CN114230987A - Environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being sewn and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being sewn and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114230987A CN114230987A CN202210027369.6A CN202210027369A CN114230987A CN 114230987 A CN114230987 A CN 114230987A CN 202210027369 A CN202210027369 A CN 202210027369A CN 114230987 A CN114230987 A CN 114230987A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229920006238 degradable plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactide Chemical compound CC1OC(=O)C(C)OC1=O JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical group OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006237 degradable polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- AXKZIDYFAMKWSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-dioxacyclododecane-7,12-dione Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC(=O)OCCCCO1 AXKZIDYFAMKWSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZMKVBUOZONDYBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-dioxecane-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)OCCCCO1 ZMKVBUOZONDYBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004629 polybutylene adipate terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 18
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004631 polybutylene succinate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920002961 polybutylene succinate Polymers 0.000 description 7
- -1 polybutylene adipate terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000034530 PLAA-associated neurodevelopmental disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005570 flexible polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012745 toughening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/10—Transparent films; Clear coatings; Transparent materials
Abstract
The invention discloses an environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being sewn and a preparation method thereof. The composite material prepared by the invention has the characteristic of high transparency, can be sewn and processed, and is biodegradable. The preparation raw materials can be biodegraded, no substances harmful to the environment are generated in the production and use processes, the composite material can also be biodegraded, and the composite material has good toughness and processability, simple process and low manufacturing cost. Can be applied to cap decoration materials, collar linings, vamp linings, toy ornaments, lamp decoration materials and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cap decoration materials, in particular to an environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being sewn and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the improvement of living standard of people, the attention degree to environmental problems is higher and higher, and in order to relieve 'white pollution' and protect the environment, the development of completely biodegradable high polymer materials has become a hot point of domestic and foreign research.
Polylactic acid (PLA) is a high molecular material derived from renewable plant resources, has good biocompatibility, can be completely biodegraded into water and carbon dioxide, is nontoxic and does not pollute the environment, has a certain antibacterial function, has higher compression modulus and tensile strength, but has poorer toughness and certain transparency.
The partially biodegradable high molecular material (such as polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) and polybutylene succinate (PBS)) and Polycaprolactone (PCL) have good flexibility, are thermoplastic plastics with PLA, and can be processed by using a common plastic processing method. In view of the complementarity of the properties between the two, PLA and the degradable flexible polymer are selected to be blended, and the prepared polymer composite material not only has good toughness, but also does not lose the biodegradability. However, the transparency of the blended composite material is relatively poor, and the blended composite material cannot meet the use requirements of certain specific fields, so that the blended composite material needs to be improved.
Patent CN110358274A discloses a high-transparency PLA material, which is prepared by adding PHA, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), toughening agent, and stabilizer during PLA processing, wherein PHA and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) are used to improve the heat-resistant temperature, film-forming property, and toughness and transparency of the film of the blended material, and other chemicals are added during the material production process, which cannot be completely degraded, and the cost is high. Patent CN110079065B discloses a high-toughness PLA/PBAT blend alloy and a preparation method thereof, and although the mechanical properties of the obtained product are improved, the transparency is not improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects and provides an environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being processed by sewing and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: an environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being sewn comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-70 parts of biodegradable polylactic acid material (PLA), 23.5-85 parts of toughened polymer material, 0.5-5 parts of crystallization inhibitor and 0.1-1.5 parts of antioxidant.
Preferably, the weight average molecular weight of the biodegradable polylactic acid material is 1-40 ten thousand, and the melting point is 140-180 ℃.
Preferably, the toughening polymer material is one or a mixture of more of polybutylene adipate/terephthalate, polybutylene succinate and polycaprolactone degradable polymers, and the molecular weight is 1-20 ten thousand.
Preferably, the crystallization inhibitor is at least one of lactide-grafted cellulose, lactide-grafted starch and low molecular weight meso-polylactic acid.
Preferably, the antioxidant comprises a primary antioxidant and a secondary antioxidant, wherein the primary antioxidant is a hindered phenol antioxidant, and the secondary antioxidant is a phosphite antioxidant.
A preparation method of an environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being sewn comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing biodegradable polylactic acid material and toughening polymer with corresponding mass fractions for drying treatment;
(2) uniformly mixing the dried biodegradable polylactic acid material, the toughening polymer, the crystallization inhibitor and the antioxidant;
(3) melting the mixture by a double-screw extruder, wherein the processing temperature of the double-screw extruder is 100-;
(4) extruding the molten mixture from an extruding hole of an extruder, and processing the cooled extrudate into degradable plastic particles by a granulator;
(5) and heating and melting the mixed degradable plastic particles, then carrying out injection molding, compression molding or continuous hot-pressing molding, and then cooling to finally prepare the environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being sewn.
Preferably, the drying treatment in step (1) refers to drying the biodegradable polylactic acid material and other components in an oven at 50-70 ℃ for 2-8 hours.
Preferably, the heating melting in the step (5) can be performed by a hot press and an injection molding machine, and the heating temperature is 120-.
Preferably, the cooling in step (5) means that the prepared material is rapidly transferred to water or air at-5 ℃ to 25 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the prepared composite material capable of being sewn has the high strength of PLA, the ductility and the elongation at break of tough polymers such as PBAT, PBS and the like, and the transparency of the material is improved;
(2) no non-degradable chemical components are introduced, so that the product can be completely degraded, and the paint is non-toxic and environment-friendly;
(3) the manufacturing process is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, the fabric can be better applied to the fields of hats, clothing accessories, packaging materials and the like, and the market application prospect is wide.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention discloses an environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being sewn, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-70 parts of biodegradable polylactic acid material (PLA), 23.5-85 parts of toughened polymer material, 0.5-5 parts of crystallization inhibitor and 0.1-1.5 parts of antioxidant.
The weight average molecular weight of the biodegradable polylactic acid material is 1-40 ten thousand, and the melting point is 140-180 ℃.
The toughening polymer material is one or a mixture of more of poly (butylene adipate/terephthalate), poly (butylene succinate) and polycaprolactone degradable polymers, and the molecular weight is 1-20 ten thousand.
The crystallization inhibitor is at least one of lactide grafted cellulose, lactide grafted starch and low molecular weight meso-polylactic acid.
The antioxidant comprises a primary antioxidant and a secondary antioxidant, wherein the primary antioxidant is a hindered phenol antioxidant, and the secondary antioxidant is a phosphite antioxidant.
A preparation method of an environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being sewn comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing biodegradable polylactic acid material and toughening polymer with corresponding mass fractions for drying treatment;
(2) uniformly mixing the dried biodegradable polylactic acid material, the toughening polymer, the crystallization inhibitor and the antioxidant;
(3) melting the mixture by a double-screw extruder, wherein the processing temperature of the double-screw extruder is 100-;
(4) extruding the molten mixture from an extruding hole of an extruder, and processing the cooled extrudate into degradable plastic particles by a granulator;
(5) and heating and melting the mixed degradable plastic particles, then carrying out injection molding, compression molding or continuous hot-pressing molding, and then cooling to finally prepare the environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being sewn.
The drying treatment in the step (1) means that the biodegradable polylactic acid material and other components are dried in an oven at 50-70 ℃ for 2-8 hours.
The heating and melting in the step (5) can be performed by a hot press and an injection molding machine, and the heating temperature is 120-250 ℃.
The cooling in the step (5) means that the prepared material is rapidly transferred to water or air at-5 ℃ to 25 ℃.
Example 1
(1) Weighing 40 parts of PLA with the weight average molecular weight of 6 ten thousand and the melting point of 120 ℃, 55 parts of PBAT with the weight average molecular weight of 4 ten thousand, 4.5 parts of lactide grafted cellulose, 1010 parts of hindered phenol antioxidant and 0.5 part of phosphite antioxidant, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 70 ℃ for 2 hours;
(2) uniformly mixing the dried PLA, PBAT, lactide grafted cellulose and antioxidant;
(3) melting the mixture in the step (2) by a double-screw extruder, wherein the heating zone of the double-screw extruder is divided into three zones, the temperature ranges from back to front are respectively controlled to be 160 ℃, 180 ℃ and 200 ℃, and the screw rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 500 rpm;
(4) extruding the molten mixture from an extruding hole of an extruder, and processing the cooled extrudate into degradable plastic particles by a granulator;
(5) and adding the mixed degradable plastic particles into an injection molding machine for heating and melting, setting the temperature to be 190 ℃, injecting the melt into a mold for injection molding, and then quickly transferring the obtained composite material into cold water at 5 ℃ for cooling to prepare the environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being processed by sewing.
Example 2
(1) Weighing 10 parts of PLA with the weight-average molecular weight of 1 ten thousand and the melting point of 120 ℃, 85 parts of PBAT with the weight-average molecular weight of 12 ten thousand, 4.9 parts of lactide grafted cellulose, 1010 parts of hindered phenol antioxidant and 0.1 part of phosphite antioxidant, and drying in a 50 ℃ forced air drying oven for 8 hours;
(2) uniformly mixing the dried PLA, PBAT, lactide grafted cellulose and antioxidant;
(3) melting the mixture in the step (2) by a double-screw extruder, wherein the heating area of the double-screw extruder is divided into three areas, the temperature ranges from back to front are respectively controlled to be 100 ℃, 150 ℃ and 200 ℃, and the screw rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 600 rpm;
(4) extruding the molten mixture from an extruding hole of an extruder, and processing the cooled extrudate into degradable plastic particles by a granulator;
(5) and adding the mixed degradable plastic particles into an injection molding machine for heating and melting, setting the temperature to be 190 ℃, injecting the melt into a mold for injection molding, and then quickly transferring the obtained composite material into cold water with the temperature of-5 ℃ for cooling to prepare the environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being processed by sewing.
Example 3
(1) Weighing 70 parts of PLA with the weight-average molecular weight of 1 ten thousand and the melting point of 180 ℃, 23.5 parts of PBAT with the weight-average molecular weight of 12 ten thousand, 5 parts of lactide grafted starch, 1.5 parts of hindered phenol antioxidant 1010 and phosphite antioxidant, and drying in a 60 ℃ forced air drying oven for 4 hours;
(2) uniformly mixing the dried PLA, PBAT, lactide grafted starch and antioxidant;
(3) melting the mixture in the step (2) by a double-screw extruder, wherein the heating area of the double-screw extruder is divided into three areas, the temperature ranges from back to front are respectively controlled to be 150 ℃, 200 ℃ and 250 ℃, and the screw rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 300 rpm;
(4) extruding the molten mixture from an extruding hole of an extruder, and processing the cooled extrudate into degradable plastic particles by a granulator;
(5) and adding the mixed degradable plastic particles into an injection molding machine for heating and melting, setting the temperature to be 250 ℃, injecting the melt into a mold for injection molding, and then quickly transferring the obtained composite material into cold water at 25 ℃ for cooling to obtain the environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being processed by sewing.
Example 4
(1) Weighing 40 parts of PLA with the weight-average molecular weight of 6 ten thousand and the melting point of 120 ℃, 55 parts of PBS with the weight-average molecular weight of 4 ten thousand, 4.5 parts of lactide grafted cellulose, 1010 parts of hindered phenol antioxidant and 0.5 part of phosphite antioxidant, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 70 ℃ for 2 hours;
(2) uniformly mixing the dried PLA, PBS, lactide grafted cellulose and antioxidant;
(3) melting the mixture in the step (2) by a double-screw extruder, wherein the heating zone of the double-screw extruder is divided into three zones, the temperature ranges from back to front are respectively controlled to be 120 ℃, 160 ℃ and 220 ℃, and the screw rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 500 rpm;
(4) extruding the molten mixture from an extruding hole of an extruder, and processing the cooled extrudate into degradable plastic particles by a granulator;
(5) and adding the mixed degradable plastic particles into an injection molding machine for heating and melting, setting the temperature to be 120 ℃, injecting the melt into a mold for injection molding, and then quickly transferring the obtained composite material into cold water at 5 ℃ for cooling to prepare the environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being processed by sewing.
Example 5
(1) Weighing 40 parts of PLA with the weight-average molecular weight of 10 ten thousand and the melting point of 165 ℃, 55 parts of PBAT with the weight-average molecular weight of 4 ten thousand, 4.5 parts of lactide grafted cellulose, 1010 parts of hindered phenol antioxidant and 0.5 part of phosphite antioxidant, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 70 ℃ for 2 hours;
(2) uniformly mixing the dried PLA, PBAT, lactide grafted cellulose and antioxidant;
(3) melting the mixture in the step (2) by a double-screw extruder, wherein the heating zone of the double-screw extruder is divided into three zones, the temperature ranges from back to front are respectively controlled to be 120 ℃, 160 ℃ and 220 ℃, and the screw rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 500 rpm;
(4) extruding the molten mixture from an extruding hole of an extruder, and processing the cooled extrudate into degradable plastic particles by a granulator;
(5) and (3) hot-pressing the mixed degradable plastic particles into sheets by a hot press, setting the temperature of an upper hot pressing plate and a lower hot pressing plate to be 185 ℃, and carrying out hot pressing for 30 minutes, and then quickly transferring the materials into a 0 ℃ freezer for cooling to obtain the environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being sewn.
Example 6
(1) Weighing 50 parts of PLA with the weight-average molecular weight of 15 ten thousand and the melting point of 130 ℃, 1 part of PBAT45 with the weight-average molecular weight of 12 ten thousand, 4 parts of lactide grafted cellulose, 1010 parts of hindered phenol antioxidant and phosphite antioxidant, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 70 ℃ for 2 hours;
(2) uniformly mixing the dried PLA, PBAT, lactide grafted cellulose and antioxidant;
(3) melting the mixture in the step (2) by a double-screw extruder, wherein the heating zone of the double-screw extruder is divided into three zones, the temperature ranges from back to front are respectively controlled to be 120 ℃, 160 ℃ and 220 ℃, and the screw rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 500 rpm;
(4) extruding the molten mixture from an extruding hole of an extruder, and processing the cooled extrudate into degradable plastic particles by a granulator;
(5) and (3) hot-pressing the mixed degradable plastic particles into sheets by a hot press, setting the temperature of an upper hot pressing plate and a lower hot pressing plate to be 170 ℃, carrying out hot pressing for 25 minutes, and then quickly transferring the materials into a freezer at the temperature of-5 ℃ for cooling to obtain the environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being processed by sewing.
Example 7
(1) Weighing 30 parts of PLA with the weight-average molecular weight of 15 ten thousand and the melting point of 130 ℃, 1 part of PCL65 with the weight-average molecular weight of 12 ten thousand, 4 parts of lactide grafted cellulose, 1010 parts of hindered phenol antioxidant and phosphite antioxidant, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 70 ℃ for 2 hours;
(2) uniformly mixing the PLA, the PCL, the lactide grafted cellulose and the antioxidant which are subjected to drying treatment;
(3) melting the mixture in the step (2) by a double-screw extruder, wherein the heating zone of the double-screw extruder is divided into three zones, the temperature ranges from back to front are respectively controlled to be 100 ℃, 160 ℃ and 220 ℃, and the screw rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 400 rpm;
(4) extruding the molten mixture from an extruding hole of an extruder, and processing the cooled extrudate into degradable plastic particles by a granulator;
(5) and (3) hot-pressing the mixed degradable plastic particles into sheets by a hot press, setting the temperature of an upper hot pressing plate and a lower hot pressing plate to be 170 ℃, and carrying out hot pressing for 40 minutes, and then quickly transferring the materials into a freezer at the temperature of-5 ℃ for cooling to obtain the environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being processed by sewing.
Comparative example 1
(1) Weighing 1 part of PLA99 with the weight-average molecular weight of 8 ten thousand and the melting point of 170 ℃ and phosphite antioxidant, and putting the PLA99 and the phosphite antioxidant in a vacuum drying oven at 70 ℃ for 2 hours for drying treatment;
(2) uniformly mixing the dried PLA and the antioxidant;
(3) melting the mixture in the step (2) by a double-screw extruder, wherein the heating zone of the double-screw extruder is divided into three zones, the temperature ranges from back to front are respectively controlled to be 160 ℃, 180 ℃ and 220 ℃, and the screw rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 300 rpm;
(4) extruding the molten mixture from an extruding hole of an extruder, and processing the cooled extrudate into degradable plastic particles by a granulator;
(5) and adding the mixed degradable plastic particles into an injection molding machine for heating and melting, setting the temperature to be 190 ℃, injecting the melt into a mold for injection molding, and then transferring the obtained composite material into water at 30 ℃ for cooling to obtain the composite material.
Comparative example 2
(1) Weighing 1 part of PBAT 99 parts with the weight-average molecular weight of 8 ten thousand and phosphite antioxidant, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 70 ℃ for 2 hours;
(2) uniformly mixing the dried PBAT and the antioxidant;
(3) melting the mixture in the step (2) by a double-screw extruder, wherein the heating zone of the double-screw extruder is divided into three zones, the temperature ranges from back to front are respectively controlled to be 160 ℃, 180 ℃ and 200 ℃, and the screw rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 300 rpm;
(4) extruding the molten mixture from an extruding hole of an extruder, and processing the cooled extrudate into degradable plastic particles by a granulator;
(5) and adding the mixed degradable plastic particles into an injection molding machine for heating and melting, setting the temperature to be 190 ℃, injecting the melt into a mold for injection molding, and then transferring the obtained composite material into air for cooling to obtain the composite material.
Comparative example 3
(1) Weighing 40 parts of PLA with the weight average molecular weight of 6 ten thousand and the melting point of 120 ℃, 1 part of PBAT 59 with the weight average molecular weight of 4 ten thousand, 1010 parts of hindered phenol antioxidant and phosphite antioxidant, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 70 ℃ for 2 hours;
(2) uniformly mixing the dried PLA, PBAT and the antioxidant;
(3) melting the mixture in the step (2) by a double-screw extruder, wherein the heating zone of the double-screw extruder is divided into three zones, the temperature ranges from back to front are respectively controlled to be 160 ℃, 180 ℃ and 200 ℃, and the screw rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 300 rpm;
(4) extruding the molten mixture from an extruding hole of an extruder, and processing the cooled extrudate into degradable plastic particles by a granulator;
(5) and adding the mixed degradable plastic particles into an injection molding machine for heating and melting, setting the temperature to be 190 ℃, injecting the melt into a mold for injection molding, and then transferring the obtained composite material into the air for natural cooling to prepare the environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being processed by sewing.
The results of testing the tensile strength, density, degradability, transparency, and sewing properties of the composite sheets prepared in examples 1 to 7 and comparative examples of the present invention are shown in the following table.
TABLE 1 results of performance test of composite materials prepared in examples of the present invention and comparative examples
In conclusion, the composite material capable of being sewn and processed, which is prepared by the method (1), has the high strength of PLA, the ductility and the elongation at break of tough polymers such as PBAT, PBS and the like, and the transparency of the material is improved;
(2) no non-degradable chemical components are introduced, so that the product can be completely degraded, and the paint is non-toxic and environment-friendly;
(3) the manufacturing process is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, the fabric can be better applied to the fields of hats, clothing accessories, packaging materials and the like, and the market application prospect is wide.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a but high transparent sewing processing combined material of environmental protection which characterized in that: the composition is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-70 parts of biodegradable polylactic acid material, 23.5-85 parts of toughened polymer material, 0.5-5 parts of crystallization inhibitor and 0.1-1.5 parts of antioxidant.
2. The environmentally friendly, highly transparent, sewable composite material of claim 1, wherein: the weight average molecular weight of the biodegradable polylactic acid material is 1-40 ten thousand, and the melting point is 140-180 ℃.
3. The environmentally friendly, highly transparent, sewable composite material of claim 1, wherein: the toughening polymer material is one or a mixture of more of poly (butylene adipate/terephthalate), poly (butylene succinate) and polycaprolactone degradable polymers, and the molecular weight is 1-20 ten thousand.
4. The environmentally friendly, highly transparent, sewable composite material of claim 1, wherein: the crystallization inhibitor is at least one of lactide grafted cellulose, lactide grafted starch and low molecular weight meso-polylactic acid.
5. The environmentally friendly, highly transparent, sewable composite material of claim 1, wherein: the antioxidant comprises a primary antioxidant and a secondary antioxidant, wherein the primary antioxidant is a hindered phenol antioxidant, and the secondary antioxidant is a phosphite antioxidant.
6. The method for preparing the environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being processed by sewing according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing biodegradable polylactic acid material and toughening polymer with corresponding mass fractions for drying treatment;
(2) uniformly mixing the dried biodegradable polylactic acid material, the toughening polymer, the crystallization inhibitor and the antioxidant;
(3) melting the mixture by a double-screw extruder, wherein the processing temperature of the double-screw extruder is 100-;
(4) extruding the molten mixture from an extruding hole of an extruder, and processing the cooled extrudate into degradable plastic particles by a granulator;
(5) and heating and melting the mixed degradable plastic particles, then carrying out injection molding, compression molding or continuous hot-pressing molding, and then cooling to finally prepare the environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being sewn.
7. The method for preparing the environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being sewn according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the drying treatment in the step (1) means that the biodegradable polylactic acid material and other components are dried in an oven at 50-70 ℃ for 2-8 hours.
8. The method for preparing the environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being sewn according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the heating and melting in the step (5) can be performed by a hot press and an injection molding machine, and the heating temperature is 120-250 ℃.
9. The method for preparing the environment-friendly high-transparency composite material capable of being sewn according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the cooling in the step (5) means that the prepared material is rapidly transferred to water or air at-5 ℃ to 25 ℃.
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