CN114230365A - Preparation method of micro-nano ceramic powder composite material - Google Patents
Preparation method of micro-nano ceramic powder composite material Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a micro-nano ceramic powder composite material, which comprises the following steps: removing impurities from quartz sand, sea sand and fly ash to ensure that the components in the quartz sand are silicon dioxide: 70% -80%, titanium dioxide: 1% -2%, aluminum oxide: 10-15% and the balance of impurities; dry crushing quartz sand, sea sand and fly ash; crushing and drying camphor tree leaves for later use; mixing the crushed raw materials according to the weight ratio of 9: 1; putting the mixed powder into a closed pressure container, and feeding the mixed powder into a cupola furnace to calcine the mixed powder in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment to form a micro-nano ceramic powder composite material; putting the obtained composite material into a collector for cooling, drying, grinding and grading; the cost is reduced by selecting raw materials; by adding the camphor leaves and using the manufacturing steps of the invention, the produced micro-nano ceramic powder composite material has high hardness, small specific gravity and good insulation.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the field of ceramic powder, in particular to a preparation method of a micro-nano ceramic powder composite material.
Background
Nowadays, ceramic powder is more and more widely used, people generally use ceramic in the form of spherical hollow ceramsite as a raw material, hollow ceramic powder composite materials are used as a raw material, and the use effect is optimal.
As disclosed in publication No.: CN101962298A, entitled the preparation method of a light nanometer micropore ceramic provided in the invention patent, firstly, mixing raw materials, primary minerals and explosives, putting the mixed materials into a closed detonation container, putting a detonator into the container, and then sealing the materials and the detonator by using waterproof materials; then filling water into the closed detonation container as a pressure maintaining and cooling medium; detonating the detonator and collecting the detonation product, and then sieving the collected product; and finally, carrying out single-phase hot-pressing sintering on the sieved product. The method provided by the invention can be used for crushing the raw material by the impact of huge energy provided instantaneously by detonation reaction to obtain the nano powder for preparing the nano ceramic, and has the advantages of little energy consumption, short reaction time and great significance for improving the production efficiency and the benefit.
And if the notice number is: CN102211925B, invention name: the technical scheme of the preparation method of the micro-nano composite ceramic material provides a preparation method of an alumina-titanium nitride-titanium carbide-zirconia micro-nano composite ceramic material. The invention is prepared by adding nano TiN, TiC and ZrO2 powder into a micron alpha-Al 2O3 matrix, controlling the volume fraction of nano particles, taking Ni as a bonding phase and Mo and Cr2O3 as a sintering aid and an inhibitor, and adopting a vacuum hot pressing sintering process. The preparation method adopts the nano-scale raw materials and adds the dispersing agent, thereby greatly inhibiting the agglomeration of nano-particles, effectively inhibiting the growth of micron alumina particles and refining the grains due to the introduction of nano TiN, TiC and ZrO2 particles. The fracture toughness is improved to more than 6.5MPa.m1/2 and can reach as high as 8.5MPa.m1/2 through the phase change toughening effect of ZrO 2. The composite ceramic material has the characteristics of fine and uniform particle size distribution, high hardness, high bending strength, high fracture toughness, good high-temperature stability and the like, and is suitable for manufacturing metal cutting tools, nozzles and the like with high requirements on high temperature and wear resistance.
The above technical solutions do not solve the problems and do not see any information related thereto, but the technical problems need to be solved, and the present application is proposed in view of the above.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention discloses a preparation method of a micro-nano ceramic powder composite material, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: removing impurities from quartz sand, sea sand and fly ash to ensure that the components in the quartz sand are silicon dioxide: 70% -80%, titanium dioxide: 1% -2%, aluminum oxide: 10 to 15 percent of the total weight of the alloy, and the balance of impurities containing iron and carbon;
step two: dry crushing the quartz sand, the sea sand and the fly ash in the step one in a collision type airflow crusher, and sieving the powder with a 325-1250-mesh sieve for later use;
step three: wet grinding and drying camphor tree leaves in a jet mill to prepare camphor tree leaf fiber powder for later use;
step four: mixing the sand powder prepared in the step two and the camphor tree leaf fiber powder prepared in the step three according to the weight ratio of 9:1 to form mixed powder containing 90% of mineral powder and 10% of camphor tree leaf fiber powder;
step five: and (3) placing the mixed powder obtained by mixing in the fourth step into a closed pressure container, delivering the mixed powder into a cupola furnace, calcining for 10-12 seconds at the temperature of 1200-1600 ℃ in a high-pressure environment, keeping the rotary airflow in the calcining environment, synchronously performing combustion in a centrifugal state, and centrifugally calcining the mixed powder to form the reticular hollow microspheres, namely the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material.
Further, the preparation method also comprises the step six: and (4) placing the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material obtained by sintering in the fifth step into a collector for cooling, drying and grinding, and sorting the nano-nano ceramic powder composite material and the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material in different stages by a multi-stage grading device.
Further, the surface of the micron-sized micro/nano sphere material is subjected to surface activation treatment through a high-speed stirrer and a continuous powder surface modifying machine, so that the micron-sized micro/nano sphere material has a micro/nano hollow powder effect.
Further, in the fifth step, before the mixed powder is sent into a cupola furnace for calcination, gas is added into the mixed powder by using an air compressor, so that bubbles are formed in the mixture in a container, and the inside of the mixed powder is hollow.
Further, the pressure of the gas pumped into the air compressor is 35kg/cm2。
Furthermore, in the fifth step, the height of the calcining area of the cupola furnace is more than or equal to 18m, and the mixed powder is sent into the furnace body for calcining through the furnace body part with the height of the calcining area of the cupola furnace being more than 1/2.
Further, the pressure in the cupola furnace in the step five is 25-30kg/cm2。
Furthermore, in the fifth step, the middle area of the calcining area of the cupola furnace is thicker than the upper part and the lower part.
Furthermore, in the fifth step, the smoke exhaust port of the cupola furnace is arranged at 17m of the cupola furnace body, and the micro-nano spheres enter the collector from the flue to be cooled.
An application of a micro-nano ceramic powder composite material in a carbon fiber heating coating, wherein the obtained micro-nano ceramic powder composite material and a carbon fiber material are used for producing the carbon fiber heating coating.
Advantageous effects
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the technical effects that:
1. the quartz sand, the sea sand and the fly ash are used as main raw materials of the product, and the camphor tree leaf fiber is used as an auxiliary raw material, so that the manufacturing cost is reduced, waste is changed into valuable, the problem of fly ash in a power plant is solved, and the waste of crops is solved;
2. the surface of the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material is in a net-shaped hollow shape, so that the specific surface area is increased, the pressure resistance is improved, and the strength and the hardness are increased;
3. forming a hollow netted hollow sphere on the surface of the camphor tree by adding the camphor tree leaves;
4. the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material is micro-nano grade, so that when the composite material is used as a material, a nano effect can be achieved;
5. the surface activation treatment is carried out by a high-speed stirrer and a continuous powder surface modifying machine, so that the surface of the powder can achieve the nanometer effect.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but is not limited to the details of the description.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a micro-nano ceramic powder composite material, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: removing impurities from quartz sand, sea sand and fly ash to ensure that the components in the quartz sand are silicon dioxide: 70% -80%, titanium dioxide: 1% -2%, aluminum oxide: 10-15 percent of silicon, and the balance of impurities containing iron and carbon, specifically, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide and aluminum oxide can be prepared from quartz sand, sea sand and fly ash, wherein the silicon content of the quartz sand is about 92 percent, the aluminum oxide is about 2-3 percent, the silicon content of the sea sand is about 60 percent, the aluminum oxide content is more than 20 percent, the silicon content of the fly ash is about 55 percent, and the aluminum oxide content is about 35 percent.
Step two: the quartz sand, the sea sand and the fly ash in the step one are subjected to dry grinding in a collision type airflow grinder, the powder is sieved by a 325-1250-mesh sieve for later use, specifically, the size of the sieved sieve selected after the quartz sand, the sea sand and the fly ash are crushed is determined according to the product requirements, if a product with 325 meshes to 2500 meshes is required to be produced, only the product with 325 meshes is needed to be sieved, and the final yield is high; if the product with 8000 meshes to 10000 meshes needs to be produced, the mesh number needs to be increased to 1250-mesh sieve to meet the product requirement, but the yield is less.
Step three: wet grinding and drying camphor tree leaves in a jet mill to prepare camphor tree leaf fiber powder for later use;
step four: mixing the sand powder prepared in the second step and the camphor tree leaf fiber powder prepared in the third step according to the weight ratio of 9:1 to form mixed powder containing 90% of mineral powder and 10% of camphor tree leaf fiber powder, wherein the camphor tree leaf fiber powder is prepared by selecting camphor tree leaves because camphor tree oil exists in the camphor tree leaves and no impurities exist after combustion, the camphor tree leaves are crushed to be in a fiber state, oily liquid can be formed after heating and pressurizing in mixing, the formed oily liquid is good in liquidity and dispersion effect, and the oily liquid can be fully fused with sand powder in a sintering process, so that cavities in the mixture are increased and enlarged to form a hollow structure, and the hollow structure has a higher specific surface area.
Step five: putting the mixed powder obtained by mixing in the fourth step into a closed pressure container, and adding gas into the mixed powder by using an air compressor, wherein the gas pressure of the gas pumped into the air compressor is 35kg/cm2Forming bubbles in the mixture in the container, forming hollow powder inside the mixture, calcining in a cupola furnace at 1200-1600 deg.C under high pressure for 10-12 s, specifically, the pressure in the cupola furnace is 25-30kg/cm2Meanwhile, the height of a cupola calcining area is more than or equal to 18m, mixed powder is sent into the interior of a furnace body through the furnace body part of the cupola calcining area with the height of more than 1/2 for calcining, the calcining environment keeps rotating airflow, the middle area of the cupola calcining area is thicker than the upper part and the lower part, specifically, the diameter of the upper part of a combustion area is 1 m, the diameter of the middle part is 2.1 m, the diameter of the bottom part is 1.7 m, the calcining work is synchronously carried out under a centrifugal state, the mixed powder forms mesh hollow microspheres after centrifugal calcining, namely, the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material, a cigarette exhaust port of the cupola furnace is arranged at 17m of the cupola furnace body, and the micro-nano spheres enter a collector from a flue for cooling.
Step six: and (3) placing the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material obtained by sintering in the fifth step into a collector for cooling, drying and grinding, sorting out nano-scale and micro-scale micro-nano ceramic powder composite materials with different levels by using a multi-level grading device, and carrying out surface activation treatment on the surface of the micro-nano sphere material by using a high-speed stirrer and a continuous powder surface modifying machine to ensure that the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material has a micro-nano hollow powder effect, wherein the nano effect is expressed in the quantum size, and the main particle size of the product prepared by the steps is 1-45 (mum), specifically 1 (mum) 5 (mum) 10 (mum) 25 (mum) 45 (mum).
Example 1:
the method comprises the following steps: taking 100kg of quartz sand, sea sand and fly ash mixture, and removing impurities through an iron removal device and a carbon removal device, wherein 78kg of silicon dioxide, 1.75kg of titanium dioxide and 13.5kg of aluminum oxide are contained in the treated mixture;
step two: dry crushing the quartz sand, the sea sand and the fly ash in the step one in a collision type jet mill, and sieving the powder with a 800-mesh sieve for later use;
step three: wet grinding and drying camphor tree leaves in a jet mill to prepare camphor tree leaf fiber powder for later use;
step four: mixing the sand powder prepared in the step two and the camphor tree leaf fiber powder prepared in the step three according to the weight ratio of 9:1 to form mixed powder containing 90% of mineral powder and 10% of camphor tree leaf fiber powder;
step five: putting the mixed powder obtained in the fourth step into a closed pressure container, and then using an air compressor to make the mixed powder reach 35kg/cm2Adding gas into the mixed powder under gas pressure to form bubbles in the mixture in a container, forming hollow shape in the mixed powder, feeding into a furnace body with a height of 18m or more in a calcination region, feeding the mixed powder into the furnace body via a furnace body part with a height of 1/2 or more in the calcination region of a cupola furnace, and heating at 1500 deg.C under a pressure of 27kg/cm2Calcining for 12 seconds in the environment, keeping the rotary airflow in the calcining environment, synchronously calcining in a centrifugal state, centrifugally calcining the mixed powder to form reticular hollow microspheres, namely the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material, wherein the micro-nano spheres enter a collector through a flue and are cooled through a smoke exhaust port of a cupola furnace body at 17 m.
Step six: and (4) placing the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material obtained by sintering in the fifth step into a collector for cooling, drying and grinding, sorting out nano-scale and micro-scale micro-nano ceramic powder composite materials with different levels by a multi-level grading device, and performing surface activation treatment on the surface of the micro-nano sphere material by a high-speed stirrer and a continuous powder surface modification machine to enable the surface of the micro-nano sphere material to have the micro-nano hollow powder effect.
Example 2:
the method comprises the following steps: taking 100kg of quartz sand, sea sand and fly ash mixture, and removing impurities through an iron removal device and a carbon removal device, wherein 70kg of silicon dioxide, 1.6kg of titanium dioxide and 15kg of aluminum oxide are contained in the treated mixture;
step two: dry-crushing the quartz sand, the sea sand and the fly ash in the step one in a collision type jet mill, and sieving the powder with a 325-mesh sieve for later use;
step three: wet grinding and drying camphor tree leaves in a jet mill to prepare camphor tree leaf fiber powder for later use;
step four: mixing the sand powder prepared in the step two and the camphor tree leaf fiber powder prepared in the step three according to the weight ratio of 9:1 to form mixed powder containing 90% of mineral powder and 10% of camphor tree leaf fiber powder;
step five: putting the mixed powder obtained in the fourth step into a closed pressure container, and then using an air compressor to make the mixed powder reach 35kg/cm2Adding gas into the mixed powder under gas pressure to form bubbles in the mixture in a container, forming hollow shape in the mixed powder, feeding into a furnace body with a height of 18m or more in a calcination region, feeding the mixed powder into the furnace body via a furnace body part with a height of 1/2 or more in the calcination region of a cupola furnace, and heating at 1200 deg.C under a pressure of 25kg/cm2Calcining for 10 seconds in the environment, keeping the rotary airflow in the calcining environment, synchronously calcining in a centrifugal state, centrifugally calcining the mixed powder to form reticular hollow microspheres, namely the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material, wherein the micro-nano spheres enter a collector through a flue and are cooled through a smoke exhaust port of a cupola furnace body at 17 m.
Step six: and (4) placing the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material obtained by sintering in the fifth step into a collector for cooling, drying and grinding, sorting out nano-scale and micro-scale micro-nano ceramic powder composite materials with different levels by a multi-level grading device, and performing surface activation treatment on the surface of the micro-nano sphere material by a high-speed stirrer and a continuous powder surface modification machine to enable the surface of the micro-nano sphere material to have the micro-nano hollow powder effect.
Example 3:
the method comprises the following steps: taking 100kg of quartz sand, sea sand and fly ash mixture, and removing impurities through an iron removal device and a carbon removal device, wherein 80kg of silicon dioxide, 1kg of titanium dioxide and 12kg of aluminum oxide are contained in the treated mixture;
step two: dry-crushing the quartz sand, the sea sand and the fly ash in the step one in a collision type jet mill, and sieving the powder with a 1250-mesh sieve for later use;
step three: wet grinding and drying camphor tree leaves in a jet mill to prepare camphor tree leaf fiber powder for later use;
step four: mixing the sand powder prepared in the step two and the camphor tree leaf fiber powder prepared in the step three according to the weight ratio of 9:1 to form mixed powder containing 90% of mineral powder and 10% of camphor tree leaf fiber powder;
step five: putting the mixed powder obtained in the fourth step into a closed pressure container, and then using an air compressor to make the mixed powder reach 35kg/cm2Adding gas into the mixed powder under gas pressure to form bubbles in the mixture in a container, forming hollow shape in the mixed powder, feeding into a furnace body with a height of 18m or more in a calcination region, feeding the mixed powder into the furnace body via a furnace body part with a height of 1/2 or more in the calcination region of a cupola furnace, and heating at 1600 deg.C under a pressure of 30kg/cm2Calcining for 10 seconds in the environment, keeping the rotary airflow in the calcining environment, synchronously calcining in a centrifugal state, centrifugally calcining the mixed powder to form reticular hollow microspheres, namely the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material, wherein the micro-nano spheres enter a collector through a flue and are cooled through a smoke exhaust port of a cupola furnace body at 17 m.
Step six: and (4) placing the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material obtained by sintering in the fifth step into a collector for cooling, drying and grinding, sorting out nano-scale and micro-scale micro-nano ceramic powder composite materials with different levels by a multi-level grading device, and performing surface activation treatment on the surface of the micro-nano sphere material by a high-speed stirrer and a continuous powder surface modification machine to enable the surface of the micro-nano sphere material to have the micro-nano hollow powder effect.
Example 4:
the method comprises the following steps: taking 100kg of quartz sand, sea sand and fly ash mixture, and removing impurities through an iron removal device and a carbon removal device, wherein 74kg of silicon dioxide, 2kg of titanium dioxide and 14kg of aluminum oxide are contained in the treated mixture;
step two: dry crushing the quartz sand, the sea sand and the fly ash in the step one in a collision type jet mill, and sieving the powder with a 550-mesh sieve for later use;
step three: wet grinding and drying camphor tree leaves in a jet mill to prepare camphor tree leaf fiber powder for later use;
step four: mixing the sand powder prepared in the step two and the camphor tree leaf fiber powder prepared in the step three according to the weight ratio of 9:1 to form mixed powder containing 90% of mineral powder and 10% of camphor tree leaf fiber powder;
step five: putting the mixed powder obtained in the fourth step into a closed pressure container, and then using an air compressor to make the mixed powder reach 35kg/cm2Adding gas into the mixed powder under gas pressure to form bubbles in the mixture in a container, forming hollow shape in the mixed powder, feeding into a furnace body with a height of 18m or more in a calcination region, feeding the mixed powder into the furnace body via a furnace body part with a height of 1/2 or more in the calcination region of a cupola furnace, and heating at 1400 deg.C under a pressure of 28kg/cm2Calcining for 11 seconds in the environment, keeping the rotary airflow in the calcining environment, synchronously calcining in a centrifugal state, centrifugally calcining the mixed powder to form reticular hollow microspheres, namely the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material, wherein the micro-nano spheres enter a collector through a flue and are cooled through a smoke exhaust port of a cupola furnace body at 17 m.
Step six: and (4) placing the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material obtained by sintering in the fifth step into a collector for cooling, drying and grinding, sorting out nano-scale and micro-scale micro-nano ceramic powder composite materials with different levels by a multi-level grading device, and performing surface activation treatment on the surface of the micro-nano sphere material by a high-speed stirrer and a continuous powder surface modification machine to enable the surface of the micro-nano sphere material to have the micro-nano hollow powder effect.
In the prepared micro-nano ceramic powder composite material, the product in each embodiment is subjected to material performance test, wherein the Mohs hardness of the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material prepared in the embodiment 3 is 8.5, and compared with the existing micro-nano ceramic powder composite material, the hardness of the material prepared in the embodiments 1, 2 and 4 is obviously improved, but the specific gravity of the material is obviously reduced, the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material prepared by the steps of the invention is lighter, and after dielectric constant test, the dielectric constant data of the embodiment 1 can reach 2.6C after being tested for many times2/CN·M2Compared with the prior micro-nano ceramic powder composite material, the dielectric constant of the composite material is improved by 0.2C2/CN·M2And the insulation property of the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material prepared by the method is improved.
The quartz sand, the sea sand and the fly ash are ceramic raw materials with high silicon content, low iron content and low carbon content, and comprise the following components in percentage by weight
Quartz Sand composition (assay analysis data) (%)
| Sio2 | 92 | CaO | 0.68 |
| AL2o3 | 4 | NgO | 0.70 |
| Fe2O3 | 1.7 | Tia2 | 0.26 |
| Na:o | 2.00 | K2o | 2.20 |
| Loss on ignition 1 | 0.7 |
Composition of sea sand (assay analysis data) (%)
| Sio2 | 60 | CaO | 0.7 |
| AL2o3 | 25 | NgO | 0.72 |
| Fe2O3 | 3 | Tia2 | 0.28 |
| Na:o | 2.00 | K2o | 2.24 |
| Loss on ignition 1 | 1.00 |
Composition of powder fly Ash (assay analysis data) (%)
| Chemical composition | Si02 | Al 233 | Fe2O3 | CaO | MgO | Ka203 | C | Ti02 |
| Content (1) | 55-65 | 26-35 | 1-3 | 0.2-0.6 | 1-2： | 0.5-4.0 | 0.01-2 | 0.5-2 |
Specifically, the properties of the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material prepared by the steps and conditions of the invention are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Name of parameters of micro-nano sphere | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 |
| Particle size (um) | 5 | 45 | 1 | 10 |
| Sphericity ratio | >99.2％ | >98.0％ | >99.6％ | >98.8％ |
| True density (g/cm)3) | 0.9 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 1.2 |
| Bulk Density (g/cm)3) | 0.7 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 0.9 |
| Color | Off-white color | Off-white color | Off-white color | Off-white color |
| Compressive strength (kg/cro):) | 8300 | 7000 | 8500 | 7800 |
| Mohs hardness (Mohs scale) | 8 | 7 | 8.5 | 7.8 |
| Degree of fire (. degree. C.) | 1680 | 1200 | 1750 | 1600 |
| Loss on ignition | <0.7％ | <1％ | <0.6％ | <0.8％ |
| Specific surface area (m)2/g) | 1.0 | 4.5 | 0.9 | 1.2 |
| Oil absorption g (oil)/100g | 28 | 24 | 30 | 27 |
| Coefficient of thermal conductivity (W/mK) | 0.08 | 0.13 | 0.07 | 0.09 |
| Volumetric electricityResistor (omega cm) | 2.47X1010 | 2.3X1010 | 2.6X1010 | 2.4X1010 |
| Dielectric constant (C/CN. M) | 2.52 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.48 |
The raw materials of the micro-nano ceramic composite material prepared by the invention contain partial impurities, but the camphor leaves basically have no impurities after combustion, the oil content of the camphor leaves is completely burnt, the impurities are basically all from sea sand, the proportion of the impurities is only 10% of that of the product, the impurities have no influence on the product after combustion, the product performance of the product is further improved when the product is used in the impurity-free environment, meanwhile, the waste impurities generated in the manufacturing process can also be used for producing foamed bricks, the finished product has light weight, can also be used for paving foundations of football grounds and playgrounds, has good permeability, and can ensure that no water is accumulated on the ground surface.
The novel micro-nano sphere material prepared by the invention improves the hardness of a finished product, and the Mohs hardness of the material can be used in a specific environment, and if the Mohs hardness of the material to be used is in a use environment of 7-8.5, the novel micro-nano sphere material prepared by the invention can also be used; meanwhile, the specific gravity of the material is reduced, compared with the previous same product, the specific gravity of the product produced by the scheme is reduced by about 22%, and the product can be used in the environment needing light high-strength functional materials, such as in an aviation composite material, the whole weight of aviation equipment can be effectively reduced, so that the thrust-weight ratio of an engine is improved, the fuel consumption is reduced, or the product is used in automobile parts of engineering plastic products, so that the efficiency, the reliability and the service life of the engine are improved, and the product has an important effect on realizing light weight of equipment, mechanisms and the like; the micro-nano sphere of the invention improves the dielectric constant through the formula of the mixture of quartz sand, sea sand and fly ash and the steps of preparing the micro-nano ceramic composite material, and the dielectric constant of the obtained micro-nano ceramic composite material is not ideal when the formula of the invention is used alone or only the preparation steps of the invention are used.
The invention can be used in the field of carbon fiber heating coatings, can reduce the use amount of carbon fibers in the heating coatings when used in carbon fibers, can greatly reduce the cost of the heating coatings, simultaneously keeps the performance of the carbon fiber heating coatings unchanged, can generate far infrared rays when used in the carbon fiber heating coatings, and has beneficial effects on human bodies, such as the effect of improving the immune function of pregnant women and infants.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many more modifications and variations than mentioned above are possible in light of the above teaching, and it is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and all such modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a micro-nano ceramic powder composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: removing impurities from quartz sand, sea sand and fly ash to ensure that the components in the quartz sand are silicon dioxide: 70% -80%, titanium dioxide: 1% -2%, aluminum oxide: 10 to 15 percent of the total weight of the alloy, and the balance of impurities containing iron and carbon;
step two: dry crushing the quartz sand, the sea sand and the fly ash in the step one in a collision type airflow crusher, and sieving the powder with a 325-1250-mesh sieve for later use;
step three: wet grinding and drying camphor tree leaves in a jet mill to prepare camphor tree leaf fiber powder for later use;
step four: mixing the sand powder prepared in the step two and the camphor tree leaf fiber powder prepared in the step three according to the weight ratio of 9:1 to form mixed powder containing 90% of mineral powder and 10% of camphor tree leaf fiber powder;
step five: and (3) placing the mixed powder obtained by mixing in the fourth step into a closed pressure container, delivering the mixed powder into a cupola furnace, calcining for 10-12 seconds at the temperature of 1200-1600 ℃ in a high-pressure environment, keeping the rotary airflow in the calcining environment, synchronously performing combustion in a centrifugal state, and centrifugally calcining the mixed powder to form the reticular hollow microspheres, namely the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material.
2. The preparation method of the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method also comprises the following steps: and (4) placing the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material obtained by sintering in the fifth step into a collector for cooling, drying and grinding, and sorting the nano-nano ceramic powder composite material and the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material in different stages by a multi-stage grading device.
3. The preparation method of the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps: and (3) carrying out surface activation treatment on the surface of the micron-sized micro/nano sphere material by a high-speed stirrer and a continuous powder surface modifying machine to ensure that the micron-sized micro/nano sphere material has a micro/nano hollow powder effect.
4. The preparation method of the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: and in the fifth step, before the mixed powder is sent into a cupola furnace for calcination, gas is added into the mixed powder by using an air compressor, so that bubbles are formed in the mixture in a container, and a hollow shape is formed inside the mixed powder.
5. Root of herbaceous plantThe preparation method of the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material according to claim 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the pressure of the gas pumped into the air compressor is 35kg/cm2。
6. The preparation method of the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: and in the fifth step, the height of the calcining area of the cupola furnace is more than or equal to 18m, and the mixed powder is sent into the furnace body for calcining through the furnace body part with the height of the calcining area of the cupola furnace being more than 1/2.
7. The preparation method of the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the fifth step, the pressure in the cupola is 25-30kg/cm2。
8. The preparation method of the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: and in the fifth step, the middle area of the calcining area of the cupola furnace is thicker than the upper part and the lower part.
9. The preparation method of the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: in the fifth step, a smoke exhaust port of the cupola furnace is arranged at 17m of the cupola furnace body, and the micro-nano spheres enter a collector from a flue for cooling.
10. The application of the micro-nano ceramic powder composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in carbon fiber heating paint, wherein the obtained micro-nano ceramic powder composite material and carbon fiber material are used for producing the carbon fiber heating paint.
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