CN114231795A - Preparation method of high-temperature-resistant alloy for rotary kiln and rotary kiln body - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-temperature-resistant alloy for rotary kiln and rotary kiln body Download PDFInfo
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- CN114231795A CN114231795A CN202111587580.5A CN202111587580A CN114231795A CN 114231795 A CN114231795 A CN 114231795A CN 202111587580 A CN202111587580 A CN 202111587580A CN 114231795 A CN114231795 A CN 114231795A
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009750 centrifugal casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/055—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D13/00—Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/023—Alloys based on nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/053—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 30% but less than 40%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
- F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
- F27B7/22—Rotary drums; Supports therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature-resistant alloy for a rotary kiln, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 22 to 38 percent of Cr, 25 to 60 percent of Ni, 0.5 to 2 percent of Nb, 2 to 15 percent of W, less than or equal to 2.5 percent of Si, 3 to 16 percent of Co, 0.03 to 1.6 percent of C, less than or equal to 2 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of P, 1 to 8 percent of Mo, 10 to 15 percent of Fe, 0 to 0.1 percent of Ti, 0 to 0.5 percent of Zr, less than or equal to 1 percent of Al and 0 to 0.1 percent of RE. Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a rotary kiln body which is made of the high-temperature-resistant alloy; the invention also discloses a preparation method of the rotary kiln body. By implementing the method, the tensile strength at room temperature is more than or equal to 440MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 235MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 48 percent; the high-temperature resistant alloy has the lasting fracture time of more than or equal to 100h and the elongation of more than or equal to 40% under the conditions that the temperature is 1250 ℃ and the stress is 100 MPa.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rotary kilns, in particular to a preparation method of a high-temperature-resistant alloy for a rotary kiln and a rotary kiln body.
Background
The large-scale rotary kiln body is a core part of a high-temperature rotary kiln, and is large in specification, the inner diameter of the large-scale rotary kiln body reaches 300-1600 mm, the wall thickness of the large-scale rotary kiln body is 10-30 mm, and the length of the large-scale rotary kiln body is 3000-30000 mm. And the demand of each performance is higher in the use occasion, for example, the material is used in the high temperature (more than or equal to 900 ℃) occasion for a long time, and some specific materials can release corrosive gas in the firing process, thereby providing higher requirements for the corrosion resistance of the kiln body. In addition, the existing rotary kiln body is almost formed by welding common stainless steel rolled plates on the market, and has transverse and longitudinal welding seams. After long-time use at high temperature, the deformation is generated in the length direction and the circumferential direction, and the welding seam is cracked.
On the other hand, for the anode and cathode materials of the lithium battery, corrosive gas is easily generated in the sintering process, and a kiln body is easily corroded. Furthermore, the calcination temperature is as high as 1200 ℃, and the common stainless steel materials are difficult to meet the requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-temperature-resistant alloy for a rotary kiln, which can be used for a long time at 1200 ℃.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a rotary kiln body.
The invention also aims to solve the technical problem of providing a preparation method of a rotary kiln body.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a high-temperature resistant alloy for a rotary kiln, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 22 to 38 percent of Cr, 25 to 60 percent of Ni, 0.5 to 2 percent of Nb, 2 to 15 percent of W, less than or equal to 2.5 percent of Si, 3 to 16 percent of Co, 0.03 to 1.6 percent of C, less than or equal to 2 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of P, 1 to 8 percent of Mo, 10 to 15 percent of Fe, 0 to 0.1 percent of Ti, 0 to 0.5 percent of Zr, less than or equal to 1 percent of Al and 0 to 0.1 percent of RE.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the paint comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 25 to 35 percent of Cr, 30 to 45 percent of Ni, 0.5 to 2 percent of Nb, 2 to 6 percent of W, 1 to 2.5 percent of Si, 5 to 11 percent of Co, 0.3 to 1.2 percent of C, 0.5 to 2 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of P, 1 to 4 percent of Mo, 0.01 to 0.08 percent of Ti, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Zr, 0.1 to 0.6 percent of Al and 0.01 to 0.1 percent of RE.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, RE is one or more of La, Ce, Y, Nd, Gd and Sc.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, RE is Ce and/or Y.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the tensile strength of the high-temperature-resistant alloy at room temperature is more than or equal to 440MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 235MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 48 percent; the high-temperature resistant alloy has the lasting fracture time of more than or equal to 100h and the elongation of more than or equal to 40% under the conditions that the temperature is 1250 ℃ and the stress is 100 MPa.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a kiln body for the rotary kiln, which is made of the high-temperature-resistant alloy.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a preparation method of the rotary kiln body, which comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing raw materials according to the component proportion, and smelting at 1550-1620 ℃ to obtain alloy liquid;
(2) and centrifugally pouring the alloy liquid, and cooling to obtain a finished product of the rotary kiln body.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the step (1) comprises the following steps:
(1.1) melting carbon powder and an iron-containing raw material to obtain a first alloy liquid;
(1.2) adding a nickel-containing raw material, a manganese-containing raw material, a tungsten-containing raw material, a cobalt-containing raw material, a molybdenum-containing raw material, a niobium-containing raw material and a chromium-containing raw material into the first alloy liquid, and smelting to obtain a second alloy liquid;
(1.3) adding a silicon-containing raw material and an aluminum-containing raw material into the second alloy liquid, and deoxidizing to obtain a third alloy liquid;
and (1.4) adding a rare earth-containing raw material and an aluminum-containing raw material into the third alloy liquid, and fully smelting to obtain an alloy liquid finished product.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the step (2) comprises the following steps:
(2.1) providing a mould, and preheating the mould to 180-280 ℃;
(2.2) forming a first high-temperature-resistant protective coating on the inner wall of the mold obtained in the step (2.1);
(2.3) forming a second high temperature-resistant protective coating layer on the first high temperature-resistant protective coating layer;
(2.4) pouring the alloy liquid into the mold obtained in the step (2.3) to obtain a rotary kiln body rough blank;
(2.5) cooling the rough blank of the rotary kiln body to obtain a finished product of the rotary kiln body;
the first high-temperature-resistant protective coating comprises the following components in parts by weight:
70-80 parts of silicon micropowder, 12-18 parts of zircon powder and 2-10 parts of bentonite;
the second high-temperature-resistant protective coating comprises the following components in parts by weight:
5-10 parts of silicon micropowder, 80-90 parts of zircon powder and 4-10 parts of bentonite.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, in the step (2.4), the casting temperature is 1520-1550 ℃;
and (3) in the step (2.4) and the step (2.5), the atmosphere of inert gas is adopted for protection.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the tensile strength of the high-temperature resistant alloy at room temperature is more than or equal to 440MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 235MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 48 percent; the high-temperature resistant alloy has the lasting fracture time of more than or equal to 100h and the elongation of more than or equal to 40% under the conditions that the temperature is 1250 ℃ and the stress is 100 MPa. The service life of the rotary kiln can reach more than 8 years under the conditions that the service temperature of the rotary kiln reaches 1200 ℃ and a large amount of corrosive gas exists.
2. The high-temperature-resistant alloy does not react with the traditional lithium battery raw materials, a kiln body does not deform during high-temperature roasting, an oxide layer is not formed on the surface of the kiln body, the kiln body is not corroded, and no magnetic substance is separated out; is very suitable for roasting anode and cathode materials in the field of lithium batteries.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below.
The invention discloses a high-temperature-resistant alloy for a rotary kiln, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 22 to 38 percent of Cr, 25 to 60 percent of Ni, 0.5 to 2 percent of Nb, 2 to 15 percent of W, less than or equal to 2.5 percent of Si, 3 to 16 percent of Co, 0.03 to 1.6 percent of C, less than or equal to 2 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of P, 1 to 8 percent of Mo, 10 to 15 percent of Fe, 0 to 0.1 percent of Ti, 0 to 0.5 percent of Zr, less than or equal to 1 percent of Al and 0 to 0.1 percent of RE.
Wherein, Cr can remarkably improve the strength, hardness, oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of the alloy. The content of Cr is 22 wt% to 38 wt%, and exemplary is 23 wt%, 24 wt%, 26 wt%, 28 wt%, 30 wt%, 32 wt%, 35 wt%, or 37 wt%, but is not limited thereto. Preferably, the content of Cr is 25 wt% to 35 wt%.
Wherein, Ni can improve the toughness of the alloy and the corrosion resistance of the alloy to acid and alkali, and improve the oxidation resistance and the heat resistance of the alloy at high temperature. The Ni content is 25 wt% to 60 wt%, illustratively 28 wt%, 35 wt%, 38 wt%, 42 wt%, 46 wt%, 49 wt%, 55 wt%, or 59 wt%, but is not limited thereto. Preferably, the Ni content is 30 wt% to 45 wt%.
Wherein, Nb can improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy to hydrogen, nitrogen and ammonia at high temperature and improve the welding performance; but it reduces the toughness and plasticity of the alloy material. For this reason, the content of Nb is controlled to be 0.5 wt% to 2 wt%, and exemplary ones are 0.7 wt%, 0.9 wt%, 1.1 wt%, 1.3 wt%, 1.5 wt%, 1.7 wt%, or 1.9 wt%, but not limited thereto. Preferably, the content of Nb is 0.5 wt% to 2 wt%.
Wherein, W can promote the hardness and the wear resistance of the alloy, and can obviously promote the high-temperature strength of the alloy. Specifically, the content of W is 2 wt% to 15 wt%, and exemplary is 2.5 wt%, 3.5 wt%, 5 wt%, 6.5 wt%, 9 wt%, 11 wt%, 12.5 wt%, or 14 wt%, but not limited thereto. Preferably, the content of W is 2 wt% to 6 wt%.
Wherein, Si can improve the strength, and can be combined with Mo, W, Cr and the like in the high-temperature smelting process to improve the corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance of the alloy. The content of Si is 2.5 wt% or less, preferably 1 wt% to 2.5 wt%, and exemplary is 1.2 wt%, 1.4 wt%, 1.5 wt%, 1.8 wt%, 2 wt%, 2.2 wt%, 2.3 wt%, or 2.5 wt%, but not limited thereto.
Wherein, Co can effectively improve the high-temperature strength, high-temperature hardness and high-temperature oxidation resistance of the alloy. Specifically, the content of Co is 3 wt% to 16 wt%, and exemplary is 4 wt%, 6 wt%, 8 wt%, 10 wt%, 12 wt%, 14 wt%, or 15 wt%, but is not limited thereto. Preferably, the content of Co is 5 wt% to 11 wt%.
Wherein C is advantageous for improving strength, but also reduces plasticity and impact properties of the alloy, and is controlled to be 0.03 wt% to 1.6 wt%, illustratively 0.05 wt%, 0.1 wt%, 0.15 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.4 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 0.7 wt%, 1.1 wt%, 1.3 wt%, or 1.5 wt%, but not limited thereto. Preferably from 0.3% to 1.2% by weight.
Wherein, Mn is helpful for removing residual sulfur from the alloy and can improve the hot working performance of the alloy. Specifically, the Mn content is 2 wt% or less, preferably 0.5 wt% to 2 wt%, and illustratively 0.6 wt%, 0.8 wt%, 1.2 wt%, 1.5 wt%, or 1.8 wt%, but is not limited thereto.
Among them, S and P are harmful impurities, which reduce plasticity and weldability. S and P are generally introduced from impurities in the raw material, and the contents of S and P are generally controlled to be less than 0.03 wt%, and preferably, to be less than 0.02 wt%.
Wherein, Mo can refine alloy crystal grains and improve high-temperature strength and high-temperature deformation resistance. Specifically, the content of Mo is 1 wt% to 8 wt%, and is exemplified by 1.5 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt%, 5 wt%, 6.5 wt%, 7 wt% or 7.5 wt%, but not limited thereto. Preferably, the content of Mo is 1 wt% to 4 wt%.
Wherein, Ti and Zr can both refine crystal grains in the alloy, improve the strength and toughness and improve the welding performance. Specifically, the content of Ti is 0 to 0.1 wt%, illustratively 0.01 wt%, 0.03 wt%, 0.05 wt%, 0.07 wt%, or 0.08 wt%, but not limited thereto. Zr is used in an amount of 0 to 0.5 wt%, illustratively 0.05 wt%, 0.1 wt%, 0.15 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.25 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.35 wt%, or 0.4 wt%, but is not limited thereto. Preferably, the Ti content is 0.01 wt% to 0.08 wt%, and the Zr content is 0.1 wt% to 0.3 wt%.
Wherein, Al can play the roles of deoxidizing, refining crystal grains and improving impact toughness. The Al is combined with Cr and Si, so that the high-temperature oxidation resistance and high-temperature corrosion resistance of the alloy can be obviously improved. Specifically, the Al content is 1 wt% or less, preferably 0.1 wt% to 0.6 wt%, and illustratively 0.15 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.45 wt%, 0.5 wt%, or 0.55 wt%, but is not limited thereto.
Wherein RE is a rare earth element, which can improve the toughness, cold workability and weldability of the alloy. Specifically, RE can be one or more of La, Ce, Y, Nd, Gd and Sc. Preferably, Ce and/or Y are/is selected as RE. The content of RE is 0 to 0.1 wt%, and exemplary is 0.01 wt%, 0.03 wt%, 0.05 wt%, 0.07 wt%, or 0.08 wt%, but not limited thereto. Preferably, the RE content is 0.01 wt% to 0.1 wt%.
The tensile strength at room temperature of the high-temperature-resistant alloy based on the formula is more than or equal to 440MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 235MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 48 percent; the high-temperature resistant alloy has the lasting fracture time of more than or equal to 100h and the elongation of more than or equal to 40% under the conditions that the temperature is 1250 ℃ and the stress is 100MPa, and the service life of more than or equal to 8 years under the conditions that the service temperature of a rotary kiln reaches 1200 ℃ and a large amount of corrosive gas exists.
Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a rotary kiln body which is made of the high-temperature-resistant alloy. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
s1: weighing raw materials according to the component proportion, and smelting at 1550-1620 ℃ to obtain alloy liquid;
specifically, S1 includes:
s11: melting carbon powder and an iron-containing raw material to obtain a first alloy liquid;
specifically, the iron-containing raw material may be an iron ingot, but is not limited thereto.
S12: adding a nickel-containing raw material, a manganese-containing raw material, a tungsten-containing raw material, a cobalt-containing raw material, a molybdenum-containing raw material, a niobium-containing raw material and a chromium-containing raw material, and smelting to obtain a second alloy liquid;
specifically, each raw material may be a pure metal or an alloy of several elements.
S13: adding a silicon-containing raw material and an aluminum-containing raw material into the second alloy liquid, and deoxidizing to obtain a third alloy liquid;
specifically, after the smelting temperature reaches 1550-1620 ℃, a silicon-containing raw material (silicon ingot or silicon-containing alloy) is added, and then an aluminum-containing raw material (pure aluminum wire or aluminum-containing alloy) is added for deoxidation. Specifically, in the step S13, the amount of the aluminum-containing raw material added is 20-40 wt% of the total aluminum amount.
S14: and adding a rare earth-containing raw material and an aluminum-containing raw material into the third alloy liquid, and fully smelting to obtain an alloy liquid finished product.
In addition, when the components contain Ti and Zr, the components are added in the step.
S2: and centrifugally pouring the alloy liquid, and cooling to obtain a finished product of the rotary kiln body.
Specifically, S2 includes:
s21: providing a mould, and preheating the mould to 180-280 ℃;
the size of the inner cavity of the mold is equal to (the outer diameter of the rotary kiln body is plus 10-20 mm) multiplied by shrinkage rate, and a plurality of air outlets are formed in the end part of the mold, so that air can be exhausted conveniently.
S22: forming a first high-temperature-resistant protective coating on the inner wall of the mold obtained in step S21;
the first high-temperature-resistant protective coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of silicon micropowder, 12-18 parts of zircon powder and 2-10 parts of bentonite. The thickness of the first high-temperature-resistant coating is 0.8-1.5 mm.
S23: forming a second high-temperature-resistant protective coating on the first high-temperature-resistant protective coating;
the second high-temperature-resistant protective coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of silicon micropowder, 80-90 parts of zircon powder and 4-10 parts of bentonite. The thickness of the second high-temperature resistant coating is 0.8-1.5 mm.
S24: pouring the alloy liquid into the die obtained in the step S23 to obtain a rough blank of the rotary kiln body;
specifically, the centrifugal casting process is adopted for pouring, and the vibration value of the mold is ensured to be less than or equal to 0.2mm when the mold rotates.
Further, during casting, an inert atmosphere is maintained to prevent the formation of a loose layer.
S25: cooling the rough blank of the rotary kiln body to obtain a finished product of the rotary kiln body;
wherein, upon cooling, an inert atmosphere is maintained to prevent formation of a porous layer.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
s3: and (5) machining and welding according to the requirements to obtain the rotary kiln body with the preset length.
The rotary kiln body only has circumferential welding seams, and is not easy to crack in the using process.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples:
example 1
The embodiment provides a high-temperature-resistant alloy for a rotary kiln, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
Cr 23.4％，Ni 26.5％，Nb 0.5％，W 14.7％，Si 0.5％，Co 13.4％，C 1.6％，Mn 0.6％，S 0.03％，P 0.03％，Mo 7.6％，Fe 11％，Ti 0.02％，Al 0.1％，Nd 0.02％。
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) melting carbon powder and an iron block to obtain a first alloy liquid;
(2) adding nickel, manganese, tungsten, cobalt, molybdenum, niobium and chromium into the first alloy liquid, and smelting to obtain a second alloy liquid;
(3) adding silicon and aluminum (accounting for 25 percent of the total Al) into the second alloy liquid, and deoxidizing to obtain a third alloy liquid;
(4) and adding rare earth, titanium and aluminum (accounting for 75 percent of the total Al) into the third alloy liquid, and fully smelting to obtain the alloy liquid.
(5) And pouring the alloy liquid in an argon atmosphere, and cooling to obtain an alloy material finished product.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a high-temperature-resistant alloy for a rotary kiln, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
Cr 28.5％，Ni 38.5％，Nb 1.8％，W 5.4％，Si 1.5％，Co 6.6％，C 1.3％，Mn 0.8％，S 0.02％，P 0.01％，Mo 1.5％，Fe 13.3％，Ti 0.07％，Zr 0.17％，Al 0.05％，Y 0.05％。
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) melting carbon powder and an iron block to obtain a first alloy liquid;
(2) adding nickel, manganese, tungsten, cobalt, molybdenum, niobium and chromium into the first alloy liquid, and smelting to obtain a second alloy liquid;
(3) adding silicon and aluminum (accounting for 30 percent of the total Al) into the second alloy liquid, and deoxidizing to obtain a third alloy liquid;
(4) and adding rare earth, titanium, zirconium and aluminum (accounting for 70 percent of the total Al) into the third alloy liquid, and fully smelting to obtain the alloy liquid.
(5) And pouring the alloy liquid in an argon atmosphere, and cooling to obtain an alloy material finished product.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a high-temperature-resistant alloy for a rotary kiln, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
Cr 35.3％，Ni 33.9％，Nb 0.6％，W 3.2％，Si 2.3％，Co 6％，C 0.8％，Mn 1.2％，S 0.02％，P 0.02％，Mo 3.4％，Fe 12.5％，Ti 0.03％，Zr 0.15％，Al 0.5％，Y 0.04％，Ce 0.04％。
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) melting carbon powder and an iron block to obtain a first alloy liquid;
(2) adding nickel, manganese, tungsten, cobalt, molybdenum, niobium and chromium into the first alloy liquid, and smelting to obtain a second alloy liquid;
(3) adding silicon and aluminum (accounting for 30 percent of the total Al) into the second alloy liquid, and deoxidizing to obtain a third alloy liquid;
(4) and adding rare earth, titanium, zirconium and aluminum (accounting for 70 percent of the total Al) into the third alloy liquid, and fully smelting to obtain the alloy liquid.
(5) And pouring the alloy liquid in an argon atmosphere, and cooling to obtain an alloy material finished product.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a rotary kiln body which is made of the high-temperature-resistant alloy in the embodiment 2, and specifically, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing raw materials according to a proportion;
wherein, the raw material ratio is:
Cr 28.5％，Ni 38.5％，Nb 1.8％，W 5.4％，Si 1.5％，Co 6.6％，C 1.3％，Mn 0.8％，S 0.02％，P 0.01％，Mo 1.5％，Fe 13.3％，Ti 0.07％，Zr 0.17％，Al 0.05％，Y 0.05％。
(2) melting carbon powder and an iron block to obtain a first alloy liquid;
(3) adding nickel, manganese, tungsten, cobalt, molybdenum, niobium and chromium into the first alloy liquid, and smelting to obtain a second alloy liquid;
(4) adding silicon and aluminum (accounting for 30 percent of the total Al) into the second alloy liquid, and deoxidizing to obtain a third alloy liquid;
(5) and adding rare earth, titanium, zirconium and aluminum (accounting for 70 percent of the total Al) into the third alloy liquid, and fully smelting to obtain the alloy liquid.
(6) Providing a mould, and preheating the mould to 200 ℃;
(7) forming a first high-temperature-resistant protective coating on the inner wall of the mold;
the formula of the first high-temperature-resistant coating is as follows: 78 parts of silicon micropowder, 16 parts of zircon powder and 6 parts of bentonite; the coating thickness was 1.3 mm.
(8) Forming a second high-temperature-resistant protective coating on the first high-temperature-resistant protective coating;
the formula of the first high-temperature-resistant coating is as follows: 8 parts of silicon micropowder, 85 parts of zircon powder and 7 parts of bentonite; the coating thickness was 1.7 mm.
(9) Pouring the alloy liquid into a mould in argon atmosphere to obtain a rotary kiln body rough blank;
(10) and cooling the rough blank of the rotary kiln body in the argon atmosphere to obtain the finished product of the rotary kiln body.
The results of testing the high temperature resistant alloys of examples 1-3 are shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the above table, the tensile strength of the high-temperature resistant alloy at room temperature is more than or equal to 453MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 238MPa, and the elongation is more than or equal to 48.4 percent; the durable fracture time of the high-temperature resistant alloy is more than or equal to 119h and the elongation is more than or equal to 40.2% under the conditions that the temperature is 1250 ℃ and the stress is 100 MPa. The material has good high temperature resistance and can meet the use requirement of a high-temperature rotary kiln.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is therefore to be understood that the invention is not limited by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The high-temperature-resistant alloy for the rotary kiln is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 22 to 38 percent of Cr, 25 to 60 percent of Ni, 0.5 to 2 percent of Nb, 2 to 15 percent of W, less than or equal to 2.5 percent of Si, 3 to 16 percent of Co, 0.03 to 1.6 percent of C, less than or equal to 2 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of P, 1 to 8 percent of Mo, 10 to 15 percent of Fe, 0 to 0.1 percent of Ti, 0 to 0.5 percent of Zr, less than or equal to 1 percent of Al and 0 to 0.1 percent of RE.
2. The high temperature resistant alloy for rotary kiln as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following components in weight percent: 25 to 35 percent of Cr, 30 to 45 percent of Ni, 0.5 to 2 percent of Nb, 2 to 6 percent of W, 1 to 2.5 percent of Si, 5 to 11 percent of Co, 0.3 to 1.2 percent of C, 0.5 to 2 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of P, 1 to 4 percent of Mo, 0.01 to 0.08 percent of Ti, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of Zr, 0.1 to 0.6 percent of Al and 0.01 to 0.1 percent of RE.
3. The high-temperature-resistant alloy for a rotary kiln according to claim 2, wherein RE is one or more of La, Ce, Y, Nd, Gd and Sc.
4. The high-temperature-resistant alloy for a rotary kiln as claimed in claim 3, wherein RE is Ce and/or Y.
5. The high-temperature-resistant alloy for the rotary kiln as recited in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the tensile strength of the high-temperature-resistant alloy at room temperature is not less than 440MPa, the yield strength is not less than 235MPa, and the elongation is not less than 48%; the high-temperature resistant alloy has the lasting fracture time of more than or equal to 100h and the elongation of more than or equal to 40% under the conditions that the temperature is 1250 ℃ and the stress is 100 MPa.
6. A kiln body for a rotary kiln, characterized in that it is made of the high temperature resistant alloy as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The method for preparing a rotary kiln body as claimed in claim 6, comprising:
(1) weighing raw materials according to the component proportion, and smelting at 1550-1620 ℃ to obtain alloy liquid;
(2) and centrifugally pouring the alloy liquid, and cooling to obtain a finished product of the rotary kiln body.
8. The method for manufacturing a rotary kiln body as claimed in claim 7, wherein the step (1) comprises:
(1.1) melting carbon powder and an iron-containing raw material to obtain a first alloy liquid;
(1.2) adding a nickel-containing raw material, a manganese-containing raw material, a tungsten-containing raw material, a cobalt-containing raw material, a molybdenum-containing raw material, a niobium-containing raw material and a chromium-containing raw material into the first alloy liquid, and smelting to obtain a second alloy liquid;
(1.3) adding a silicon-containing raw material and an aluminum-containing raw material into the second alloy liquid, and deoxidizing to obtain a third alloy liquid;
and (1.4) adding a rare earth-containing raw material and an aluminum-containing raw material into the third alloy liquid, and fully smelting to obtain an alloy liquid finished product.
9. The method for manufacturing a rotary kiln body as claimed in claim 7, wherein the step (2) comprises:
(2.1) providing a mould, and preheating the mould to 180-280 ℃;
(2.2) forming a first high-temperature-resistant protective coating on the inner wall of the mold obtained in the step (2.1);
(2.3) forming a second high temperature-resistant protective coating layer on the first high temperature-resistant protective coating layer;
(2.4) pouring the alloy liquid into the mold obtained in the step (2.3) to obtain a rotary kiln body rough blank;
(2.5) cooling the rough blank of the rotary kiln body to obtain a finished product of the rotary kiln body;
the first high-temperature-resistant protective coating comprises the following components in parts by weight:
70-80 parts of silicon micropowder, 12-18 parts of zircon powder and 2-10 parts of bentonite;
the second high-temperature-resistant protective coating comprises the following components in parts by weight:
5-10 parts of silicon micropowder, 80-90 parts of zircon powder and 4-10 parts of bentonite.
10. The method for preparing the rotary kiln body as claimed in claim 9, wherein in the step (2.4), the casting temperature is 1520 ℃ to 1550 ℃;
and (3) in the step (2.4) and the step (2.5), the atmosphere of inert gas is adopted for protection.
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