CN114235765A - Method for detecting dermatophyte - Google Patents
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- CN114235765A CN114235765A CN202111505255.XA CN202111505255A CN114235765A CN 114235765 A CN114235765 A CN 114235765A CN 202111505255 A CN202111505255 A CN 202111505255A CN 114235765 A CN114235765 A CN 114235765A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 241001480043 Arthrodermataceae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000037304 dermatophytes Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 231100000640 hair analysis Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 206010017533 Fungal infection Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 208000031888 Mycoses Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000832 Cutin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000206602 Eukaryota Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000053095 fungal pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004400 mucous membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/30—Staining; Impregnating ; Fixation; Dehydration; Multistep processes for preparing samples of tissue, cell or nucleic acid material and the like for analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/38—Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6486—Measuring fluorescence of biological material, e.g. DNA, RNA, cells
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of fungus detection, in particular to a method for detecting dermatophyte, which aims at solving the problems that when the existing fungus is detected and manufactured into a glass slide, a plurality of treatment methods exist, an optimal detection method is difficult to find, and the fungus detection efficiency is influenced, and provides the following scheme, which comprises the following steps: s1: preparing a sample from the dander, the nail dander or the hair sample; s2: crushing the sample by a homogenizer, mixing uniformly and centrifuging; s3: discarding the supernatant, taking a sediment smear or using automatic equipment for flaking, and marking; s4: dripping a fungus fluorescent staining solution on the labeled sample slide, and recording the color development time; s5: calculating the average color development time of the labeled sample slide, recording the average color development time as detection time, and comparing a plurality of detection times; according to the invention, the shortest detection time is conveniently found by comparing a plurality of detection times, so that the optimal detection method can be obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fungus detection, in particular to a method for detecting dermatophytes.
Background
Fungi are a kind of eukaryote, and are simply classified into yeasts, fungi, and mushrooms (mushrooms) according to their growth characteristics and morphological differences. Of these, there are over 300 kinds of fungi that are pathogenic to humans, and most of the medically significant pathogenic fungi are molds. Fungal infections are clinically classified into superficial fungal infections and deep fungal infections depending on the site of invasion. The superficial fungal infection is a disease caused by fungus invading the skin, hair and nails of human body. Deep fungal infection is the infection of the fungi invading the mucous membrane, deep tissues and internal organs of the human body and even causing systemic disseminated infection. The deep fungal infection is a serious infection, the mortality rate is high, and the fungal detection generally finds hypha and spores by making a slide for direct microscopic examination.
When the existing fungus detection is used for manufacturing glass slides, various processing methods exist, an optimal detection method is difficult to find, and the fungus detection efficiency is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects that when the existing fungus detection is used for manufacturing a glass slide, various treatment methods exist, an optimal detection method is difficult to find, and the fungus detection efficiency is influenced, and provides a method for detecting dermatophytes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for dermatophyte detection, comprising the steps of:
s1: preparing a sample from the dander, the nail dander or the hair sample;
s2: crushing the sample by a homogenizer, mixing uniformly and centrifuging;
s3: discarding the supernatant, taking a sediment smear or using automatic equipment for flaking, and marking;
s4: dripping a fungus fluorescent staining solution on the labeled sample slide, and recording the color development time;
s5: calculating the average color development time of the labeled sample slide, recording the average color development time as detection time, and comparing a plurality of detection times;
s6: and judging the optimal inspection method according to the comparison result.
Preferably, in S1, the skin, nail or hair sample is stored in the sample treatment fluid and kept standing at 37-50 ℃ for 3-10min to prepare the sample, and the fungus can be easily shed from the skin, nail or hair sample by the sample treatment fluid.
Preferably, in S2, after the sample is taken out, the sample is crushed by the homogenizer, mixed uniformly and placed in the centrifuge, the rotation speed is adjusted to 10000-.
Preferably, in S3, the supernatant of the centrifuged sample is discarded, and the centrifuged sample is filtered through a 0.22 μm filter, and the supernatant is discarded by filtration.
Preferably, in S4, the filtered precipitate is smeared with 10% -15% potassium hydroxide solution or 2-4 sample slides are prepared by using a liquid-based thin-layer automatic cytology processing machine, and labeled, and the sample slides are prepared for convenient staining.
Preferably, in S5, a fungus fluorescent staining solution is dropped on the labeled sample slide, and the color development time is recorded by real-time monitoring through a high power lens, so that the fungus can be stained by the fungus fluorescent staining solution.
Preferably, in S5, the average color development time of the same batch of labeled sample slides is obtained and recorded as the detection time, and the detection times of a plurality of batches of labeled sample slides are compared one by one, so that the comparison is facilitated by obtaining the average color development time.
Preferably, in S6, the detection time with the smaller value after comparison is compared again until the minimum detection time is obtained, and the detection method for the slide preparation corresponding to the detection time is the optimal detection method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the scheme, the sample slides are labeled, the corresponding color development time is conveniently recorded, the average number is obtained through the color development time of the labeled sample slides of the same batch, comparison is conveniently carried out, the shortest detection time is conveniently found through comparison of a plurality of detection times, and then the best detection method can be obtained.
This scheme is ground the sample through the homogenizer, can get rid of skin cutin and disturb, and supplementary dyeing liquor infiltration improves positive relevance ratio to can realize automatic operation through the automatic cell pelleter of liquid-based thin layer, improve daily inspection flux, the operation is automatic, reduces the cost of labor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for dermatophyte detection according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, a method for dermatophyte detection includes the steps of:
s1: preparing a sample from the dander, the nail dander or the hair sample;
s2: crushing the sample by a homogenizer, mixing uniformly and centrifuging;
s3: discarding the supernatant, taking a sediment smear or using automatic equipment for flaking, and marking;
s4: dripping a fungus fluorescent staining solution on the labeled sample slide, and recording the color development time;
s5: calculating the average color development time of the labeled sample slide, recording the average color development time as detection time, and comparing a plurality of detection times;
s6: and judging the optimal inspection method according to the comparison result.
In this embodiment, in S1, the skin, nail or hair sample is stored in the sample treatment solution and left to stand at 37 ℃ for 3min to prepare a sample, and the fungus can be easily detached from the skin, nail or hair sample by the sample treatment solution.
In this embodiment, in S2, after the sample is taken out, the sample is crushed by the homogenizer, mixed uniformly and placed in the centrifuge, the rotation speed is adjusted to 10000rpm, the centrifugation time is 2min, and the solid-liquid separation can be performed by the centrifuge treatment.
In this example, in S3, the supernatant of the centrifuged sample was discarded, and the centrifuged sample was filtered through a 0.22 μm filter to discard the supernatant.
In this embodiment, in S4, 2 sample slides are prepared by adding 10% potassium hydroxide solution smear to the filtered precipitate or using a liquid-based thin-layer automatic cytology slide machine, and labeled, and the sample slides are prepared for convenient staining.
In this embodiment, in S5, a fungus fluorescent staining solution is dropped on the labeled sample slide, and the high power lens is used to monitor the sample slide in real time, record the color development time, and dye the fungus with the fungus fluorescent staining solution.
In this embodiment, in S5, the average color development time of the same batch of labeled sample slides is obtained and recorded as the detection time, and the detection times of a plurality of batches of labeled sample slides are compared one by one, so that the comparison is facilitated by obtaining the average color development time.
In this embodiment, in S6, the detection time with the smaller value after comparison is compared again until the minimum detection time is obtained, and the detection method for the slide preparation corresponding to the detection time is the optimal detection method.
Example two
Referring to fig. 1, a method for dermatophyte detection includes the steps of:
s1: preparing a sample from the dander, the nail dander or the hair sample;
s2: crushing the sample by a homogenizer, mixing uniformly and centrifuging;
s3: discarding the supernatant, taking a sediment smear or using automatic equipment for flaking, and marking;
s4: dripping a fungus fluorescent staining solution on the labeled sample slide, and recording the color development time;
s5: calculating the average color development time of the labeled sample slide, recording the average color development time as detection time, and comparing a plurality of detection times;
s6: and judging the optimal inspection method according to the comparison result.
In this embodiment, in S1, the skin, nail or hair sample is stored in the sample treatment solution and left to stand at 44 ℃ for 6min to prepare a sample, and the fungus can be easily detached from the skin, nail or hair sample by the sample treatment solution.
In this example, in S2, after the sample is taken out, the sample is crushed by the homogenizer, mixed uniformly and placed in the centrifuge, the rotation speed is adjusted to 11000rpm, the centrifugation time is 2.5min, and the solid-liquid separation can be performed by the centrifuge.
In this example, in S3, the supernatant of the centrifuged sample was discarded, and the centrifuged sample was filtered through a 0.22 μm filter to discard the supernatant.
In this embodiment, in S4, the filtered precipitate is smeared with a 12% potassium hydroxide solution or 3 sample slides are prepared by using a liquid-based thin-layer automatic cytology slide machine, and the sample slides are labeled to facilitate staining.
In this embodiment, in S5, a fungus fluorescent staining solution is dropped on the labeled sample slide, and the high power lens is used to monitor the sample slide in real time, record the color development time, and dye the fungus with the fungus fluorescent staining solution.
In this embodiment, in S5, the average color development time of the same batch of labeled sample slides is obtained and recorded as the detection time, and the detection times of a plurality of batches of labeled sample slides are compared one by one, so that the comparison is facilitated by obtaining the average color development time.
In this embodiment, in S6, the detection time with the smaller value after comparison is compared again until the minimum detection time is obtained, and the detection method for manufacturing the slide corresponding to the detection time is the optimal detection method
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 1, a method for dermatophyte detection includes the steps of:
s1: preparing a sample from the dander, the nail dander or the hair sample;
s2: crushing the sample by a homogenizer, mixing uniformly and centrifuging;
s3: discarding the supernatant, taking a sediment smear or using automatic equipment for flaking, and marking;
s4: dripping a fungus fluorescent staining solution on the labeled sample slide, and recording the color development time;
s5: calculating the average color development time of the labeled sample slide, recording the average color development time as detection time, and comparing a plurality of detection times;
s6: and judging the optimal inspection method according to the comparison result.
In this embodiment, in S1, the skin, nail or hair sample is stored in the sample treatment solution and left to stand at 50 ℃ for 10min to prepare a sample, and the fungus can be easily detached from the skin, nail or hair sample by the sample treatment solution.
In this example, in S2, after the sample is taken out, the sample is crushed by the homogenizer, mixed uniformly and placed in the centrifuge, the rotation speed is adjusted to 12000rpm, the centrifugation time is 3min, and the solid-liquid separation can be performed by the centrifuge treatment.
In this example, in S3, the supernatant of the centrifuged sample was discarded, and the centrifuged sample was filtered through a 0.22 μm filter to discard the supernatant.
In this embodiment, in S4, the filtered precipitate is smeared with 15% potassium hydroxide solution or 4 sample slides are prepared by using a liquid-based thin-layer automatic cytology slide machine, and the sample slides are labeled to facilitate staining.
In this embodiment, in S5, a fungus fluorescent staining solution is dropped on the labeled sample slide, and the high power lens is used to monitor the sample slide in real time, record the color development time, and dye the fungus with the fungus fluorescent staining solution.
In this embodiment, in S5, the average color development time of the same batch of labeled sample slides is obtained and recorded as the detection time, and the detection times of a plurality of batches of labeled sample slides are compared one by one, so that the comparison is facilitated by obtaining the average color development time.
In this embodiment, in S6, the detection time with the smaller value after comparison is compared again until the minimum detection time is obtained, and the detection method for the slide preparation corresponding to the detection time is the optimal detection method.
Through the method for detecting dermatophyte provided by the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the third embodiment, a plurality of detection times can be compared, the shortest detection time can be conveniently found, the best detection method can be further obtained, meanwhile, the sample is crushed through the homogenizer, the skin cutin interference can be removed, the dyeing liquid permeation is assisted, the positive detection rate is improved, the automatic operation can be realized through the liquid-based thin-layer automatic cell pelleter, the daily detection quantity is improved, the operation is automatic, the labor cost is reduced, and the second embodiment is the best embodiment.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for dermatophyte detection, comprising the steps of:
s1: preparing a sample from the dander, the nail dander or the hair sample;
s2: crushing the sample by a homogenizer, mixing uniformly and centrifuging;
s3: discarding the supernatant, taking a sediment smear or using automatic equipment for flaking, and marking;
s4: dripping a fungus fluorescent staining solution on the labeled sample slide, and recording the color development time;
s5: calculating the average color development time of the labeled sample slide, recording the average color development time as detection time, and comparing a plurality of detection times;
s6: and judging the optimal inspection method according to the comparison result.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the skin, nail or hair specimen is stored in the specimen treatment liquid and kept standing at 37-50 ℃ for 3-10min to prepare the specimen.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S2, after the sample is taken out, the sample is crushed by a homogenizer, mixed and placed in a centrifuge, the rotation speed is 10000-.
4. The method for detecting dermatophytes according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the centrifuged sample is discarded of the supernatant and filtered through a 0.22 μm filter.
5. The method for dermatophyte detection according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the filtered sediment is smeared with 10% -15% potassium hydroxide solution or 2-4 sample slides are prepared by using a liquid-based thin-layer automatic cytology processing machine and labeled.
6. The method for detecting dermatophytes according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, a fungus fluorescent staining solution is dripped on the labeled sample slide, and real-time monitoring is performed through a high power lens, and the color development time is recorded.
7. The method for detecting dermatophytes according to claim 6, wherein in step S5, the average color development time of the same batch of labeled sample slides is determined and recorded as the detection time, and the detection times of multiple batches of labeled sample slides are compared one by one.
8. The method for dermatophyte detection according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the detection time with the smaller value after comparison is compared again until the minimum detection time is obtained, and the detection method for the slide production corresponding to the detection time is the optimal detection method.
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