CN114223793B - 提高母猪繁殖性能的组合物及饲料 - Google Patents
提高母猪繁殖性能的组合物及饲料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114223793B CN114223793B CN202111284574.2A CN202111284574A CN114223793B CN 114223793 B CN114223793 B CN 114223793B CN 202111284574 A CN202111284574 A CN 202111284574A CN 114223793 B CN114223793 B CN 114223793B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ration
- sow
- sows
- vitamin
- daily ration
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title abstract description 25
- 230000035935 pregnancy Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 230000012173 estrus Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N L-threonine Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)C(O)=O AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- KZSNJWFQEVHDMF-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-valine Chemical compound CC(C)[C@H](N)C(O)=O KZSNJWFQEVHDMF-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- MFBOGIVSZKQAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium butyrate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCC([O-])=O MFBOGIVSZKQAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000006109 methionine Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 241000335053 Beta vulgaris Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004470 DL Methionine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- BVHLGVCQOALMSV-JEDNCBNOSA-N L-lysine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O BVHLGVCQOALMSV-JEDNCBNOSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- KZSNJWFQEVHDMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Valine Natural products CC(C)C(N)C(O)=O KZSNJWFQEVHDMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methionine Chemical compound CSCCC(N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004474 valine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N (D)-(+)-Pantothenic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- RBCOYOYDYNXAFA-UHFFFAOYSA-L (5-hydroxy-4,6-dimethylpyridin-3-yl)methyl phosphate Chemical compound CC1=NC=C(COP([O-])([O-])=O)C(C)=C1O RBCOYOYDYNXAFA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chick antidermatitis factor Natural products OCC(C)(C)C(O)C(=O)NCCC(O)=O GHOKWGTUZJEAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N L-tryptophane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C[C@H](N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MJVAVZPDRWSRRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Menadione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(C)=CC(=O)C2=C1 MJVAVZPDRWSRRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N Riboflavin Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002685 biotin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020958 biotin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011616 biotin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-UVKKECPRSA-L cobalt(3+);[(2r,3s,4r,5s)-5-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] [(2r)-1-[3-[(2r,3r,4z,7s,9z,12s,13s,14z,17s,18s,19r)-2,13,18-tris(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-7,12,17-tris(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-3,5,8,8,13,15,18,19-octamethyl-2,7, Chemical compound [Co+3].N#[C-].C1([C@H](CC(N)=O)[C@@]2(C)CCC(=O)NC[C@@H](C)OP([O-])(=O)O[C@H]3[C@H]([C@H](O[C@@H]3CO)N3C4=CC(C)=C(C)C=C4N=C3)O)[N-]\C2=C(C)/C([C@H](C\2(C)C)CCC(N)=O)=N/C/2=C\C([C@H]([C@@]/2(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=N\C\2=C(C)/C2=N[C@]1(C)[C@@](C)(CC(N)=O)[C@@H]2CCC(N)=O FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-UVKKECPRSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940055726 pantothenic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019161 pantothenic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011713 pantothenic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N vitamin D3 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 235000019700 dicalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tryptophan Natural products C1=CC=C2C(CC(N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001007 puffing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004666 short chain fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 19
- 210000000664 rectum Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 12
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229960002446 octanoic acid Drugs 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000004473 Threonine Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229960002898 threonine Drugs 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229960004295 valine Drugs 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000014393 valine Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000005635 Caprylic acid (CAS 124-07-2) Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000004667 medium chain fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000262 estrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 abstract description 3
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-lysine Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Threonine Natural products CC(O)C(N)C(O)=O AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003975 animal breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229940011871 estrogen Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229960003646 lysine Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000018977 lysine Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229960004452 methionine Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
- IFGCUJZIWBUILZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium 2-[[2-[[hydroxy-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxyphosphoryl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C=1NC2=CC=CC=C2C=1CC(C(O)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NP(O)(=O)OC1OC(C)C(O)C(O)C1O IFGCUJZIWBUILZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000008521 threonine Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 38
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 34
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 11
- 210000001215 vagina Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 235000021391 short chain fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 241000605909 Fusobacterium Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000589876 Campylobacter Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000736262 Microbiota Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000605894 Porphyromonas Species 0.000 description 4
- RJKFOVLPORLFTN-LEKSSAKUSA-N Progesterone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H](C(=O)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 RJKFOVLPORLFTN-LEKSSAKUSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000588769 Proteus <enterobacteria> Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229940107161 cholesterol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- VOXZDWNPVJITMN-ZBRFXRBCSA-N 17β-estradiol Chemical compound OC1=CC=C2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)([C@H](CC4)O)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 VOXZDWNPVJITMN-ZBRFXRBCSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000186216 Corynebacterium Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000605861 Prevotella Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000589516 Pseudomonas Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 3
- 241001148134 Veillonella Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229930182833 estradiol Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000589291 Acinetobacter Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000186361 Actinobacteria <class> Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000379991 Anaerococcus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000605447 Anemarrhena Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000606125 Bacteroides Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001453380 Burkholderia Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 208000009701 Embryo Loss Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000012313 Kruskal-Wallis test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000192041 Micrococcus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000316848 Rhodococcus <scale insect> Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000033809 Suppuration Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000607598 Vibrio Species 0.000 description 2
- 229930191283 anemarrhena Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005138 cryopreservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 231100000557 embryo loss Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229960005309 estradiol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000009027 insemination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036244 malformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000513 principal component analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000186 progesterone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960003387 progesterone Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 210000005000 reproductive tract Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108020004465 16S ribosomal RNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001655728 Celastrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017186 Celastrus paniculatus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000193403 Clostridium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001478240 Coccus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000223208 Curvularia Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007400 DNA extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241001524109 Dietzia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000194033 Enterococcus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000588722 Escherichia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000192125 Firmicutes Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010055690 Foetal death Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010023302 HDL Cholesterol Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000705123 Iaria Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010028554 LDL Cholesterol Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000000585 Mann–Whitney U test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000098695 Moryella Species 0.000 description 1
- 108091007491 NSP3 Papain-like protease domains Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000909297 Negativicoccus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000192001 Pediococcus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000192031 Ruminococcus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195474 Sargassum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607768 Shigella Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000000692 Student's t-test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000202221 Weissella Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003146 anticoagulant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127219 anticoagulant drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000000436 anus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000090 biomarker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012636 effector Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013020 embryo development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000369 enteropathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003754 fetus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004392 genitalia Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006651 lactation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037356 lipid metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007918 pathogenicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000583 progesterone congener Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002864 sequence alignment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003270 steroid hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000002254 stillbirth Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 231100000537 stillbirth Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004799 tryptophan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及动物养殖领域，特别涉及提高母猪繁殖性能的组合物及饲料。本发明提供了提高母猪繁殖性能的饲喂组合物，包括两种日粮，其一为发情期日粮，包括甜菜粕、L赖氨酸盐酸盐、L‑苏氨酸、缬氨酸、DL‑蛋氨酸、L‑色氨酸、丁酸钠、辛酸、月桂酸。其二为妊娠早期日粮，其特征在于包括甜菜粕、L赖氨酸盐酸盐、L‑苏氨酸、缬氨酸、DL‑蛋氨酸、丁酸钠、辛酸、月桂酸。本发明配制发情期日粮并添加中短链脂肪酸组合、配制妊娠早期低蛋白质日粮，主要调整赖氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸、蛋氨酸的比例和数量，并添加中短链脂肪酸组合，能提高母猪妊娠早期血液中雌激素的水平，能提高母猪窝产活仔数，降低直肠中有害菌的丰度，保障阴道菌群平衡的能力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及动物养殖领域，特别涉及提高母猪繁殖性能的组合物及饲料。
背景技术
母猪繁殖性能是影响养猪业生产效率的重要因素，提高母猪的繁殖性能一直是国内外猪营养研究的核心内容之一。猪的胚胎死亡率在所有家畜中是最高的，约为30％-50％。母猪妊娠早期(妊娠的前25天)尤其是胚胎附植期(妊娠13-25天)，是早期胚胎存活的敏感时期，死亡率最高可达整个妊娠期胚胎或胎儿死亡率的75％。平衡、精准的营养供应模式和健康的肠道、生殖道微生物环境能有效的改善母胎的健康水平，提高胚胎早期的存活率。因此关注母猪早期胚胎发育的营养水平和母胎生理环境的优劣是降低母猪早期胚胎损失的重要手段。已有研究证实，低蛋白质日粮配制技术能提高母体对日粮氨基酸的利用效率，而中短链脂肪酸则在改善母猪肠道、生殖道健康和提高妊娠早期繁殖性能上均具有显著作用。
目前母猪养殖业中尚无系统针对母猪妊娠早期胚胎损失率高的母猪发情期和妊娠早期营养配方，且无联合添加使用多种中短链脂肪酸组合的营养模式。因此，提供一种提高母猪繁殖性能的饲喂组合物具有重要的生产实践意义。
发明内容
针对母猪妊娠早期胚胎损失率较高，母体肠道、生殖道菌群平衡等问题，本技术发明了母猪发情期和妊娠早期低蛋白质日粮配方，并配合添加功能性理想中短链脂肪酸组合。通过改善母猪发情期及妊娠早期营养水平，添加功能性短中链脂肪酸组合达到提高母猪的繁殖性能的目的。
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明提供以下技术方案：
第一方面，本发明提供了中短链脂肪酸组合，包括如下组分：
丁酸钠 0.1～0.12重量份
辛酸 0.05～0.06重量份
月桂酸 0.1～0.12重量份。
在本发明的一些具体方案中，所述的中短链脂肪酸组合包括如下组分：
丁酸钠 0.1重量份
辛酸 0.05重量份
月桂酸 0.1重量份。
第二方面，本发明还提供了所述的中短链脂肪酸组合在制备母猪发情期和/或母猪妊娠期早期日粮中添加剂中的应用。
第三方面，本发明还提供了所述的中短链脂肪酸组合在制备母猪发情期和/或母猪妊娠期早期日粮中的应用。
第四方面，本发明还提供了母猪发情期和/或母猪妊娠期早期日粮中的添加剂，包括所述的中短链脂肪酸组合以及可接受的辅料。
第五方面，本发明还提供了所述的添加剂在制备母猪发情期和/或母猪妊娠期早期日粮中的应用。
第六方面，本发明还提供了母猪发情期和/或母猪妊娠期早期的日粮，包括所述的中短链脂肪酸组合或所述的添加剂，以及基础日粮；
所述的中短链脂肪酸组合或所述的添加剂中各组分占所述日粮的重量百分含量为：
丁酸钠 0.1％～0.12％
辛酸 0.05％～0.06％
月桂酸 0.1％～0.12％。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中，所述的中短链脂肪酸组合或所述的添加剂中各组分占所述日粮的重量百分含量为：
丁酸钠 0.1％
辛酸 0.05％
月桂酸 0.1％。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中，母猪妊娠期早期日粮中，粗蛋白质的重量百分含量为12.49％～12.51％；和/或
母猪发情期日粮中，粗纤维的重量百分含量为：3.49％～3.51％；和/或
母猪妊娠期早期日粮中，粗纤维的重量百分含量为：4.77％～4.79％；和/或
母猪发情期日粮中，L-赖氨酸盐酸盐的重量百分含量为：0.29％～0.30％；和/或
母猪妊娠期早期日粮中，L-赖氨酸盐酸盐的重量百分含量为：0.27％～0.28％；和/或
母猪发情期日粮中，L-苏氨酸的重量百分含量为：0.11％～0.12％；和/或
母猪妊娠期早期日粮中，L-苏氨酸的重量百分含量为：0.09％-0.10％；和/或
母猪发情期日粮中，L-缬氨酸的重量百分含量为：0.09％～0.10％；和/或
母猪妊娠期早期日粮中，L-缬氨酸的重量百分含量为：0.02％～0.03％；和/或
母猪发情期日粮中，DL-蛋氨酸的重量百分含量为：0.05％～0.06％；和/或
母猪妊娠期早期日粮中，DL-蛋氨酸的重量百分含量为：0.02％～0.03％；和/或
母猪发情期日粮中，L-色氨酸的重量百分含量为：0.02％～0.03％；和/或
母猪发情期日粮中，甜菜粕的重量百分含量为：6.3％～6.4％；和/或
母猪妊娠期早期日粮中，甜菜粕的重量百分含量为：8.0％～8.1％。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中，所述基础日粮包括如下组分：
日粮组成(％，饲喂基础)
1每公斤日粮提供以下营养成分：锌，60mg；铁，95mg；铜，10mg；碘，0.35mg；硒，0.3mg；锰，80mg；维生素A，12,000IU；维生素D3，2,750IU；维生素E，30IU；维生素K3，2mg；维生素B12，12μg；维生素B2，6mg；尼克酸，40mg；泛酸，12mg；维生素B6，3mg；生物素，0.2mg。
本发明提供了提高母猪繁殖性能的饲喂组合物，包括两种日粮，其一发情期日粮，包括甜菜粕、L赖氨酸盐酸盐、L-苏氨酸、缬氨酸、DL-蛋氨酸、L-色氨酸、丁酸钠、辛酸、月桂酸。其二为妊娠早期低蛋白质日粮，其特征在于包括甜菜粕、L赖氨酸盐酸盐、L-苏氨酸、缬氨酸、DL-蛋氨酸、丁酸钠、辛酸、月桂酸。本发明配制发情期日粮并添加中短链脂肪酸组合、配制妊娠早期低蛋白质日粮，主要调整赖氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸、蛋氨酸的比例和数量，并添加中短链脂肪酸组合，能提高母猪妊娠早期血液中雌激素的水平，能提高母猪窝产活仔数，降低直肠中有害菌的丰度，保障阴道菌群健康平衡的能力。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。
图1示妊娠14d、28d母猪直肠中微生物门水平组成；注：Con14：对照组妊娠14d样品；Con28：对照组妊娠28d样品；treat14：处理组妊娠14d样品；treat28：处理组妊娠14d样品，下同；
图2示妊娠14d、28d母猪直肠中微生物属水平组成；
图3示妊娠14d、28d母猪直肠微生物组间分布；
图4示妊娠14d、28d母猪直肠中微生物α多样性指数；
图5示妊娠14d、28d母猪直肠微生物主成分分析；
图6示妊娠14d、28d母猪直肠中微生物β多样性指数；
图7示妊娠14d母猪直肠中差异微生物；
图8示妊娠28d母猪直肠中差异微生物；
图9示妊娠14d、28d母猪阴道中微生物门水平组成；
图10示妊娠14d、28d母猪阴道中微生物属水平组成；
图11示妊娠14d、28d母猪阴道微生物组间分布；
图12示妊娠14d、28d母猪阴道中微生物α多样性指数；
图13示妊娠14d、28d母猪阴道微生物主成分分析；
图14示妊娠14d、28d母猪阴道中微生物β多样性指数；
图15示妊娠14d母猪阴道中差异微生物组成；
图16示妊娠28d母猪阴道中差异微生物组成。
具体实施方式
本发明公开了提高母猪繁殖性能的组合物及饲料，本领域技术人员可以借鉴本文内容，适当改进工艺参数实现。特别需要指出的是，所有类似的替换和改动对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的，它们都被视为包括在本发明。本发明的方法及应用已经通过较佳实施例进行了描述，相关人员明显能在不脱离本发明内容、精神和范围内对本文所述的方法和应用进行改动或适当变更与组合，来实现和应用本发明技术。
本发明提供的提高母猪繁殖性能的组合物及饲料中，所用原料及试剂均可有市场购得。
下面结合实施例，进一步阐述本发明：
实施例1试验设计与日粮
试验选取60头刚结束哺乳期的长×大二元经产母猪(长白猪和大白猪杂交而得到的母猪)，按照体重、胎次和背膘随机分为2个处理组(详细信息见表2)，每个处理30头母猪。对照组母猪发情期及妊娠早期饲喂日粮根据表1日粮配方配制，试验组母猪发情期及妊娠早期日粮以表1为基础日粮，并额外添加0.1％丁酸钠钠、0.05％辛酸、0.1％月桂酸。
表1日粮组成(％，饲喂基础)
注：1每公斤日粮提供以下营养成分：锌，60mg；铁，95mg；铜，10mg；碘，0.35mg；硒，0.3mg；锰，80mg；维生素A，12,000IU；维生素D3，2,750IU；维生素E，30IU；维生素K3，2mg；维生素B12，12μg；维生素B2，6mg；尼克酸，40mg；泛酸，12mg；维生素B6，3mg；生物素，0.2mg。
实施例2饲养管理
试验在中国农业大学河北丰宁动物试验基地进行。待母猪断奶后，在发情期集中于配种舍进行饲喂，为期6-7天，每头母猪单栏饲养，每天饲喂两次(早上6：00，下午15.30)，配种前，每次1.5kg日粮，配种后进行限饲，每次饲喂1.25kg日粮，自由饮水。配种为期2天，采用静立试情，人工授精精的方法，在确认发情后的第一天上午、下午，第二天上午各人工授精1次。配种完成后，母猪集中转移至妊娠舍饲养，每头母猪单栏饲养，每天饲喂两次(早上6：00，下午15.30)，每次饲喂1.25kg，自由饮水。在妊娠舍饲养28天，妊娠中期之后所有处理组统一采用试验基地同一种母猪普通妊娠日粮饲喂至分娩。
实施例3样品采集
3.1血液样品
每个处理随机选取5头母猪，于妊娠28d当天清晨空腹采集前腔静脉血5mL，放入不含抗凝剂的采血管中，室温静置1小时后3500r/min离心10分钟，收集血清后于-20℃保存，待测。
3.2直肠微生物
每个处理的所有母猪妊娠14d、28d上午，用15cm无菌棉签从母猪肛门处擦拭直肠部位微生物，随即将棉签头部折断于1.5mL冻存管内，并立即于液氮中快速冷冻，之后冻存于-80℃，待测。
3.3阴道微生物
每个处理的所有母猪14d、28d上午，用15cm无菌棉签从母猪阴道处擦拭直肠部位微生物，随即将棉签头部折断于1.5mL冻存管内，并立即于液氮中快速冷冻，之后冻存于-80℃，待测。
实施例4指标测定与方法
4.1母猪繁殖性能记录
4.1.1母猪体重及背膘的测定
分别于母猪配种、妊娠0d、妊娠28d当天清晨空腹称重，采用超声波背膘仪测量母猪P2点背膘厚度。
4.1.2母猪产仔性能的测定和计算
母猪分娩24h内记录每头母猪产仔数、产活仔数、死胎数、弱仔数(体重小于0.4kg以下)、木乃伊数、总活仔窝重。其中：
总产仔数＝产活仔猪数+死胎数+木乃伊数+畸形数
4.2母猪血清激素及胆固醇测定
母猪血清中雌二醇、孕酮及胆固醇的激素含量由北方生物技术有限公司测定。
4.3母猪直肠微生物多样性测定
直肠样品DNA提取、16S rRNA基因的扩增与文库构建、基因测序以及之后的序列拆分、去除barcode、引物均由上海美吉生物医药有限公司完成。
后续数据分析大致操作步骤如下：
1.利用qiime2.0软件q2-Vsearch插件中join-pairs方法进行双端数据合并。
2.利用qiime2.0软件中quality-filter方法对序列进行质控。
3.利用qiime2.0软件DADA2插件进行去噪。
4.利用qime2.0软件中feature-table方法生成OUT表(Operation Taxonomic
Units)。
5.利用qiime2.0软件phylogeny插件中align-to-tree-mafft-fasttree程序进行多序列比对、过滤去除高变区、生成有无根树。
6.利用qiime2.0软件feature-classifier插件classify-sklearn程序和"gg-13-8-99-515-806-nb-classifier.qza"分类器对每个OUT进行分类学注释，得到每个样品在界、门、纲、目、科、属等各个分类上的组成。
7.使用qiime2.0软件对每个样本的Alpha多样性(物种组成丰度及均匀度)，以及样本间的Beta多样性(不同样本微生物群落间的相似性)进行计算，得到香农指数(Shannonindex)、sobs指数(OUT数目)、菌群相似性距离矩阵等。另一方面，基于Unfrac距离以及Bray-curtis距离矩阵对样品进行主坐标轴分析(PrincipalCoordinates Analysis，PCoA)，对样品进行聚类，从而得到不同样品和分组间的群落结构差异。
4.4母猪阴道微生物多样性测定
试验方法同4.3。
实施例5统计分析
试验得到符合正态分布与非正态分布的两种数据类型。对于正态分布的数据，采用SPSS统计软件中的Student’s T-test检验分别对两组数据进行差异显著性分析。统计结果以P<0.05为差异显著，P<0.01为差异极显著，0.05<P<0.1为具有趋势。对于Alpha多样性、Beta多样性以及微生物的相对丰度等数据采用非参数检验的方法，分别使用MannWhitneyU test和Kruskal-Wallis test对两组或多组数据进行统计分析与比较。效应量线型判别分析(Linear discriminant analysis effect size，LEfSe)是一种基于Kruskal-Wallistest非参数检验的线型判别分析(Linear discriminant analysis，LDA)方法，常用来发现高维数据中的生物标记物，可以实现多个分组间的比较，并在分组比较间的内部进行单组比较。本研究用LEfSe分析对造成组间微生物群落差异的标记细菌进行寻找，阈值设定为2.0(LDA＝2.0)。R软件(版本3.4.5)中ggpubr和pheatmap程序包用于绘制箱线图和热图来显示差异微生物的变化。Spearman correlation用于检验不同样本中微生物之间的相互关系。
效果例1发情期和妊娠期日粮添加中短链脂肪酸组合对母猪体况的影响
表2显示了不同处理对母猪体况的影响，由表可知母猪发情期及妊娠早期日粮添加中短链脂肪酸组合对母猪体重，妊娠早期背膘厚均无影响(P>0.05)。
表2不同处理对母猪体况的影响
效果例2发情期和妊娠期日粮添加中短链脂肪酸组合对母猪繁殖性能的影响
表3显示了不同处理对母猪繁殖性能的影响，由表可知母猪发情期及妊娠早期日粮添加中短链脂肪酸组合有提高总产仔数的趋势(P＝0.078)。相比于对照组，处理组能极显著提高窝产活仔数(P<0.01)，此外还具有提高活仔窝重的趋势(P＝0.09)。处理对于平均初生重、公母数、弱仔数、死胎数、畸形数、木乃伊数均无影响(P>0.05)。
表3不同处理对母猪繁殖性能的影响
效果例3发情期和妊娠期日粮添加中短链脂肪酸组合对血液类固醇激素及血液代谢产物的影响
表4显示了不同处理对母猪妊娠28天血液中雌、孕激素的影响，由表可知处理组日粮添加中短链脂肪酸组合能显著提高母猪妊娠28d血液中雌二醇的含量(P<0.05)，这有利于妊娠早期母胎稳定以及之后的妊娠结局。表5表明不同处理对母猪妊娠28d血液脂质代谢相关的胆固醇类合成无影响(P>0.05)。
表4母猪妊娠28d血液中雌二醇和孕酮的含量
表5母猪妊娠28d血液中总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的含量
效果例4发情期和妊娠期日粮添加中短链脂肪酸组合对母猪直肠微生物的影响
图1显示了不同处理，不同妊娠日期母猪直肠中微生物门水平组成情况，处理组和对照组均以放线菌门(Acidobacteriota)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)、弯杆菌门(Campilobacterota)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、梭杆菌门(Fusobacteriota)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)为优势菌群。图2则显示了属水平母猪直肠微生物组成情况，处理组和对照组中厌氧球菌属(Anaerococcus)、大肠杆菌-志贺菌属(Escherichia-Shigella)、卟啉菌属(Porphyromonas)、梭菌属_sensu_stricto(Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1)、普雷沃氏菌(Prevotella)为主要的属水平微生物。图3表明了不同组间物种组成的分布，处理组独有微生物占2.7％，对照组独有微生物占3.5％。图4、5显示了不同处理、不同妊娠日期母猪直肠微生物的α多样性，由图可知，处理组和对照组之间的α多样性不存在差异。图6则表明了处理组和对照组之间微生物的β多样性，同样，日粮的处理不能影响各组间微生物的β多样性，以上结果均表明，日粮添加中短链脂肪酸组合对母猪妊娠早期直肠中微生物的多样性无显著影响。图7、图8和表6、表7为LEfSe秩和检验结果，图7和表8表明了妊娠第14天处理组和对照组中丰度具有显著差异的微生物。对照组母猪直肠中克林斯菌属丰度显著高于处理组；处理组中微球菌属、红球菌属、毛螺旋菌科_NK4A136_group属、伯克氏菌科_Caballeronia_Paraburkholderia属的丰度显著高于对照组。图8和表7表明了妊娠第28天两组间丰度存在显著差异的微生物。对照组中化脓隐秘杆菌属、脱硫弧菌属、魏斯氏菌属、韦荣氏菌属丰度显著高于处理组，而隐秘杆菌属、Candidatus_Saccharimonas属在处理组中丰度显著高于对照组。由上述结果可知，日粮添加中短链脂肪酸组合对母猪直肠微生物多样性无显著的影响，但已知常见致病菌中，相较于对照组，妊娠28天处理组中与肠道致病致病相关菌化脓隐秘杆菌(Trueperella)的丰度显著降低，而有益菌Candidatus_Saccharimonas属(Candidatus_Saccharimonas)的丰度升高。
表6妊娠14d母猪直肠中差异微生物P值表
表7妊娠28d母猪直肠中差异微生物P值表
效果例5发情期和妊娠期日粮添加中短链脂肪酸组合对母猪阴道微生物的影响
图9显示了不同处理，不同妊娠日期母猪阴道中微生物门水平组成情况，处理组和对照组也均以放线菌门(Acidobacteriota)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)、弯杆菌门(Campilobacterota)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、梭杆菌门(Fusobacteriota)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)为优势菌群。图10则显示了属水平母猪阴道微生物组成情况，处理组和对照组中不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)、厌氧球菌属(Anaerococcus)、棒状杆菌属(Corynebacterium)、大肠杆菌-志贺菌属(Escherichia-Shigella)、卟啉菌属(Porphyromonas)、肠球菌属(Campylobacter)等为主要的属水平微生物。图11表明了不同组间物种组成的分布，处理组独有微生物占1.3％，对照组独有微生物占3.1％。图12、13显示了不同处理、不同妊娠日期母猪直肠微生物的α多样性，由图可知，处理组和对照组之间的α多样性不存在差异。图14则表明了处理组和对照组之间微生物的β多样性，由图可知妊娠第28天处理组和对照组微生物β多样性存在显著差异(P<0.05)。图15、16和表8、9为LEfSe秩和检验结果，图15和表8表明了妊娠第14天处理组和对照组中丰度具有显著差异的微生物。对照组母猪阴道中罗氏菌属、巨型球菌属、代尔夫特菌属、大肠杆菌志贺菌属、假单胞菌属丰度显著高于处理组；处理组的DNF00809属、肉杆菌属、克里斯滕森菌科_R-7菌属、八叠球菌属、Howardella属、Moryella属、厌氧球菌属、创伤球菌属、韦荣氏菌属、梭杆菌属、TM7α属丰度显著高于对照组。图16和表9表明了妊娠第28天两组间丰度存在显著差异的微生物。对照组中Iamia属、迪茨氏菌属、红球菌属、短杆菌属、微球菌属、普雷沃菌属_NK3B31_group、特吕珀菌属、脱硫弧菌属、梭菌科_sensu_stricto_1属、毛螺旋菌科_XPB1014_group、伯克氏菌属丰度显著高于处理组，而Muri菌属、拟普雷沃菌属、铁杆菌属、稳杆菌属、巨型球菌属、瘤胃球菌__gnavus_group、毛螺旋菌科_NK4A136_group、Negativicoccus属在处理组中丰度显著高于对照组。由以上结果可知，日粮添加中短链脂肪酸组合能促进母猪阴道菌群平衡。相较于对照组，处理组中与阴道致病性相关的菌属如大肠杆菌志贺菌属(Escherichia_Shigella)、假单胞杆菌属(Pseudomonas)、普雷沃菌属_NK4A136_group(Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group)、梭菌科_sensu_stricto_1属(Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1)等丰度显著降低，而有益于阴道健康的菌属韦荣氏菌属(Veillonella)丰度要高于对照组。因此饲喂日粮添加中短链脂肪酸组合的母猪阴道微生物的菌群中有害菌相对较少，菌群更健康、平衡。
表8妊娠14d母猪阴道中差异微生物P值表
表9妊娠28d母猪阴道中差异微生物P值表
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (2)
1.一种提高母猪繁殖性能的日粮，其特征在于，包括中短链脂肪酸组合或含有中短链脂肪酸组合的添加剂，以及基础日粮；
所述中短链脂肪酸组合中各组分占所述日粮的重量百分含量为：
丁酸钠，0.1%~0.12%；辛酸，0.05%~0.06%；月桂酸，0.1%~0.12%；
所述基础日粮包括如下组分：
发情期的所述基础日粮包括如下组分：
玉米，61.94%；大豆粕，15.5%；膨化大豆，5%；甜菜粕，6.3%；鱼粉，3%；葡萄糖，3%；大豆油，1.3%；磷酸氢钙，1.53%；石粉，0.82%；
预混料，0.5%；食盐，0.4%；L-赖氨酸盐酸盐，0.29%；氯化胆碱，0.15%；纯度98.5%的L-苏氨酸，0.11%；缬氨酸，0.09%；DL-蛋氨酸，0.05%；色氨酸，0.02%；
妊娠期的所述基础日粮包括如下组分：
玉米，61.71%；大豆粕，17.5%；小麦麸，8.1%；甜菜粕，8%；大豆油，0.8%；磷酸氢钙，1.31%；石粉，1.18%；
预混料，0.5%；食盐，0.35%；L-赖氨酸盐酸盐，0.27%；纯度为50%的氯化胆碱，0.15%；纯度为98.5%的L-苏氨酸，0.09%；缬氨酸，0.02%；DL-蛋氨酸，0.02%；
每公斤日粮中的预混料提供以下营养成分：锌，60 mg；铁，95 mg；铜，10 mg；碘，0.35mg；硒，0.3 mg；锰，80 mg；维生素A，12,000 IU；维生素D3，2,750 IU；维生素E，30 IU；维生素K3，2 mg；维生素B12，12 μg；维生素B2，6 mg；尼克酸，40 mg；泛酸，12 mg；维生素B6，3 mg；生物素，0.2 mg。
2.如权利要求1所述的日粮，其特征在于，所述中短链脂肪酸组合中各组分占所述日粮的重量百分含量为：
丁酸钠，0.1%；辛酸，0.05%；月桂酸，0.1%。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111284574.2A CN114223793B (zh) | 2021-11-01 | 2021-11-01 | 提高母猪繁殖性能的组合物及饲料 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111284574.2A CN114223793B (zh) | 2021-11-01 | 2021-11-01 | 提高母猪繁殖性能的组合物及饲料 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114223793A CN114223793A (zh) | 2022-03-25 |
| CN114223793B true CN114223793B (zh) | 2023-07-25 |
Family
ID=80743544
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111284574.2A Active CN114223793B (zh) | 2021-11-01 | 2021-11-01 | 提高母猪繁殖性能的组合物及饲料 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114223793B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116019176A (zh) * | 2022-11-09 | 2023-04-28 | 哈尔滨市华农威普动物保健品有限公司 | 一种母猪围产期功能性饲料添加剂与饲喂方法 |
| CN117121984A (zh) * | 2023-10-28 | 2023-11-28 | 潍坊天普阳光饲料科技有限公司 | 功能性母猪配合饲料及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103250900B (zh) * | 2013-04-28 | 2014-11-19 | 中国农业大学 | 一种提高妊娠母猪繁殖性能的日粮 |
| WO2015052672A1 (en) * | 2013-10-09 | 2015-04-16 | Nutrition Sciences N.V. | Composition of medium-chain fatty acids and feed supplemented with composition |
| CN107125444A (zh) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-09-05 | 上海优久生物科技有限公司 | 一种短中链脂肪酸甘油酯与乳酸的复合物和制法及其应用 |
-
2021
- 2021-11-01 CN CN202111284574.2A patent/CN114223793B/zh active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114223793A (zh) | 2022-03-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Böhmer et al. | Dietary probiotic supplementation and resulting effects on performance, health status, and microbial characteristics of primiparous sows | |
| CN114223793B (zh) | 提高母猪繁殖性能的组合物及饲料 | |
| Lee et al. | Long-term effects of dietary cottonseed meal on growth and reproductive performance of rainbow trout: three-year study | |
| Kyriakis et al. | Experimental studies on safety and efficacy of the dietary use of a clinoptilolite-rich tuff in sows: a review of recent research in Greece | |
| Ribeiro et al. | Iodine‐enriched rotifers and Artemia prevent goitre in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) larvae reared in a recirculation system | |
| Xue et al. | The effect of the ratio of standardized ileal digestible lysine to metabolizable energy on growth performance, blood metabolites and hormones of lactating sows | |
| Silva et al. | Effect of rumen-protected methionine supplementation to beef cows during the periconception period on performance of cows, calves, and subsequent offspring | |
| Yang et al. | Dietary fiber in a low-protein diet during gestation affects nitrogen excretion in primiparous gilts, with possible influences from the gut microbiota | |
| Garg | Effect of oral administration of l-thyroxine (T 4) on growth performance, digestibility, and nutrient retention in Channa punctatus (Bloch) and Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) | |
| Sterndale et al. | Increasing dietary tryptophan in conjunction with decreasing other large neutral amino acids increases weight gain and feed intake in weaner pigs regardless of experimental infection with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli | |
| Ye et al. | Protein digestion kinetics influence maternal protein loss, litter growth, and nitrogen utilization in lactating sows | |
| Muhizi et al. | Effect of dietary salicylic acid supplementation on performance and blood metabolites of sows and their litters | |
| Wang et al. | Effects of dietary sodium acetate on growth, intestinal microbiota composition, and ammonia tolerance of juvenile yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco | |
| Sutriana et al. | Galactooligosaccharide and a combination of yeast and β-glucan supplements enhance growth and improve intestinal condition in striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus fed soybean meal diets | |
| Zhao et al. | Effects of low‐protein diet supplementation with alpha‐ketoglutarate on growth performance, nitrogen metabolism and mTOR signalling pathway of skeletal muscle in piglets | |
| CN112868928B (zh) | 香味剂在调节母猪肠道微生物和提高繁殖性能中的应用 | |
| Danek et al. | Influence of the lecithin emulsifier on the utilisation of nutrients and growth of piglets after weaning | |
| Necula et al. | Nutritional and genetical factors influencing Nitrogen metabolism and excretion in dairy cows: A review | |
| Huang et al. | Effects of replacing wheat bran with palm kernel cake or fermented palm kernel cake on the growth performance, intestinal microbiota and intestinal health of tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus) | |
| Bandeen et al. | Changes in the proximate composition of juvenile white suckers following re-feeding after a prolonged fast | |
| Pormohammad et al. | The effect of biofloc produced from a fish farming system on nutrients digestibility, rumen fermentation, feeding behavior, and blood parameters of Najdi goats | |
| Yurina et al. | The study of new feed additives in the ration in newly-calved high producing cows | |
| Fei et al. | Effects of essential amino acids supplementation in a low-protein diet on growth performance, intestinal health and microbiota of juvenile blotched snakehead (Channa maculata) | |
| Yu et al. | Unveiling the role of dietary protein and lipid levels in modulating digestive and absorptive capacities of a newly cultured fish species Sinilabeo rendahli | |
| Fan et al. | Application of fish protein hydrolysates in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) diets for fish meal sparing: Evidence from growth, intestinal health and microflora composition |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |