CN114233609A - Bearing cooling structure, bearing, compressor and refrigeration equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a bearing cooling structure, a bearing, a compressor and refrigeration equipment. The bearing cooling structure comprises a shell and a radial lining, wherein the radial lining is installed in the shell, and a first sealing ring is installed between the radial lining and the shell. By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the damping of the bearing is increased, the vibration of the bearing is slowed down, the rigidity of the bearing is improved, the concentricity of the bearing is ensured, meanwhile, the assembly precision of the whole rotor system is improved, the reliability and the stability of the operation of the whole shafting are further ensured, the service life of the cooling structure of the bearing is prolonged, and the noise is reduced.

Description

Bearing cooling structure, bearing, compressor and refrigeration equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of transmission parts, in particular to a bearing cooling structure, a bearing, a compressor and refrigeration equipment.

Background

With the development of science and technology, people pursue the quality of products to be more excellent, and the compressor is no exception, wherein the quality of one compressor is evaluated, and the comprehensive performance of a plurality of indexes such as vibration noise, shafting reliability and the like is evaluated. In a compressor, the rotating speed of a common shaft system is in a high-speed state, and in the state, the centrifugal force borne by the shaft system is large, the oil temperature is too high, and the shaft system is easy to damage, so that how to control the temperature of the shaft system not to increase along with the increase of the speed is very important.

In the prior art of compressors, most of motor cooling adopts axial grooves formed in the surface of a rotor shaft or oil guide holes formed in a bearing inner ring, and the lubricating effect of the axial grooves needs to consider the rotating speed of a rotor on one hand and the sealing effect of a refrigerant on the other hand. The rotating speed is too high, the centrifugal force borne by the refrigerant is larger, the area of the bearing part cannot be in contact with the moisture of the refrigerant, the temperature of the bearing is increased, and the service life of the bearing is influenced. In addition, if the sealing performance of the bearing is poor, part of the refrigerant may leak and cannot be fully utilized, and the normal operation of the shafting is further influenced, so that the shafting has great potential safety hazard, and the quality of the whole product is further influenced. The liquid guide hole is axially formed, a refrigerant in the system flows into the bearing inner ring through the liquid guide hole to cool the bearing inner ring, and is discharged along the axial direction through the bearing inner ring.

Furthermore, most importantly, during the use process of the bearing, because the rotor rotates periodically, the bearing is easy to generate periodic vibration, so that the service life of the bearing is easy to be influenced, and the noise problem is easy to be caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides a bearing cooling structure, a bearing, a compressor and refrigeration equipment, and aims to solve the technical problem that the bearing in the prior art is easy to vibrate.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a bearing cooling structure, including: a housing; the radial bushing is installed in the shell, and a first sealing ring is installed between the radial bushing and the shell.

In one embodiment, the first seal ring is a plurality of first seal rings, and the plurality of first seal rings are distributed at intervals in the axial direction of the radial liner.

In one embodiment, a second seal ring is mounted to the exterior of the housing.

In one embodiment, the second seal ring is plural, and the plural second seal rings are distributed at intervals in the axial direction of the housing.

In one embodiment, the bearing cooling structure further comprises an axial bushing installed at one end of the housing, a shaft end cooling hole is formed in the axial bushing, a radial cooling hole is formed in the radial bushing, a liquid inlet is formed in the housing, and a radial cooling channel and an axial cooling channel are formed in the housing and are communicated with the liquid inlet and the shaft end cooling hole.

In one embodiment, a locating boss is formed in the housing and the radial bushing is mounted in the housing by the locating boss.

In one embodiment, the radial cooling holes are in multiple groups, including a first radial cooling hole group proximate to the axial liner and a second radial cooling hole group distal from the axial liner.

In one embodiment, the radial cooling holes further comprise a third radial cooling hole set located between the first radial cooling hole set and the second radial cooling hole set.

In one embodiment, the radial liner defines a first radial ring groove in communication with each of the first radial set of cooling holes, a second radial ring groove in communication with the second radial set of cooling holes, and a third radial ring groove in communication with the third radial set of cooling holes.

In one embodiment, the radial cooling flow passages include a first radial cooling flow passage in communication with the first radial ring groove, a second radial cooling flow passage in communication with the second radial ring groove, and a third radial cooling flow passage in communication with the third radial ring groove.

In one embodiment, the first radial cooling channel has a larger cross-sectional dimension than the second radial cooling channel, and the third radial cooling channel has a cross-sectional dimension between the first radial cooling channel and the second radial cooling channel.

In one embodiment, the inner wall of the radial bushing is formed with a guide groove in the axial direction, the guide groove communicating with the axial bushing.

In one embodiment, a sump is formed on the thrust surface of the axial bushing.

In one embodiment, an oil discharge port is formed on the thrust surface of the axial bushing in communication with the reservoir.

The invention also provides a bearing, which comprises a bearing cooling structure, wherein the bearing cooling structure is the bearing cooling structure.

The invention also provides a compressor, which comprises the bearing, wherein the bearing is the bearing.

The invention also provides refrigeration equipment which comprises a compressor, wherein the compressor is the compressor.

In the above embodiment, through the first sealing ring between the radial liner and the housing, the damping of the bearing is increased, the vibration of the bearing is slowed down, the rigidity of the bearing is improved, the concentricity of the bearing is ensured, meanwhile, the assembly precision of the whole rotor system is improved, the reliability and the stability of the operation of the whole shafting are further ensured, the service life of the bearing cooling structure is prolonged, and the noise is reduced.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional structural schematic of an embodiment of a bearing cooling structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a left side structural schematic view of the bearing cooling structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an axial bushing of the bearing cooling arrangement of FIG. 1.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

Fig. 1, 2 and 3 show an embodiment of the bearing cooling structure of the present invention, which includes a housing 10 and a radial liner 20, wherein the radial liner 20 is installed in the housing 10, and a first seal ring 41 is installed between the radial liner 20 and the housing 10.

By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the first sealing ring 41 between the radial liner 20 and the shell 10 increases the damping of the bearing, slows down the vibration of the bearing, improves the rigidity of the bearing, improves the assembly precision of the whole rotor system while ensuring the concentricity of the bearing, further ensures the reliability and the stability of the operation of the whole shafting, prolongs the service life of the cooling structure of the bearing and reduces the noise.

Alternatively, the material used for the radial liner 20 is typically an alloy steel, which may be replaced with silicon nitride due to the nature of the material used for the bearing and environmental considerations.

Preferably, there are a plurality of first sealing rings 41, and the plurality of first sealing rings 41 are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the radial liner 20, so as to further improve the reliability and the stability of the shafting operation. More preferably, the plurality of first seal rings 41 are equally spaced in the axial direction of the radial liner 20.

As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a second seal ring 42 is preferably attached to the outside of the housing 10. The damping between the bearing cooling structure and the mounting carrier can be increased through the second sealing ring 42, the overall vibration of the bearing cooling structure is slowed down, the assembly precision of the whole bearing cooling structure is improved, the reliability and the stability of the operation of the whole shafting are further ensured, the service life of the bearing cooling structure is prolonged, and the noise is reduced.

Preferably, the second sealing ring 42 is plural, and the plural second sealing rings 42 are distributed at intervals in the axial direction of the radial housing 10. Therefore, the reliability and the stability of the shafting operation can be further improved. More preferably, the plurality of second seal rings 42 are equally spaced in the axial direction of the radial housing 10.

Preferably, the first seal ring 41 and the second seal ring 42 are O-rings or other seal rings.

As shown in fig. 1, preferably, the bearing cooling structure further includes an axial bushing 30, the axial bushing 30 is mounted at one end of the housing 10, the radial bushing 20 is provided with a radial cooling hole, and the axial bushing 30 is provided with a shaft end cooling hole 31. The housing 10 is provided with a liquid inlet 17, and a radial cooling flow passage for communicating the liquid inlet 17 with the radial cooling hole and an axial cooling flow passage 14 for communicating the liquid inlet 17 with the shaft end cooling hole 31 are formed in the housing 10. When the cooling medium outside the system is injected into the liquid inlet 17, a part of the cooling medium flows into the inner cavity of the bearing through the radial cooling flow channel, and a part of the cooling medium flows to the main thrust surface of the bearing through the axial cooling flow channel 14 and the shaft end cooling hole 31. On one hand, the temperature of the outer ring of the bearing is reduced, the flow of the refrigerant flowing into the radial bushing 20 is guaranteed, on the other hand, the bearing capacity of the main thrust surface of the bearing can be effectively improved due to the oil film formed in the axial direction, and the cooling effect of the bearing is improved due to the technical scheme of the invention.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, in the solution of the present embodiment, the liquid inlet 17 is a circumferential groove, and the width of the circumferential groove is generally 1/5 of the axial length of the bearing. When the cooling device is used, part of liquid refrigerant enters along the bottom of the annular groove, and the purpose of continuously cooling the radial liner 20 is achieved while the refrigerant entering the inside of the radial liner 20 is fully ensured not to be vaporized. Alternatively, the bore diameter of the shaft end cooling hole 31 is 1/20 of the bearing diameter.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a positioning boss 15 is formed in the housing 10, and the radial bush 20 is mounted in the housing 10 through the positioning boss 15. The positioning boss 15 can play a positioning and mounting effect on the radial bush 20, and mounting accuracy is improved.

More preferably, the housing 10 and the radial bushing 20 are connected together by a connection 16. By connecting the radial bushing 20 to the housing 10 via the connection 16, the radial bushing 20 is prevented from slipping relative to the housing 10. Alternatively, the connecting member 16 is a pin. The housing 10 and the radial bush 20 are fixed radially by pins and are axially positioned by the positioning bosses 15 on the inner wall of the housing 10. Meanwhile, the radial bush 20 and the shell 10 are fixed through double pins, and the rotation of the radial bush 20 is avoided. The axial bushing 30 is screwed to the housing 10.

In the technical scheme of this embodiment, the housing 10 and the radial bushing 20 are in interference fit through a cold-pack manner, the assembly clearance is controlled to be 0.5-2 microns, the concentricity of the bearing is ensured, and meanwhile, the assembly precision of the shafting is improved, so that the positioning precision of the rotor system is improved, and the reliability and the stability of the operation of the shafting are ensured. Preferably, the radial liner 20 is made of a plurality of composite materials, which may be ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and/or sialon and/or polytetrafluoroethylene, wherein the innermost ring material is ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, and the mechanical property thereof is optimal compared with other two materials, and the bearing capacity of the composite materials is generally higher than that of a single material, and the composite materials are made of the composite materials, so that the rigidity and damping of the bearing are improved, and the heat dissipation performance of the bearing is optimized.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the radial cooling holes are in multiple sets, including a first radial cooling hole set 21 and a second radial cooling hole set 22, the first radial cooling hole set 21 being located near the axial liner 30, and the second radial cooling hole set 22 being located away from the axial liner 30. On the one hand, the refrigerant is more evenly reasonable in the distribution of bush inner wall, the effectual radiating effect who improves the bearing, on the other hand, has improved the bearing capacity of bearing main thrust face. More preferably, the radial cooling holes further include a third radial cooling hole group 23, the third radial cooling hole group 23 being located between the first radial cooling hole group 21 and the second radial cooling hole group 22.

Because the refrigerant is volatile characteristic and under the operation operating mode of difference, the axial force of bearing is not of uniform size, for satisfying all operating mode bearing operation requirements, because bearing main thrust face friction is more, the load of bearing is great, the cross section size of the first radial cooling hole group 21 that is nearer apart from main thrust face can accelerate the speed and the flow that the refrigerant flows in greatly, provides great bearing capacity, accelerates the cooling of bearing, avoids the refrigerant that flows into the bearing inner chamber because the bearing temperature is too high and the vaporization.

Preferably, the first set of radial cooling holes 21 are located at a distance from the main bearing thrust face of approximately the bearing axial length 1/5.

As shown in FIG. 1, the radial liner 20 defines a first radial ring groove 211 communicating with the first radial cooling hole group 21, a second radial ring groove 221 communicating with the second radial cooling hole group 22, and a third radial ring groove 231 communicating with the third radial cooling hole group 23. In use, the first, second, and third radial ring grooves 211, 221, 231 feed the first, second, and third radial cooling hole groups 21, 22, 23, respectively.

It should be noted that the number of the first radial cooling hole group 21, the second radial cooling hole group 22, and the third radial cooling hole group 23 is not too large, and since the radial liner 20 is made of a plurality of composite materials, if the number of the holes is too large, the radial liner 20 is prone to cracking and damage, and meanwhile, the rigidity and the damping of the bearing are reduced, the heat dissipation performance of the bearing is affected, and the shafting instability is prone to being caused.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the radial cooling channels include a first radial cooling channel 11, a second radial cooling channel 12, and a third radial cooling channel 13, the first radial cooling channel 11 is communicated with the first radial ring groove 211, the second radial cooling channel 12 is communicated with the second radial ring groove 221, and the third radial cooling channel 13 is communicated with the third radial ring groove 231. In use, the first radial cooling channel 11, the second radial cooling channel 12 and the third radial cooling channel 13 feed the first radial ring groove 211, the second radial ring groove 221 and the third radial ring groove 231, respectively.

Alternatively, the hole diameter D3 of the first radial cooling hole group 21 and the hole diameter D1 of the second radial cooling hole group 22 are typically controlled to be 4-6mm, and the hole diameter D2 of the third radial cooling hole group 23 is controlled to be 8-12 mm.

Preferably, the inner diameter of the first radial cooling channel 11 is generally 12-15mm, the inner diameter of the second radial cooling channel 12 is generally 2-4mm smaller than the inner diameter of the first radial cooling channel 11, and the inner diameter of the third radial cooling channel 13 is generally 8-10 mm.

In the technical scheme of the invention, because the first radial cooling flow channel 11, the second radial cooling flow channel 12 and the third radial cooling flow channel 13 are attached to the radial end surface of the shell 10, the overall temperature of the bearing can be reduced in advance before the refrigerant flows into the radial bushing 20, and the refrigerant flowing into the radial bushing 20 is prevented from volatilizing.

More preferably, the first radial cooling channel 11 has a larger cross-sectional dimension than the second radial cooling channel 12, and the third radial cooling channel 13 has a cross-sectional dimension between the first radial cooling channel 11 and the second radial cooling channel 12.

More preferably, the first radial ring groove 211, the second radial ring groove 221, and the third radial ring groove 231 are shaped like a corrugated strip, so that the friction of the refrigerant flowing into the inner ring of the radial liner 20 is reduced, and the energy loss is minimized.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in the solution of the present embodiment, the inner wall of the radial bushing 20 is formed with a guide groove 24 along the axial direction, and the guide groove 24 communicates with the axial bushing 30. When the bearing is used, part of refrigerant on the inner wall of the radial bushing 20 flows into the guide groove 24 along the circumferential direction, the guide groove 24 can store part of the refrigerant, and when the rotor system has an emergency fault, the refrigerant in the guide groove 24 can supply lubricant required by the normal operation of the rotor system, so that the bearing capacity is improved, the abrasion of the bearing when the bearing has the fault is reduced, and the service life and the reliability of a shaft system are improved. Optionally, the guiding groove 24 is a wedge-shaped guiding groove. Preferably, the flow guide groove 24 can be a plurality of, and the angle of the flow guide groove 24

The guide grooves 24 are uniformly distributed on the lower half part of the bearing at an angle of 60 degrees, and part of liquid refrigerant flowing into the inner ring of the radial bush 20 remains in the wedge-shaped guide grooves 24 to form a lubricating liquid film.

Preferably, a reservoir 32 is formed on the thrust surface of the axial bushing 30. When the cooling device is used, part of the refrigerant flows into the liquid storage tank 32 along the diversion trench 24, and the liquid storage tank 32 can form a layer of oil film on the axial end face due to the fact that friction of the main thrust face of the bearing is large, so that the effect of greatly cooling the main thrust face of the bearing is achieved while the axial bearing capacity of the bearing is improved.

More preferably, an oil discharge port 33 is formed on the thrust surface of the axial bushing 30. Optionally, the reservoir 32 is communicated with a plurality of oil discharge ports 33. The coolant with partial residue chips is discharged out of the bearing body through the oil discharge port 33, so that the automatic cleaning of the bearing is realized while cooling and lubricating are achieved.

According to the technical scheme, when the bearing is used, the inner wall of the radial bushing 20 is provided with the plurality of flow guide grooves 24, the end face of the axial bushing 30 is provided with the plurality of liquid storage grooves 32, the liquid storage grooves 32 are communicated with the plurality of oil discharging ports 33, part of refrigerant on the inner wall of the bearing is stored in the flow guide grooves 24, lubricating liquid required by operation is provided for a rotor system, the bearing capacity is improved, meanwhile, the oil requirement for rotation of the rotor system when a motor breaks down is guaranteed, the abrasion of the bearing is reduced, and the service life and the reliability of a shafting are improved. Partial refrigerant flows into the liquid storage tank 32 along the flow guide groove 24, the axial bearing capacity of the bearing is improved, meanwhile, the effect of greatly cooling the main thrust surface of the bearing is achieved, the refrigerant with partial residue fragments is discharged out of the bearing body through the oil discharge port 33, and the automatic cleaning function of the bearing is achieved while cooling and lubricating are achieved.

Preferably, the length L3 of the reservoir 32 is generally 1.5-2mm less than the radius of the bearing, the width L2 of the bottom is generally 1/25-3/25 of the arc length of the outer diameter of the bearing, and the depth of the bevel is 0.8-1.3. When the liquid refrigerant in the wedge-shaped guide groove 24 carries residue chips in the bearing to flow into the oil unloading groove 10, the residue chips are discharged to a system circulating oil way through the oil unloading opening 33, the width L1 of the oil unloading opening 33 is generally 1.2-1.6mm, and the depth is controlled within 0.8-1.2 mm.

The invention also provides a bearing, which comprises the bearing cooling structure. By adopting the bearing cooling structure, the cooling and lubricating effects of the bearing can be improved.

The invention also provides a compressor comprising the bearing.

The invention also provides refrigeration equipment comprising the compressor.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made to the embodiment of the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (17)

1. A bearing cooling structure, comprising:

a housing (10);

a radial bushing (20) mounted within the housing (10), a first seal ring (41) being mounted between the radial bushing (20) and the housing (10).

2. Bearing cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the first sealing ring (41) is plural, the plural first sealing rings (41) being spaced apart in the axial direction of the radial liner (20).

3. Bearing cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that a second sealing ring (42) is mounted on the outside of the housing (10).

4. The bearing cooling structure according to claim 3, wherein the second seal ring (42) is plural, and the plural second seal rings (42) are spaced apart in an axial direction of the housing (10).

5. The bearing cooling structure according to claim 1, further comprising an axial bushing (30) installed at one end of the housing (10), wherein the axial bushing (30) is provided with a shaft end cooling hole (31), the radial bushing (20) is provided with a radial cooling hole, the housing (10) is provided with a liquid inlet (17), and a radial cooling flow channel communicating the liquid inlet (17) with the radial cooling hole and an axial cooling flow channel (14) communicating the liquid inlet (17) with the shaft end cooling hole (31) are formed in the housing (10).

6. Bearing cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that a positioning boss (15) is formed in the housing (10), the radial bushing (20) being mounted in the housing (10) by means of the positioning boss (15).

7. The bearing cooling structure according to claim 5, wherein the radial cooling holes are in multiple groups, including a first radial cooling hole group (21) and a second radial cooling hole group (22), the first radial cooling hole group (21) being close to the axial liner (30), the second radial cooling hole group (22) being far from the axial liner (30).

8. The bearing cooling structure of claim 7, wherein the radial cooling holes further comprise a third radial cooling hole group (23), the third radial cooling hole group (23) being located between the first radial cooling hole group (21) and the second radial cooling hole group (22).

9. A bearing cooling structure according to claim 8, characterized in that the radial liner (20) is formed with a first radial ring groove (211) communicating with the first radial cooling hole group (21), a second radial ring groove (221) communicating with the second radial cooling hole group (22), and a third radial ring groove (231) communicating with the third radial cooling hole group (23), respectively.

10. The bearing cooling structure according to claim 9, wherein the radial cooling flow passage includes a first radial cooling flow passage (11), a second radial cooling flow passage (12), and a third radial cooling flow passage (13), the first radial cooling flow passage (11) communicating with the first radial ring groove (211), the second radial cooling flow passage (12) communicating with the second radial ring groove (221), and the third radial cooling flow passage (13) communicating with the third radial ring groove (231).

11. Bearing cooling structure according to claim 10, characterized in that the first radial cooling flow channel (11) has a larger cross-sectional dimension than the second radial cooling flow channel (12), and the third radial cooling flow channel (13) has a cross-sectional dimension between the first radial cooling flow channel (11) and the second radial cooling flow channel (12).

12. Bearing cooling structure according to claim 5, characterized in that the inner wall of the radial bushing (20) is formed with guide grooves (24) in the axial direction, the guide grooves (24) communicating with the axial bushing (30).

13. Bearing cooling structure according to claim 5, characterized in that a reservoir (32) is formed on the thrust face of the axial bushing (30).

14. Bearing cooling structure according to claim 13, characterized in that an oil discharge opening (33) is formed on the thrust surface of the axial bushing (30) in communication with the reservoir (32).

15. A bearing comprising a bearing cooling structure, wherein the bearing cooling structure is as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14.

16. A compressor comprising a bearing, wherein the bearing is the bearing of claim 15.

17. A refrigeration apparatus comprising a compressor, wherein said compressor is the compressor of claim 16.

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