CN114228903A - Catenary pretensioner and mooring system - Google Patents
Catenary pretensioner and mooring system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114228903A CN114228903A CN202111344543.1A CN202111344543A CN114228903A CN 114228903 A CN114228903 A CN 114228903A CN 202111344543 A CN202111344543 A CN 202111344543A CN 114228903 A CN114228903 A CN 114228903A
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- Prior art keywords
- anchor chain
- catenary
- pretensioner
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- state
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/04—Fastening or guiding equipment for chains, ropes, hawsers, or the like
- B63B21/10—Fairleads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/18—Stoppers for anchor chains
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B2205/00—Tethers
- B63B2205/02—Tether payout means
- B63B2205/04—Tether payout means comprising means for controlling payout
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of catenary mooring systems, and provides a catenary pretensioner and a mooring system, wherein the catenary pretensioner comprises: the main body is provided with a yielding channel which is suitable for a driving anchor chain to pass through; the locking structure is arranged in the abdicating channel and has a first state for limiting the active anchor chain to move along the abdicating channel and a second state for allowing the active anchor chain to move along the abdicating channel; the adjusting structure is arranged on the body and is suitable for enabling the locking structure to be converted from the first state to the second state. According to the pretensioner, under the action of gravity of the body, the active anchor chain is pressed downwards, the inclination angle between a part of the active anchor chain below the body and the horizontal plane is reduced, the pretensioning force of the active anchor chain is increased, and the pretensioning efficiency is improved. And a part of the active anchor chain above the body is in a vertical state, so that the requirement on the tension of a catenary mooring system is reduced, the anchor chain can be completed through an anchor winch or a crane, and the options of a construction ship machine are increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of catenary mooring systems, in particular to a catenary pretensioner and a mooring system.
Background
The pre-tensioning of the existing catenary mooring system is realized by adopting a mode of dragging the anchor throwing boat, the included angle between the anchor throwing boat dragging anchor chain and the horizontal plane is large, the component force in the horizontal direction, namely the pre-tensioning force of the anchor chain, is small, the pre-tensioning efficiency is low, the requirement on the dragging force of the anchor throwing boat is high, in the actual construction process, the difficulty of searching for a construction ship meeting the construction requirement is high, and the construction difficulty and cost are increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is that the mooring system is pre-tensioned by adopting the anchor throwing boat in the prior art, the included angle between the anchor chain and the horizontal plane is large, the component force in the horizontal direction, namely the pre-tensioning force of the anchor chain, is small, the pre-tensioning efficiency is low, and the requirement on the towing force of the anchor throwing boat is high, so that the catenary pre-tensioning device and the mooring system are provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the present invention provides a catenary pretensioner comprising: the main body is provided with a yielding channel which is suitable for a driving anchor chain to pass through; the locking structure is arranged in the abdicating channel and has a first state for limiting the active anchor chain to move along the abdicating channel and a second state for allowing the active anchor chain to move along the abdicating channel; and the adjusting structure is arranged on the body and is suitable for enabling the locking structure to be converted from the first state to the second state.
Furthermore, an outlet of the abdicating channel is positioned on the top surface of the body, and an inlet of the abdicating channel is positioned on the bottom surface of the body; the cross-sectional shape of the outlet is cross-shaped, and the cross-sectional shape of the inlet is rectangular.
Furthermore, the locking structure is a clamping groove, the clamping groove is located on the bottom surface of the body, the clamping groove is communicated with the inlet of the abdicating channel and is suitable for enabling the active anchor chain to be clamped into the clamping groove when the body inclines.
Further, the adjusting structure comprises a recovery rope, one end of the recovery rope is connected with the body, the other end of the recovery rope extends out of the water surface, and the recovery rope is suitable for changing the inclination state of the body by lifting.
Furthermore, the adjusting structure further comprises a first connecting lug which is arranged on one side surface of the body, and the first connecting lug is connected with the unloading buckle on the recovery rope; the first connecting lug and the locking structure are positioned on the same side of the body.
Further, the catenary pretensioner further comprises a second connecting lug arranged on one side surface of the body, wherein the second connecting lug and the first connecting lug are positioned on two opposite side surfaces of the body and are suitable for being connected with a passive anchor chain.
Furthermore, the second engaging lug comprises two lug plates which are parallel to each other, and the second engaging lug is connected with the unloading buckle on the passive anchor chain through a pin shaft.
The invention also provides a catenary mooring system comprising the catenary pretensioner.
Further, the catenary mooring system further comprises an active anchor chain and a passive anchor chain; one end of the active anchor chain is provided with an active anchor, and the other end of the active anchor chain penetrates through the abdicating channel and extends to the water surface; one end of the passive anchor chain is provided with a passive anchor, and the other end of the passive anchor chain is connected with the second connecting lug.
Further, the active anchor chain is made of chain links which are perpendicular to each other and are alternately arranged.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the catenary pretensioner provided by the invention, after an active anchor chain passes through the abdication channel, in the second state, the catenary pretensioner can slide down along the vertical section of the active anchor chain until the active anchor chain is supported by the inclined section of the active anchor chain, the body is in a suspended state under water, at the moment, after the catenary pretensioner is switched to the first state, the active anchor chain cannot pass through the abdication channel by dragging the active anchor chain under the action of the locking structure, and when the active anchor chain needs to be dragged, the limitation of the locking structure can be removed through the adjusting structure, so that the active anchor chain is dragged. Under the action of gravity of the body, the stress point of the active anchor chain is pressed downwards, and the inclination angle between a part of the active anchor chain below the body and the horizontal plane is reduced, so that the pretensioning force of the active anchor chain is increased, and the pretensioning efficiency is improved. And a part of the active anchor chain above the body is in a vertical state, so that the requirement on the tension of a catenary mooring system is reduced, the anchor chain can be completed through an anchor winch or a crane, and the options of a construction ship machine are increased.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a catenary pretensioner in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a catenary pretensioner in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a bottom view of a catenary pretensioner in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a locking structure in a catenary pretensioner in an embodiment of the present invention in a first state;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a locking structure in a catenary pretensioner in an embodiment of the present invention in a second state;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a catenary mooring system in an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a body; 2. An active anchor chain; 3. A passive anchor chain;
4. recovering the rope; 5. An active anchor; 6. A passive anchor;
7. a first connecting lug; 8. A second engaging lug; 9. An inlet;
10. an outlet; 11. A card slot; 12. Unloading the buckles;
13. and (4) yielding the channel.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a catenary pretensioner in an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a top view of a catenary pretensioner in an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a bottom view of a catenary pretensioner in an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the present embodiment provides a catenary pretensioner including: the body 1, for example, the shape of the body 1 may be a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and a cavity is formed inside the body 1 to serve as the yielding channel 13; the driving anchor chain 2 enters from one end of the abdicating channel 13 and then penetrates out from the other end of the abdicating channel 13. For example, the body 1 may be made of iron, steel or copper, and the actual mass of the body 1 may be designed according to the specifications of the active chain 2 so that the body 1 is of a suitable mass. When the anchor chain is used, the body 1 can apply pressure to the driving anchor chain 2, and a part of chain bodies located below the body 1 are pressed downwards to reduce included angles between the part of chain bodies and a horizontal plane, and meanwhile, the body 1 cannot be completely sunk to the water bottom.
The locking structure is arranged in the abdicating channel 13 and has a first state for limiting the movement of the active anchor chain 2 along the abdicating channel 13 and a second state for allowing the active anchor chain 2 to move along the abdicating channel 13; and the adjusting structure is arranged on the body 1 and is suitable for enabling the locking structure to be converted from the first state to the second state. When the locking structure is used, the locking structure is switched between the first state and the second state through the adjusting structure, and when the locking structure relieves the limitation on the active anchor chain 2, the active anchor chain 2 is dragged to be pre-tensioned; and after the active anchor chain 2 is tensioned, the active anchor chain is locked.
According to the catenary pretensioner, after the active anchor chain 2 passes through the abdicating channel 13, the body 1 is in a suspension state under water, and under the action of the locking structure, the body 1 cannot directly fall along the active anchor chain 2, and when dragging is needed, the limitation of the locking structure can be removed through the adjusting structure, so that the active anchor chain 2 is dragged. Under the action of gravity of the body 1, the active anchor chain 2 is pressed downwards, and the inclination angle between a part of the active anchor chain 2 below the body 1 and the horizontal plane is reduced, so that the pretensioning force of the active anchor chain 2 is increased, and the pretensioning efficiency is improved. And, a part of initiative anchor chain 2 above body 1 is in vertical state, has reduced the requirement to catenary mooring system pulling force, can accomplish through anchor winch or loop wheel machine, has increased the optional item of construction ship machine.
In this embodiment, the outlet 10 of the abdicating channel 13 is located on the top surface of the body 1, and the inlet 9 of the abdicating channel 13 is located on the bottom surface of the body 1; the cross-sectional shape of the outlet 10 is cruciform and the cross-sectional shape of the inlet 9 is rectangular. Wherein the size of the exit opening 10 may be slightly larger than the size of the active chain 2 so that the active chain 2 may pass through. The size of the inlet 9 can be designed to be large and the actual size can be designed according to the size of the body 1.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a locking structure in a catenary pretensioner in an embodiment of the present invention in a first state; FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a locking structure in a catenary pretensioner in an embodiment of the present invention in a second state; as shown in fig. 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, the locking structure is a slot 11, for example, the slot 11 is a straight slot 11, the slot 11 is located on the bottom surface of the body 1, and the slot 11 is communicated with the inlet 9 of the abdicating channel 13, so that the active anchor chain 2 is locked in the slot 11 when the body 1 is inclined. For example, slot 11 may be located to the left of entrance 9, and active chain 2 may be snapped into slot 11 when body 1 is tilted to the lower left.
In this embodiment, adjust the structure and include recovery rope 4, retrieve the one end of rope 4 and link to each other with body 1, the other end stretches out the surface of water, is suitable for through carrying the inclined state that the recovery rope 4 changed body 1. For example, the mass of the half side of the body 1 provided with the clamping groove 11 can be larger than that of the other side, so that the body 1 inclines towards the direction of the clamping groove 11 in a natural state, when the driving anchor chain 2 needs to be pulled, the body 1 can be lifted through the recovery rope 4 to keep the body 1 horizontal, and the driving anchor chain 2 is separated from the clamping groove 11 and can move along the abdicating channel 13.
In this embodiment, the adjusting structure further includes a first connecting lug 7, which can be disposed on one side of the body 1, and the first connecting lug 7 is connected to the unloading buckle 12 on the recovery rope 4; wherein, first engaging lug 7 with can be located the same half of body 1 with draw-in groove 11 for when pulling recovery rope 4, can make draw-in groove 11 break away from with initiative anchor chain 2. Wherein, first engaging lug 7 can have an otic placode, has the mounting hole on the face of otic placode, can install uninstallation knot 12 on the otic placode with the help of the round pin axle.
In this embodiment, the catenary pretensioner further includes a second engaging lug 8 disposed on one side of the body 1, and the second engaging lug 8 and the first engaging lug 7 are disposed on two different sides of the body 1 facing each other and adapted to engage the passive anchor chain 3. For example, the first engaging lug 7 is located on the left side surface of the body 1, and the second engaging lug 8 may be located on the right side surface of the body 1. Wherein, second engaging lug 8 can include two otic placodes that are parallel to each other, all is provided with the mounting hole on every otic placode, and second engaging lug 8 can link to each other with uninstallation knot 12 on the passive anchor chain 3 through the round pin axle. At the moment, the driving anchor chain 2 and the driven anchor chain 3 can be arranged on two sides of the body 1 in a left-right mode, the driving anchor chain 2 and the driven anchor chain 3 are located on the same straight line, and when the driving anchor chain 2 is pre-tightened, the driven anchor chain 3 can be pre-tightened at the same time, so that pre-tightening efficiency is improved.
In this embodiment, the first engaging lug 7, the second engaging lug 8 and the body 1 may be integrally formed during the process.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a catenary mooring system according to an embodiment of the invention, and as shown in fig. 6, another embodiment further provides a catenary mooring system including the catenary pretensioner.
In this embodiment, the catenary mooring system further includes an active anchor chain 2 and a passive anchor chain 3; one end of the driving anchor chain 2 is provided with a driving anchor 5 which can be anchored in underwater silt, and the other end of the driving anchor chain 2 passes through the abdicating channel 13 and extends to the water surface to be dragged by an installation ship or dragged by an anchor winch or a crane on the installation ship. One end of the passive anchor chain 3 is provided with a passive anchor 6 which can be anchored into underwater sediment, and the other end of the passive anchor chain 3 is connected with a second connecting lug 8.
In this embodiment, the active anchor chains 2 are made of links that are perpendicular to each other and alternate. Two adjacent chain rings on the active anchor chain 2 are sleeved with each other, the chain ring parallel to the clamping groove 11 can be clamped into the clamping groove 11, the chain ring vertical to the clamping groove 11 clamps the groove eaves of the clamping groove 11, and at the moment, the active anchor chain 2 is locked. The passive anchor chain 3 may have the same structure as the active anchor chain 2.
In this embodiment, multiple catenary pretensioners may be used simultaneously to pretension multiple anchors simultaneously.
In summary, the catenary pretensioner of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
the catenary pretensioner can convert vertical tension into horizontal tension, and reduces the requirement on tension of a ship engine installed on a catenary mooring system.
According to the catenary pretensioner, pretensioning can be completed by an anchor winch or a crane, and the options of a construction ship machine are increased.
The catenary pretensioner can simultaneously complete pretensioning operation of two or more anchors on the diagonal line for symmetrically arranged anchors, and further improves construction efficiency.
The catenary pretensioner disclosed by the invention can meet the installation requirements of various mooring lines such as an anchor chain, a steel wire rope, a composite fiber rope and the like.
The catenary pretensioner has the advantages of small required construction area and small influence on surrounding channels.
The catenary pretensioner of the present invention can be reused and the pretensioner can be recovered after the pretensioning operation is completed.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A catenary pretensioner, comprising:
the main body is provided with a yielding channel which is suitable for a driving anchor chain to pass through;
the locking structure is arranged in the abdicating channel and has a first state for limiting the active anchor chain to move along the abdicating channel and a second state for allowing the active anchor chain to move along the abdicating channel;
and the adjusting structure is arranged on the body and is suitable for enabling the locking structure to be converted from the first state to the second state.
2. The catenary pretensioner of claim 1,
an outlet of the abdicating channel is positioned on the top surface of the body, and an inlet of the abdicating channel is positioned on the bottom surface of the body;
the cross-sectional shape of the outlet is cross-shaped, and the cross-sectional shape of the inlet is rectangular.
3. The catenary pretensioner of claim 1,
the locking structure is a clamping groove, the clamping groove is located on the bottom surface of the body, the clamping groove is communicated with an inlet of the abdicating channel, and the locking structure is suitable for enabling the active anchor chain to be clamped into the clamping groove when the body inclines.
4. The catenary pretensioner of claim 1,
the adjusting structure comprises a recovery rope, one end of the recovery rope is connected with the body, the other end of the recovery rope extends out of the water surface, and the recovery rope is suitable for changing the inclination state of the body by lifting.
5. The catenary pretensioner of claim 4,
the adjusting structure further comprises a first connecting lug which is arranged on one side surface of the body, and the first connecting lug is connected with the unloading buckle on the recovery rope;
the first connecting lug and the locking structure are positioned on the same side of the body.
6. The catenary pretensioner of claim 5,
the connecting device further comprises a second connecting lug, the second connecting lug is arranged on one side face of the body, the second connecting lug and the first connecting lug are located on two opposite different side faces of the body, and the second connecting lug and the first connecting lug are suitable for being connected with a passive anchor chain.
7. The catenary pretensioner of claim 6,
the second engaging lug comprises two mutually parallel lug plates, and the second engaging lug is connected with the unloading buckle on the passive anchor chain through a pin shaft.
8. A catenary mooring system comprising a catenary pretensioner according to any of claims 1-7.
9. The catenary mooring system of claim 8,
the system also comprises an active anchor chain and a passive anchor chain;
one end of the active anchor chain is provided with an active anchor, and the other end of the active anchor chain penetrates through the abdicating channel and extends to the water surface;
one end of the passive anchor chain is provided with a passive anchor, and the other end of the passive anchor chain is connected with the second connecting lug.
10. The catenary mooring system of claim 9,
the active anchor chain is made of chain rings which are perpendicular to each other and are arranged alternately.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111344543.1A CN114228903A (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | Catenary pretensioner and mooring system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111344543.1A CN114228903A (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | Catenary pretensioner and mooring system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114228903A true CN114228903A (en) | 2022-03-25 |
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ID=80749283
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111344543.1A Pending CN114228903A (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | Catenary pretensioner and mooring system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114228903A (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0081258A1 (en) * | 1981-11-23 | 1983-06-15 | van den Haak, Rob | A device of tensioning an anchor line, in particular for testing an anchor, particularly comprising a cable or chain tensioner |
| US4910833A (en) * | 1989-06-19 | 1990-03-27 | Robert G. Barbour | Double-locking anchor chain tensioner |
| US5097787A (en) * | 1987-10-27 | 1992-03-24 | Brupat Limited | Tensioning device |
| CN110316318A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-10-11 | 大连海事大学 | Underwater stretcher and its application method |
-
2021
- 2021-11-12 CN CN202111344543.1A patent/CN114228903A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0081258A1 (en) * | 1981-11-23 | 1983-06-15 | van den Haak, Rob | A device of tensioning an anchor line, in particular for testing an anchor, particularly comprising a cable or chain tensioner |
| US5097787A (en) * | 1987-10-27 | 1992-03-24 | Brupat Limited | Tensioning device |
| US4910833A (en) * | 1989-06-19 | 1990-03-27 | Robert G. Barbour | Double-locking anchor chain tensioner |
| CN110316318A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-10-11 | 大连海事大学 | Underwater stretcher and its application method |
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Application publication date: 20220325 |