CN114228503B

CN114228503B - Guiding structure of magnetic levitation train and magnetic levitation train

Info

Publication number: CN114228503B
Application number: CN202210074166.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖石; 汤凯谊; 付善强
Original assignee: CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd
Current assignee: CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-21
Filing date: 2022-01-21
Publication date: 2023-08-15
Anticipated expiration: 2042-01-21
Also published as: CN114228503A

Abstract

The application discloses a guiding structure of a magnetic levitation train and the magnetic levitation train. By adopting the scheme, when lightning is struck by lightning in the running process of the maglev train, the lightning current is discharged through the pair of rail capacitors and then is converged into the ground, so that the leakage is realized. The sharp end of the sharp electrode reduces the curvature radius of the gap between the guide electromagnet and the guide rail, and the charge density is increased, so that larger field intensity is easier to generate between the guide electromagnet and the guide rail, and a discharge channel is easier to form between the guide electromagnet and the guide rail, so that the leakage speed of lightning current can be increased, and the problem that overvoltage is caused by untimely leakage and the electromagnetic compatibility of a train is affected is solved.

Description

Guiding structure of magnetic levitation train and magnetic levitation train

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of magnetic levitation trains, in particular to a guiding structure of a magnetic levitation train.

Background

The magnetic levitation train is not contacted with the guide rail in the running process, and the protective shielding measures similar to a motor train unit are not arranged above the train, so that the magnetic levitation train is easy to attack by direct lightning in the running process.

When the train is struck by lightning, if the train cannot timely run out, the train body is over-voltage, and the electromagnetic compatibility of the train is adversely affected.

Therefore, the electromagnetic compatibility of the maglev train under the condition of lightning stroke is improved, and the technical problem to be solved by the person skilled in the art is solved.

Disclosure of Invention

In one aspect, the application provides a guiding structure of a maglev train, which comprises a guiding electromagnet and a tip electrode, wherein the guiding electromagnet and a guide rail form a rail-to-rail capacitor taking air as a medium in the running process of the train, the tip electrode is arranged on the guiding electromagnet, and the tip of the tip electrode faces to the guide rail.

In one embodiment of the guiding structure, a groove is formed in one side, facing the guide rail, of the guiding electromagnet, a mounting hole is formed in the inner wall of the groove, and the tip electrode is embedded in the mounting hole.

One implementation mode of the guide structure is characterized in that a plurality of grooves are sequentially formed in the length direction of the guide electromagnet at intervals, and a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the inner wall of each groove so as to embed a plurality of tip electrodes.

In one embodiment of the guide structure, the grooves are equally spaced.

In one embodiment of the guide structure, each tip electrode in each groove is arranged in a ring shape with one part being arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the other part being arranged inside the ring shape.

In one embodiment of the guide structure, the tip electrode includes a base and a connection portion connected between the base and the tip, and the base is fitted in the mounting hole.

In one embodiment of the guiding structure, the base is tapered, and an end far away from the tip is a large-diameter end.

In one embodiment of the guide structure, the tip electrode is an integrally formed structure.

In one embodiment of the guiding structure, the surface of the tip is a spherical cambered surface.

In another aspect, the present application provides a maglev train, where the maglev train adopts any one of the above-mentioned guide structures, and a guide electromagnet of the guide structure is fixed on a bottom side surface of a train body.

By adopting the scheme, in the running process of the magnetic levitation train, the guide electromagnet and the guide rail form the rail-to-rail capacitor taking air as a medium, when the train is struck by lightning, the lightning current is discharged through breakdown of the rail-to-rail capacitor and then is converged into the ground, so that the leakage is realized. The sharp end of the sharp electrode makes the curvature radius of the gap between the guide electromagnet and the guide rail smaller, and the charge density is increased, so that larger field intensity is easier to generate between the guide electromagnet and the guide rail, and a discharge channel is easier to form between the guide electromagnet and the guide rail, so that the leakage speed of lightning current can be increased, and the problem that overvoltage is caused by untimely leakage and the electromagnetic compatibility of a train is affected is solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of one embodiment of a guiding electromagnet provided by the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the arrangement of the tip electrode in one of the recesses of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of one of the tip electrodes of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a graph of the electric field distribution between a rail electromagnet and a rail on which a tip electrode is mounted;

fig. 5 is a graph showing the electric field distribution between the guide electromagnet and the guide rail without the tip electrode mounted thereon.

The reference numerals are explained as follows:

10 guiding electromagnet, 101 groove;

20 tip electrode, 201 tip, 202 connection, 203 base.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical scheme of the present application better understood by those skilled in the art, the following description is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, the guiding structure of the maglev train comprises guiding electromagnets 10, wherein the guiding electromagnets 10 can be fixed on the side surface of the bottom of the train body, and particularly, a group of guiding electromagnets 10 can be respectively fixed on two sides of the bottom. The guide electromagnet 10 has a strip-shaped plate-like structure as a whole.

During operation of the maglev train, the guide electromagnet 10 is substantially parallel to the guide rail and has a gap with the guide rail that can be controlled to within 20mm (including 20 mm).

In the running process of the maglev train, the guide electromagnet 10 and the guide rail form a counter-rail capacitor taking air as a medium, when the train is struck by lightning, the lightning current is discharged through breakdown of the counter-rail capacitor and then is converged into the ground, and the leakage is realized.

As shown in fig. 1, the guiding structure includes a tip electrode 20, the tip electrode 20 is mounted on a guiding electromagnet 10, and a tip 201 of the tip electrode 20 faces the guiding rail. By the design, the curvature radius of a gap between the guide electromagnet 10 and the guide rail is reduced by the tip 201 of the tip electrode 20, and the charge density is increased, so that larger field intensity is more easily generated between the guide electromagnet 10 and the guide rail (as can be seen by comparing fig. 4 and 5), a discharge channel is more easily formed between the guide electromagnet 10 and the guide rail, and the discharge speed of lightning current can be increased, and the problem that overvoltage is caused by untimely lightning current discharge and the electromagnetic compatibility of a train is affected is solved.

Specifically, a groove 101 may be provided on the side of the guide electromagnet 10 facing the guide rail, and a mounting hole may be provided in the inner wall of the groove 101, and the tip electrode 20 may be fitted into the mounting hole. In this way, the tip electrode 20 can be brought out of the guide electromagnet 10 on the side facing the guide rail or only a small distance, so that a gap between the tip electrode and the guide rail can be ensured.

Specifically, a plurality of grooves 101 may be sequentially disposed at intervals along the length direction of the guiding electromagnet 10, specifically, each groove 101 may be disposed at equal intervals, that is, the distances between adjacent grooves 101 in the length direction of the guiding electromagnet 10 are equal, specifically, two grooves 101 may be disposed at the end of the guiding electromagnet 10, and the remaining grooves 101 are disposed between the two grooves 101. The length of the guide electromagnet 10 can be designed to be 3000mm, and 5 grooves 101 can be formed in the guide electromagnet 10 with the length of 3000 mm.

As shown in fig. 2, the inner wall of each groove 101 may be provided with a plurality of mounting holes so as to fit a plurality of tip electrodes 20 into each groove 101. The design is more beneficial to improving the leakage speed of lightning current.

The tip electrodes 20 in each groove 101 are arranged in a ring shape with a part thereof being spaced apart in the circumferential direction and the other part thereof being arranged inside the ring shape. In the illustrated embodiment, 15 tip electrodes 20 are embedded in each groove 101, wherein 10 tip electrodes 20 are sequentially and uniformly arranged in a ring shape at intervals in the circumferential direction, and 5 tip electrodes 20 are uniformly distributed in the ring shape. The design is more beneficial to improving the leakage speed of lightning current.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the tip electrode 20 includes a base 203 and a connection portion 202 connected between the base 203 and the tip 201, the base 203 is fitted in the mounting hole, and the tip 201 is exposed outside the mounting hole.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the base 203 may be designed in a conical shape, and the small diameter end of the base 203 is connected to the connection portion 202, and the large diameter end of the base 203 is farther from the tip 201 than the small diameter end. In detail, the diameter of the large diameter end of the base 203 may be 4mm, the diameter of the small diameter end may be 1mm, the draft angle may be 15 degrees, and the height may be 5mm.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the connecting portion 202 may be designed into a cylindrical shape, the diameter of the cylindrical connecting portion 202 is the same as the diameter of the small diameter end of the conical base 203, and the height may be designed to be slightly smaller than the height of the base 203, for example, when the height of the base 203 is 5mm, the height of the connecting portion 202 may be 4mm.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the surface of the tip 201 may be designed as a spherical cambered surface. The surface of the tip 201 smoothly transitions with the surface of the connection 202.

Specifically, tip electrode 20 may be of an integrally formed structure, which may ensure the surface quality of tip electrode 20.

Comparing fig. 4 with fig. 5, fig. 4 is an electric field distribution diagram between the guide rail electromagnet and the guide rail, on which the tip electrode is mounted; fig. 5 is a graph showing the electric field distribution between the guide electromagnet and the guide rail without the tip electrode mounted thereon. After the guide electromagnet 10 is installed with the tip electrode 20, the field intensity between the guide electromagnet and the guide rail is obviously improved, so that the gap breakdown threshold value of the rail capacitor can be obviously reduced, and the leakage speed of lightning current can be obviously accelerated.

The guiding structure of the magnetic levitation train and the magnetic levitation train provided by the application are described in detail. The principles and embodiments of the present application have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the method of the present application and its core ideas. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the application can be made without departing from the principles of the application and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the application as defined in the following claims.

Claims

1. The guiding structure of the magnetic levitation train is characterized by comprising a guiding electromagnet (10) and a tip electrode (20), wherein the guiding electromagnet (10) and a guide rail form a rail-to-rail capacitor taking air as a medium in the running process of the train, the tip electrode (20) is installed on the guiding electromagnet (10), and the tip (201) of the tip electrode (20) faces the guide rail.

2. The guiding structure of the maglev train according to claim 1, wherein a groove (101) is provided on a side of the guiding electromagnet (10) facing the guide rail, a mounting hole is provided on an inner wall of the groove (101), and the tip electrode (20) is fitted in the mounting hole.

3. The guiding structure of a maglev train according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of grooves (101) are provided at intervals in sequence along the length direction of the guiding electromagnet (10), and a plurality of mounting holes are provided on the inner wall of each groove (101) for embedding a plurality of tip electrodes (20).

4. A guiding structure of a maglev train according to claim 3, characterized in that the grooves (101) are arranged at equal intervals.

5. A guide structure of a maglev train according to claim 3, characterized in that the tip electrodes (20) in each groove (101) are arranged in a ring shape with a part being arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction and the other part being arranged inside the ring shape.

6. The guidance structure of a maglev train according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that the tip electrode (20) comprises a base (203) and a connection (202) connected between the base (203) and the tip (201), the base (203) being fitted in the mounting hole.

7. The guiding structure of a maglev train according to claim 6, characterized in that the base (203) is tapered and the end remote from the tip (201) is a large diameter end.

8. The guiding structure of a maglev train according to claim 6, wherein the tip electrode (20) is an integrally formed structure.

9. The guiding structure of a maglev train according to claim 6, characterized in that the surface of the tip (201) is a spherical cambered surface.

10. The magnetic levitation train is characterized in that the magnetic levitation train adopts the guiding structure as set forth in any one of claims 1-9, and a guiding electromagnet (10) of the guiding structure is fixed on the side surface of the bottom of the train body.