CN114234001B - Two-dimensional precision gap eliminating adjusting mechanism of photoelectric auto-collimator - Google Patents

Two-dimensional precision gap eliminating adjusting mechanism of photoelectric auto-collimator Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN114234001B
CN114234001B CN202111323894.4A CN202111323894A CN114234001B CN 114234001 B CN114234001 B CN 114234001B CN 202111323894 A CN202111323894 A CN 202111323894A CN 114234001 B CN114234001 B CN 114234001B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
layer plate
azimuth
pitching
upper layer
rotating shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202111323894.4A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN114234001A (en
Inventor
李永刚
王春喜
汪涛
刘书君
刘岩
张忠武
吴跃
沙春哲
王蕾
赵功伟
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beijing Aerospace Institute for Metrology and Measurement Technology
Original Assignee
Beijing Aerospace Institute for Metrology and Measurement Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beijing Aerospace Institute for Metrology and Measurement Technology filed Critical Beijing Aerospace Institute for Metrology and Measurement Technology
Priority to CN202111323894.4A priority Critical patent/CN114234001B/en
Publication of CN114234001A publication Critical patent/CN114234001A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN114234001B publication Critical patent/CN114234001B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/02—Heads
    • F16M11/04—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand
    • F16M11/06—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting
    • F16M11/10—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting around a horizontal axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/02—Heads
    • F16M11/04—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand
    • F16M11/06—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting
    • F16M11/08—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting around a vertical axis, e.g. panoramic heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/02—Heads
    • F16M11/18—Heads with mechanism for moving the apparatus relatively to the stand

Abstract

The invention discloses a two-dimensional precision gap eliminating adjusting mechanism of a photoelectric auto-collimator, which comprises the following components: the device comprises an upper layer plate, a lower layer plate, a rotating shaft, a top column, an azimuth component, a pitching component and an anti-backlash component; two jacking posts are fixed on the upper surface of the lower layer plate; the upper layer plate is arranged on the lower layer plate and is supported on the top column; the rotating shaft is a step shaft, a small-diameter section of the rotating shaft is arranged in the lower layer plate, and a large-diameter section of the rotating shaft is arranged in a mounting hole machined in the upper layer plate; the rotating shaft is positioned between the two jacking columns; the azimuth component, the pitching component and the anti-backlash component are all arranged between the upper layer plate and the lower layer plate; the azimuth component is used for driving the upper layer plate to rotate in azimuth relative to the lower layer plate by taking the rotating shaft as a rotating shaft; the pitching assembly is used for driving the upper layer plate to perform pitching rotation relative to the lower layer plate by taking the upper end of the jacking column as a rotation supporting point; the clearance eliminating assembly is used for eliminating the clearance between parts in the adjusting mechanism. The invention has simple structure and reliable adjustment, and can solve the problem that the measurement data of the photoelectric auto-collimator is suddenly changed and is moved out of the measurement range.

Description

Two-dimensional precision gap eliminating adjusting mechanism of photoelectric auto-collimator
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of precision measurement, and particularly relates to a two-dimensional precision gap eliminating adjusting mechanism of a photoelectric auto-collimator.
Background
The photoelectric auto-collimator adopts an auto-collimation angle measurement principle in geometrical optics. Scattered light emitted by the light source is projected onto a reticle at the focal plane of the collimation optical system after passing through the condenser, then is emitted in parallel after passing through the collimation optical system, the parallel light irradiates onto the reflecting mirror to be detected, the reflecting mirror reflects light signals carrying angle deflection information back to the collimation optical system, and the light signals are folded by the spectroscope and focused on the CMOS image sensor for imaging. And extracting the barycenter coordinates of the image points by adopting an image processing means, and converting the angle information through geometric optics.
The photoelectric autocollimator belongs to precision measuring equipment, is generally used for high-precision measurement in a small angle range, aims at a target reflecting mirror during measurement, and adjusts the relative angle of the reflecting mirror to be in a smaller collimation measuring range. In the adjustment process, because the angle range is small, the measurement accuracy is high, after the adjustment is carried out in a large range, the photoelectric auto-collimator needs to be precisely adjusted in a small angle range by utilizing a precise adjustment base, the existing adjustment base generally adopts a three-layer plate mode, the bottom layer is used as a fixed base, one of the other two layers carries out azimuth adjustment, and the other layer carries out pitching adjustment, so that the structural form is relatively complex. The existing adjusting base generally uses a screw jack as an adjusting jack, azimuth adjustment adjusts a photoelectric auto-collimator connecting plate in a jacking mode through a left screw jack and a right screw jack, operators are required to conduct rotation operation on the left screw jack and the right screw jack respectively, jumping and idle running phenomena can occur in the operation process, measurement data of the photoelectric auto-collimator are caused to be suddenly changed, even the measurement range is shifted out, for pitching adjustment, the screw jack is jacked up, a knob protrudes out of the base, and inconvenience is brought to installation and operation of the photoelectric auto-collimator.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a two-dimensional precise gap eliminating adjusting mechanism of a photoelectric auto-collimator, which has simple structure and reliable adjustment, and can overcome the problems of abrupt change of measurement data of the photoelectric auto-collimator and even shift out of a measurement range.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a two-dimensional precision anti-backlash adjustment mechanism for an electro-optical autocollimator, the adjustment mechanism comprising: the device comprises an upper layer plate, a lower layer plate, a rotating shaft, a top column, an azimuth component, a pitching component and an anti-backlash component;
two jacking posts are fixed on the upper surface of the lower layer plate; the upper layer plate is arranged on the lower layer plate and supported on the top column; the rotating shaft is a step shaft, a small-diameter section of the rotating shaft is arranged in the lower layer plate, a large-diameter section of the rotating shaft is arranged in a mounting hole machined in the upper layer plate, and a gap is reserved between the large-diameter section of the rotating shaft and the inner wall surface of the mounting hole of the upper layer plate; the rotating shaft is positioned between the two jacking columns;
the azimuth component, the pitching component and the clearance eliminating component are all arranged between the upper layer plate and the lower layer plate; the azimuth component is used for driving the upper layer plate to rotate in azimuth relative to the lower layer plate by taking the rotating shaft as a rotating shaft; the pitching assembly is used for driving the upper layer plate to perform pitching rotation relative to the lower layer plate by taking the upper end of the jacking column as a rotation supporting point; the clearance eliminating assembly is used for eliminating the clearance between parts in the adjusting mechanism.
Further, the azimuth assembly includes: the device comprises an azimuth thimble, a threaded sleeve A, an azimuth push rod and an azimuth hand wheel;
an azimuth rotating cavity is formed in the lower layer plate, the top of the azimuth push rod is fixed on the upper layer plate, and the bottom of the azimuth push rod is positioned in the azimuth rotating cavity of the lower layer plate; the screw sleeve A is fixed on the side surface of the lower layer plate, and the azimuth ejector pin is coaxially arranged in the screw sleeve A and is in threaded fit with the screw sleeve A; one end of the azimuth thimble is fixedly connected with the azimuth hand wheel, and the other end of the azimuth thimble is contacted with the azimuth push rod;
further, the pitch assembly includes: steering seat, pitch thimble, swivel B, connecting rod, steering pin, back shaft, pitch gyro wheel, gyro wheel dabber and pitch hand wheel;
a pitching rotation cavity is formed in the lower layer plate; the steering seat is of an L-shaped structure, the corner end of the steering seat is arranged in the pitching rotation cavity of the lower layer plate through a supporting shaft, and the steering seat can rotate around the axis of the supporting shaft; the pitching roller is arranged at one end of the steering seat through the roller core shaft, the pitching roller can rotate around the axis of the roller core shaft, and the outer circumferential surface of the pitching roller is in contact with the lower surface of the upper layer plate; one end of the connecting rod is arranged at one end of the horizontal guide groove of the pitching rotation cavity, the other end of the connecting rod is in pin joint with the other end of the steering seat through a steering pin, and the connecting rod can perform linear motion along the axis of the connecting rod; the screw sleeve B is fixed at the other end of the horizontal guide groove of the pitching rotation cavity, and the pitching thimble is coaxially arranged in the screw sleeve B and is in threaded fit with the screw sleeve B; one end of the pitching thimble is fixedly connected with the pitching hand wheel, the other end of the pitching thimble is contacted with the end face of the connecting rod, and the pitching thimble is coaxial with the connecting rod.
Further, one end of the azimuth thimble, which is contacted with the azimuth push rod, is processed into a hemispherical surface.
Further, the anti-backlash assembly includes: azimuth spring drag hook A, azimuth tension spring and azimuth spring drag hook B;
the upper surface of the lower laminate is provided with a tension spring mounting groove, an azimuth spring drag hook B is fixed in the tension spring mounting groove, and the lower surface of the upper laminate is fixed with an azimuth spring drag hook A; the azimuth tension spring is horizontally arranged in the tension spring mounting groove of the lower layer plate, one end of the azimuth tension spring is connected with the azimuth spring drag hook A, and the other end of the azimuth tension spring is connected with the azimuth spring drag hook B; the azimuth tension spring is used for pulling the upper layer plate and the lower layer plate, and eliminating a gap between the azimuth thimble and the azimuth push rod, so that the azimuth thimble and the azimuth push rod are always kept in contact.
Further, one end of the pitching thimble, which is contacted with the connecting rod, is processed into a hemispherical surface.
Further, the anti-backlash assembly includes: the pitching spring drag hook A, the pitching tension spring and the pitching spring drag hook B;
two tension spring mounting holes in the vertical direction are formed in the lower layer plate, a pitching spring drag hook B is fixed in each tension spring mounting hole, and two pitching spring drag hooks A which are in one-to-one correspondence with the tension spring mounting holes are fixed on the lower surface of the upper layer plate; the two pitching tension springs are vertically and correspondingly arranged in two tension spring mounting holes of the lower layer plate respectively, one end of each pitching tension spring is connected with the corresponding pitching spring drag hook A, and the other end is connected with the corresponding pitching spring drag hook B; the two pitching tension springs are used for pulling the upper layer plate and the lower layer plate, so that gaps between the pitching rollers and the upper layer plate and gaps between the jacking columns and the upper layer plate are eliminated, the pitching rollers and the upper layer plate are always kept in contact, and the jacking columns and the upper layer plate are always kept in contact.
Further, the upper end of the top column is processed into an arc surface, and the lower surface of the upper layer plate is contacted with the arc surface of the top column;
a circle of rotating shaft balls uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer circumferential surface of the large-diameter section of the rotating shaft is processed, and the rotating shaft balls on the rotating shaft are contacted with the inner wall surface of the mounting hole of the upper plate, so that rolling fit of the rotating shaft and the mounting hole of the upper plate is realized.
Further, the device also comprises a press cap; the pressing cap is fixed on the lower surface of the upper layer plate and is abutted against the step surface of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is axially limited.
Further, the device also comprises an adapter seat; the adaptor is covered outside the upper layer plate and the lower layer plate and fixedly connected with the upper layer plate; the upper surface of the adapter is provided with a mounting interface hole for mounting the photoelectric auto-collimator, and the upper surface of the adapter is also provided with a level gauge for monitoring the horizontal condition of the photoelectric auto-collimator.
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) According to the adjustment requirement of the photoelectric auto-collimator, the invention can realize the adjustment of azimuth and pitching two-dimensional directions, the adjusting mechanism of the invention is divided into an upper layer plate and a lower layer plate, the upper layer plate and the lower layer plate are connected through a rotating shaft and a top column support, the lower layer plate plays a supporting role, and in the adjustment process, the lower layer plate is static and does relative motion relative to the lower layer plate, and the invention specifically comprises the following steps: when the adjusting mechanism carries out azimuth adjustment, the azimuth thimble, the threaded sleeve A and the azimuth push rod push the upper layer plate to horizontally rotate around the rotating shaft, so that the azimuth adjustment of the upper layer plate is realized, and when the adjusting mechanism carries out pitching adjustment, the steering seat, the pitching thimble, the threaded sleeve B, the connecting rod, the steering pin, the supporting shaft, the pitching roller and the roller core shaft push the upper layer plate to carry out pitching movement by taking the upper end of the jacking column as a rotating supporting point, so that the pitching adjustment of the upper layer plate is realized; the invention has simple structure, reliable adjustment, convenient installation and operation, no jumping and idle stroke phenomenon in the operation process, and can prevent the situation that the measurement data of the photoelectric auto-collimator is suddenly changed and even is moved out of the measurement range, and the unidirectional continuous adjustment of the azimuth or pitching full range (+/-1000 ') of the photoelectric auto-collimator can be realized and the adjustment resolution can reach 1'; in the unidirectional adjustment (namely azimuth adjustment or pitching adjustment) process, the other direction is kept motionless, so that the coupling of measurement data in two directions can be avoided, and the adjustment efficiency is improved.
(2) The gap eliminating assembly is arranged between the upper layer plate and the lower layer plate, and adopts the extension spring (namely the azimuth tension spring and the pitching tension spring), and the gap in the part of the adjusting mechanism is eliminated by utilizing the extension spring, so that the azimuth thimble in the azimuth assembly and the azimuth push rod can be ensured to be always contacted, the pitching roller in the pitching assembly and the upper layer plate can be ensured to be always contacted, and the jacking column and the upper layer plate can be always contacted, thereby realizing the measurement accuracy of the adjusting mechanism and the continuity of data in the adjusting process, effectively solving the adverse phenomena of blocking, discontinuity and the like in the two-dimensional adjusting process of the photoelectric autocollimator, improving the adjusting resolution of the photoelectric autocollimator and improving the working efficiency.
(3) The invention designs the relative rotation structural member into an arc or ball structure form at the contact point with relative rotation or translation movement between structural members by researching the adjustment requirement and adjustment range of the photoelectric auto-collimator, and specifically comprises the following steps: the large-diameter section of the rotating shaft is provided with a rotating shaft ball which is in rolling fit with the mounting hole of the upper layer plate, so that the upper layer plate does not have a clamping phenomenon when rotating around the rotating shaft; the upper end of the jacking column is processed into an arc surface, and the lower surface of the upper layer plate is contacted with the arc surface of the jacking column, so that the upper layer plate does not have a clamping phenomenon when performing pitching motion by taking the upper end of the jacking column as a rotation supporting point; one end of the azimuth thimble, which is contacted with the azimuth push rod, is processed into a hemispherical surface, and one end of the pitching thimble, which is contacted with the connecting rod, is processed into a hemispherical surface; the spherical structure ensures point and line contact between structures, avoids the occurrence of the phenomena of jamming, jump and the like during the relative movement between the structures, ensures the smooth adjustment process of the adjusting mechanism in the azimuth and pitching adjustment process, has no jamming phenomenon, and ensures the measurement resolution and the continuity of measurement data in the two-dimensional direction during the adjustment process of the photoelectric auto-collimator.
(4) The adaptor is covered outside the upper layer plate and the lower layer plate, and is fixedly connected with the upper layer plate, the photoelectric auto-collimator is fixedly connected with the upper layer plate through the adaptor, and in the adjustment process, the photoelectric auto-collimator performs azimuth or pitching rotation movement along with the upper layer plate, so that two-dimensional precise adjustment is realized; when the adaptor is covered outside the upper layer plate and the lower layer plate, a pitching hand wheel and a azimuth hand wheel which need manual operation are exposed; and the azimuth hand wheel is rotated to drive the upper layer plate to do azimuth rotation, the pitching hand wheel is rotated to drive the upper layer plate to do pitching rotation, and the upper layer plate is adjusted through the azimuth hand wheel and the pitching hand wheel, so that the operation is convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the overall construction of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the structure of the adapter of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view at the rotational axis of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an azimuth assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a pitch assembly of the present invention;
FIGS. 6-7 are cross-sectional views of the anti-backlash assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the connection of the present invention to a photo-autocollimator;
the photoelectric auto-collimator comprises a 1-photoelectric auto-collimator, a 2-clamp, a 3-adjusting mechanism, a 4-adapter, a 5-upper plate, a 6-lower plate, a 7-pitching hand wheel, an 8-azimuth hand wheel, a 9-level, a 10-azimuth thimble, an 11-screw sleeve A, a 12-azimuth push rod, a 13-steering seat, a 14-pitching thimble, a 15-screw sleeve B, a 16-connecting rod, a 17-steering pin, an 18-supporting shaft, a 19-roller mandrel, a 20-pitching roller, a 21-azimuth spring drag hook A, a 22-azimuth tension spring, a 23-azimuth spring drag hook B, a 24-pitching spring drag hook A, a 25-pitching tension spring, a 26-pitching spring drag hook B, a 27-rotation shaft ball, a 28-rotation shaft, a 29-jack, a 30-bottom support leg and a 31-pressure cap.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The present embodiment provides a two-dimensional precision gap eliminating adjustment mechanism for an auto-collimator, referring to fig. 1-2, the adjustment mechanism 3 includes: the upper layer plate 5, the lower layer plate 6, the rotating shaft 28, the top column 29, the press cap 31, the azimuth component, the pitching component, the clearance eliminating component, the adapter 4 and the level 9;
referring to fig. 3, the lower surface of the lower plate 6 is provided with a bottom support leg 30 for supporting on an external platform, the upper surface of the lower plate 6 is fixed with two jacking posts 29, and the upper ends of the jacking posts 29 are processed into arc surfaces; the upper layer plate 5 is placed on the lower layer plate 6 and supported on the top column 29, namely, the lower surface of the upper layer plate 5 is contacted with the arc surface of the top column 29;
the lower layer plate 6 is provided with a threaded hole in the vertical direction, and the threaded hole is positioned between the two jacking posts 29; the lower surface of the upper plate 5 is provided with a mounting hole coaxial with the threaded hole; the rotating shaft 28 is a step shaft, a circle of rotating shaft balls 27 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are processed on the outer circumferential surface of the large-diameter section of the rotating shaft, and external threads are processed on the small-diameter section of the rotating shaft; the small-diameter section of the rotating shaft 28 is arranged in the threaded hole of the lower layer plate 6; the large-diameter section of the rotating shaft 28 is arranged in the mounting hole of the upper plate 5, a gap is reserved between the large-diameter section of the rotating shaft 28 and the inner wall surface of the mounting hole of the upper plate 5, and the rotating shaft ball 27 on the rotating shaft 28 is in contact with the inner wall surface of the mounting hole of the upper plate 5, so that rolling fit of the rotating shaft 28 and the mounting hole of the upper plate 5 is realized; the pressing cap 31 is fixed on the lower surface of the upper plate 5 and abuts against the step surface of the rotating shaft 28, so that the rotating shaft 28 is axially limited, and the rotating shaft 28 is prevented from falling out of the mounting hole of the upper plate 5 under the action of gravity;
the azimuth component and the pitching component are arranged between the upper layer plate 5 and the lower layer plate 6; the azimuth component is used for driving the upper layer plate 5 to rotate in azimuth relative to the lower layer plate 6 by taking the rotating shaft 28 as the rotating shaft; the pitching assembly is used for driving the upper layer plate 5 to perform pitching rotation relative to the lower layer plate 6 by taking the upper end of the jacking column 29 as a rotation supporting point;
referring to fig. 4, the azimuth assembly includes: the azimuth hand wheel 8, the azimuth thimble 10, the threaded sleeve A11 and the azimuth push rod 12;
an azimuth rotating cavity is formed in the lower layer plate 6, the top of the azimuth push rod 12 is fixed on the upper layer plate 5, and the bottom of the azimuth push rod is positioned in the azimuth rotating cavity of the lower layer plate 6; the screw sleeve A11 is fixed on the side surface of the lower layer plate 6, and the azimuth thimble 10 is coaxially arranged in the screw sleeve A11 and is in threaded fit with the screw sleeve A11; one end of the azimuth thimble 10 is fixedly connected with the azimuth hand wheel 8, and the other end of the azimuth thimble is processed into a hemispherical surface and is contacted with the azimuth push rod 12;
referring to fig. 5, the pitch assembly comprises: steering seat 13, pitch thimble 14, screw sleeve B15, connecting rod 16, steering pin 17, supporting shaft 18, pitch roller 20, roller core shaft 19 and pitch hand wheel 7;
a pitching rotation cavity is formed in the lower layer plate 6; the steering seat 13 is of an L-shaped structure, the corner end of the steering seat 13 is arranged in a pitching rotation cavity of the lower layer plate 6 through a supporting shaft 18, and the steering seat 13 can rotate around the axis of the supporting shaft 18; the pitching roller 20 is arranged at one end of the steering seat 13 through the roller mandrel 19, the pitching roller 20 can rotate around the axis of the roller mandrel 19, and the outer circumferential surface of the pitching roller 20 is in contact with the lower surface of the upper layer plate 5; one end of the connecting rod 16 is arranged at one end of the horizontal guide groove of the pitching rotation cavity, the other end of the connecting rod 16 is in pin joint with the other end of the steering seat 13 through a steering pin 17, and the connecting rod 16 can perform linear motion along the axis of the connecting rod; the screw sleeve B15 is fixed at the other end of the horizontal guide groove of the pitching rotation cavity, and the pitching thimble 14 is coaxially arranged in the screw sleeve B15 and is in threaded fit with the screw sleeve B15; one end of the pitching thimble 14 is fixedly connected with the pitching hand wheel 7, the other end of the pitching thimble is processed into a hemispherical surface and is contacted with the end surface of the connecting rod 16, and the pitching thimble 14 is coaxial with the connecting rod 16;
referring to fig. 6-7, the anti-backlash assembly is installed between the upper plate 5 and the lower plate 6, and is used for eliminating the clearances among the parts in the adjusting mechanism 3; the anti-backlash assembly comprises: azimuth spring drag hook A21, azimuth tension spring 22, azimuth spring drag hook B23, pitch spring drag hook A24, pitch tension spring 25 and pitch spring drag hook B26;
the upper surface of the lower layer plate 6 is provided with a tension spring mounting groove, an azimuth spring drag hook B23 is fixed in the tension spring mounting groove, and the lower surface of the upper layer plate 5 is fixed with an azimuth spring drag hook A21; the azimuth tension spring 22 is horizontally arranged in a tension spring mounting groove of the lower layer plate 6, one end of the azimuth tension spring 22 is connected with the azimuth spring drag hook A21, and the other end of the azimuth tension spring 22 is connected with the azimuth spring drag hook B23; the azimuth tension spring 22 is used for pulling the upper layer plate 5 and the lower layer plate 6, and eliminating a gap between the azimuth thimble 10 and the azimuth push rod 12, so that the azimuth thimble 10 and the azimuth push rod 12 are always in contact;
two tension spring mounting holes in the vertical direction are formed in the lower layer plate 6, a pitching spring drag hook B26 is fixed in each tension spring mounting hole, and two pitching spring drag hooks A24 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the tension spring mounting holes are fixed on the lower surface of the upper layer plate 5; the two pitching tension springs 25 are vertically and correspondingly arranged in the two tension spring mounting holes of the lower layer plate 6 respectively, one end of each pitching tension spring 22 is connected with the corresponding pitching spring drag hook A24, and the other end is connected with the corresponding pitching spring drag hook B26; the two pitching tension springs 25 are used for pulling the upper layer plate 5 and the lower layer plate 6, and eliminating the gap between the pitching roller 20 and the upper layer plate 5 and the gap between the jacking column 29 and the upper layer plate 5, so that the pitching roller 20 and the upper layer plate 5 are always kept in contact, and the jacking column 29 and the upper layer plate 5 are always kept in contact;
the adapter seat 4 is covered outside the upper layer plate 5 and the lower layer plate 6 and fixedly connected with the upper layer plate 5, and simultaneously a pitching hand wheel 7 and an azimuth hand wheel 8 which need manual operation are exposed; the upper surface of the adapter seat 4 is provided with a mounting interface hole for mounting the photoelectric auto-collimator 1, the upper surface of the adapter seat 4 is also provided with a level 9 for monitoring the horizontal condition of the photoelectric auto-collimator 1, and the inclined state of the photoelectric auto-collimator 1 is acquired through the level 9, so that the photoelectric auto-collimator 1 can be conveniently adjusted to the horizontal state.
Working principle: referring to fig. 8, the photoelectric auto-collimator 1 is fixed on a two-dimensional precise adjustment mechanism 3 through a clamp 2 to form a universal adjustable photoelectric auto-collimator together, and when the adjustment mechanism 3 is adjusted, the photoelectric auto-collimator 1 makes micro-rotation in azimuth and pitch along with the adjustment mechanism 3 to adjust the posture, so that two-dimensional precise adjustment is realized.
In the adjusting process of the adjusting mechanism 3, the lower layer plate 6 is static and the upper layer plate 5 performs azimuth micro-motion by rotating the azimuth hand wheel 8; the upper layer plate 5 performs pitching micro-motion by rotating the pitching hand wheel 7;
in the initial state, the azimuth tension spring 22 and the elevation tension spring 25 are in an extension state;
the adjustment process of the adjustment mechanism 3 for the azimuth inching is as follows:
when the azimuth hand wheel 8 is rotated positively, the azimuth thimble 10 is driven to rotate, and the screw sleeve A11 is fixed, so that the azimuth thimble 10 moves linearly along the axis of the azimuth thimble to the direction of the azimuth push rod 12, and further the azimuth push rod 12 is pushed, and the azimuth push rod 12 is fixedly connected with the upper layer plate 5, so that the upper layer plate 5 rotates anticlockwise relative to the lower layer plate 6 by taking the rotation shaft 28 as the rotation shaft, the anticlockwise azimuth fine adjustment is realized, and meanwhile, the azimuth tension spring 22 is further stretched, so that the azimuth thimble 10 and the azimuth push rod 12 are always kept in contact;
when the azimuth hand wheel 8 is reversely rotated, the azimuth thimble 10 is driven to linearly move along the direction that the axis of the azimuth thimble is far away from the azimuth push rod 12, and as the azimuth tension spring 22 is in an extension state in the initial state or in the further stretching state, the restoring force of the azimuth tension spring 22 pushes the azimuth push rod 12 to rotate and keep in contact with the azimuth thimble 10, so that the upper layer plate 5 rotates clockwise relative to the lower layer plate 6 by taking the rotating shaft 28 as the rotating shaft, and the clockwise micro-adjustment of the azimuth is realized.
The pitch micro-motion adjusting process of the adjusting mechanism 3 is as follows:
when the pitching hand wheel 7 is rotated positively, the pitching thimble 14 is driven to rotate, and as the screw sleeve B15 is fixed, the pitching thimble 14 moves linearly along the axis of the pitching thimble 14 towards the direction of the connecting rod 16, the connecting rod 16 is pushed to move linearly along the axis of the pitching thimble, and the steering seat 13 is pushed to rotate upwards by taking the supporting shaft 18 as a rotating shaft, namely the pitching roller 20 moves upwards, the upper layer plate 5 rotates upwards relative to the lower layer plate 6 by taking the upper end of the jacking post 29 as a rotating supporting point under the pushing of the pitching roller 20, and meanwhile the pitching tension spring 25 is further stretched, so that the pitching roller 20 and the upper layer plate 5 are always kept in contact, and the jacking post 29 and the upper layer plate 5 are always kept in contact;
when the pitching hand wheel 7 is reversely rotated, the pitching thimble 14 moves linearly along the direction in which the axis is away from the connecting rod 16, and as the pitching tension spring 25 is stretched further in the initial state, the pitching tension spring 25 is in an elongated state, the upper plate 5 rotates downwards relative to the lower plate 6 by taking the upper end of the jacking post 29 as a rotation supporting point under the action of the pitching tension spring 25, and finally, the pitching micro-adjustment of the upper plate 5 relative to the lower plate 6 is realized, in the process, the upper plate 5 is always contacted with the pitching roller 20, the pitching roller 20 is pushed to move downwards, and the steering seat 13 is pushed to rotate downwards by taking the supporting shaft 18 as a rotation shaft.
In summary, the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A two-dimensional precision anti-backlash adjustment mechanism for an electro-optical autocollimator, characterized in that the adjustment mechanism (3) comprises: the upper layer plate (5), the lower layer plate (6), the rotating shaft (28), the top column (29), the azimuth component, the pitching component and the clearance eliminating component;
two jacking posts (29) are fixed on the upper surface of the lower layer plate (6); the upper layer plate (5) is placed on the lower layer plate (6) and is supported on the top column (29); the rotating shaft (28) is a step shaft, a small-diameter section of the rotating shaft is arranged in the lower layer plate (6), a large-diameter section of the rotating shaft is arranged in a mounting hole machined in the upper layer plate (5), and a gap is reserved between the large-diameter section of the rotating shaft (28) and the inner wall surface of the mounting hole of the upper layer plate (5); the rotating shaft (28) is positioned between the two jacking posts (29);
the azimuth component, the pitching component and the anti-backlash component are all arranged between the upper layer plate (5) and the lower layer plate (6); the azimuth component is used for driving the upper layer plate (5) to rotate in azimuth relative to the lower layer plate (6) by taking the rotating shaft (28) as the rotating shaft; the pitching assembly is used for driving the upper layer plate (5) to pitch and rotate relative to the lower layer plate (6) by taking the upper end of the jacking column (29) as a rotation supporting point; the gap eliminating assembly is used for eliminating gaps among parts in the adjusting mechanism (3);
the azimuth assembly includes: the device comprises an azimuth thimble (10), a screw sleeve A (11), an azimuth push rod (12) and an azimuth hand wheel (8);
an azimuth rotating cavity is formed in the lower layer plate (6), the top of the azimuth push rod (12) is fixed on the upper layer plate (5), and the bottom of the azimuth push rod is positioned in the azimuth rotating cavity of the lower layer plate (6); the screw sleeve A (11) is fixed on the side surface of the lower layer plate (6), and the azimuth thimble (10) is coaxially arranged in the screw sleeve A (11) and is in threaded fit with the screw sleeve A (11); one end of the azimuth thimble (10) is fixedly connected with the azimuth hand wheel (8), and the other end of the azimuth thimble is contacted with the azimuth push rod (12);
one end of the azimuth thimble (10) contacted with the azimuth push rod (12) is processed into a hemispherical surface;
the anti-backlash assembly comprises: azimuth spring drag hook A (21), azimuth tension spring (22) and azimuth spring drag hook B (23);
the upper surface of the lower layer plate (6) is provided with a tension spring mounting groove, an azimuth spring drag hook B (23) is fixed in the tension spring mounting groove, and the lower surface of the upper layer plate (5) is fixed with an azimuth spring drag hook A (21); the azimuth tension spring (22) is horizontally arranged in a tension spring mounting groove of the lower layer plate (6), one end of the azimuth tension spring (22) is connected with the azimuth spring drag hook A (21), and the other end of the azimuth tension spring is connected with the azimuth spring drag hook B (23); the azimuth tension spring (22) is used for pulling the upper layer plate (5) and the lower layer plate (6) to eliminate a gap between the azimuth thimble (10) and the azimuth push rod (12), so that the azimuth thimble (10) and the azimuth push rod (12) are always kept in contact.
2. A two-dimensional precision gap elimination adjustment mechanism for an electro-optical autocollimator as defined in claim 1, wherein said pitch assembly comprises: steering seat (13), pitching thimble (14), swivel B (15), connecting rod (16), steering pin (17), supporting shaft (18), pitching roller (20), roller core shaft (19) and pitching hand wheel (7);
a pitching rotation cavity is formed in the lower layer plate (6); the steering seat (13) is of an L-shaped structure, the corner end of the steering seat (13) is arranged in a pitching rotation cavity of the lower layer plate (6) through a supporting shaft (18), and the steering seat (13) can rotate around the axis of the supporting shaft (18); the pitching roller (20) is arranged at one end of the steering seat (13) through the roller core shaft (19), the pitching roller (20) can rotate around the axis of the roller core shaft (19), and the outer circumferential surface of the pitching roller (20) is in contact with the lower surface of the upper layer plate (5); one end of the connecting rod (16) is arranged at one end of the horizontal guide groove of the pitching rotation cavity, the other end of the connecting rod is in pin joint with the other end of the steering seat (13) through a steering pin (17), and the connecting rod (16) can move linearly along the axis of the connecting rod; the screw sleeve B (15) is fixed at the other end of the horizontal guide groove of the pitching rotation cavity, and the pitching thimble (14) is coaxially arranged in the screw sleeve B (15) and is in threaded fit with the screw sleeve B (15); one end of the pitching thimble (14) is fixedly connected with the pitching hand wheel (7), the other end of the pitching thimble is contacted with the end face of the connecting rod (16), and the pitching thimble (14) is coaxial with the connecting rod (16).
3. The two-dimensional precision gap eliminating adjustment mechanism of an electro-optical auto-collimator according to claim 2, wherein one end of the pitch thimble, which is in contact with the connecting rod, is processed into a hemispherical surface.
4. A two-dimensional precision anti-backlash adjustment mechanism for an electro-optical autocollimator as recited in claim 2, wherein said anti-backlash assembly comprises: a pitching spring drag hook A (24), a pitching tension spring (25) and a pitching spring drag hook B (26);
two tension spring mounting holes in the vertical direction are formed in the lower layer plate (6), a pitching spring drag hook B (26) is fixed in each tension spring mounting hole, and two pitching spring drag hooks A (24) which are in one-to-one correspondence with the tension spring mounting holes are fixed on the lower surface of the upper layer plate (5); the two pitching tension springs (25) are vertically and correspondingly arranged in two tension spring mounting holes of the lower layer plate (6) respectively, one end of each pitching tension spring (22) is connected with the corresponding pitching spring drag hook A (24) respectively, and the other end is connected with the corresponding pitching spring drag hook B (26); the two pitching tension springs (25) are used for pulling the upper layer plate (5) and the lower layer plate (6), eliminating gaps between the pitching roller (20) and the upper layer plate (5) and gaps between the jacking posts (29) and the upper layer plate (5), and enabling the pitching roller (20) and the upper layer plate (5) to be always in contact and enabling the jacking posts (29) and the upper layer plate (5) to be always in contact.
5. A two-dimensional precision gap eliminating adjustment mechanism for photoelectric auto-collimator according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the upper end of the top post (29) is processed into an arc surface, and the lower surface of the upper plate (5) is in contact with the arc surface of the top post (29);
a circle of rotating shaft balls (27) which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are processed on the outer circumferential surface of the large-diameter section of the rotating shaft (28), and the rotating shaft balls (27) on the rotating shaft (28) are contacted with the inner wall surface of the mounting hole of the upper layer plate (5) to realize rolling fit of the rotating shaft (28) and the mounting hole of the upper layer plate (5).
6. A two-dimensional precision anti-backlash adjustment mechanism for an electro-optical autocollimator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a press cap (31); the pressing cap (31) is fixed on the lower surface of the upper layer plate (5) and is abutted against the step surface of the rotating shaft (28), and the rotating shaft (28) is axially limited.
7. A two-dimensional precision anti-backlash adjustment mechanism for an electro-optical autocollimator as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an adapter (4); the adapter seat (4) is covered outside the upper layer plate (5) and the lower layer plate (6) and is fixedly connected with the upper layer plate (5); the upper surface of adapter (4) is equipped with the installation interface hole that is used for installing photoelectric auto-collimator (1), and level (9) that are used for monitoring photoelectric auto-collimator (1) horizontal condition are still installed to the upper surface of adapter (4).
CN202111323894.4A 2021-11-10 2021-11-10 Two-dimensional precision gap eliminating adjusting mechanism of photoelectric auto-collimator Active CN114234001B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111323894.4A CN114234001B (en) 2021-11-10 2021-11-10 Two-dimensional precision gap eliminating adjusting mechanism of photoelectric auto-collimator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111323894.4A CN114234001B (en) 2021-11-10 2021-11-10 Two-dimensional precision gap eliminating adjusting mechanism of photoelectric auto-collimator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN114234001A CN114234001A (en) 2022-03-25
CN114234001B true CN114234001B (en) 2024-04-09

Family

ID=80748883

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202111323894.4A Active CN114234001B (en) 2021-11-10 2021-11-10 Two-dimensional precision gap eliminating adjusting mechanism of photoelectric auto-collimator

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN114234001B (en)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101672726A (en) * 2009-10-15 2010-03-17 哈尔滨工业大学 Spatial light communication terminal communication detector locating test device and method
DE102011012611A1 (en) * 2011-02-28 2012-08-30 Trioptics Gmbh Method for contactless measurement of angle at which object is arranged relative to axis of outer reference system, involves placing object in collimated beam path of autocollimator, whose orientation is known in reference system
CN106886228A (en) * 2017-04-29 2017-06-23 吉林大学 A kind of 3 Shaft angle micro-adjusting mechanisms
CN207622760U (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-07-17 鞍山光准科技有限公司 A kind of autocollimator two dimension adjustable base

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101672726A (en) * 2009-10-15 2010-03-17 哈尔滨工业大学 Spatial light communication terminal communication detector locating test device and method
DE102011012611A1 (en) * 2011-02-28 2012-08-30 Trioptics Gmbh Method for contactless measurement of angle at which object is arranged relative to axis of outer reference system, involves placing object in collimated beam path of autocollimator, whose orientation is known in reference system
CN106886228A (en) * 2017-04-29 2017-06-23 吉林大学 A kind of 3 Shaft angle micro-adjusting mechanisms
CN207622760U (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-07-17 鞍山光准科技有限公司 A kind of autocollimator two dimension adjustable base

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN114234001A (en) 2022-03-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN109141295B (en) Device and method for measuring coaxiality error of multistage rotating body
EP2980526B1 (en) Coordinate measuring device and method
CN105487247B (en) A kind of optical sensor is turned back part assembling ＆ adjusting system and method
CN107607059B (en) One-key type 3D contour measurement equipment and measurement calculation method thereof
US7766298B2 (en) Apparatus for positioning an image measuring platform
CN111781721B (en) Movable assembling and adjusting system for meter-grade caliber optical lens supporting device
CN114234001B (en) Two-dimensional precision gap eliminating adjusting mechanism of photoelectric auto-collimator
CN101451825A (en) Calibrating method of image measuring instrument
CN115727781A (en) Real-time detection device and method for roundness and surface appearance of deep hole
CN104048602A (en) Complete imaging vision measurement device
CN105091770A (en) Bridge support deformation disease detection system
KR20170139402A (en) System for 3 dimensional scanning and target device for calibration of line type laser
CN104459977B (en) Secondary mirror adjusting mechanism used for vehicle-mounted adaptive optical imaging telescope
CN103801824B (en) A kind of auto-focusing high-precision large-stroke precise positioning work table
JPH08201568A (en) Incore inspection system, inspection equipment and position detector thereof and method for inspection thereof
CN111965145A (en) Spatial different-plane optical window assembly multi-degree-of-freedom transmission resolution testing device
CN112378615A (en) Off-axis focusing device for 2D-3C PIV test
CN103292702B (en) A kind of silicon rod physical dimension measuring instrument
CN115824280A (en) Automatic encoder grating eccentricity adjusting system
CN113091511B (en) Directional cross rail tracking method based on similar triangle proportion mapping principle
US8921788B1 (en) Laser sensor with integrated rotating mechanism
CN109870124A (en) A kind of pipe part inner hole linearity testing apparatus
CN116202425A (en) Laser ranging device
CN113686875A (en) Equipment and method for detecting defects of inner wall of pier
CN109469801B (en) High-precision motion capture equipment for three-dimensional space animation scene construction

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant