CN114236862A - Optical element and display device - Google Patents
Optical element and display device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114236862A CN114236862A CN202111536371.8A CN202111536371A CN114236862A CN 114236862 A CN114236862 A CN 114236862A CN 202111536371 A CN202111536371 A CN 202111536371A CN 114236862 A CN114236862 A CN 114236862A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- light
- optical element
- layer
- light splitting
- angle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 117
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 acryl Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 2
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPXJNWSHGFTCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indium phosphide Chemical compound [In]#P GPXJNWSHGFTCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009459 flexible packaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012811 non-conductive material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
- G02B27/12—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by refraction only
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
- G02B27/12—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by refraction only
- G02B27/123—The splitting element being a lens or a system of lenses, including arrays and surfaces with refractive power
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
- G02B3/0006—Arrays
- G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
Abstract
The present application relates to an optical element and a display device, the optical element including: a flat sheet layer; the beam splitting layer is located on the flat plate layer and comprises a plurality of beam splitting curved surfaces protruding in the direction away from the flat plate layer, light rays incident from one side of the flat plate layer can be respectively emergent from N target visual angles in different directions after being refracted by each beam splitting curved surface, and emergent light rays of the plurality of beam splitting curved surfaces are parallel to each other at the same visual angle, wherein N is a natural number, and N is more than or equal to 2. The optical element can form a plurality of different display pictures at a plurality of visual angles, meets the requirements of viewers on watching different pictures at different angles, and is favorable for improving the experience of users.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to display technologies, and particularly to an optical element and a display device.
Background
The multi-view display is a display technology in which different pictures or images can be viewed at different angles of a display panel. With the rapid development of information technology, more and more scenes are required to display different pictures at different viewing angles, such as various vehicles, computer games, and application requirements of special occasions requiring confidentiality, so that the method has a great development prospect. At present, most display panels display consistent pictures at different viewing angles, and one display panel cannot display a plurality of different pictures at a plurality of viewing angles.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an optical element and a display device, wherein the optical element can form a plurality of different display pictures under a plurality of visual angles for the display device.
To this end, in a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an optical element, including:
a flat sheet layer;
the light splitting layer is positioned on the flat plate layer and comprises a plurality of light splitting curved surfaces protruding in the direction far away from the flat plate layer, light rays incident from one side of the flat plate layer can be respectively emergent from N target visual angles in different directions after being refracted by each light splitting curved surface, and emergent light rays of the plurality of light splitting curved surfaces are mutually parallel at the same visual angle, wherein N is a natural number, and N is more than or equal to 2.
In one embodiment, the plurality of light splitting curved surfaces are continuously distributed along the row direction and extend along the column direction, each light splitting curved surface has two target viewing angles, and the angle theta between the two target viewing angles ranges from 30 degrees to theta <180 degrees.
In an embodiment, a cross-sectional shape of the curved spectroscopic surface in the row direction is any one of an arc shape, an ellipse shape, and a sine curve.
In one embodiment, the plurality of curved dispersing surfaces are arranged in a rectangular array, and each curved dispersing surface has at least three target viewing angles distributed in a ring shape.
In one embodiment, the shape of the light splitting curved surface is a hemispherical surface or an arc spherical surface; or the shape of the light splitting curved surface is formed by mutually overlapping at least three hemispherical surfaces or at least three hemispherical arc spherical surfaces.
In one embodiment, the shape of the curved spectroscopic surface is a polyhedron including at least three light emitting surfaces for emitting light rays along at least three target viewing angles.
In an embodiment, the light splitting layer further includes a light shielding surface, and the light shielding surface is located between two adjacent light splitting curved surfaces.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a display device, including:
the display panel comprises a substrate and M groups of pixel units arranged on the substrate, wherein each group of pixel units comprises N kinds of visual angle pixels which emit light rays along N target visual angles respectively, and each kind of visual angle pixel comprises at least one sub-pixel;
the optical element according to any one of claims 1 to 7, disposed on a light-emitting side of the display panel, wherein an orthogonal projection of each light-splitting curved surface of the optical element on the substrate covers orthogonal projections of N viewing angle pixels on the substrate, and light rays of N viewing angle pixels are refracted by the light-splitting curved surfaces and then emitted along N target viewing angles, where M and N are natural numbers, N is greater than or equal to 2 and less than M, and M is an integer multiple of N.
In an embodiment, an orthogonal projection distance W of each of the light splitting curved surfaces on the substrate is P, and a central distance between the viewing-angle pixels of the same target viewing angle in two adjacent groups of the pixel units is PABWhen an effective viewing angle between the same viewing angle pixels in the same pixel unit is θ, and a vertical distance between the lowest point of the light splitting curved surface and the display panel is H, then H ═ W-PAB)/(2*tanθ)。
In an embodiment, a central distance between the viewing-angle pixels of the same target viewing angle in two adjacent groups of the pixel units is PABThe ratio of the orthographic projection distance W of each light splitting curved surface on the display panel is as follows: pAB/W＝1/3～3/4。
According to the technical scheme of the optical element and the display device provided by the embodiment of the application, the optical element comprises: a flat sheet layer; the light splitting layer is positioned on the flat plate layer and comprises a plurality of light splitting curved surfaces protruding in the direction far away from the flat plate layer, light rays incident from one side of the flat plate layer can be respectively emergent from N target visual angles in different directions after being refracted by each light splitting curved surface, and emergent light rays of the plurality of light splitting curved surfaces are mutually parallel at the same visual angle, wherein N is a natural number, and N is more than or equal to 2. This application sets up dull and stereotyped layer and beam splitting layer through optimizing the concrete structure that sets up optical element. One side of the light splitting layer back to the flat plate layer is provided with a plurality of light splitting curved surfaces, light rays incident on the flat plate layer can be emitted from different directions after being refracted by each light splitting curved surface, and the light rays emitted from different light splitting curved surfaces in the same direction are parallel to each other, so that different display pictures are formed under a plurality of visual angles, the requirements of viewers for watching different pictures from different angles are met, and the universality of the display panel is favorably improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise. In addition, in the drawings, like parts are denoted by like reference numerals, and the drawings are not drawn to actual scale.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical element according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical element according to a third embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is an optical path analysis diagram of a display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to a fifth embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an OLED display device according to a fifth embodiment of the present application;
1. an optical element; 11. a flat sheet layer; 12. a light splitting layer;
2. a display panel; 21. a substrate; 22. a pixel unit;
211. an array substrate; 212. a color film substrate; 213. a liquid crystal layer; 23. a backlight module; 24. a color resist layer; 25. a common electrode; 220. a pixel electrode;
2101. a buffer layer; 2102. a driving device layer; 2103. a planarization layer; 2104. a pixel defining layer; 221. a first electrode; 222. a second electrode; 223. a light splitting structure; 26. and (7) packaging the layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical element 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present application provides an optical element 1 comprising: a plate layer 11 and a spectroscopic layer 12.
The light splitting layer 12 is located on the flat plate layer 11, the light splitting layer 12 comprises a plurality of light splitting curved surfaces protruding in the direction far away from the flat plate layer 11, light rays incident from one side of the flat plate layer 11 can be respectively emergent from N target visual angles in different directions after being refracted by each light splitting curved surface, and emergent light rays of the plurality of light splitting curved surfaces are mutually parallel under the same visual angle, wherein N is a natural number, and N is more than or equal to 2.
Optionally, in order to improve the assembly efficiency and reduce the assembly error, the flat plate layer 11 and the spectroscopic layer 12 are integrally formed. For example, but not limited to, the optical element 1 is made of small lens ridges with high refractive index, and the material thereof is transparent material such as glass or PMMA.
In one example, a plurality of light-splitting curved surfaces are continuously distributed in a row direction and extend in a column direction, each light-splitting curved surface has two target viewing angles, and an angle theta between the two target viewing angles ranges from 30 DEG ≦ theta <180 deg. In other examples, the plurality of curved spectroscopic surfaces may also be continuously distributed along the column direction and extend along the row direction.
Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the light splitting curved surface along the row direction is arc-shaped, and the plurality of light splitting curved surfaces along the row direction are wavy, so that light rays incident from one side of the flat plate layer 11 can be respectively emitted from N target view angles in different directions after being refracted by each arc-shaped light splitting curved surface, and light rays emitted from different arc-shaped light splitting curved surfaces in the same direction are parallel to each other, so that light paths of N view angles are formed. In other examples, the cross-sectional shape of the spectroscopic curved surface in the row direction may also be any of an ellipse and a sine curve to adjust the light path at the light exit side of the optical element 1 (the light path is at the final position of the optical element 1).
According to the optical element 1 provided in this embodiment, the light splitting layer 12 is disposed on the flat plate layer 11, the light splitting layer 12 includes a plurality of light splitting curved surfaces protruding in a direction away from the flat plate layer 11, light incident from one side of the flat plate layer 11 can be respectively emitted from N target viewing angles in different directions after being refracted by each light splitting curved surface, and emitted light of the plurality of light splitting curved surfaces are parallel to each other at the same viewing angle, where N is a natural number and N is greater than or equal to 2. The optical element 1 is applied to a display device, the optical element 1 is correspondingly arranged on a substrate 21 provided with M groups of pixel units 22, so that each pixel unit 22 of N middle-view angle pixels which respectively emit light rays from N target view angles is arranged corresponding to a light splitting curved surface, thus the orthographic projection of each light splitting curved surface of the optical element 1 on the substrate 21 covers the orthographic projection of the N view angle pixels on the substrate 21, the light rays of the N kinds of view angle pixels are refracted by the light splitting curved surfaces and then respectively emitted along the N target view angles, wherein M and N are natural numbers, N is more than or equal to 2 and less than M, and M is an integral multiple of N. Therefore, the display device forms N different display pictures under N visual angles, meets the requirements of a viewer on viewing different pictures at different angles, and is favorable for improving the user experience of the display device.
In some embodiments, to reduce the light pollution at different viewing angles, the light splitting layer 12 further includes a light shielding surface, and the light shielding surface is located between two adjacent light splitting curved surfaces. For example, but not limited to, a black coating is applied between two adjacent curved spectroscopic surfaces by a black coating technique to form a light shield layer. For example, but not limited to, the black paint is black ink or a black matrix material (photosensitive acryl resin mixed with black pigment).
Example two
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical element 1 according to another embodiment of the present application.
The present application also provides an optical element 1, which is similar to the optical element 1 provided in the first embodiment, except that a plurality of curved dispersing surfaces are arranged in a matrix array, and each curved dispersing surface has at least three target viewing angles distributed in a ring shape.
In the present embodiment, the optical element 1 includes: a plate layer 11 and a spectroscopic layer 12. The light splitting layer 12 is located on the flat plate layer 11, the light splitting layer 12 comprises a plurality of light splitting curved surfaces protruding in the direction far away from the flat plate layer 11, light rays incident from one side of the flat plate layer 11 can be respectively emergent from N target visual angles in different directions after being refracted by each light splitting curved surface, and emergent light rays of the plurality of light splitting curved surfaces are mutually parallel under the same visual angle, wherein N is a natural number, and N is more than or equal to 2.
Optionally, in order to improve the assembly efficiency and reduce the assembly error, the flat plate layer 11 and the spectroscopic layer 12 are integrally formed. For example, but not limited to, the optical element 1 is made of small lens ridges with high refractive index, and the material thereof is transparent material such as glass or PMMA.
In some embodiments, to reduce the light pollution at different viewing angles, the light splitting layer 12 further includes a light shielding surface, and the light shielding surface is located between two adjacent light splitting curved surfaces. For example, but not limited to, a black coating is applied between two adjacent curved spectroscopic surfaces by a black coating technique to form a light shield layer. For example, but not limited to, the black paint is black ink or a black matrix material (photosensitive acryl resin mixed with black pigment).
In some embodiments, the shape of the curved spectroscopic surface is a hemispherical surface or an arc-shaped spherical surface.
In this embodiment, the light splitting curved surfaces are hemispherical surfaces, so that light rays incident from one side of the flat plate layer 11 can be respectively emitted from N target viewing angles in different directions after being refracted by each hemispherical light splitting curved surface, and light rays emitted from different arc light splitting curved surfaces in the same direction are parallel to each other, so that light paths of N viewing angles are formed.
According to the optical element 1 provided in this embodiment, the light splitting layer 12 is disposed on the flat plate layer 11, the light splitting layer 12 includes a plurality of light splitting curved surfaces protruding in a direction away from the flat plate layer 11, light incident from one side of the flat plate layer 11 can be respectively emitted from N target viewing angles in different directions after being refracted by each light splitting curved surface, and emitted light of the plurality of light splitting curved surfaces are parallel to each other at the same viewing angle, where N is a natural number and N is greater than or equal to 2. The optical element 1 is applied to a display device, the optical element 1 is correspondingly arranged on a substrate 21 provided with M groups of pixel units 22, so that each pixel unit 22 of N middle-view angle pixels which respectively emit light rays from N target view angles is arranged corresponding to a light splitting curved surface, thus the orthographic projection of each light splitting curved surface of the optical element 1 on the substrate 21 covers the orthographic projection of the N view angle pixels on the substrate 21, the light rays of the N kinds of view angle pixels are refracted by the light splitting curved surfaces and then respectively emitted along the N target view angles, wherein M and N are natural numbers, N is more than or equal to 2 and less than M, and M is an integral multiple of N. Therefore, the display device forms N different display pictures under N visual angles, meets the requirements of a viewer on viewing different pictures at different angles, and is favorable for improving the user experience of the display device.
In other embodiments, the shape of the curved surface is formed by overlapping at least three hemispheres or at least three arc-shaped hemispheres.
EXAMPLE III
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical element 1 according to another embodiment of the present application.
The present application further provides an optical element 1, which has a similar structure to the optical element 1 provided in the first and second embodiments, except that the plurality of curved splitting surfaces are polyhedrons, and include at least three light emitting surfaces for emitting light rays along at least three target viewing angles.
In the present embodiment, the optical element 1 includes: a plate layer 11 and a spectroscopic layer 12. The light splitting layer 12 is located on the flat plate layer 11, the light splitting layer 12 comprises a plurality of light splitting curved surfaces protruding in the direction far away from the flat plate layer 11, light rays incident from one side of the flat plate layer 11 can be respectively emergent from N target visual angles in different directions after being refracted by each light splitting curved surface, and emergent light rays of the plurality of light splitting curved surfaces are mutually parallel under the same visual angle, wherein N is a natural number, and N is more than or equal to 2.
Optionally, the shape of the plurality of curved light splitting surfaces in this embodiment is a trihedron. For example, but not limited to, the plurality of light-splitting curved surfaces in the trihedral structure include three light-splitting curved surfaces having the same area.
Example four
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment of the present application; FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the display device shown in FIG. 4 at A; FIG. 6 is a front view of a display device in a row direction according to another embodiment of the present application; fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to yet another embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 4 to 6, an embodiment of the present application further provides a display device, including: a display panel and an optical element 1 as described above.
In this embodiment, the display panel includes a substrate 21 and M groups of pixel units 22 disposed on the substrate 21, where each group of pixel units 22 includes N kinds of viewing angle pixels emitting light along N target viewing angles, and each kind of viewing angle pixel includes at least one sub-pixel. The optical element 1 is arranged on the light-emitting side of the display panel, the orthographic projection of each light-splitting curved surface of the optical element 1 on the substrate 21 covers the orthographic projection of N visual angle pixels on the substrate 21, and the light rays of the visual angle pixels in N are refracted by the light-splitting curved surfaces and then are emitted along N target visual angles respectively, wherein M and N are natural numbers, N is more than or equal to 2 and is less than M, and M is an integral multiple of N.
Alternatively, to make efficient use of space on the substrate 21 to set the density of the pixel cells 22 reasonably, P will beA＝PBW setting. Thus, not only ensuring the effective emission of light rays at each visual angle,the integrity of the displayed image is ensured; the number of the pixel units 22 on the substrate 21 is increased, which is beneficial to improving the definition of the displayed image. It should be understood that the value of W relative to P is allowed to vary due to the processing technologyA/PBThe values of (A) are different within a controllable range.
In some embodiments, the orthographic projection distance W of each of the curved light-splitting surfaces on the substrate 21 is P, and the central distance between the viewing-angle pixels of the same target viewing angle in the two adjacent groups of pixel units 22 is PABWhen the effective viewing angle between pixels with the same viewing angle in the same pixel unit 22 is θ, and the vertical distance between the lowest point of the light splitting curved surface and the display panel is H, H is (W-P)AB)/(2*tanθ)。
Specifically, the thickness of the optical element 1 is optimized. Specifically, the thickness at the lowest point of the optical element 1 is inversely related to the effective viewing angle of the viewing-angle pixel, and H ═ W-PAB) /(2 × tan θ) settings. Therefore, the whole thickness of the display panel is reduced, and the display panel is light and thin.
In some embodiments, the center distance between the viewing-angle pixels of the same target viewing angle in two adjacent groups of pixel units 22 is PABThe ratio of the orthographic projection distance W of each light splitting curved surface on the display panel is as follows: pAB/W＝1/3～3/4。
Specifically, the pitches of the pixels of different viewing angles within the same pixel unit 22 are optimized. The center-to-center distance between two adjacent viewing angle pixels at different viewing angles has a direct relationship with the span of the corresponding light splitting curved surface on the substrate 21, specifically, PABThe device is set up in the range of (1/3-3/4) W. This is advantageous for improving the utilization rate of the substrate 21 and reducing the space loss of the substrate 21 due to the blank space.
Optionally, the ratio of the radius R of the light splitting curved surface to the vertical distance H between the lowest point of the light splitting curved surface and the substrate 21 is 1.2-3.
In this embodiment, the arc surface portion of the light splitting curved surface is optimized. Specifically, the radius R of the cambered surface of the light splitting curved surface is positively correlated with H, and R is (1.2-3) H.
As shown in fig. 7, in some embodiments, the display panel is a liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel includes an array substrate 2111, a docking substrate 2122 disposed opposite to the array substrate 2111, and a liquid crystal layer 213 disposed between the array substrate 2111 and the docking substrate 2122. The liquid crystal layer 213 includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules, which are generally rod-shaped, and which are both liquid-like and have certain crystalline characteristics. When liquid crystal molecules are placed in an electric field, their alignment direction changes according to the change of the electric field.
Since the liquid crystal display panel is a non-emissive light receiving element, a light source needs to be provided through the backlight module 23 disposed on the backlight side thereof. The liquid crystal display panel controls the rotation of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer by applying a driving voltage to the array substrate 2111 and the butt substrate 2122, so as to refract light provided by the backlight module 23 to generate a picture. In order to display a color image, a thin film transistor array is generally fabricated on the array substrate 2111 for driving the rotation of liquid crystal molecules to control the display of each sub-pixel.
Specifically, when the display panel is a liquid crystal display panel, the optical element 1 is located above the upper polarizer 24 of the liquid crystal display panel, and the display device further includes a backlight module 23. The backlight module 23 is used for providing light source for the liquid crystal display panel. An upper polarizer 24 is disposed on the opposite substrate 212 for forming the color of each sub-pixel. The array substrate 211 adopts a DBS (Dataline BM Less) architecture, and a transparent shielding common electrode 25 is disposed on the array substrate 211 side instead of the black matrix BM above the data lines.
The docking board 212 includes a docking substrate 2121, an optical element 1 provided on the docking substrate 2121, and a docking common electrode 2122 provided on the optical element 1. The transparent shielding common electrode 25 is disposed on one side of the array substrate 211 to shield the electric field above the data line, and the potential of the shielding common electrode 25 is the same as the potential of the alignment common electrode 2122 on the docking substrate 212, so that the corresponding liquid crystal molecules above the data line are always in an undeflected state, thereby achieving the effect of shielding light.
When the thin film transistor of the array substrate 211 is turned on by a signal applied to the gate electrode, a signal applied to the data line is applied to the pixel electrode 220. Accordingly, an electric field of a predetermined intensity is generated between the pixel electrode 220 and the counter common electrode 2122, and the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is changed by applying different voltages, thereby adjusting the transmittance of light and displaying an image.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, in the present embodiment, the display device has two different viewing angles that are symmetrically arranged: a P1 viewing angle and a P2 viewing angle. The display device includes a liquid crystal display panel and an optical element 1. The number of the pixel units 22 on the liquid crystal display panel is M, each pixel unit 22 comprises two kinds of visual angle pixels, wherein the two kinds of visual angle pixels emit light respectively at two target visual angles, and each kind of visual angle pixel comprises a plurality of sub-pixels; the cross-sectional shape of the light splitting curved surface of the optical element 1 along the row direction is arc, a plurality of light splitting curved surfaces are continuously distributed along the row direction and extend along the column direction, each light splitting curved surface has two optical path target viewing angles, each light splitting curved surface is arranged corresponding to one pixel unit 22, light emitted from the backlight module enters from one side of the flat plate layer 11 of the optical element 1 after passing through the liquid crystal layer, and then exits from the side of the light splitting curved surface of the optical element 1. Moreover, the light rays incident from one side of the flat plate layer 11 can be respectively emitted from two target viewing angles (P1 viewing angle and P2 viewing angle) in different directions after being refracted by each arc-shaped light splitting curved surface, and the light rays emitted from different arc-shaped light splitting curved surfaces in the P1 viewing angle are parallel to each other, so that a display pattern of a P1 viewing angle is formed in the direction; the light rays emitted from different arc-shaped light splitting curved surfaces in the P2 view angle are parallel to each other, so that a display pattern with a P2 view angle is formed in the direction. Meanwhile, black ink is coated between the two adjacent light splitting curved surfaces to prevent light pollution between the two adjacent light splitting curved surfaces. For example, but not limiting of, the angle θ between the two target viewing angles P1 and P2 in the present embodiment has a value of 60 °.
EXAMPLE five
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to another embodiment of the present application; fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an OLED display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 8, the present application also provides another display device, which is similar in structure to the display device provided in the fourth embodiment, except that a plurality of curved dispersing surfaces are arranged in a matrix array, and each curved dispersing surface has at least three target viewing angles in a ring-shaped distribution.
In this embodiment, the display device includes: a display panel and an optical element 1 as described above.
In some embodiments, the display panel is an OLED display panel. The OLED display panel substrate 21 includes a plurality of film layers and pixel circuits disposed on the film layers, and the sub-pixels are organic light emitting diodes electrically connected to the pixel circuits.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, a buffer layer 2101, a driving device layer 2102, a planarization layer 2103, and a pixel defining layer 2104 are further disposed on the substrate 21 of the OLED display panel. The pixel defining layer 2104 includes a plurality of pixel openings, the driving device layer 2102 is provided with a pixel circuit including a thin film transistor and a capacitor, the sub-pixels are organic light emitting diodes including a first electrode 221, a second electrode 222 and a light emitting structure 223 disposed between the first electrode 221 and the second electrode 222, the pixel openings expose the first electrode 221, and the thin film transistor is electrically connected to any one of the first electrode 221 and the second electrode 222 of the sub-pixels for supplying power to the sub-pixels.
In this embodiment, one of the first electrode 221 and the second electrode 222 is an anode, and the other is a cathode. The light emitting structure 223 may further include at least one of a Hole Injection Layer (HIL), a Hole Transport Layer (HTL), an Electron Injection Layer (EIL), or an Electron Transport Layer (ETL).
In one example, a plurality of pixel units 22 are disposed on each substrate 21, and each pixel unit 22 includes sub-pixels of three colors: the red sub-pixel R, the green sub-pixel G, and the blue sub-pixel B are fabricated by depositing RGB (red, green, and blue) sub-pixels on the substrate 21. In another example, each pixel cell 22 includes four sub-pixels: red sub-pixel R, green sub-pixel G, blue sub-pixel B and sub-pixels of other colors, such as white sub-pixel W or yellow sub-pixel Y. The image formed by the pixel units 22 on each substrate 21 at each viewing angle is the display screen of the display panel at the viewing angle. The pixel units 22 at the N viewing angles can together form a display image of the display panel at the N viewing angles.
In addition, the OLED display panel further includes an encapsulation layer 26, the encapsulation layer 26 is located on a side of the plurality of pixel units 22 away from the sub-pixels, and the encapsulation layer 26 includes a first inorganic layer, an organic layer, and a second inorganic layer sequentially disposed along a direction away from the sub-pixels. The first inorganic layer and the second inorganic layer are transparent inorganic film layers, and have good light transmission performance and good water and oxygen barrier performance. The first inorganic layer and the second inorganic layer completely cover the N viewing angle pixels of the plurality of functional units, preventing moisture from invading from the side to affect the electrical performance of the pixel unit 22. The organic layer is made of transparent organic conductive resin, and specifically comprises transparent matrix resin, conductive molecules and/or conductive ions. The organic layer has high elasticity, is clamped between the first inorganic layer and the second inorganic layer, can inhibit the cracking of the inorganic film, release the stress between the inorganic substances, and can improve the flexibility of the whole packaging layer 26, thereby realizing reliable flexible packaging. In this embodiment, the optical element 1 is disposed above the pixel unit 22 of the display panel and below the encapsulation layer 26.
As shown in fig. 8, in the present embodiment, the display device has four different viewing angles symmetrically arranged: p1, P2, P3 and P4 viewing angles. The display device comprises an OLED display panel and an optical element 1. The number of the pixel units 22 on the OLED display panel is M, each pixel unit 22 includes four viewing angle pixels, where four target viewing angles respectively emit light, and each viewing angle pixel includes a plurality of sub-pixels; the cross-sectional shape of the light splitting curved surface of the optical element 1 along the row direction is hemispherical, a plurality of light splitting curved surfaces are distributed in an array manner, each light splitting curved surface has four light path target viewing angles, each light splitting curved surface is arranged corresponding to one pixel unit 22, and the four light path target viewing angles correspond to four visual pixels. In this manner, light emitted from the sub-pixel enters the flat plate layer 11 side of the optical element 1, and then exits the optical element 1 on the spectroscopic curved surface side. Moreover, the light rays incident from one side of the flat plate layer 11 can be respectively emitted from four target viewing angles (a P1 viewing angle, a P2 viewing angle, a P3 viewing angle and a P4 viewing angle) in different directions after being refracted by each hemispherical splitting curved surface, and the light rays emitted from different hemispherical splitting curved surfaces in a P1 viewing angle are mutually parallel, so that a display pattern with a P1 viewing angle is formed in the direction; the light rays emitted from different hemispherical light splitting curved surfaces at the P2 visual angle are parallel to each other, so that a display pattern at a P2 visual angle is formed in the direction; the light rays emitted from different hemispherical light splitting curved surfaces at the P3 visual angle are parallel to each other, so that a display pattern at a P3 visual angle is formed in the direction; the light rays emitted from different hemispherical curved spectroscopic surfaces at the view angle of P4 are parallel to each other to form a display pattern at the view angle of P4 in the direction. Meanwhile, black ink is coated on one side of the flat plate layer 11 on one side of the light splitting curved surfaces between the two light splitting curved surfaces to prevent light pollution between the two adjacent light splitting curved surfaces.
It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. It should be readily understood that "on … …", "above … …" and "above … …" in this application should be interpreted in its broadest sense such that "on … …" means not only "directly on something", but also includes the meaning of "on something" with intervening features or layers therebetween, and "above … …" or "above … …" includes not only the meaning of "above something" or "above" but also includes the meaning of "above something" or "above" without intervening features or layers therebetween (i.e., directly on something).
The term "substrate" as used herein refers to a material on which a subsequent layer of material is added. The substrate itself may be patterned. The material added atop the substrate may be patterned or may remain unpatterned. In addition, the substrate may comprise a wide range of materials, such as silicon, germanium, gallium arsenide, indium phosphide, and the like. Alternatively, the substrate may be made of a non-conductive material (e.g., glass, plastic, or sapphire wafer, etc.).
The term "layer" as used herein may refer to a portion of material that includes a region having a thickness. A layer may extend over the entire underlying or overlying structure or may have a smaller extent than the underlying or overlying structure. Furthermore, a layer may be a region of a continuous structure, homogeneous or heterogeneous, having a thickness less than the thickness of the continuous structure. For example, a layer may be located between the top and bottom surfaces of the continuous structure or between any pair of lateral planes at the top and bottom surfaces. The layers may extend laterally, vertically, and/or along a tapered surface. The substrate may be a layer, may include one or more layers therein, and/or may have one or more layers located thereon, above and/or below. The layer may comprise a plurality of layers. For example, the interconnect layer may include one or more conductors and contact layers (within which contacts, interconnect lines, and/or vias are formed) and one or more dielectric layers.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An optical element, comprising:
a flat sheet layer;
the light splitting layer is positioned on the flat plate layer and comprises a plurality of light splitting curved surfaces protruding in the direction far away from the flat plate layer, light rays incident from one side of the flat plate layer can be respectively emergent from N target visual angles in different directions after being refracted by each light splitting curved surface, and emergent light rays of the plurality of light splitting curved surfaces are mutually parallel at the same visual angle, wherein N is a natural number, and N is more than or equal to 2.
2. An optical element as recited in claim 1, wherein said plurality of optically dispersive curved surfaces are continuously distributed along a row direction and extend along a column direction, each of said optically dispersive curved surfaces has two target viewing angles, and an angle θ between two of said target viewing angles is in a range of 30 ° ≦ θ <180 °.
3. The optical element according to claim 2, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the curved spectroscopic surface in the row direction is any one of an arc shape, an ellipse shape, and a sine curve shape.
4. The optical element according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of optically splitting curved surfaces are arranged in a rectangular array, and each optically splitting curved surface has at least three target viewing angles distributed in a ring shape.
5. The optical element according to claim 4, wherein the shape of the curved spectroscopic surface is a hemispherical surface or an arc-shaped spherical surface; or the shape of the light splitting curved surface is formed by mutually overlapping at least three hemispherical surfaces or at least three hemispherical arc spherical surfaces.
6. The optical element according to claim 4, wherein the curved spectroscopic surface is shaped as a polyhedron including at least three exit surfaces for emitting light rays along at least three target viewing angles.
7. The optical element according to claim 1, wherein the light splitting layer further comprises a light shielding surface, and the light shielding surface is located between two adjacent light splitting curved surfaces.
8. A display device, comprising:
the display panel comprises a substrate and M groups of pixel units arranged on the substrate, wherein each group of pixel units comprises N kinds of visual angle pixels which emit light rays along N target visual angles respectively, and each kind of visual angle pixel comprises at least one sub-pixel;
the optical element according to any one of claims 1 to 7, disposed on a light-emitting side of the display panel, wherein an orthogonal projection of each light-splitting curved surface of the optical element on the substrate covers orthogonal projections of N viewing angle pixels on the substrate, and light rays of N viewing angle pixels are refracted by the light-splitting curved surfaces and then emitted along N target viewing angles, where M and N are natural numbers, N is greater than or equal to 2 and less than M, and M is an integer multiple of N.
9. The device according to claim 8, wherein an orthogonal projection distance W of each of the curved dispersing surfaces on the substrate is P, and a central distance between the viewing-angle pixels of the same target viewing angle in two adjacent groups of the pixel units is PABThe effective angle of view between pixels with the same view angle in the same pixel unit is theta, and the vertical distance between the lowest point of the light splitting curved surface and the display panel is thetaH, then H ═ W-PAB)/(2*tanθ)。
10. The display device according to claim 8, wherein a center distance between the viewing-angle pixels of the same target viewing angle in two adjacent groups of the pixel units is PABThe ratio of the orthographic projection distance W of each light splitting curved surface on the display panel is as follows: pAB/W＝1/3～3/4。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111536371.8A CN114236862A (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | Optical element and display device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111536371.8A CN114236862A (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | Optical element and display device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114236862A true CN114236862A (en) | 2022-03-25 |
Family
ID=80756616
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111536371.8A Pending CN114236862A (en) | 2021-12-15 | 2021-12-15 | Optical element and display device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114236862A (en) |
Citations (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090213568A1 (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2009-08-27 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Multi view display device |
| CN101566729A (en) * | 2008-04-22 | 2009-10-28 | 三星电子株式会社 | Display device and lenticular sheet of display device |
| CN102565891A (en) * | 2010-10-06 | 2012-07-11 | 施乐公司 | Printed lenticules for lenticular printing |
| CN103838034A (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2014-06-04 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Backlight module and dual-view display device |
| CN103995312A (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2014-08-20 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Light guide plate, double-vision backlight module and double-vision display device |
| CN104536069A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2015-04-22 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Splitting film, backlight module and display device |
| CN105654874A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-06-08 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Double-vision display device and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105700065A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-06-22 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Light guide plate, backlight module group and display device |
| CN106154623A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-23 | 南京中电熊猫液晶显示科技有限公司 | Double picture display panels and device |
| CN110518040A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-29 | 上海中航光电子有限公司 | A kind of array substrate, display panel and display device |
| CN111338123A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-06-26 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | Display panel, manufacturing method thereof and display device |
| CN111796349A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-10-20 | Tcl华星光电技术有限公司 | Visual angle diffusion film and display panel |
| CN111983739A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2020-11-24 | 宁波激智科技股份有限公司 | Dimming layer, triple light-splitting dimming layer and visual angle modulation component |
| CN112882240A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-06-01 | 拾斛科技(南京)有限公司 | Display device and display method |
| CN113394351A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-14 | 武汉天马微电子有限公司 | Display panel and display device |
-
2021
- 2021-12-15 CN CN202111536371.8A patent/CN114236862A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20090213568A1 (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2009-08-27 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Multi view display device |
| CN101566729A (en) * | 2008-04-22 | 2009-10-28 | 三星电子株式会社 | Display device and lenticular sheet of display device |
| CN102565891A (en) * | 2010-10-06 | 2012-07-11 | 施乐公司 | Printed lenticules for lenticular printing |
| CN103838034A (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2014-06-04 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Backlight module and dual-view display device |
| CN103995312A (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2014-08-20 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Light guide plate, double-vision backlight module and double-vision display device |
| CN104536069A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2015-04-22 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Splitting film, backlight module and display device |
| CN105654874A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2016-06-08 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Double-vision display device and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105700065A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-06-22 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Light guide plate, backlight module group and display device |
| CN106154623A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-23 | 南京中电熊猫液晶显示科技有限公司 | Double picture display panels and device |
| CN111983739A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2020-11-24 | 宁波激智科技股份有限公司 | Dimming layer, triple light-splitting dimming layer and visual angle modulation component |
| CN110518040A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-29 | 上海中航光电子有限公司 | A kind of array substrate, display panel and display device |
| CN111338123A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-06-26 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | Display panel, manufacturing method thereof and display device |
| CN111796349A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-10-20 | Tcl华星光电技术有限公司 | Visual angle diffusion film and display panel |
| CN112882240A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-06-01 | 拾斛科技(南京)有限公司 | Display device and display method |
| CN113394351A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-14 | 武汉天马微电子有限公司 | Display panel and display device |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US20210193763A1 (en) | Display panel and method for manufacturing the same, display device and control method thereof | |
| US20230389388A1 (en) | Display apparatus and method of manufacturing the same | |
| US9478772B2 (en) | Display device | |
| US20220308411A1 (en) | Array substrate, light control panel, and display device | |
| US20120243071A1 (en) | Electro-wetting display device | |
| WO2017084396A1 (en) | Display substrate, display panel, and display apparatus | |
| US11587984B2 (en) | Display substrate and preparation method thereof, and display panel | |
| CN109870855A (en) | A kind of array substrate, liquid crystal display panel and liquid crystal display device | |
| CN111584571A (en) | Under-screen camera display panel and preparation method thereof | |
| US20220093690A1 (en) | Display panel, display screen and display device | |
| CN101576673A (en) | Liquid crystal display | |
| CN113130619B (en) | Display substrate, display panel and display device | |
| CN113328054A (en) | Display panel and display device | |
| EP4024491A1 (en) | Display apparatus and preparation method therefor, and electronic device | |
| CN217279198U (en) | Display device | |
| CN112687193A (en) | Display panel | |
| CN113053973B (en) | Display substrate, color film substrate, display panel and display device | |
| KR20160018977A (en) | Optical film and display device comprising the same | |
| CN115407544B (en) | Reflective display panel and display device | |
| CN114236862A (en) | Optical element and display device | |
| CN114255668A (en) | Display panel and display device | |
| TWI815661B (en) | Electronic device | |
| CN115472659B (en) | Display panel and display device | |
| CN110323262B (en) | Array substrate, display panel and display device | |
| US20220399415A1 (en) | Display panel and manufacturing method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |