CN114233392A - Method for optimizing mining parameters of underground low ecological damage working face - Google Patents
Method for optimizing mining parameters of underground low ecological damage working face Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for optimizing mining parameters of a working face with low ecological damage in a well, which comprises six steps of collecting geological mining data of the well, selecting initial values of mining parameters of the working face, designing and developing experimental groups, predicting subsidence of each experimental group and evaluating damage level, selecting an optimal experimental group, selecting optimized parameters of the working face and the like. The invention adopts the probability integration method which is mature and applied at present to carry out subsidence prediction and optimal selection of working face parameters, effectively reduces the difficulty of data calculation operation during subsidence prediction evaluation, improves the normalization of the calculation operation, the efficiency of data statistics calculation and the accuracy of subsidence prediction, and simultaneously provides accurate reference basis for assessment and analysis of subsidence damage grades, thereby achieving the purposes of improving the accuracy of the subsidence prediction operation of a coal mining subsidence area and the convenience of prediction and evaluation operation, and providing decision support for the selection of the working face parameters with low ecological damage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for optimizing mining parameters of an underground low-ecological-damage working face, and belongs to the technical field of communication.
Background
The exploitation of underground coal resources often causes large-scale subsidence of the earth surface and seriously damages the ecological environment of the earth surface. In recent years, low ecological damage mining concepts are continuously proposed, and it is required to minimize damage to local ecology caused by mining while mining coal resources. However, how to scientifically and reasonably determine the mining parameters of the working face can balance the mining of coal resources and the local ecological protection, and the problem is still unsolved at present. For the problem, corresponding prediction and evaluation technologies exist at present, for example, in patent CN201910909262.2, an orthogonal multi-factor subsidence analysis is performed by using a numerical simulation method, so as to determine optimal parameters of the loss-reduced mining working face under different geological conditions. However, the accuracy of numerical simulation is poor, so that the optimization of parameters is limited, and the requirements of actual use are difficult to effectively meet.
Therefore, aiming at the problem, a brand-new method for optimizing the mining parameters of the underground low-ecological-damage working face is urgently needed to be developed so as to meet the requirement of practical use.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for optimizing mining parameters of a downhole low-ecological-damage working face.
A mining parameter optimization method for an underground low ecological damage working face comprises the following steps:
firstly, collecting mine address mining data, namely collecting mine excavation data such as a geological profile, geological hydrology, geological structure and goaf distribution near a working face, coal bed burial depth, coal bed mining thickness, maximum mining width allowed by the prior art of a mine and the like at a drilling position near the mine (range or area); then, taking the damage grade of the brick-concrete structure building in the specification of building, water body, railway and main roadway coal pillar setting and coal pressing mining as an execution reference standard, and ensuring that the mining damage of the earth surface to be evaluated does not reach the grade II standard;
secondly, selecting initial values of mining parameters of the working face, and primarily selecting initial values D30, D10 and M10 of the length, width and height parameters of the working face according to the maximum mining damage grade of the earth surface and similar mine mining damage experience;
thirdly, designing and developing an experimental group, wherein near the initial value, the working face length is separated by 0.05 times of mining depth, the working face width is separated by 0.01 times of mining depth, and the mining height is separated by 0.1 meter to carry out five-level experimental combination design;
fourthly, estimating the subsidence of each experimental group according to the damage grade, estimating the surface mining subsidence under each experimental combination by using a probability integration method, and estimating the surface mining damage degree;
fifthly, selecting an optimal experimental group; selecting an optimal experimental combination which simultaneously satisfies the conditions from all experimental combinations: the maximum mining damage grade of the earth surface is less than grade II; the coal yield of the working face is maximum, namely the coal yield volume of the working face is maximum;
sixthly, selecting working surface optimization parameters; the optimal experimental combination design parameters D30, D10, and M10. Considering the complexity of the mining geological mining conditions of the working face and the existence of prediction errors, in order to ensure that the mining damage does not exceed the limit, the selected value is reduced by 10 percent to be used as the optimal parameter of the final working face; final face preferred parameters were also obtained of 0.9 xd 30, 0.9 xd 10, and 0.9 xm 10.
Further, the damage level in the first step is an execution reference standard, and the damage degree and the judgment index of each level are as follows:
the grade I damage, the slight damage of the earth surface, cracks with the width less than 4mm on the brick wall between nature, the total width of a plurality of cracks is less than 10mm, the horizontal deformation is less than 2.0mm/m, the inclination is less than 3.0mm/m, and the curvature is less than 0.2mm/m2；
Grade II damage, slight surface damage, cracks with width less than 15mm on the brick wall, total width of multiple cracks less than 30mm, horizontal deformation less than 4.0mm/m, inclination less than 6.0mm/m, curvature less than 0.4mm/m2；
III-grade damage, surface moderate damage, cracks with width less than 30mm on the natural brick wall, total width of multiple cracks less than 50mm, horizontal deformation less than 6.0mm/m, inclination less than 10.0mm/m, curvature less than 0.6mm/m2；
IV-grade damage, serious damage to the earth surface, cracks with width larger than 30mm on the natural brick wall, total width of more than 50mm of multiple cracks, horizontal deformation larger than 6.0mm/m, inclination larger than 10.0mm/m, and curvature larger than 0.6mm/m2。
Further, in the fourth step, the probability integration method predicts the surface mining subsidence under each experimental combination, takes the maximum surface subsidence, inclination, curvature and horizontal deformation value of the experimental group as parameters, and constructs a function based on the parameters as follows:
wo＝Mq cosα
io＝wo/r
uo＝bwo
in the formula: w is ao、io、ko、uo、εoThe maximum sinking value, the maximum inclination value, the maximum curvature value, the maximum horizontal movement value and the maximum horizontal deformation value; m is the mining thickness, q is the sinking coefficient, alpha is the coal seam dip angle, r is the major influence radius, and b is the horizontal migration coefficient.
Further, in the fifth step, the selection conditions of the optimal experimental combination are as follows:
a. the damage grade is lower than the highest sustainable damage grade of the local ecology;
b. and under the condition of meeting the first condition, the coal extraction amount is maximum.
The invention adopts the probability integration method which is mature and applied at present to carry out subsidence prediction and optimal selection of working face parameters, effectively reduces the difficulty of data calculation operation during prediction and evaluation operation, improves the normalization of the calculation operation and the data statistics and calculation efficiency and precision, and provides accurate reference basis for subsidence prediction analysis, thereby achieving the purposes of improving the precision of ecological subsidence prediction operation in mining subsidence areas and the convenience of prediction and evaluation operation, and providing decision support for the selection of the working face parameters with low ecological damage.
Drawings
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description;
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a data acquisition topographic structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a table of data summarization for initial values of mining depths in an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a summary table of data of the experimental damage prediction evaluation results in the examples.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate the implementation of the technical means, creation features, achievement of the purpose and the efficacy of the invention, the invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-4, a method for optimizing mining parameters of a downhole low-ecological damage working face comprises the following steps:
firstly, collecting mine address mining data, namely collecting mine excavation data such as a geological profile, geological hydrology, geological structure and goaf distribution near a working face, coal bed burial depth, coal bed mining thickness, maximum mining width allowed by the prior art of a mine and the like at a drilling position near the mine (range or area); then, taking the damage grade of the brick-concrete structure building in the specification of building, water body, railway and main roadway coal pillar setting and coal pressing mining as an execution reference standard, and ensuring that the mining damage of the earth surface to be evaluated does not reach the grade II standard;
secondly, selecting initial values of mining parameters of the working face, and primarily selecting initial values D30, D10 and M10 of the length, width and height parameters of the working face according to the maximum mining damage grade of the earth surface and similar mine mining damage experience;
thirdly, designing and developing an experimental group, wherein near the initial value, the working face length is separated by 0.05 times of mining depth, the working face width is separated by 0.01 times of mining depth, and the mining height is separated by 0.1 meter to carry out five-level experimental combination design;
fourthly, estimating the subsidence of each experimental group according to the damage grade, estimating the surface mining subsidence under each experimental combination by using a probability integration method, and estimating the surface mining damage degree;
fifthly, selecting an optimal experimental group; selecting an optimal experimental combination which simultaneously satisfies the conditions from all experimental combinations: the maximum mining damage grade of the earth surface is less than grade II; the coal yield of the working face is maximum, namely the coal yield volume of the working face is maximum;
sixthly, selecting working surface optimization parameters; the optimal experimental combination design parameters D30, D10, and M10. Considering the complexity of the mining geological mining conditions of the working face and the existence of prediction errors, in order to ensure that the mining damage does not exceed the limit, the selected value is reduced by 10 percent to be used as the optimal parameter of the final working face; final face preferred parameters were also obtained of 0.9 xd 30, 0.9 xd 10, and 0.9 xm 10.
In this embodiment, the damage level in the first step is an execution reference standard, and the damage degree and the determination index of each level are as follows:
the grade I damage, the slight damage of the earth surface, cracks with the width less than 4mm on the brick wall between nature, the total width of a plurality of cracks is less than 10mm, the horizontal deformation is less than 2.0mm/m, the inclination is less than 3.0mm/m, and the curvature is less than 0.2mm/m2；
Grade II damage, slight surface damage, cracks with width less than 15mm on the brick wall, total width of multiple cracks less than 30mm, horizontal deformation less than 4.0mm/m, inclination less than 6.0mm/m, curvature less than 0.4mm/m2；
III-grade damage, surface moderate damage, cracks with width less than 30mm on the natural brick wall, total width of multiple cracks less than 50mm, horizontal deformation less than 6.0mm/m, inclination less than 10.0mm/m, curvature less than 0.6mm/m2；
IV-grade damage, serious damage to the earth surface, cracks with width larger than 30mm on the natural brick wall, total width of more than 50mm of multiple cracks, horizontal deformation larger than 6.0mm/m, inclination larger than 10.0mm/m, and curvature larger than 0.6mm/m2。
It is important to explain that, in the fourth step, the probability integration method predicts the surface mining subsidence under each experimental combination, takes the maximum subsidence, inclination, curvature and horizontal deformation value of the surface of the experimental group as parameters, and constructs a function based on the parameters as follows:
determining the initial values of mining parameters of the working face according to geological mining data of the mine and production process limitations: the length D30 of the working face is 1500 meters, the width D10 is 200 meters, and the height M10 is 5.0 meters;
wo＝Mq cosα
io＝wo/r
uo＝bwo
in the formula: w is ao、io、ko、uo、εoThe maximum sinking value, the maximum inclination value, the maximum curvature value, the maximum horizontal movement value and the maximum horizontal deformation value; m is the mining thickness, q is the sinking coefficient, alpha is the coal seam dip angle, r is the major influence radius, and b is the horizontal migration coefficient.
In addition, in the fifth step, the selection conditions of the optimal experimental combination are as follows:
a. the damage grade is lower than the highest sustainable damage grade of the local ecology;
b. and under the condition of meeting the first condition, the coal extraction amount is maximum.
In order to better explain the technical content described in the present invention and to fully understand the technical solution described in the present invention, the following description is given with reference to specific engineering examples:
in this example, a certain mine in the eastern Peak mining area was used as a research area, and this mine was located in Handan City in Hebei province. And (2) mining 2# large coal (the 2# large coal is a number of a mineable coal seam and is a main mining coal seam in a research area), wherein the thickness of the coal seam is about 5.5 meters, the inclination angle of the coal seam is about 10 degrees, the mining level is-900 meters to-1200 meters, and the average mining depth is 1000 meters. The coal seam has flat top and bottom plates, local unevenness, complete top plate, undeveloped cracks and medium top and bottom plate complexity.
Based on the background, the method for optimizing and selecting the parameters of the low-ecological-damage working face specifically comprises the following steps:
determining the maximum mining damage grade of the ground surface as grade I according to the ecological type of a mining area and the ecological damage requirement of a group;
according to the maximum mining damage grade of the earth surface and similar mine mining damage experience, initially selecting initial values D30, D10 and M10 of working face parameters;
and thirdly, carrying out nine-level experimental combination design by taking the initial mining depth value as a median, taking the length and width of the working face as intervals of 50 meters and taking the height of the working face as an interval of 0.1 meter. The parameter levels are respectively: the length of the working surface (1400 meters, 1450 meters, 1500 meters, 1550 meters, 1600 meters), the width of the working surface (180 meters, 190 meters, 200 meters, 210 meters, 220 meters), the height of the working surface (4.8 meters, 4.9 meters, 5.0 meters, 5.1 meters, 5.2 meters);
the specific data are counted as follows:
fourthly, predicting the surface mining subsidence under each experimental combination by utilizing a probability integration method, and evaluating the surface mining damage degree;
selecting the optimal experimental combination which simultaneously meets the following conditions from all experimental combinations: the maximum mining damage grade of the earth surface is less than grade II; the coal yield of the working face is the largest. The 21 st experimental group (the length of the working face is 1600m, the width of the working face is 180m, and the height of the working face is 4.9m) is found to be the optimal experimental combination through analysis;
sixthly, optimal experimental combination design parameter D 301600 × 0.9 ═ 1440 m, D10180 x 0.9 x 162M, and M104.9 × 0.9 ═ 4.41 meters.
The invention adopts the probability integration method which is mature and applied at present to carry out subsidence prediction and optimal selection of working face parameters, effectively reduces the difficulty of data calculation operation during prediction and evaluation operation, improves the normalization of the calculation operation and the data statistics and calculation efficiency and precision, and provides accurate reference basis for subsidence prediction analysis, thereby achieving the purposes of improving the precision of ecological subsidence prediction operation in mining subsidence areas and the convenience of prediction and evaluation operation, and providing decision support for the selection of the working face parameters with low ecological damage.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (4)
1. A method for optimizing mining parameters of an underground low ecological damage working face is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method for optimizing the mining parameters of the underground low ecological damage working face comprises the following steps:
firstly, collecting mine address mining data, namely collecting mine excavation data such as a geological profile, geological hydrology, geological structure and goaf distribution near a working face, coal bed burial depth, coal bed mining thickness, maximum mining width allowed by the prior art of a mine and the like at a drilling position near the mine (range or area); then, taking the damage grade of the brick-concrete structure building in the specification of building, water body, railway and main roadway coal pillar setting and coal pressing mining as an execution reference standard, and ensuring that the mining damage of the earth surface to be evaluated does not reach the grade II standard;
secondly, selecting initial values of mining parameters of the working face, and primarily selecting initial values D30, D10 and M10 of the length, width and height parameters of the working face according to the maximum mining damage grade of the earth surface and similar mine mining damage experience;
thirdly, designing and developing an experimental group, wherein near the initial value, the working face length is separated by 0.05 times of mining depth, the working face width is separated by 0.01 times of mining depth, and the mining height is separated by 0.1 meter to carry out five-level experimental combination design;
fourthly, estimating the subsidence of each experimental group according to the damage grade, estimating the surface mining subsidence under each experimental combination by using a probability integration method, and estimating the surface mining damage degree;
fifthly, selecting an optimal experimental group; selecting an optimal experimental combination which simultaneously satisfies the conditions from all experimental combinations: the maximum mining damage grade of the earth surface is less than grade II; the coal yield of the working face is maximum, namely the coal yield volume of the working face is maximum;
sixthly, selecting working surface optimization parameters; optimal experimental combination design parameters D30, D10, and M10; considering the complexity of the mining geological mining conditions of the working face and the existence of prediction errors, in order to ensure that the mining damage does not exceed the limit, the selected value is reduced by 10 percent to be used as the optimal parameter of the final working face; final face preferred parameters were also obtained of 0.9 xd 30, 0.9 xd 10, and 0.9 xm 10.
2. The method for optimizing mining parameters of the underground low-ecological-damage working face according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the damage grade in the first step is an execution reference standard, and the damage degree and the judgment index of each grade are as follows:
the grade I damage, the slight damage of the earth surface, cracks with the width less than 4mm on the brick wall between nature, the total width of a plurality of cracks is less than 10mm, the horizontal deformation is less than 2.0mm/m, the inclination is less than 3.0mm/m, and the curvature is less than 0.2mm/m2；
Grade II damage, slight damage to the earth's surface, on natural brick wallsCracks with width less than 15mm occur, the total width of multiple cracks is less than 30mm, horizontal deformation is less than 4.0mm/m, inclination is less than 6.0mm/m, and curvature is less than 0.4mm/m2；
III-grade damage, surface moderate damage, cracks with width less than 30mm on the natural brick wall, total width of multiple cracks less than 50mm, horizontal deformation less than 6.0mm/m, inclination less than 10.0mm/m, curvature less than 0.6mm/m2；
IV-grade damage, serious damage to the earth surface, cracks with width larger than 30mm on the natural brick wall, total width of more than 50mm of multiple cracks, horizontal deformation larger than 6.0mm/m, inclination larger than 10.0mm/m, and curvature larger than 0.6mm/m2。
3. The method for optimizing mining parameters of the underground low-ecological-damage working face according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the fourth step, the probability integration method is used for predicting the surface mining subsidence under each experimental combination, the maximum subsidence, inclination, curvature and horizontal deformation value of the surface of the experimental group are taken as parameters, and a function is constructed on the basis of the parameters:
in the formula:
the maximum sinking value, the maximum inclination value, the maximum curvature value, the maximum horizontal movement value and the maximum horizontal deformation value; for mining thickness, for sinking factor, for coal seam dip, for major influence radius, for horizontal migration factor.
4. The method for optimizing mining parameters of the underground low-ecological-damage working face according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the fifth step, the selection conditions of the optimal experimental combination are as follows:
a. the damage grade is lower than the highest sustainable damage grade of the local ecology;
b. and under the condition of meeting the first condition, the coal extraction amount is maximum.
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