CN114225562A - Rainwater rapid filtration device - Google Patents
Rainwater rapid filtration device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114225562A CN114225562A CN202210183809.7A CN202210183809A CN114225562A CN 114225562 A CN114225562 A CN 114225562A CN 202210183809 A CN202210183809 A CN 202210183809A CN 114225562 A CN114225562 A CN 114225562A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- filter
- water inlet
- backwashing
- pipe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/02—Loose filtering material, e.g. loose fibres
- B01D39/04—Organic material, e.g. cellulose, cotton
Abstract
The invention relates to a device for rapidly filtering rainwater, which comprises a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a treatment box body, a plurality of filtering grids and a backwashing water drain pipe, wherein the filtering grids and the backwashing water drain pipe are arranged in the treatment box body; the water inlet pipe is connected with a plurality of water inlet grooves in parallel, the water inlet grooves correspond to the filter lattices one by one, and outlets of the water inlet grooves are positioned at the middle lower part of the filter lattices and are used for feeding water at the middle lower part of the filter lattices so as to form filtered water flow from bottom to top in the filter lattices; and a back-washing water discharge pipe is arranged at the lower part of the filter lattice and is used for discharging water of the filter lattice during back washing, so that back-washing water flow from top to bottom is formed in the filter lattice. The filter material is a cuboid, six faces of the cuboid are concave faces, each concave face is formed by splicing four inclined triangular planes, the preparation raw materials of the filter material comprise amino acid modified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and a cross-linking agent, and the cross-linking agent is epoxy siloxane.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rainwater treatment, and particularly relates to a device for quickly filtering rainwater.
Background
China has a high sewage collection and treatment rate, but the treatment of initial rainwater in a shunt pipe network has no unified requirement, the initial rainwater is often directly discharged into a water body in a natural environment without being treated, and serious environmental pollution can be caused in special weather or regions. At present, the treatment method of rainwater mainly comprises rotational flow sand setting, artificial wetland, filtration technology and the like at home and abroad. These treatment methods have a limited effect on the treatment of pollutants such as COD in rainwater and are inefficient.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a device for rapidly filtering rainwater, which comprises a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a treatment box body, a plurality of filter lattices and a backwashing drain pipe, wherein the filter lattices and the backwashing drain pipe are arranged in the treatment box body;
the water inlet pipe is connected with a plurality of water inlet grooves in parallel, the water inlet grooves correspond to the filter lattices one by one, and outlets of the water inlet grooves are positioned at the middle lower part of the filter lattices and are used for feeding water at the middle lower part of the filter lattices so as to form filtered water flow from bottom to top in the filter lattices;
and a back-washing water discharge pipe is arranged at the lower part of the filter lattice and is used for discharging water of the filter lattice during back washing, so that back-washing water flow from top to bottom is formed in the filter lattice.
Optionally, the treatment tank body is divided into an equipment area and a treatment area, a water distribution tank, a water outlet tank, a backwashing water collection tank and a backwashing water discharge pump are arranged in the equipment area, the water inlet pipe is connected with an inlet of the water distribution tank, and an outlet of the water distribution tank is connected with an inlet of the water inlet tank through a water distribution pipe;
the side surface of the water outlet groove is communicated with one filter lattice close to the equipment area through a water outlet weir crest, and the other side of the water outlet groove is connected with the water outlet pipe;
one side of the backwashing water collecting tank is connected with a backwashing water discharging pipe, and the other side of the backwashing water collecting tank is connected with a backwashing water discharging pump.
Further optionally, a filter screen is arranged in the water distribution tank, the filter screen is horizontally arranged, an inlet of the water distribution tank is located at the top of the water distribution tank, an outlet of the water distribution tank is located on the side face of the bottom of the water distribution tank, water flow from top to bottom is formed inside the water distribution tank, and rainwater is primarily filtered.
Optionally, a water outlet of the backwashing water discharge pump extends out of the treatment tank body, and backwashing water is discharged out of the treatment tank body.
Optionally, the water distribution pipe is provided with a plurality of openings which are used for corresponding to inlets of the water inlet grooves one by one; an electric valve is arranged at the opening of the water distribution pipe and is used for controlling the water inlet of each water inlet tank in real time; and a liquid level meter is arranged at the top of the water inlet tank and used for monitoring the liquid level in the water inlet tank in real time, when the liquid level is higher, the situation that the filtering resistance of the filtering material in the corresponding filtering grid is higher and the backwashing is required to be carried out is shown, and at the moment, a backwashing program is started.
Optionally, the top and the bottom of intake chamber all open-ended, are used for intaking respectively and go out water, are sealed barrel between the upper and lower opening, and the intake chamber can only be by bottom play water promptly, will intake the rainwater and introduce lower part in straining the check, and the influent flow upwards passes through the filter material and filters, forms by lower supreme filtration rivers in straining the check.
Optionally, the plurality of filter lattices are arranged side by side, and adjacent filter lattices are separated by a partition plate; the height of the partition plate is smaller than the heights of other side surfaces of the filter lattices, so that the upper parts of the filter lattices are communicated with each other, the clear water filtered by the filter material is positioned at the upper parts of the filter lattices, and the clear water in the filter lattices far away from the water outlet groove can flow to the adjacent filter lattices, so that the clear water continuously flows to the water outlet groove until the clear water is discharged into the water outlet groove through the water outlet weir port.
Optionally, a guide plate is arranged below an outlet of the water inlet tank and used for uniformly distributing inlet water introduced by the water inlet tank in the horizontal direction of the bottom of the filter lattice, so that the inlet water can uniformly pass through the filter material.
The guide plate can select multiple forms, for example, the middle part of guide plate is the horizontal plate, and the pterygoid lamina that upwards slopes is connected respectively to the horizontal plate both sides, has reposition of redundant personnel, lifts, rises, the effect of rising back to the decurrent water inflow of intake chamber.
Optionally, the lower part of each filter lattice is provided with a back flush drain pipe, the back flush drain pipe is horizontally arranged, and the upper surface of the back flush drain pipe is provided with a plurality of drain holes, so that water in the filter lattices enters the back flush drain pipe under the action of gravity; and one end of each backwashing water discharge pipe in the filter lattice is closed, the other end of each backwashing water discharge pipe is connected with the backwashing water collection tank, all the backwashing water discharge pipes are connected with the backwashing water collection tank, backwashing water is discharged into the backwashing water collection tank at the same time, and the backwashing water is output to the treatment tank body by the backwashing water discharge pump.
Optionally, the outlet end of the backwashing water discharge pump is connected with the water inlet pipe, and backwashing water is circulated back to the filter lattice.
Optionally, a water inlet valve and a constant flow device are arranged on the water inlet pipe, the water inlet valve is used for controlling water inlet of the water inlet pipe, and the constant flow device is used for controlling constant flow of the water inlet.
Optionally, a drain valve is arranged on the backwashing drain pipe and used for controlling whether the backwashing drain pipe starts draining water or not so as to control the start and the end of backwashing.
When the backwashing device starts a backwashing program, the electric valve corresponding to the filter lattice is closed, water is stopped to be fed, the drain valve is opened, the backwashing drain pipe starts draining water, water flow from top to bottom is formed in the filter lattice, clear water above the filter material passes through the filter material again under the action of gravity, the filter material which is tightly stacked is subjected to backwashing, the filter material is loosened and rubbed with each other, so that dirt adsorbed on the surface falls off, and flows into the backwashing drain pipe along with the downward water flow.
Preferably, the middle part of the filter lattice is filled with filter materials, and isolation nets are respectively arranged above and below the filter materials to prevent the filter materials from running off, and the filling height of the filter materials is 1/3 of the height of the filter lattice.
Optionally, the side of handling the box is equipped with the access hole, makes things convenient for operating personnel to get into the box and overhauls the maintenance.
Optionally, the device for rapidly filtering rainwater further comprises a control device, the control device comprises a PLC controller, and the PLC controller is in communication connection with and controls the galvanostat, the water inlet valve, the electric valve, the level gauge, the water discharge valve and the backwashing drainage pump, so as to realize centralized automatic control of water inlet and backwashing of the device for rapidly filtering rainwater.
Optionally, the filter material is a concave polyhedral streamline suspension light filter material, the filter material is a cuboid, six faces of the cuboid are concave faces protruding inwards, and each concave face is formed by four inclined triangular planes; the preparation raw materials of the filter material comprise: the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer modified by amino acid is prepared by esterification reaction of hydrolysate of EVA and amino acid, and the cross-linking agent is epoxy siloxane.
Optionally, the filter material preparation raw materials include: 20-30 parts of amino acid modified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 70-80 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 3-8 parts of cross-linking agent, 3-8 parts of foaming agent, 1-1.5 parts of bridging agent, 1-3 parts of foaming promoter, 5-8 parts of lubricating agent and 1-3 parts of filler, wherein the sum of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and the amino acid modified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is 100 parts.
Optionally, the hydrolysis degree of VA in the EVA is 95.0-99.9%, the melt index of the unhydrolyzed EVA is 5-12g/10min, and the content of vinyl acetate structural units is 10-20 wt%.
Optionally, the melt index of the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in the raw material is 5-12g/10 min.
Optionally, the epoxysiloxane is a composition of epoxysiloxane with the number average molecular weight of less than 1000 and epoxysiloxane with the number average molecular weight of more than 5000, and the weight ratio of the epoxysiloxane to the epoxysiloxane is 1: 0.35-1.
Optionally, the epoxysiloxane with number average molecular weight less than 1000 is selected from at least one of epoxy-terminated phenyltrisiloxane, tris (glycidoxypropyldimethylsiloxy) phenylsiloxane, 1, 3-bis (3-glycidyloxypropyl) tetramethyldisiloxane, 1,3, 3-tetramethyl-1, 3-bis- [2- [ 7-oxobicyclo [4.1.0] hept-3-yl ] ethyl ] disiloxane.
Optionally, the epoxy siloxane with the number average molecular weight of more than 5000 is epoxy-terminated silicone oil, and the epoxy value of the epoxy-terminated silicone oil is 0.1-0.2mol/100 g; preferably, the epoxysiloxanes having number average molecular weights > 5000 have number average molecular weights of from 1 to 2 million.
Optionally, the amino acid is selected from at least one of aromatic amino acid and aliphatic amino acid, specifically at least one of phenylalanine, tyrosine, leucine, alanine and glycine.
Optionally, the amino acid modified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is prepared by hydrolyzing an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) with a vinyl acetate structural unit, and performing an esterification reaction between the hydrolysis product and a carboxyl group on an amino acid to obtain a modified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer with an active amine group.
Specifically, the amino acid modified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is prepared by a preparation method comprising the following steps:
1) hydrolysis of EVA
Dissolving EVA in organic solvent, heating to reflux state, adding catalyst, reacting at constant temperature, dropwise adding hydrochloric acid to neutrality, cooling to room temperature, pouring the reaction solution into water, stirring until no precipitate is separated out, drying the precipitate, pulverizing, washing with water, filtering, and drying again to obtain dry powder;
2) esterification of EVA hydrolysates
Dissolving the dried powder obtained in the step 1) in an organic solvent, adding amino acid and a catalyst, heating, keeping stirring for reaction until no water is condensed and separated out, naturally cooling to room temperature, slowly pouring the reaction liquid into water, stirring until no precipitate is separated out, drying the precipitate, crushing, washing with water, filtering, and drying again to obtain the modified ethylene-vinyl acetate for later use.
Optionally, the organic solvent in step 1) is at least one selected from tetrahydrofuran, toluene and chloroform; the catalyst is ethanol solution of alkali, the alkali is not particularly limited, at least one of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide commonly used in the field, the concentration of the alkali in the ethanol solution is 0.5-2mol/L, the constant-temperature reaction time is 3-8h, and the crushed particle size is 50-100 mu m.
Optionally, the organic solvent in step 2) is at least one selected from tetrahydrofuran, toluene and chloroform; the dosage of the modifier amino acid is 1.05 to 1.12 times of the total molar weight of vinyl acetate in the modified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the catalyst is at least one selected from benzene sulfonic acid, p-toluene sulfonic acid and 4-methyl benzene sulfonic acid, and the dosage of the catalyst is 1.05 to 1.2 times of the molar weight of the amino acid; the temperature is raised to 110 ℃ and 130 ℃, and the crushed particle size is 50-100 mu m.
Optionally, the four inclined triangular planes are symmetrical about the center line of the cuboid, the side of the triangular plane is spliced with the side of the adjacent triangular plane, the bottom side of the triangular plane is coincided with one side of the cuboid, the outer side face of the cuboid corresponding to the concave surface is a virtual outer surface, and the included angle between the triangular plane and the virtual outer surface is 10-45 degrees.
The side length of the cuboid is 5-15 mm.
The filtering material is made into the cuboid with the concave surface, so that the cuboid is beneficial to containing pollutants such as COD (chemical oxygen demand), SS (suspended solids) and the like in initial rainwater to the maximum extent, and the cuboid with the concave surface has higher spatial density laying rate and lower fluid resistance, so that the rainwater can be rapidly filtered; the included angle between the triangular plane and the plane of the connecting line of the four vertexes at one side of the cuboid where the concave surface is located is 10-45 degrees, and during backwashing, the vertexes of the cuboid are impacted, extruded and slide into the concave surface, so that pollutants remained in the concave surface can be rapidly pushed out.
Optionally, the density of the filter material is 0.2-0.8g/cm3Preferably 0.6 to 0.8g/cm3。
The blowing agent is not particularly limited, and may be one commonly used in the art, including but not limited to at least one of azodicarbonamide, p-toluenesulfonylhydrazide, and azodimethylthiamine.
The bridging agent is not particularly limited, and may be one commonly used in the art, including but not limited to at least one of DCP and BIPB.
The foaming promoter is not particularly limited, and may be one commonly used in the art, including but not limited to at least one of zinc oxide, zinc carbonate, and zinc stearate.
The lubricant is at least one selected from stearic acid, calcium stearate, zinc stearate, barium stearate and ethylene bisstearamide.
The filler includes but is not limited to at least one of nano calcium carbonate and talcum powder.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the concave polyhedron streamline suspension lightweight filter material, which comprises the following steps:
s1: adding the amino acid modified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer into a preheated double-roll open mill, mixing, adding a cross-linking agent, mixing, adding a foaming agent, a bridging agent, a foaming promoter, a lubricant and a filler, continuously mixing, thinly passing, and cutting to obtain granules;
s2: and (3) filling the granules obtained in the last step into a preheated mould for foaming, opening the mould, then placing the mould into a drying box for heat treatment, taking out the mould and placing the mould at room temperature to obtain the light filter material.
Optionally, in step S1, the preheating temperature of the open mill is 110-150 ℃, the mixing time after the modified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is added is 3-8min, the mixing time after the cross-linking agent is added is 2-5min, the mixing time after the foaming agent, the bridging agent, the foaming auxiliary agent and the lubricant are added is 5-10min, the thin piece is made into a sheet with a thickness of 1-10mm, and the temperature of two rollers is 85-95 ℃ during the thin piece;
optionally, in step S2, the preheating temperature of the mold is 150-; the foaming conditions are as follows: the temperature is 150 ℃ and 180 ℃, the time is 5-10min, and the mould pressing pressure is 7-12 MPa; the heat treatment conditions are as follows: the temperature is 50-80 ℃, the time is 5-8h, and the room temperature is kept for 6-24 h.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of the rapid rainwater filtration device;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the rapid rainwater filtration device;
FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of the filter material.
In the attached drawings, 1-galvanostat; 2-water inlet pipe; 3-a water inlet valve; 4, filtering the filter screen; 5-water distribution tank; 6-an electric valve; 7-a liquid level meter; 8-a PLC controller; 9-a water inlet tank; 10-filtering material; 11-a flow guide plate; 12-water outlet weir crest; 13-water outlet groove; 14-a water outlet pipe; 15-backwashing the drain pipe; 16-a drain valve; 17-backwashing the water collecting tank; and 18-backwashing the drainage pump.
Detailed Description
The device for rapidly filtering rainwater provided by the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1-2, includes a water inlet pipe 2, a water outlet pipe 14, a processing tank, and a plurality of filtering grids and backwashing drain pipes 15 inside the processing tank, wherein the water inlet pipe 2 is arranged at the top of the processing tank, the water outlet pipe 14 is arranged at the upper part of the processing tank, and filtering materials 10 are filled inside the filtering grids for filtering rainwater;
the water inlet pipe 2 is connected with a plurality of water inlet grooves 9 in parallel, the water inlet grooves 9 correspond to the filter lattices one by one, and outlets of the water inlet grooves 9 are positioned at the middle lower part of the filter lattices and are used for feeding water at the middle lower part of the filter lattices so as to form filtered water flow from bottom to top in the filter lattices;
the lower part of the filter lattice is provided with a back washing drain pipe 15 for draining water of the filter lattice during back washing, and then back washing water flow from top to bottom is formed in the filter lattice.
Optionally, the treatment tank body is divided into an equipment area and a treatment area, a water distribution tank 5, a water outlet tank 13, a backwashing water collection tank 17 and a backwashing water discharge pump 18 are arranged in the equipment area, the water inlet pipe 2 is connected with an inlet of the water distribution tank 5, and an outlet of the water distribution tank 5 is connected with an inlet of the water inlet tank 9 through a water distribution pipe;
the side surface of the water outlet groove 13 is communicated with a filter lattice close to the equipment area through a water outlet weir crest 12, and the other side of the water outlet groove 13 is connected with the water outlet pipe 14;
one side of the backwashing water collection tank 17 is connected with a backwashing water discharge pipe 15, and the other side is connected with a backwashing water discharge pump 18.
Further optionally, be equipped with filter screen 4 in the distribution box, filter screen 4 level sets up, and the import of distribution tank 5 is located the top of distribution tank 5, and the export of distribution tank 5 is located the side of distribution tank 5 bottom, and the inside rivers that form from top to bottom of distribution tank 5, prefilter rainwater intake.
Optionally, a water outlet of the backwash water pump 18 extends out of the treatment tank to discharge backwash water out of the treatment tank.
Optionally, the water distribution pipe is provided with a plurality of openings, which are used for corresponding to the inlets of the water inlet grooves 9 one by one; an electric valve 6 is arranged at the opening of the water distribution pipe and is used for controlling the water inlet of each water inlet tank 9 in real time; the top of the water inlet tank 9 is provided with a liquid level meter 7 for monitoring the liquid level in the water inlet tank 9 in real time, when the liquid level is higher, the filtering resistance of the filter material 10 in the corresponding filter lattice is larger, the backwashing is required to be carried out, and at the moment, the backwashing program is started.
Optionally, the top and the bottom of intake antrum 9 are all opened, are used for intaking and go out water respectively, are sealed barrel between the upper and lower opening, and intake antrum 9 can only be by bottom play water promptly, will intake the rainwater and introduce and strain lower part in the check, and the inflow upwards flows and filters through filter material 10, forms by lower supreme filtration rivers in straining the check.
Optionally, the plurality of filter lattices are arranged side by side, and adjacent filter lattices are separated by a partition plate; the height of the partition plate is smaller than the height of other side surfaces of the filter lattices, so that the upper parts of the filter lattices are communicated with each other, the clear water filtered by the filter material 10 is positioned at the upper parts of the filter lattices, and the clear water in the filter lattices far away from the water outlet groove 13 can flow to the adjacent filter lattices, so that the clear water continuously flows to the water outlet groove 13 until the clear water is discharged into the water outlet groove 13 through the water outlet weir crest 12.
Optionally, a guide plate 11 is arranged below an outlet of the water inlet tank 9, and is used for uniformly distributing the inlet water introduced by the water inlet tank 9 in the horizontal direction of the bottom of the filter lattice, so that the inlet water can uniformly pass through the filter material 10.
The guide plate 11 can be selected from various forms, for example, the middle part of the guide plate 11 is a horizontal plate, two sides of the horizontal plate are respectively connected with an upwards inclined wing plate, and the water inlet groove 9 is provided with functions of flow dividing, lifting and lifting for downward water inlet.
Optionally, a backwashing water drainage pipe 15 is arranged at the lower part of each filter lattice, the backwashing water drainage pipe 15 is horizontally arranged, and a plurality of drainage holes are arranged on the upper surface of the backwashing water drainage pipe 15, so that water in the filter lattices can enter the backwashing water drainage pipe 15 under the action of gravity; one end of each backwashing water discharge pipe 15 in the filter lattice is closed, the other end of each backwashing water discharge pipe 15 is connected with the backwashing water collection tank 17, all the backwashing water discharge pipes 15 are connected with the backwashing water collection tank 17, backwashing water is discharged into the backwashing water collection tank 17, and the backwashing water is output to the treatment box body by the backwashing water discharge pump 18.
Optionally, the outlet end of the back flushing drain pump 18 is connected to the water inlet pipe 2, and the back flushing water is circulated back to the filter lattice.
Optionally, a water inlet valve 3 and a constant flow device 1 are arranged on the water inlet pipe 2, the water inlet valve 3 is used for controlling water inlet of the water inlet pipe 2, and the constant flow device 1 is used for controlling constant flow of the water inlet.
Optionally, a drain valve 16 is disposed on the backwash drain pipe 15, and is used to control whether the backwash drain pipe 15 starts draining, so as to control the start and end of backwash.
When the backwashing process is started, the electric valve 6 corresponding to the filter lattice is closed, water is stopped to enter, the drain valve 16 is opened, the backwashing drain pipe 15 starts draining water, water flow from top to bottom is formed in the filter lattice, clear water above the filter material 10 passes through the filter material 10 again under the action of gravity, the filter material 10 which is stacked tightly is subjected to backwashing, and the filter materials 10 rub against each other while being loose, so that dirt adsorbed on the surface falls off and flows into the backwashing drain pipe 15 along with downward water flow.
Preferably, the middle part of the filter lattice is filled with the filter material 10, and the separation nets are respectively arranged above and below the filter material 10 to prevent the filter material 10 from running off, and the filling height of the filter material 10 is 1/3 of the height of the filter lattice.
Optionally, the side of handling the box is equipped with the access hole, makes things convenient for operating personnel to get into the box and overhauls the maintenance.
Optionally, the device for rapidly filtering rainwater further comprises a control device, the control device comprises a PLC controller 8, the PLC controller 8 is in communication connection with and controls the galvanostat 1, the water inlet valve 3, the electric valve 6, the liquid level meter 7, the drain valve 16 and the backwashing drainage pump 18, and centralized automatic control of water inlet and backwashing of the device for rapidly filtering rainwater is realized.
The ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers used in the following preparation examples were each purchased from Mitsui Japan, and had a vinyl acetate structural unit content of 20% by weight and a melt index of 5g/10 min.
1, 3-bis (3-glycidoxypropyl) tetramethyldisiloxane is available from Kyoto scientific Co., Ltd.
Epoxy-terminated silicone oil having a number average molecular weight of 12500 was purchased from Beijing Ixon Biotech, Inc. and had an epoxy value of 0.2mol/100 g.
The initial rainwater source is the welt west avenue of the residential business district, the Hunan Changsha high new development area, the SS is 268.0 mg/L, and the COD is 201.1 mg/L.
Amino acid modified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
Preparation example 1
1) Hydrolysis of EVA
Dissolving 60 parts of EVA in 80 parts of toluene, heating to a reflux state, adding 65 parts of ethanol solution dissolved with sodium hydroxide, wherein the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is 2mol/L, reacting at a constant temperature for 5 hours, dropwise adding 15wt% hydrochloric acid until the pH value is 7, cooling to room temperature, pouring the reaction solution into 300 parts of water, stirring until no precipitate is separated out, performing vacuum drying on the precipitate at 80 ℃, then crushing to 80 mu m, washing with water, filtering, and repeating the drying for 2 times to obtain dry powder for later use; the degree of hydrolysis was tested to be 96.0%.
2) Esterification of EVA hydrolysates
Dissolving the dried powder obtained in the step 1) in 80 parts of toluene, adding 13.4 parts of alanine and 31 parts of p-toluenesulfonic acid, heating to 110 ℃, keeping stirring for reaction until no water is condensed and separated, naturally cooling to room temperature, slowly pouring the reaction solution into water, stirring until no precipitate is separated out, drying the precipitate, crushing to 80 mu m, washing with water, filtering, drying again, and repeating the steps for 2 times to obtain alanine-modified ethylene-vinyl acetate for later use.
Preparation example 2
The same as in preparation example 1 except that 13.4 parts of alanine was changed to 11.25 parts of glycine.
And (3) titrating the reaction mixture cooled to room temperature in the step 1) by using 0.1mol/L HCl solution by taking phenolphthalein as an indicator until the phenolphthalein is discolored, simultaneously performing a blank experiment, recording the volume of the hydrochloric acid solution used for titration, repeating the three times to calculate the average value of the consumed volume of the hydrochloric acid solution, and calculating the consumption of VA in the EVA by referring to the following formula to obtain the hydrolysis degree of VA in the EVA.
Wherein M is the relative molecular mass of VA; c is the concentration of hydrochloric acid used for titration, mol/L; v0 is the volume of hydrochloric acid consumed by the blank, ml; v is the volume of hydrochloric acid consumed by titration, ml; VA0The total content of VA in EVA; g is the total amount of EVA, G.
Preparation of Filter media 10
Preparation example 3
S1 adding 30 parts of the modified copolymer prepared in preparation example 1 and 70 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer into a two-roll mill preheated at 120 ℃, mixing for 3min, adding 5.92 parts of 1, 3-bis (3-glycidyl ether oxypropyl) tetramethyldisiloxane and 2.08 parts of epoxy-terminated silicone oil, mixing for 2min, adding 5 parts of azodicarbonamide, 1.5 parts of DCP, 3 parts of zinc oxide and 8 parts of calcium stearate, continuing mixing for 5min and 3 parts of talcum powder, thinning to form a sheet with the thickness of 1.7mm, and cutting to obtain granules;
s2, placing the granules obtained in the previous step into a 5mm multiplied by 5mm mould preheated to 160 ℃ in advance, foaming at 160 ℃ for 6min under the condition that the mould pressing pressure is 10MPa, opening the mould, placing the mould in a drying box at 80 ℃ for heat treatment for 6h, taking out the mould and placing the mould at room temperature for 24h to obtain the light filter material with the thickness of 5mm multiplied by 5 mm; replacing a mould with the thickness of 10mm multiplied by 10mm to prepare a light filter material with the thickness of 10mm multiplied by 10 mm; replacing a die with the diameter of 15mm multiplied by 15mm to prepare the light filter material with the diameter of 15mm multiplied by 15 mm. The shape structure of the filter material is shown in figure 3.
