CN114230848A - Nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114230848A CN114230848A CN202111597908.1A CN202111597908A CN114230848A CN 114230848 A CN114230848 A CN 114230848A CN 202111597908 A CN202111597908 A CN 202111597908A CN 114230848 A CN114230848 A CN 114230848A
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- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 255
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 30
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 20
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCS UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010382 chemical cross-linking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006750 UV protection Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 2
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003471 inorganic composite material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- LEVJVKGPFAQPOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethanone Chemical compound O=[C]C1=CC=CC=C1 LEVJVKGPFAQPOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010900 secondary nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanyl Chemical compound [SH] PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- DJWUNCQRNNEAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc acetate Chemical group [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O DJWUNCQRNNEAKC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;oxygen(2-) Chemical group [O-2].[Zn+2] RNWHGQJWIACOKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/22—After-treatment of expandable particles; Forming foamed products
- C08J9/228—Forming foamed products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F292/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to inorganic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/40—Redox systems
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/16—Making expandable particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2361/00—Characterised by the use of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2361/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08J2361/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2451/00—Characterised by the use of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2451/10—Characterised by the use of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers grafted on to inorganic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2483/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2483/04—Polysiloxanes
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of polymer materials and discloses a nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board material, wherein zinc oxide has wide forbidden bandwidth and high exciton confinement energy, the ultraviolet-shielding wave band is long, visible light can be transmitted, the synthesized spiky spherical nano zinc oxide has large specific surface area, can better provide photochemical active sites for grafting to polystyrene, in the styrene polymerization process, the nano zinc oxide is uniformly dispersed on the surface of the polystyrene, thereby effectively avoiding the agglomeration of the nano zinc oxide, effectively improving the uvioresistant performance of the polystyrene, simultaneously, as the nano zinc oxide has very high surface activity due to small grain diameter, has strong adsorption effect on molecular chains of polystyrene, so that zinc oxide plays a certain role of chemical crosslinking points in a polymer matrix, the crosslinking effect is enhanced, and the solvent resistance of the polystyrene is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polymer materials, in particular to a nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The plastic product is a product which is daily contacted in people's life, is widely applied, is a synthetic or natural high molecular polymer essentially, most plastics have a series of advantages of low manufacturing cost, strong corrosion resistance and the like, but the heat resistance, tensile strength, ultraviolet resistance and the like of the plastics are poor, so that how to improve the characteristics becomes a research direction of general plastic polymers, and has important research value and significance.
Polystyrene, as one of the most common plastic varieties, has a series of advantages of low price, good insulation property, easy processing and the like, but has poor solvent resistance and ultraviolet protection capability, so that the application of the polystyrene is limited to a great extent, the defects can be improved by correspondingly modifying the polystyrene, the research on the polystyrene is more and more extensive since the emergence of organic/inorganic composite materials, the performance of the polystyrene can be improved by modifying the polystyrene by inorganic materials, various nano materials such as metal oxide, carbon nano material and the like are generally adopted, nano zinc oxide is a metal oxide material which has low price, excellent solvent resistance and excellent optical performance, is different from other inorganic nano materials, the ultraviolet-resistant shielding wavelength of the polystyrene is very long, and meanwhile, the nano zinc oxide with a special appearance can be well compounded with the polystyrene, avoiding agglomeration and having good uvioresistant performance and solvent resistance.
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board material and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problems of poor ultraviolet resistance and poor solvent resistance of polystyrene.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a nano-zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board material is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:
(1) adding zinc acetate into a sodium hydroxide solution, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding diethylenetriamine, stirring to obtain a uniform mixing system, transferring the uniform mixing system into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction, cooling, washing, centrifuging and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain nano zinc oxide;
(2) adding gamma-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane and nano zinc oxide into a toluene solvent, heating under the condition of oil bath to perform modification reaction, and after the reaction is finished, performing suction filtration and washing to obtain mercapto-modified nano zinc oxide;
(3) adding sulfydryl modified nano zinc oxide and styrene into a solvent N, N-dimethylformamide, adding dibenzoyl peroxide in a nitrogen atmosphere, mixing, carrying out a polymerization reaction, after the reaction is finished, carrying out suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene;
(4) pre-foaming nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene under the steam pressure to obtain pre-foamed beads, drying the pre-foamed beads at room temperature, adding the cured nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene beads into a sodium borate flame-retardant solvent, uniformly mixing, taking out, drying, adding phenolic resin, boric acid and polysiloxane, quickly stirring, transferring the materials into a forming machine, and heating and forming by steam to obtain the nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the zinc acetate to the diethylenetriamine in the step (1) is 10: 500-550.
Preferably, the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction in the step (1) is 180-.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the gamma-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane to the nano-zinc oxide in the step (2) is 70-75: 100.
Preferably, the temperature of the modification reaction in the step (2) is 100-120 ℃, and the time of the modification reaction is 12-18 h.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the mercapto-modified nano zinc oxide to the styrene to the dibenzoyl peroxide in the step (3) is 5-15:100: 0.8-1.5.
Preferably, the temperature of the polymerization reaction in the step (3) is 50-60 ℃, and the time of the polymerization reaction is 10-15 h.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene, the phenolic resin, the boric acid and the polysiloxane in the step (4) is 100:120-150:2-15: 0.1-1.2.
(III) advantageous technical effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following chemical mechanism and beneficial technical effects:
during the synthesis process, zinc acetate forms a large amount of zinc hydroxide colloid in an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, and when diethylenetriamine is added, the zinc acetate is hydrolyzed to generate hydroxide ions, and the zinc hydroxide is subjected to a complex reaction under the assistance of the hydroxide ions to form [ Zn (OH) ]4]2-Under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure hydrothermal, zinc oxide is decomposed to form, hydroxide ions in the system become larger and larger along with the reaction, secondary nucleation is excited, so that the zinc oxide forms a spine ball shape, the zinc oxide is further modified by gamma-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane to obtain mercapto-modified nano zinc oxide, the mercapto group on the surface of the zinc oxide and dibenzoyl peroxide in the system form an oxidation-reduction initiation system, the dibenzoyl peroxide reacts to generate a mercapto radical and a benzoyl radical, the generated hydrogen protons attack alkenyl groups on styrene, so that the mercapto-initiated styrene is polymerized, the obtained polystyrene is polymerized in situ on the surface of the zinc oxide, and the nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene is obtained.
The nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board material has wide forbidden band width and high exciton binding energy by taking zinc oxide as a third-generation semiconductor material, the ultraviolet-shielding wave band is long, visible light can be transmitted, the synthesized spiky spherical nano zinc oxide has large specific surface area, can better provide photochemical active sites for grafting to polystyrene, in the styrene polymerization process, the nano zinc oxide is uniformly dispersed on the surface of the polystyrene, thereby effectively avoiding the agglomeration of the nano zinc oxide, effectively improving the uvioresistant performance of the polystyrene, simultaneously, as the nano zinc oxide has very high surface activity due to small grain diameter, has strong adsorption effect on molecular chains of polystyrene, so that zinc oxide plays a certain role of chemical crosslinking points in a polymer matrix, the crosslinking effect is enhanced, and the solvent resistance of the polystyrene is effectively improved.
Detailed Description
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following embodiments and examples: a preparation method of a nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board material comprises the following steps:
(1) adding a sodium hydroxide solution into a beaker, adding zinc acetate, uniformly stirring and mixing, adding diethylenetriamine, wherein the mass ratio of the added zinc acetate to the diethylenetriamine is 10: 500-;
(2) adding a toluene solvent into a flask, adding gamma-mercaptopropyl-trimethoxysilane and nano-zinc oxide in a mass ratio of 70-75:100, heating under the condition of oil bath to perform modification reaction, wherein the temperature of the modification reaction is 100 ℃ and 120 ℃, the time of the modification reaction is 12-18h, after the reaction is finished, performing suction filtration, washing by using ethanol and toluene, and after the washing is finished, obtaining mercapto-modified nano-zinc oxide;
(3) adding sulfydryl modified nano zinc oxide and styrene into a solvent N, N-dimethylformamide, adding dibenzoyl peroxide in a nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the mass ratio of the added sulfydryl modified nano zinc oxide to the styrene to the dibenzoyl peroxide is 5-15:100:0.8-1.5, carrying out polymerization reaction at the temperature of 50-60 ℃ for 10-15h in the stirring and mixing process, and after the reaction is finished, carrying out suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene;
(4) pre-foaming nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene under the steam pressure to obtain pre-foamed beads, airing at room temperature, adding the cured nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene beads into a sodium borate flame-retardant solvent, uniformly mixing, taking out, drying, adding phenolic resin, boric acid and polysiloxane, quickly stirring, transferring the material into a forming machine, and heating and forming by steam to obtain the nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board, wherein the mass ratio of the added nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene beads to the phenolic resin, the boric acid and the polysiloxane is 100:120 and 150:2-15: 0.1-1.2.
Example 1
(1) Adding a sodium hydroxide solution into a beaker, adding zinc acetate, uniformly stirring and mixing, adding diethylenetriamine, wherein the mass ratio of the added zinc acetate to the diethylenetriamine is 10:500, stirring to obtain a uniform mixing system, transferring the mixed solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at the temperature of 180 ℃ for 10 hours, cooling after the reaction is finished, washing with ethanol, centrifuging, and drying to obtain nano zinc oxide;
(2) adding a toluene solvent into a flask, adding gamma-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane and nano zinc oxide in a mass ratio of 70:100, heating under the condition of oil bath to perform modification reaction, wherein the temperature of the modification reaction is 100 ℃, the time of the modification reaction is 12 hours, after the reaction is finished, performing suction filtration, washing with ethanol and toluene, and obtaining mercapto-modified nano zinc oxide after the washing is finished;
(3) adding sulfydryl modified nano zinc oxide and styrene into a solvent N, N-dimethylformamide, adding dibenzoyl peroxide in a nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the mass ratio of the added sulfydryl modified nano zinc oxide to the styrene to the dibenzoyl peroxide is 5:100:0.8, carrying out polymerization reaction at the temperature of 50 ℃ for 10 hours in the stirring and mixing process, and after the reaction is finished, carrying out suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene;
(4) pre-foaming nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene under the steam pressure to obtain pre-foamed beads, airing at room temperature, adding the cured nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene beads into a sodium borate flame-retardant solvent, uniformly mixing, taking out, drying, adding phenolic resin, boric acid and polysiloxane, wherein the mass ratio of the added nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene to the phenolic resin to the added boric acid to the added polysiloxane is 100:120:2:0.1, quickly stirring, transferring the material into a forming machine, and heating and forming by steam to obtain the nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board.
Example 2
(1) Adding a sodium hydroxide solution into a beaker, adding zinc acetate, uniformly stirring and mixing, adding diethylenetriamine, wherein the mass ratio of the added zinc acetate to the diethylenetriamine is 10:510, stirring to obtain a uniform mixing system, transferring the mixed solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at 185 ℃ for 11h, cooling after the reaction is finished, washing with ethanol, centrifuging, and drying to obtain nano zinc oxide;
(2) adding a toluene solvent into a flask, adding gamma-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane and nano zinc oxide in a mass ratio of 71:100, heating under an oil bath condition to perform modification reaction, wherein the temperature of the modification reaction is 105 ℃, the time of the modification reaction is 14 hours, after the reaction is finished, performing suction filtration, washing with ethanol and toluene, and after the washing is finished, obtaining mercapto-modified nano zinc oxide;
(3) adding sulfydryl modified nano zinc oxide and styrene into a solvent N, N-dimethylformamide, adding dibenzoyl peroxide in a nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the mass ratio of the added sulfydryl modified nano zinc oxide to the styrene to the dibenzoyl peroxide is 8:100:1.0, carrying out polymerization reaction at the temperature of 55 ℃ for 11 hours during stirring and mixing, and after the reaction is finished, carrying out suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene;
(4) pre-foaming nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene under the steam pressure to obtain pre-foamed beads, airing at room temperature, adding the cured nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene beads into a sodium borate flame-retardant solvent, uniformly mixing, taking out, drying, adding phenolic resin, boric acid and polysiloxane, wherein the mass ratio of the added nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene to the phenolic resin to the boric acid to the polysiloxane is 100:130:5:0.5, quickly stirring, transferring the material into a forming machine, and heating and forming by steam to obtain the nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board.
Example 3
(1) Adding a sodium hydroxide solution into a beaker, adding zinc acetate, uniformly stirring and mixing, adding diethylenetriamine, wherein the mass ratio of the added zinc acetate to the diethylenetriamine is 10:520, stirring to obtain a uniform mixing system, transferring the mixed solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at the temperature of 190 ℃ for 12 hours, cooling after the reaction is finished, washing with ethanol, centrifuging, and drying to obtain nano zinc oxide;
(2) adding a toluene solvent into a flask, adding gamma-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane and nano zinc oxide in a mass ratio of 72:100, heating under an oil bath condition to perform modification reaction, wherein the temperature of the modification reaction is 110 ℃, the time of the modification reaction is 15 hours, after the reaction is finished, performing suction filtration, washing with ethanol and toluene, and after the washing is finished, obtaining mercapto-modified nano zinc oxide;
(3) adding sulfydryl modified nano zinc oxide and styrene into a solvent N, N-dimethylformamide, adding dibenzoyl peroxide in a nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the mass ratio of the added sulfydryl modified nano zinc oxide to the styrene to the dibenzoyl peroxide is 10:100:1.2, carrying out polymerization reaction at the temperature of 55 ℃ for 14h in the stirring and mixing process, and after the reaction is finished, carrying out suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene;
(4) pre-foaming nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene under the steam pressure to obtain pre-foamed beads, airing at room temperature, adding the cured nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene beads into a sodium borate flame-retardant solvent, uniformly mixing, taking out, drying, adding phenolic resin, boric acid and polysiloxane, wherein the mass ratio of the added nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene to the phenolic resin to the added boric acid to the polysiloxane is 100:140:10:1.0, quickly stirring, transferring the material into a forming machine, and heating and forming by steam to obtain the nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board.
Example 4
(1) Adding a sodium hydroxide solution into a beaker, adding zinc acetate, uniformly stirring and mixing, adding diethylenetriamine, wherein the mass ratio of the added zinc acetate to the diethylenetriamine is 10:550, stirring to obtain a uniform mixing system, transferring the mixed solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at the temperature of 200 ℃ for 15 hours, cooling after the reaction is finished, washing with ethanol, centrifuging, and drying to obtain nano zinc oxide;
(2) adding a toluene solvent into a flask, adding gamma-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane and nano zinc oxide in a mass ratio of 75:100, heating under an oil bath condition to perform modification reaction, wherein the temperature of the modification reaction is 120 ℃, the time of the modification reaction is 18 hours, after the reaction is finished, performing suction filtration, washing with ethanol and toluene, and after the washing is finished, obtaining mercapto-modified nano zinc oxide;
(3) adding sulfydryl modified nano zinc oxide and styrene into a solvent N, N-dimethylformamide, adding dibenzoyl peroxide in a nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the mass ratio of the added sulfydryl modified nano zinc oxide to the styrene to the dibenzoyl peroxide is 15:100:1.5, carrying out polymerization reaction at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 15h in the stirring and mixing process, and after the reaction is finished, carrying out suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene;
(4) pre-foaming nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene under the steam pressure to obtain pre-foamed beads, airing at room temperature, adding the cured nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene beads into a sodium borate flame-retardant solvent, uniformly mixing, taking out, drying, adding phenolic resin, boric acid and polysiloxane, wherein the mass ratio of the added nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene to the phenolic resin to the boric acid to the polysiloxane is 100:150:15:1.2, quickly stirring, transferring the material into a forming machine, and heating and forming by steam to obtain the nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board.
Comparative example 1
(1) Adding a sodium hydroxide solution into a beaker, adding zinc acetate, uniformly stirring and mixing, adding diethylenetriamine, wherein the mass ratio of the added zinc acetate to the diethylenetriamine is 10:450, stirring to obtain a uniform mixing system, transferring the mixed solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at the temperature of 190 ℃ for 12 hours, cooling after the reaction is finished, washing with ethanol, centrifuging, and drying to obtain nano zinc oxide;
(2) adding a toluene solvent into a flask, adding gamma-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane and nano zinc oxide in a mass ratio of 60:100, heating under an oil bath condition to perform modification reaction, wherein the temperature of the modification reaction is 110 ℃, the time of the modification reaction is 15 hours, after the reaction is finished, performing suction filtration, washing with ethanol and toluene, and after the washing is finished, obtaining mercapto-modified nano zinc oxide;
(3) adding sulfydryl modified nano zinc oxide and styrene into a solvent N, N-dimethylformamide, adding dibenzoyl peroxide in a nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the mass ratio of the added sulfydryl modified nano zinc oxide to the styrene to the dibenzoyl peroxide is 2:100:0.4, carrying out polymerization reaction at the temperature of 55 ℃ for 12h in the stirring and mixing process, and after the reaction is finished, carrying out suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene;
(4) pre-foaming nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene under the steam pressure to obtain pre-foamed beads, airing at room temperature, adding the cured nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene beads into a sodium borate flame-retardant solvent, uniformly mixing, taking out, drying, adding phenolic resin, boric acid and polysiloxane, wherein the mass ratio of the added nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene to the phenolic resin to the added boric acid to the polysiloxane is 100:80:1:0.05, quickly stirring, transferring the material into a forming machine, and heating and forming by steam to obtain the nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board.
Comparative example 2
(1) Adding a sodium hydroxide solution into a beaker, adding zinc acetate, uniformly stirring and mixing, adding diethylenetriamine, wherein the mass ratio of the added zinc acetate to the diethylenetriamine is 10:580, stirring to obtain a uniform mixing system, transferring the mixed solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction at the temperature of 190 ℃ for 14 hours, cooling after the reaction is finished, washing with ethanol, centrifuging, and drying to obtain nano zinc oxide;
(2) adding a toluene solvent into a flask, adding gamma-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane and nano zinc oxide in a mass ratio of 85:100, heating under the condition of oil bath to perform modification reaction, wherein the temperature of the modification reaction is 110 ℃, the time of the modification reaction is 15 hours, after the reaction is finished, performing suction filtration, washing with ethanol and toluene, and obtaining mercapto-modified nano zinc oxide after the washing is finished;
(3) adding sulfydryl modified nano zinc oxide and styrene into a solvent N, N-dimethylformamide, adding dibenzoyl peroxide in a nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the mass ratio of the added sulfydryl modified nano zinc oxide to the styrene to the dibenzoyl peroxide is 25:100:2.5, carrying out polymerization reaction at the temperature of 55 ℃ for 12h in the stirring and mixing process, and after the reaction is finished, carrying out suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene;
(4) pre-foaming nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene under the steam pressure to obtain pre-foamed beads, airing at room temperature, adding the cured nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene beads into a sodium borate flame-retardant solvent, uniformly mixing, taking out, drying, adding phenolic resin, boric acid and polysiloxane, wherein the mass ratio of the added nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene to the phenolic resin to the added boric acid to the polysiloxane is 100:180:20:1.5, quickly stirring, transferring the material into a forming machine, and heating and forming by steam to obtain the nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board.
0.5g of the nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board materials synthesized in the examples and the comparative examples are respectively placed on a WFH-203B ultraviolet transmission analyzer for testing, each sample is tested 5 times at different positions, and the UVA transmittance is recorded by taking an average value.
1g of the nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board materials synthesized in the examples and the comparative examples are respectively added into 20mL of chloroform solvent, and the dissolution is observed after stirring for 1 h.
Claims (8)
1. A nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board material is characterized in that: the preparation method of the nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board material comprises the following steps:
(1) adding zinc acetate into a sodium hydroxide solution, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding diethylenetriamine, stirring to obtain a uniform mixing system, transferring the uniform mixing system into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle, carrying out hydrothermal reaction, cooling, washing, centrifuging and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain nano zinc oxide;
(2) adding gamma-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane and nano zinc oxide into a toluene solvent, heating under the condition of oil bath to perform modification reaction, and after the reaction is finished, performing suction filtration and washing to obtain mercapto-modified nano zinc oxide;
(3) adding sulfydryl modified nano zinc oxide and styrene into a solvent N, N-dimethylformamide, adding dibenzoyl peroxide in a nitrogen atmosphere, mixing, carrying out a polymerization reaction, after the reaction is finished, carrying out suction filtration, washing and drying to obtain nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene;
(4) pre-foaming nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene under the steam pressure to obtain pre-foamed beads, drying the pre-foamed beads at room temperature, adding the cured nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene beads into a sodium borate flame-retardant solvent, uniformly mixing, taking out, drying, adding phenolic resin, boric acid and polysiloxane, quickly stirring, transferring the materials into a forming machine, and heating and forming by steam to obtain the nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board.
2. The nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the zinc acetate to the diethylenetriamine in the step (1) is 10: 500-550.
3. The nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the hydrothermal reaction in the step (1) is 180-200 ℃, and the time of the hydrothermal reaction is 10-15 h.
4. The nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the gamma-mercaptopropyl-trimethoxysilane to the nano-zinc oxide in the step (2) is 70-75: 100.
5. The nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the modification reaction in the step (2) is 100-120 ℃, and the time of the modification reaction is 12-18 h.
6. The nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the mass ratio of the mercapto-modified nano zinc oxide to the styrene to the dibenzoyl peroxide is 5-15:100: 0.8-1.5.
7. The nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the polymerization reaction in the step (3) is 50-60 ℃, and the time of the polymerization reaction is 10-15 h.
8. The nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene composite foam board material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the nano zinc oxide grafted polystyrene, the phenolic resin, the boric acid and the polysiloxane in the step (4) is 100:120-150:2-15: 0.1-1.2.
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| CN114790305A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-07-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Carbon oxide nano onion/polybutadiene-polystyrene-vinylpyridine composite material and preparation method and application thereof |
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