CN114235448A - Rail vehicle bogie wheel fatigue damage assessment method and system - Google Patents
Rail vehicle bogie wheel fatigue damage assessment method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rail vehicle bogie wheel fatigue damage assessment method and a rail vehicle bogie wheel fatigue damage assessment system, wherein the rail vehicle bogie wheel fatigue damage assessment method comprises the following steps: acquiring time history curves of dynamic vertical loads and dynamic transverse loads of wheels of a bogie of the railway vehicle; obtaining radial, circumferential and tangential stress time-course curves of a key area set by the wheel based on the vertical load-stress transfer function and the transverse load-stress transfer function; further obtaining a stress time course curve of the wheel in any set direction of a key area; counting stress time-course curves in any set direction of the key area by using a rain flow counting method to obtain a stress spectrum; and calculating the equivalent stress of the wheel based on the stress spectrum, and further calculating to obtain the fatigue damage life of the wheel during the operation of the rail vehicle. The method can realize the fatigue damage distribution in any direction of the wheel fatigue key area, obtain the stress direction corresponding to the maximum fatigue damage in the service process of the wheel, and facilitate the determination of the patch direction in the follow-up wheel line tracking test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wheel fatigue damage assessment, in particular to a method and a system for assessing wheel fatigue damage of a railway vehicle bogie.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
With the continuous improvement of the operation speed of the rail transit vehicle, the line condition is continuously deteriorated, the wheel track excitation borne by the bogie is continuously increased, and the influence on a series of unsprung parts is more serious; the wheels, which are important running parts of the rail vehicle, have an important influence on the safe operation of the vehicle.
At present, the wheel strength evaluation is mainly based on UIC510-5 and other related standards, static strength evaluation is carried out on the wheel state through a static load experiment, but the method has single load, is not high in feasibility and accuracy of wheel fatigue damage evaluation, cannot meet requirements of damage identification and load identification, lacks fatigue life evaluation under the dynamic load coupling effect, and cannot truly reflect fatigue damage generated in the wheel service process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method and a system for evaluating the fatigue damage of a wheel of a bogie of a railway vehicle, wherein dynamic vertical and dynamic transverse load time history curves of the wheel are obtained through a whole vehicle dynamics simulation method or line actual measurement, and radial, circumferential and tangential stress time history curves of a wheel fatigue key area are obtained through calculation by combining a load-stress transfer function; and (3) carrying out cycle counting on the stress time-course curve by adopting a rain flow counting method to obtain a wheel stress spectrum, then calculating the equivalent stress distribution of a wheel fatigue key area based on the fatigue damage consistency, and finally predicting the fatigue life of the wheel.
According to a first aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a rail vehicle bogie wheel fatigue damage assessment method, comprising:
acquiring time history curves of dynamic vertical loads and dynamic transverse loads of wheels of a bogie of the railway vehicle;
obtaining radial, circumferential and tangential stress time-course curves of a key area set by the wheel based on the vertical load-stress transfer function and the transverse load-stress transfer function; further obtaining a stress time course curve of the wheel in any set direction of the key area;
counting stress time-course curves in any set direction of the key area by using a rain flow counting method to obtain a stress spectrum;
and calculating the equivalent stress of the wheel based on the stress spectrum, and further calculating to obtain the fatigue damage life of the wheel during the operation of the rail vehicle.
As a further scheme, a dynamic vertical load and dynamic transverse load time history curve of the wheel is obtained based on a whole rail vehicle dynamics simulation model or a line actual measurement test.
As a further scheme, a set vertical load is applied to a finite element wheel simulation model, the vertical load is applied along the axial direction of a wheel tread, and the radial, tangential or circumferential stress response of a set measuring point of a wheel key region is respectively calculated through finite element simulation to obtain a vertical load-stress transfer function;
as a further scheme, a set transverse load is applied to a finite element wheel simulation model, the transverse load is applied along the axle direction, radial, tangential or circumferential stress responses of set measuring points in a wheel key region are respectively calculated through finite element simulation, and a transverse load-stress transfer function is obtained.
As a further scheme, based on the dynamic vertical load and the dynamic transverse load of the wheel of the bogie of the railway vehicle, the radial stress, the circumferential stress and the tangential stress of a set measuring point in a key area of the wheel are obtained by combining a vertical load-stress transfer function and a transverse load-stress transfer function;
and calculating to obtain a stress value in the set direction based on the radial stress, the circumferential stress and the tangential stress of the set measuring point and an included angle between the stress in the set direction and the radial stress, and further obtaining a stress time course curve of the wheel in any set direction in the key area.
As a further scheme, calculating wheel equivalent stress based on the wheel stress spectrum specifically includes:
and calculating to obtain the equivalent stress of the wheel based on the current driving mileage of the wheel, the driving mileage corresponding to the designed service life of the wheel, the cycle times corresponding to the fatigue limit of the wheel and the stress-service life curve parameters.
As a further scheme, the method further calculates and obtains the fatigue damage life of the wheel during the operation of the rail vehicle, and specifically comprises the following steps:
and calculating the fatigue damage life of the wheel based on the equivalent stress of the wheel, the corresponding history of the design life of the wheel and the stress value of the vehicle in the set direction.
According to a second aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a rail vehicle bogie wheel fatigue damage assessment system comprising:
the wheel load acquisition module is used for acquiring dynamic vertical load and dynamic transverse load time history curves of wheels of the bogie of the railway vehicle;
the wheel stress acquisition module is used for acquiring radial, circumferential and tangential stress time-course curves of a key area set by the wheel based on a vertical load-stress transfer function and a transverse load-stress transfer function; further obtaining a stress time course curve of the wheel in any set direction of the key area;
the rain flow counting module is used for counting stress time-course curves in any set direction of the key area by using a rain flow counting method to obtain a stress spectrum;
and the wheel service life evaluation module is used for calculating the equivalent stress of the wheel based on the stress spectrum, and further calculating the fatigue damage service life of the wheel during the operation of the rail vehicle.
According to a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a terminal device, which includes a processor and a memory, the processor being configured to implement instructions; the memory is configured to store a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by the processor and to perform the rail vehicle truck wheel fatigue damage assessment method described above.
According to a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a computer readable storage medium having stored therein a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor of a terminal device and to execute the above-mentioned rail vehicle bogie wheel fatigue damage assessment method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the rail vehicle bogie wheel fatigue damage assessment method provided by the invention is based on the dynamic vertical load and the dynamic transverse load of the wheels obtained by a whole vehicle dynamic model or a line actual measurement test, and can more accurately reflect the actual stress state of the wheels; the fatigue damage distribution of any direction of a wheel fatigue key area can be realized, the stress direction corresponding to the maximum fatigue damage in the service process of the wheel is obtained, and the determination of the patch direction in the follow-up wheel line tracking test is facilitated.
(2) According to the method, the load-stress transfer functions under the load action in different directions of the fatigue key area of the wheel are taken, and the wheel rail force obtained by dynamic simulation or line test is combined, so that the fatigue life of the wheel in the service state of the rail vehicle can be effectively predicted; and further provides theoretical support for reasonable maintenance period and structure optimization scheme formulated in the wheel design stage.
(3) The wheel fatigue damage assessment method provided by the invention enables the wheel assessment result to be closer to the actual damage; the method can be applied to the wheel fatigue damage assessment of different types of railway vehicles and has universality.
Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a dynamic vertical loading of a wheel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic lateral loading of a wheel in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 3(a) - (b) are schematic piecewise representations of the slope in the vertical load-stress transfer function in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 4(a) - (b) are piecewise schematic diagrams of intercept in the vertical load-stress transfer function in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 5(a) - (b) are schematic diagrams of the transverse load-stress piecewise transfer function in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a rail vehicle bogie wheel fatigue damage assessment method in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and it should be understood that the terms "comprises" and "comprising", and any variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example one
In one or more embodiments, a rail vehicle bogie wheel fatigue damage assessment method is disclosed, wherein dynamic vertical and dynamic transverse load time history curves of a rail vehicle wheel are obtained through a whole vehicle dynamics simulation method or line actual measurement, and radial, circumferential and tangential stress time history curves of a wheel fatigue key area are obtained through calculation by combining a load-stress transfer function. According to a plane stress calculation theory, a stress time curve of a wheel fatigue key area in any set direction is obtained, a rain flow counting method is adopted to carry out cycle counting on the stress time curve to obtain a wheel stress spectrum, then equivalent stress distribution of the wheel fatigue key area is obtained through calculation based on fatigue damage consistency, and finally the fatigue life of the wheel is predicted.
In this embodiment, the wheel fatigue critical region refers to a wheel web fatigue weak region, and is generally located in a transition arc region between a hub and a web.
Specifically, with reference to fig. 6, the method for evaluating fatigue damage of a wheel of a railway vehicle bogie of the present embodiment includes the following steps:
step (1): acquiring time history curves of dynamic vertical loads and dynamic transverse loads of wheels of a bogie of the railway vehicle;
in the embodiment, the dynamic vertical load and the dynamic transverse load of the wheel can be obtained by establishing a complete vehicle dynamics simulation model; the dynamic load of the wheel can also be obtained through a line actual measurement test.
The dynamic vertical load and the dynamic transverse load of the wheel obtained by a complete vehicle dynamics simulation model are respectively shown in the figure 1 and the figure 2.
Step (2): obtaining radial, circumferential and tangential stress time-course curves of a key area set by the wheel based on the vertical load-stress transfer function and the transverse load-stress transfer function; further obtaining a stress time course curve of the wheel in any set direction of the key area;
in this embodiment, finite element simulation analysis is performed on a rail vehicle bogie wheel to obtain a vertical load-stress transfer function of a wheel fatigue critical region, as shown in fig. 3(a) - (b) and fig. 4(a) - (b); wherein, as shown in FIGS. 3(a) - (b), a sectional diagram of the slope of the vertical load-stress transfer function is shown; fig. 4(a) - (b) show piecewise schematic representations of the intercept in the vertical load-stress transfer function.
Specifically, a vertical load of 1kN is applied to a finite element wheel simulation model, the load is applied along the axial direction of a tread, the radial stress response of a circumferential measuring point of a wheel fatigue critical region is obtained through finite element simulation calculation, the linear change of the radial stress response of the wheel and the axial loading position of the tread can be obtained, the slope and the intercept are counted, and a vertical load-radial stress transfer function about the axial tread contact displacement x, the circumferential measuring point distribution position s and the vehicle running mileage l can be obtained; the tangential and circumferential stress response change rules under the action of the vertical load are the same as the statistical mode of the radial stress, and are not repeated.
In this embodiment, the expression of the transfer function between the vertical load and the radial stress of the wheel is as follows:
wherein, x is the axial tread contact displacement, s is the distribution position of circumferential measuring points, l is the running mileage of the vehicle, D is the diameter of the wheel, y0、y1、y2、y3、w0、w1、w2、w3、A0、A1、A2、A3、u0、u1、u2、u3Are all constant parameters and are obtained by fitting.
In this embodiment, finite element simulation analysis is performed on the wheels of the bogie of the rail vehicle to obtain a transverse load-stress transfer function of a wheel fatigue critical area.
Specifically, a transverse load of 1kN is applied to a finite element wheel model, the transverse load is applied along the axle direction, the radial stress response of circumferential measuring points of a wheel fatigue key region is obtained through finite element simulation calculation, as shown in fig. 5(a) - (b), the measuring point position and the radial stress response of the wheel fatigue key region obtained through fitting present piecewise normal distribution, and the expression is as follows:
similarly, the tangential and circumferential stress response change rules under the action of the transverse load are the same as the statistical mode of the radial stress, and are not repeated.
In this embodiment, radial, circumferential, and tangential stress time-course curves of a wheel fatigue critical region are obtained according to a load time-course curve obtained by dynamics simulation and a load-stress transfer function under the action of loads in different directions, and a stress value σ in any set direction is obtained according to a theory related to a plane stress stateαFurther obtaining the wheel arbitrarily set in the key areaStress time course curve in direction;
wherein the stress value σαThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
wherein σx、σyRadial stress and circumferential stress of wheel measuring points are respectively; tau isxyMeasuring the tangential stress of a wheel point; alpha is the included angle between the stress in the set direction and the radial stress.
And (3): counting stress time-course curves in any set direction of the key area by using a rain flow counting method to obtain a stress spectrum; the stress spectrum characterizes the relationship of the stress amplitude to the cycle number.
And (4): and calculating the equivalent stress of the wheel based on the stress spectrum, and further calculating to obtain the fatigue damage life of the wheel during the operation of the rail vehicle.
In this embodiment, the wheel equivalent stress σ can be obtained according to the fatigue damage consistency theory and the stress load spectrumequThe formula is as follows:
wherein L is1L is the mileage corresponding to the driving mileage of the vehicle and the design life of the wheel, NAThe number of cycles corresponding to the fatigue limit is 107；σi、niRespectively representing the stress amplitude and the cycle number of the ith level in the stress spectrum; the m value is an S-N curve parameter of the wheel, and the value can be obtained through an S-N curve (stress-life curve) by the following calculation process:
wherein, Ae, B and C are calculation parameters, and the values thereof refer to the corresponding values when the standard stress ratio R is-1; e is the fatigue limit of the wheel material; and N is the corresponding cycle number when the stress S is applied.
And (3) carrying out log value taking on the stress S and the cycle number N, and then carrying out linear fitting to obtain a slope between the stress log value and the cycle number log value, namely the value m.
Calculating the fatigue life Le of the wheel during vehicle operation based on the obtained equivalent stress, specifically as follows:
wherein L is the mileage corresponding to the design life of the wheel, sigmaequIs wheel equivalent stress, σαAnd stress values in any direction are set for the wheel fatigue critical area.
Example two
In one or more embodiments, a rail vehicle bogie wheel fatigue damage assessment system is disclosed, comprising:
the wheel load acquisition module is used for acquiring dynamic vertical load and dynamic transverse load time history curves of wheels of the bogie of the railway vehicle;
the wheel stress acquisition module is used for acquiring radial, circumferential and tangential stress time-course curves of a key area set by the wheel based on a vertical load-stress transfer function and a transverse load-stress transfer function; further obtaining a stress time course curve of the wheel in any set direction of the key area;
the rain flow counting module is used for counting stress time-course curves in any set direction of the key area by using a rain flow counting method to obtain a stress spectrum;
and the wheel service life evaluation module is used for calculating the equivalent stress of the wheel based on the stress spectrum, and further calculating the fatigue damage service life of the wheel during the operation of the rail vehicle.
It should be noted that, the specific implementation process of each module described above has been described in detail in the first embodiment, and is not described in detail here.
EXAMPLE III
In one or more embodiments, a terminal device is disclosed, which includes a server including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the rail vehicle bogie wheel fatigue damage assessment method in the first embodiment. For brevity, no further description is provided herein.
It should be understood that in this embodiment, the processor may be a central processing unit CPU, and the processor may also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors DSP, application specific integrated circuits ASIC, off-the-shelf programmable gate arrays FPGA or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, and so on. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
The memory may include both read-only memory and random access memory, and may provide instructions and data to the processor, and a portion of the memory may also include non-volatile random access memory. For example, the memory may also store device type information.
In implementation, the steps of the above method may be performed by integrated logic circuits of hardware in a processor or instructions in the form of software.
In other embodiments, a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a plurality of instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor of a terminal device and to perform the method for rail vehicle bogie wheel fatigue damage assessment as described in the first embodiment is disclosed.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described in terms of flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A rail vehicle bogie wheel fatigue damage assessment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring time history curves of dynamic vertical loads and dynamic transverse loads of wheels of a bogie of the railway vehicle;
obtaining radial, circumferential and tangential stress time-course curves of a key area set by the wheel based on the vertical load-stress transfer function and the transverse load-stress transfer function; further obtaining a stress time course curve of the wheel in any set direction of the key area;
counting stress time-course curves in any set direction of the key area by using a rain flow counting method to obtain a stress spectrum;
and calculating the equivalent stress of the wheel based on the stress spectrum, and further calculating to obtain the fatigue damage life of the wheel during the operation of the rail vehicle.
2. The rail vehicle bogie wheel fatigue damage assessment method of claim 1, wherein the time history curves of the dynamic vertical load and the dynamic lateral load of the wheel are obtained based on a whole vehicle dynamics simulation model of the rail vehicle or a line actual measurement test.
3. The method for evaluating the fatigue damage of the wheel of the railway vehicle bogie as claimed in claim 1, wherein the set vertical load is applied on a finite element wheel simulation model, the vertical load is applied along the axial direction of the wheel tread, and the radial, tangential or circumferential stress response of the set measuring points of the wheel key region is respectively calculated through finite element simulation to obtain the vertical load-stress transfer function.
4. The method for evaluating the fatigue damage of the wheel of the railway vehicle bogie as claimed in claim 1, wherein the set transverse load is applied on a finite element wheel simulation model, the transverse load is applied along the axle direction, and the radial, tangential or circumferential stress response of the set measuring points of the wheel critical area is respectively calculated through finite element simulation to obtain the transverse load-stress transfer function.
5. The rail vehicle bogie wheel fatigue damage assessment method according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein radial, circumferential and tangential stresses of set measuring points in a critical area of the wheel are obtained based on dynamic vertical loads and dynamic lateral loads of the rail vehicle bogie wheel by combining a vertical load-stress transfer function and a lateral load-stress transfer function;
and calculating to obtain a stress value in the set direction based on the radial stress, the circumferential stress and the tangential stress of the set measuring point and an included angle between the stress in the set direction and the radial stress, and further obtaining a stress time course curve of the wheel in any set direction in the key area.
6. The rail vehicle bogie wheel fatigue damage assessment method of claim 1, wherein calculating wheel equivalent stress based on the wheel stress spectrum specifically comprises:
and calculating to obtain the equivalent stress of the wheel based on the current driving mileage of the wheel, the driving mileage corresponding to the designed service life of the wheel, the cycle times corresponding to the fatigue limit of the wheel and the stress-service life curve parameters.
7. The rail vehicle bogie wheel fatigue damage assessment method of claim 1, further calculating the fatigue damage life of the wheels during operation of the rail vehicle, specifically comprising:
and calculating the fatigue damage life of the wheel based on the equivalent stress of the wheel, the corresponding history of the design life of the wheel and the stress value of the vehicle in the set direction.
8. A rail vehicle bogie wheel fatigue damage assessment system, comprising:
the wheel load acquisition module is used for acquiring dynamic vertical load and dynamic transverse load time history curves of wheels of the bogie of the railway vehicle;
the wheel stress acquisition module is used for acquiring radial, circumferential and tangential stress time-course curves of a key area set by the wheel based on a vertical load-stress transfer function and a transverse load-stress transfer function; further obtaining a stress time course curve of the wheel in any set direction of the key area;
the rain flow counting module is used for counting stress time-course curves in any set direction of the key area by using a rain flow counting method to obtain a stress spectrum;
and the wheel service life evaluation module is used for calculating the equivalent stress of the wheel based on the stress spectrum, and further calculating the fatigue damage service life of the wheel during the operation of the rail vehicle.
9. A terminal device comprising a processor and a memory, the processor being arranged to implement instructions; the memory for storing a plurality of instructions, wherein the instructions are adapted to be loaded by the processor and to perform the rail vehicle truck wheel fatigue damage assessment method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a plurality of instructions, wherein the instructions are adapted to be loaded by a processor of a terminal device and to perform the rail vehicle bogie wheel fatigue damage assessment method according to any of claims 1-7.
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| CN116189832A (en) * | 2023-04-14 | 2023-05-30 | 岚图汽车科技有限公司 | Material fatigue life curve determining method and related equipment |
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