Preparation example 4
The same as in preparation example 3 except that 1, 3-bis (3-glycidyloxypropyl) tetramethyldisiloxane was used in an amount of 2.22 parts and that the terminal epoxy silicone oil was used in an amount of 0.78 part in step S1.
Preparation example 5
The same as in preparation example 3 except that 1, 3-bis (3-glycidyloxypropyl) tetramethyldisiloxane was used in an amount of 1.48 parts and a terminal epoxy silicone oil was used in an amount of 0.52 part in step S1.
Preparation example 6
The same as in preparation example 3 except that 1, 3-bis (3-glycidyloxypropyl) tetramethyldisiloxane was used in an amount of 7.4 parts and a terminal epoxy silicone oil was used in an amount of 2.6 parts in step S1.
Preparation example 7
The same as in preparation example 3 except that 1, 3-bis (3-glycidyloxypropyl) tetramethyldisiloxane was used in an amount of 4 parts and that the terminal epoxy group silicone oil was used in an amount of 4 parts in step S1.
Preparation example 8
The same as preparation example 3 except that the modified copolymer prepared in preparation example 1 was used in an amount of 20 parts and the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer was used in an amount of 80 parts in step S1.
Preparation example 9
The same as preparation example 3 except that the modified copolymer was prepared for preparation example 2 in step S1.
Preparation example 10
The procedure was as in preparation example 3, except that 1, 3-bis (3-glycidyloxypropyl) tetramethyldisiloxane was not added and the amount of the terminal epoxy silicone oil was 8 parts.
Preparation example 11
The procedure was as in preparation example 3, except that 1, 3-bis (3-glycidyloxypropyl) tetramethyldisiloxane was used in an amount of 8 parts without adding the terminal epoxy silicone oil.
Comparative preparation example 1
The same as preparation example 3 except that the modified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer prepared in preparation example 1 was not used in step S1, and the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer was used in an amount of 100 parts.
Examples 1 to 10
The filter materials prepared in the above preparation examples 3 to 11 and comparative preparation example 1 were packed at two 30 m layers, respectively3The filter lattice of the utility model corresponds to the device for rapidly filtering rainwater formed in the embodiment 1-10, and comprises the structure and the constant flow device, the water inlet pipe, the processing box body, the equipment area, the processing area, the filter lattice, the water inlet valve, the filter screen, the water distribution tank, the electric valve, the liquid level meter, the water outlet valve, the water inlet pipe, the water distribution tank, the water outlet valve, the water inlet pipe, the water outlet valve, the water inlet valve, the water outlet valve, the water outlet,The device comprises a PLC controller, a water inlet tank, a filter material, a guide plate, a water outlet weir crest, a water outlet tank, a water outlet pipe, a back flush drain pipe, a drain valve, a back flush water collecting tank, a back flush drain pump, a back flush drain pipe, a partition plate and an access hole; the filter grids are two, and the back flush drain pipe, the intake chamber, the electric valve, the level gauge and the guide plate which are correspondingly arranged are two.
Wherein, the filter material in each filter lattice of the embodiment 1-10 is divided into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part which are laid, the upper part is laid by using the filter material of 5mm multiplied by 5mm, the middle part is laid by using the filter material of 10mm multiplied by 10mm, the lower part is laid by using the filter material of 15mm multiplied by 15mm, the thicknesses of the upper, the middle and the lower filter layers after laying are respectively 0.2m, 0.4m and 0.4m, and the total free volume of all the filter materials before laying is 15m3The total volume of the filter material after being laid is 9m3And then, the rainwater enters the initial stage of the farmland area at the flow rate of 1m/s, wherein the diameter of the water inlet pipe is 200mm, the diameter of the water outlet pipe is 200mm, the whole process comprises filtering, backwashing and refiltering, the water obtained by filtering twice is mixed, the SS removal rate and the COD removal rate are detected, the flow rate of the filtered water before and after the SS removal rate and the COD removal rate are measured, and the average value is obtained.
Example 11
The present example is the same as example 1, except that continuous sand filtration is adopted to filter the initial rainwater, the diameter of the water inlet pipe is 200mm, the inflow flow rate is 1m/s, the specification of the continuous sand filter is phi 1.0m multiplied by 7.0m, the filter material is natural quartz sand with the thickness of 0.5-1.0mm, and the thickness of the filter layer is 2.5 m.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example is the same as example 11, except that the outlet of the water inlet tank is located at the upper part of the filter lattice, inlet rainwater is filtered through the filter material from top to bottom, the inlet of the back flush drainage pump is connected with the external water tank, the outlet is connected with the back flush water collecting tank, back flush is performed from the lower part of the filter lattice by using external clean water, and the filter material is back flushed by the external clean water from bottom to top, which is a conventional back flush method.
The filter materials of the above-mentioned preparation examples 3 to 11 and comparative preparation example 1 were subjected to the following performance tests, the results of which are shown in table 1:
compression set ratio: the test is carried out according to HG/T2876-2009 rubber and plastic shoe microporous material compression deformation test method.
Density: the test is carried out according to the standard ISO 845-2006 determination of foam and rubber apparent density.
TABLE 1 comparison of the Properties of Filter materials prepared in preparations 3 to 11 and comparative preparation 1
The following tests before and after filtration were carried out on the initial rainwater of the above examples and comparative examples, and the results are shown in table 2:
and SS: the test was carried out with reference to the standard GB/T11901-.
COD: the test was performed with reference to the standard HJ 828-.
Table 2 performance test before and after initial rainwater filtration of examples and comparative examples
The rainwater rapid filtering device adopts the flow direction from bottom to top when filtering rainwater and adopts the flow direction from top to bottom when backwashing, so that backwashing water is saved, and filtering materials are prevented from being accumulated due to gravity when filtering; the filter material adopts a three-dimensional net structure, has low compression permanent deformation, and can quickly filter initial rainwater in a lasting and efficient manner; the filter material has higher filtering efficiency, can cope with the rainstorm condition, and can realize layered interception of COD and SS and reduce the subsequent processing load; the special concave polyhedron structure and the streamline shape can effectively reduce the resistance during filtering so as to reduce the head loss, and the back washing of the filter material can be realized under the action of gravity.
Claims (10)
1. A device for rapidly filtering rainwater is characterized by comprising a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a treatment box body, a plurality of filtering grids and a backwashing drain pipe, wherein the filtering grids and the backwashing drain pipe are arranged in the treatment box body;
the water inlet pipe is connected with a plurality of water inlet grooves in parallel, the water inlet grooves correspond to the filter lattices one by one, and outlets of the water inlet grooves are positioned at the middle lower part of the filter lattices and are used for feeding water at the middle lower part of the filter lattices so as to form filtered water flow from bottom to top in the filter lattices;
and a back-washing water discharge pipe is arranged at the lower part of the filter lattice and is used for discharging water of the filter lattice during back washing, so that back-washing water flow from top to bottom is formed in the filter lattice.
2. The device for rapidly filtering rainwater according to claim 1, wherein the processing box body is divided into an equipment area and a processing area, a water distribution tank, a water outlet tank, a backwashing water collecting tank and a backwashing water discharge pump are arranged in the equipment area, the water inlet pipe is connected with an inlet of the water distribution tank, and an outlet of the water distribution tank is connected with an inlet of the water inlet tank through a water distribution pipe;
the side surface of the water outlet groove is communicated with one filter lattice close to the equipment area through a water outlet weir crest, and the other side of the water outlet groove is connected with the water outlet pipe;
one side of the backwashing water collecting tank is connected with a backwashing water discharging pipe, and the other side of the backwashing water collecting tank is connected with a backwashing water discharging pump.
3. The rapid rainwater filtering device according to claim 2, wherein the water distribution pipe is provided with a plurality of openings which are used for corresponding to the inlets of the water inlet grooves one by one; an electric valve is arranged at the opening of the water distribution pipe and is used for controlling the water inlet of each water inlet tank in real time;
and a liquid level meter is arranged at the top of the water inlet tank and used for monitoring the liquid level in the water inlet tank in real time, when the liquid level is higher, the situation that the filtering resistance of the filtering material in the corresponding filtering grid is higher and the backwashing is required to be carried out is shown, and at the moment, a backwashing program is started.
4. The rapid rainwater filtration device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of filtration lattices are arranged side by side, and adjacent filtration lattices are separated by a partition plate; the height of the partition board is less than that of other side surfaces of the filter lattices, so that the upper parts of the filter lattices are communicated with each other.
5. The rapid rainwater filtering device according to claim 1, wherein a back washing drain pipe is provided at a lower portion of each filter cell, the back washing drain pipe is horizontally disposed, and a plurality of drain holes are provided at an upper surface.
6. The device for rapidly filtering rainwater according to claim 1, wherein the filter material is a concave polyhedral streamline suspension lightweight filter material, the filter material is a cuboid, six faces of the cuboid are concave faces, and each concave face is formed by splicing four inclined triangular planes;
the preparation raw materials of the filter material comprise: the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer modified by amino acid is prepared by esterification reaction of hydrolysate of EVA and amino acid, and the cross-linking agent is epoxy siloxane.
7. The device for rapid rainwater filtration according to claim 6, wherein said amino acid is selected from at least one of aromatic amino acids, aliphatic amino acids; the epoxysiloxane is a composition of epoxysiloxane with the number average molecular weight less than 1000 and epoxysiloxane with the number average molecular weight more than 5000, and the weight ratio of the epoxysiloxane to the epoxysiloxane is 1: 0.35-1.
8. The apparatus for rapid filtration of rainwater according to claim 7, wherein the amino acid-modified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is prepared by hydrolyzing ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and esterifying the hydrolysate with amino acid; the content of vinyl acetate structural units in the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is 10-20 wt%.
9. A device for rapidly filtering rainwater according to claim 8 wherein said four inclined triangular planes are centrosymmetric about the center line of said cuboid, the sides of the triangular planes are spliced with the sides of the adjacent triangular planes, the base of the triangular plane coincides with one side of the cuboid, the outer side of the cuboid corresponding to said concave surface is a virtual outer surface, and the included angle between the triangular plane and said virtual outer surface is 10-45 °.
10. The device for rapidly filtering rainwater according to claim 9, wherein the preparation method of the filter material comprises the following steps:
s1: adding the amino acid modified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer into a preheated double-roll open mill, mixing, adding a cross-linking agent, mixing, adding a foaming agent, a bridging agent, a foaming promoter, a lubricant and a filler, continuously mixing, thinly passing, and cutting to obtain granules;
s2: and filling the granules obtained in the last step into a preheated mold for foaming, opening the mold, then placing the mold into a drying box for heat treatment, taking out the mold and placing the mold at room temperature to obtain the filter material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210183809.7A CN114225562B (en) | 2022-02-28 | 2022-02-28 | Rainwater rapid filtration device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210183809.7A CN114225562B (en) | 2022-02-28 | 2022-02-28 | Rainwater rapid filtration device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114225562A true CN114225562A (en) | 2022-03-25 |
| CN114225562B CN114225562B (en) | 2022-04-29 |
Family
ID=80748284
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210183809.7A Active CN114225562B (en) | 2022-02-28 | 2022-02-28 | Rainwater rapid filtration device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114225562B (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1990010488A1 (en) * | 1989-03-13 | 1990-09-20 | Jacques Trizac | Device for filtering and evacuating various kinds of small particles, rubbish and refuse |
| CN1896013A (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2007-01-17 | 华南理工大学 | Laminated aerator biological filter pool and its method for pretreat light-pollution primary water |
| US20080035547A1 (en) * | 2006-08-10 | 2008-02-14 | Miller Robert L | Methods and apparatus for filtering water |
| CN101954224A (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2011-01-26 | 丁宏广 | Filtering material and preparation method and use thereof |
| KR101283922B1 (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-07-16 | 이문승 | Device for treating rainwater having member of blocking bad smell |
| KR101361672B1 (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-02-11 | (주) 영동엔지니어링 | Easy to install waste water processing filtration device |
| CN112357983A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-02-12 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Up-flow type mineralization filter capable of stabilizing desalted water |
| CN212881202U (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2021-04-06 | 煤科集团杭州环保研究院有限公司 | Air-water backwashing filter |
-
2022
- 2022-02-28 CN CN202210183809.7A patent/CN114225562B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1990010488A1 (en) * | 1989-03-13 | 1990-09-20 | Jacques Trizac | Device for filtering and evacuating various kinds of small particles, rubbish and refuse |
| CN1896013A (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2007-01-17 | 华南理工大学 | Laminated aerator biological filter pool and its method for pretreat light-pollution primary water |
| US20080035547A1 (en) * | 2006-08-10 | 2008-02-14 | Miller Robert L | Methods and apparatus for filtering water |
| CN101954224A (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2011-01-26 | 丁宏广 | Filtering material and preparation method and use thereof |
| KR101283922B1 (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-07-16 | 이문승 | Device for treating rainwater having member of blocking bad smell |
| KR101361672B1 (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-02-11 | (주) 영동엔지니어링 | Easy to install waste water processing filtration device |
| CN212881202U (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2021-04-06 | 煤科集团杭州环保研究院有限公司 | Air-water backwashing filter |
| CN112357983A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-02-12 | 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 | Up-flow type mineralization filter capable of stabilizing desalted water |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114225562B (en) | 2022-04-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103170259B (en) | Preparation method of alcohol permselective PDMS/BPPO (Polydimethylsiloxane/Bromide Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-Phenylene Oxide)) crosslinking copolymer composite membrane | |
| DE2925969A1 (en) | POROESE MEMBRANES AND ADSORBENTS, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND THEIR USE FOR THE SEPARATION OF SUBSTANCES | |
| CN106084273A (en) | The preparation method of oleophilic drainage type water hyacinth fibre element aeroge | |
| CN114225562B (en) | Rainwater rapid filtration device | |
| CN113444374A (en) | Wear-resistant asphalt waterproof coiled material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104293287A (en) | Lignin damp-proof fiberboard adhesive and producing method thereof | |
| CN109095945B (en) | Preparation method of antibacterial and mildew-proof zeolite-based humidity-regulating material | |
| CN107658456A (en) | The method and lithium battery of lithium battery energy storage battery material are prepared using silicon chip cutting waste material | |
| KR101982593B1 (en) | Waste concrete recycling equipment | |
| CN114225561B (en) | Concave polyhedral streamlined suspended lightweight filter material, preparation method and application | |
| CN103316560A (en) | Spray paint organic solvent exhaust gas recovery device and organic solvent recovery method | |
| CN103073433A (en) | Energy-saving recovery technology of 3-dimethylaminopropylamine (DMAPA) | |
| CN105498505A (en) | Industrial waste gas dust removal and desulfurization device and dust removal and desulfurization method | |
| CN112695587B (en) | Urban and rural garden antiskid type brick that permeates water | |
| CN107151065A (en) | It is a kind of can water purification humidification integrated device and preparation method thereof for persistently spraying of automatic feeding water | |
| CN208212823U (en) | A kind of novel type non-filtering air cleaning facility | |
| CN110504485A (en) | A kind of preparation method of porous gel electrolyte | |
| CN206970559U (en) | The oxygen-enriched super regenerator of wind power gear oil | |
| CN206746270U (en) | Lithium ion battery liquid injection room dehumidifier and its anti-pickling device | |
| CN112299811A (en) | Soil curing agent for road base and preparation method thereof | |
| CN109928600A (en) | Excess sludge low temperature desiccation apparatus and its operation method | |
| CN217323738U (en) | Domestic type oil-water separator | |
| CN220300461U (en) | Fiber filter bed | |
| CN211734162U (en) | Sludge film drying system based on heavy medium assistance | |
| CN216428755U (en) | High-performance sintered insulating brick |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |