CN114231988B - Antirust agent for water sand blasting rust removal of railway vehicles and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Antirust agent for water sand blasting rust removal of railway vehicles and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN114231988B
CN114231988B CN202111382957.3A CN202111382957A CN114231988B CN 114231988 B CN114231988 B CN 114231988B CN 202111382957 A CN202111382957 A CN 202111382957A CN 114231988 B CN114231988 B CN 114231988B
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water
antirust agent
railway vehicles
rust
rust removal
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CN114231988A (en
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艾佳
陈作炳
李超钢
赵天龙
朱雷
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
Wuhan Railway Vocational College of Technology
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
Wuhan Railway Vocational College of Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23FNON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F11/00Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
    • C23F11/08Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24CABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C11/00Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts
    • B24C11/005Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts of additives, e.g. anti-corrosive or disinfecting agents in solid, liquid or gaseous form

Abstract

The invention discloses an antirust agent for water sand blasting rust removal of railway vehicles and a preparation method and application thereof. The rust remover is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 3-15% of potassium fluozirconate, 2-8% of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, 3-12% of sodium silicate, 1-5% of inositol hexaphosphate, 1-5% of lauric acid diethanol amine, 0.8-3% of sodium citrate, 0.5-1.5% of surfactant and the balance of water; the antirust agent has good outdoor weather resistance, neutral salt spray resistance and salt water soaking resistance, has good spraying service performance, is suitable for being used in a water sand spraying rust removing process of railway vehicles, and has wide application prospect.

Description

Antirust agent for water sand blasting rust removal of railway vehicles and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal surface rust prevention, and particularly relates to a rust inhibitor for water sand blasting rust removal of railway vehicles, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The traditional sand blasting rust removal refers to the process of using compressed air as power to form high-speed jet beams so as to jet copper ore sand, quartz sand, carborundum, iron sand and other jet materials to the surface of a workpiece to be treated, so that the outer surface or the shape of the outer surface of the workpiece surface is changed. With the development of the sand blasting process, a novel water sand blasting process is developed and widely used in the rust removal of railway vehicles.
Different from sand blasting and rust removal in the common fields of steel, alloy and the like, the railway vehicle rust removal occasion has the particularity that: 1) The railway vehicle is large in size, usually works in an overhaul area, the working time is long, the working environment is humid, and a vehicle matrix after rust removal can be directly exposed to the external environment, so that secondary rusting is easily caused; 2) Railway vehicles usually have a specific overhaul period, and how to ensure the effectiveness and long time of rust prevention to reduce the overhaul frequency has important significance for improving economic benefits.
Patent document CN102011113A, CN106702391A, CN104746063A reports a similar rust inhibitor for railway vehicles, but the inventors found in practical tests that it could not exert a long-lasting rust-inhibiting effect; patent document CN110079796a provides an antirust agent for spraying the surface of a locomotive skeleton, but the raw material of the antirust agent contains strong acid, nitric acid and strong base, and the antirust agent is not suitable for a water-spraying sand rust removal process. Therefore, development of an antirust agent with proper price, good antirust effect and long antirust aging time is in need.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the rust inhibitor for the water sand blasting rust removal of the railway vehicles and the preparation method and the application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an antirust agent for water sand blasting rust removal of railway vehicles is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 3 to 15 percent of potassium fluozirconate, 2 to 8 percent of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, 3 to 12 percent of sodium silicate, 1 to 5 percent of inositol hexaphosphate, 1 to 5 percent of lauric acid diethanol amine, 0.8 to 3 percent of sodium citrate, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of surfactant and the balance of water.
As further optimization of the technical scheme of the invention, the catalyst is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 4 to 9 percent of potassium fluozirconate, 3 to 6 percent of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, 4 to 7 percent of sodium silicate, 2 to 4 percent of inositol hexaphosphate, 2 to 4 percent of lauric acid diethanol amine, 1 to 1.5 percent of sodium citrate, 0.8 to 1.2 percent of surfactant and the balance of water.
As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer has an average molecular weight of 2250.
As a further preferable aspect of the present invention, the modulus of the sodium silicate is 2.8.
As a further preferable mode of the present invention, the surfactant is OP-10.
The invention also claims a preparation method for preparing the antirust agent, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, sodium silicate and surfactant according to a proportion, then adding into water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution a;
(2) And weighing potassium fluorozirconate, phytic acid ester, lauric acid diethanol amine and sodium citrate according to the proportion, then adding the mixture into the mixed solution a, and uniformly stirring to obtain the antirust agent.
The invention also claims application of the antirust agent prepared by the method in the water sand blasting rust removal of railway vehicles.
As a further optimization of the technical scheme of the invention, the antirust agent is added into the circulating water for the water sand blasting rust removal of the railway vehicle for use or is directly sprayed after the water sand blasting rust removal is finished.
As further optimization of the technical scheme of the invention, the mass ratio of the rust remover to the circulating water is 1:8 to 15.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) In the antirust agent provided by the invention, potassium fluorozirconate and a maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer are used as main film forming agents, the potassium fluorozirconate can form a protective chemical conversion film on the surface of metal, the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer contains polycarboxyl, and when a film is formed on the surface of the metal, the long-chain structure of the polymer can promote the microminiaturization of a film forming crystal form of the potassium fluorozirconate so as to play a role in regulating the crystal form; meanwhile, by the composite use of potassium fluorozirconate and maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, elements such as zirconium, fluorine, potassium and the like are introduced, the density of the formed film can be further improved due to rich charge distribution, the porosity of the formed film is reduced, the anti-rust capability of the film is synergistically enhanced, and the defect that the density of the film is small when a single substance is used is overcome.
(2) In the invention, sodium silicate is introduced as an antirust agent, and the sodium silicate is rich in Si-OH and Na + The water-soluble sodium silicate antirust paint has good water solubility and can be well dissolved to form a film, but the single use of the sodium silicate easily has structural air holes and poor film forming property, and through the use of the potassium fluorozirconate and the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, the good film forming property of the surface of a metal substrate is ensured, and the problem that the single use of the sodium silicate as the antirust paint overcomes the defect that the single use of the sodium silicateThe agent has the defects of insufficient acid and alkali resistance and the like and short rust prevention period. Specifically, the use of sodium silicate can exert an antirust effect by: on one hand, the sodium silicate can be adsorbed to the surface of the membrane in an electrostatic action mode through abundant charges, so that the stability of the main membrane is further enhanced; meanwhile, the sodium silicate has low corrosion current and good insulativity, so that the formed membrane structure can fully obstruct the transfer of charges, reduce the diffusivity of the charges in the membrane layer and further reduce the possibility that corrosive ions permeate the main membrane layer to corrode base metal; on the other hand, from the corrosion theory, iron ions can be generated at the anode part of the steel plate of the railway vehicle through corrosion, and sodium silicate can generate an insoluble deposition film with the iron ions to fill gaps between films, so that the compactness of the films is further improved, and the anti-rust effect is ensured. In a word, the synergistic use of the substances ensures good antirust effect and avoids the potential low antirust effect of the pure sodium silicate without solidification.
(3) The antirust agent also uses a small amount of sodium citrate, so that the defect of film formation of the main material can be further overcome, and the formed film is more compact; and the use of lauric acid diethanol amine can ensure the dispersion uniformity of the substances, enhance the adhesion strength of the antirust agent on a metal matrix and promote the further improvement of the antirust capability.
(4) Also used in the present invention are small amounts of phytate which can act as corrosion inhibitors, in particular: the phytic acid ester contains rich groups, and iron ions generated after a metal matrix rusts can be chelated with the phytic acid ester to form a high-molecular-weight substance, so that a compact film can be formed more favorably.
(5) The OP-10 substance used in the invention plays a role in wetting, reduces the interfacial tension between the metal matrix and the antirust agent and enhances the film-forming property.
In a word, the rust remover disclosed by the invention preferably selects various substances to prepare the rust remover with good rust prevention effect and good stability, and has a good prospect in the water sand blasting rust removal of railway vehicles.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following detailed description, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. All starting materials are commercially available.
Example 1
An antirust agent for water sand blasting rust removal of railway vehicles is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 4.5% of potassium fluorozirconate, 4% of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, 5% of sodium silicate, 2% of phytic acid ester, 2% of lauric acid diethanol amine, 1.1% of sodium citrate, 0.8% of OP-10 and the balance of water.
Wherein the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer has an average molecular weight of 2250.
Wherein the modulus of the sodium silicate is 2.8.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the antirust agent, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Weighing maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, sodium silicate and surfactant according to a proportion, then adding into water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution a;
(2) And weighing potassium fluorozirconate, phytic acid ester, lauric acid diethanol amine and sodium citrate according to the proportion, then adding the mixture into the mixed solution a, and uniformly stirring to obtain the antirust agent.
Example 2
An antirust agent for water sand blasting rust removal of railway vehicles is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5% of potassium fluorozirconate, 4.5% of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, 4.5% of sodium silicate, 2.5% of inositol hexaphosphate, 2% of lauric acid diethanol amine, 1.2% of sodium citrate, 0.9% of OP-10 and the balance of water.
Wherein the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer has an average molecular weight of 2250.
Wherein the modulus of the sodium silicate is 2.8.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the antirust agent, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Weighing maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, sodium silicate and surfactant according to a proportion, then adding into water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution a;
(2) And weighing potassium fluorozirconate, phytate, lauric acid diethanol amine and sodium citrate according to the proportion, then adding the mixture into the mixed solution a, and uniformly stirring to obtain the antirust agent.
Example 3
An antirust agent for water sand blasting rust removal of railway vehicles is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 6% of potassium fluorozirconate, 4% of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, 5% of sodium silicate, 3% of phytic acid ester, 2.2% of lauric acid diethanol amine, 1.3% of sodium citrate, 2% of OP-10% and the balance of water.
Wherein the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer has an average molecular weight of 2250.
Wherein the modulus of the sodium silicate is 2.8.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the antirust agent, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Weighing maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, sodium silicate and surfactant according to a proportion, then adding the mixture into water, and uniformly stirring to obtain mixed solution a;
(2) And weighing potassium fluorozirconate, phytic acid ester, lauric acid diethanol amine and sodium citrate according to the proportion, then adding the mixture into the mixed solution a, and uniformly stirring to obtain the antirust agent.
Comparative example 1
An antirust agent for water sand blasting rust removal of railway vehicles is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 4.5% of potassium fluozirconate, 4% of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, 2% of phytic acid ester, 2% of lauric acid diethanol amine, 1.1% of sodium citrate, 0.8% of OP-10 and the balance of water.
Wherein the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer has an average molecular weight of 2250.
Wherein the modulus of the sodium silicate is 2.8.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the antirust agent, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Weighing maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer and surfactant according to a proportion, then adding the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer and the surfactant into water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution a;
(2) And weighing potassium fluorozirconate, phytic acid ester, lauric acid diethanol amine and sodium citrate according to the proportion, then adding the mixture into the mixed solution a, and uniformly stirring to obtain the antirust agent.
Comparative example 2
An antirust agent for water sand blasting rust removal of railway vehicles is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 4.5% of potassium fluozirconate, 5% of sodium silicate, 2% of inositol hexaphosphate, 2% of lauric acid diethanol amine, 1.1% of sodium citrate, 0.8% of OP-10 and the balance of water.
Wherein the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer has an average molecular weight of 2250.
Wherein the modulus of the sodium silicate is 2.8.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the antirust agent, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Weighing sodium silicate and surfactant according to a proportion, then adding the sodium silicate and the surfactant into water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution a;
(2) And weighing potassium fluorozirconate, phytic acid ester, lauric acid diethanol amine and sodium citrate according to the proportion, then adding the mixture into the mixed solution a, and uniformly stirring to obtain the antirust agent.
Comparative example 3
An antirust agent for water sand blasting rust removal of railway vehicles is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 4.5 percent of potassium fluozirconate, 4 percent of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, 5 percent of sodium silicate, 2 percent of phytic acid ester, 1.1 percent of sodium citrate, 0.8 percent of OP-10 and the balance of water.
Wherein the maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer has an average molecular weight of 2250.
Wherein the modulus of the sodium silicate is 2.8.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the antirust agent, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Weighing maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, sodium silicate and surfactant according to a proportion, then adding the mixture into water, and uniformly stirring to obtain mixed solution a;
(2) And weighing potassium fluorozirconate, phytate and sodium citrate according to the proportion, then adding the mixture into the mixed solution a, and uniformly stirring to obtain the antirust agent.
The rust inhibitors prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to a performance test. The method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Outdoor weather resistance test
Cleaning a commercially available Q235 steel plate, uniformly spraying the antirust agent prepared by the method on six Q235 steel plates with different specifications (50 multiplied by 30 multiplied by 2mm, the same below), wherein the other Q235 steel plate is not treated as a contrast, placing the steel plates in an outdoor rainy and humid severe environment, and observing whether the surface of the steel plate rusts after placing for 2 months; after standing for 6 months, the observation was performed again. The test results are shown in Table 1.
(2) Neutral salt spray test
Referring to the handbook of surface treatment (edited by Hu Chuan, published in 2004), a commercially available Q235 steel plate is cleaned, then the rust inhibitor prepared by the method is uniformly sprayed on six Q235 steel plates, and the other Q235 steel plate is not treated. Then 3% salt solution was sprayed in a fine mist to uniformly land on the surface of the steel plate while maintaining the liquid film refreshed, and the time of rust appearance was recorded. The test results are shown in Table 1.
(3) Salt water immersion test
Cleaning a commercially available Q235 steel plate, and then uniformly spraying the rust inhibitor prepared by the method on six Q235 steel plates respectively, wherein the other Q235 steel plate is not subjected to any treatment. The steel plates were then placed in 3% saline, respectively, observed for rusting at room temperature, and the time to start rusting was recorded. The test results are shown in Table 1.
(4) Spray test
Adding the antirust agent into tap water according to the proportion of 1:9, and uniformly mixing; and (3) vertically fixing 6 steel plates (with completely the same specification, test conditions and the like) which are subjected to 2-month outdoor tests at the same time, then performing water sand blasting rust removal treatment respectively, spraying the rust inhibitor prepared by the method after the treatment is completed, and observing the film forming condition of the steel plates after about 1 hour.
TABLE 1 summary of material testing results
Figure BDA0003366310210000091
Figure BDA0003366310210000101
Note: rust-free means that no obvious rust is observed by naked eyes; small amounts of rust are continuous or discontinuous rust stains where small patches are visually observable; rust is obviously a large, continuous stain that can be observed; the rust is severe, which means that substantially all rust occurs.
As can be seen from Table 1, the antirust agent prepared by the method has good outdoor weather resistance, neutral salt mist resistance and salt water soaking resistance, and the spraying service performance is good.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (4)

1. The application of the rust inhibitor in the water sand blasting rust removal of the railway vehicles is characterized in that the rust inhibitor is added into circulating water for the water sand blasting rust removal of the railway vehicles for use or directly sprayed after the water sand blasting rust removal is finished;
wherein the mass ratio of the rust remover to the circulating water is 1:8 to 15;
the antirust agent is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 4.5% of potassium fluozirconate, 4% of maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, 5% of sodium silicate, 2% of inositol hexaphosphate, 2% of lauric acid diethanol amine, 1.1% of sodium citrate, 0.8% of surfactant and the balance of water;
wherein, the preparation of the antirust agent comprises the following steps: (1) Weighing maleic acid-acrylic acid copolymer, sodium silicate and surfactant according to a proportion, then adding the mixture into water, and uniformly stirring to obtain mixed solution a; (2) And weighing potassium fluorozirconate, phytate, lauric acid diethanol amine and sodium citrate according to the proportion, then adding the mixture into the mixed solution a, and uniformly stirring to obtain the antirust agent.
2. The use of a rust inhibitor in the water-blasting rust removal of railway vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the average molecular weight of the maleic-acrylic acid copolymer is 2250.
3. The use of a rust inhibitor in the water-blasting rust removal of railway vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the modulus of the sodium silicate is 2.8.
4. The use of a rust inhibitor in the water-blasting rust removal of railway vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is OP-10.
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