant cable (7) for the railway passes through a heater (6), the pre-tensioning force on the carbon fiber composite wire (4) is eliminated by heating the bending-resistant cable (7) for the railway through the heater (6), so that the bending-resistant cable (7) for the railway after the bending-resistant cable (7) for the railway passes through the heater (6) is kept in a straight line state, wherein the heat conduction direction of the carbon fiber composite wire (4) is from the intrados to the extrados of the carbon fiber composite wire (4);
the heater (6) comprises an outer cylinder (64), a base (61) and a heating shaft core and an inner cylinder (63) which are coaxially nested from inside to outside and are perpendicular to the base (61), the outer cylinder (64) is matched with the base (61), the outer cylinder (64) is provided with an inlet for a railway bending-resistant cable (7) to enter and an outlet for the railway bending-resistant cable (7) to be discharged, and valve-type unidirectional pre-tightening clamps are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet;
the inner cylinder (63) and the outer cylinder (64) rotate asynchronously and relatively, and rotation of the outer cylinder (64) relative to the inner cylinder (63) in the winding direction and rotation of the inner cylinder (63) relative to the outer cylinder (64) in the winding direction are respectively generated in different time slots: when the outer cylinder (64) rotates along the winding direction relative to the inner cylinder (63), the railway bending-resistant cable (7) is fixed relative to the outer cylinder (64) due to the fixation of valve-type unidirectional pre-tightening clamps of the inlet and the outlet, and moves relative to the inner cylinder (63) so that the cable (7) enters the heater (6); when the inner cylinder (63) rotates relative to the outer cylinder (64) along the winding direction, the railway bending-resistant cable (7) and the valve-type unidirectional pre-tightening clamp are loosened, and the railway bending-resistant cable is fixed relative to the inner cylinder (63) and moves relative to the outer cylinder (64) so that the cable (7) is discharged out of the heater (6)
2.2 For paying-off construction at the corner of the railway bending-resistant cable (7), the bending-resistant cable (7) for the railway is kept in a bending state at the corner along the bending direction of the railway bending-resistant cable (7) to pass through the corner.
2. The construction method of the bending-resistant cable for the railway according to claim 1, wherein the heating shaft core is provided with an electric heating element (62) with adjustable power and a temperature controller, and the temperature controller negatively feeds back and adjusts the power of the electric heating element (62) to control the temperature of the heating shaft core within a preset temperature range; the inner cylinder (63) is matched with the base (61) and is used for winding the railway bending-resistant cable (7) which is released by the winding reel (5) and is used for adjusting the stress of the railway bending-resistant cable by heating; the railway bending-resistant cable (7) released by the heater (6) is a free end or is pulled by a traction device and is used for construction.
3. The construction method of a bending-resistant cable for railway according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating temperature of the bending-resistant cable (7) for railway is 70 ℃ ± 10 ℃.
4. The construction method of a bending-resistant cable for railway according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet has a valve-type unidirectional pre-tightening clamp allowing only unidirectional payout of the cable (7), and the inlet has a valve-type unidirectional pre-tightening clamp allowing only unidirectional entry of the cable (7); the inner side of the outer cylinder (64) is provided with a spiral groove matched with the bending-resistant cable (7) for the railway, and the spiral groove is used for limiting the winding track of the bending-resistant cable (7) for the railway.
5. The construction method of the bending-resistant cable for the railway according to claim 1, wherein the outer barrel (64) is formed by splicing a plurality of side assemblies, the side assemblies are provided with a fan-shaped annular cross section, the fan-shaped annular cross sections of the side assemblies are spliced into the annular cross section of the outer barrel (64), the side assemblies of the outer barrel (64) are spliced and combined outside the inner barrel (63) wound with the bending-resistant cable (7) for the railway after initial winding in operation, so that the bending-resistant cable (7) for the railway passes through an inlet and an outlet respectively, and the valve-type unidirectional pre-tightening clamp is clamped at the inlet and the outlet.
6. The construction method of the bending-resistant cable for the railway according to claim 1, wherein the valve-type unidirectional pre-tightening clamp is integrally V-shaped and comprises two clamping arms (65), each clamping arm (65) is respectively installed on an outer cylinder (64) through a rotating shaft, and a torsion spring for returning the clamping arm (65) is sleeved on the rotating shaft.
7. The construction method of a bending-resistant cable for railway according to claim 1, wherein the strength of the inner core (41) is 2100MPa to 2750MPa.
8. A construction method of a bending-resistant cable for railway use according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating sheath (1) comprises an inner layer and an outer layer, and they are each made of crosslinked polyethylene.
9. The construction method of the bending-resistant cable for railway according to claim 1, characterized in that, for the cross section of the insulating sheath (1), two arcs replace the graph formed by the two bottoms of the trapezium respectively, and the openings of the two arcs face the same, and the opening of the arc replacing the shorter bottom of the trapezium faces the end with larger width.
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| CN114242309A (en) | 2022-03-25 |
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