CN114223491A - 一种提高花生固氮能力的方法 - Google Patents
一种提高花生固氮能力的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114223491A CN114223491A CN202111551650.1A CN202111551650A CN114223491A CN 114223491 A CN114223491 A CN 114223491A CN 202111551650 A CN202111551650 A CN 202111551650A CN 114223491 A CN114223491 A CN 114223491A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- leaves
- nitrogen fixation
- peanuts
- seeds
- fixation capacity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 241001553178 Arachis glabrata Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- ZNJFBWYDHIGLCU-HWKXXFMVSA-N jasmonic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C[C@@H]1[C@@H](CC(O)=O)CCC1=O ZNJFBWYDHIGLCU-HWKXXFMVSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229930192334 Auxin Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-VRESXRICSA-N Brassinolide Natural products O=C1OC[C@@H]2[C@@H]3[C@@](C)([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](C(C)C)C)C)CC3)CC[C@@H]2[C@]2(C)[C@@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C2 IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-VRESXRICSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002363 auxin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-KNBKMWSGSA-N brassinolide Chemical compound C1OC(=O)[C@H]2C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@]2(C)[C@H]2CC[C@]3(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)C(C)C)CC[C@H]3[C@@H]21 IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-KNBKMWSGSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-acetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- ZNJFBWYDHIGLCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N jasmonic acid Natural products CCC=CCC1C(CC(O)=O)CCC1=O ZNJFBWYDHIGLCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- JLIDBLDQVAYHNE-YKALOCIXSA-N (+)-Abscisic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)/C=C(/C)\C=C\[C@@]1(O)C(C)=CC(=O)CC1(C)C JLIDBLDQVAYHNE-YKALOCIXSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- FCRACOPGPMPSHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N desoxyabscisic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C(C)C=CC1C(C)=CC(=O)CC1(C)C FCRACOPGPMPSHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- UDPGUMQDCGORJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CCCl UDPGUMQDCGORJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005976 Ethephon Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- JLIDBLDQVAYHNE-LXGGSRJLSA-N 2-cis-abscisic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)/C=C(/C)\C=C\C1(O)C(C)=CC(=O)CC1(C)C JLIDBLDQVAYHNE-LXGGSRJLSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005730 Azoxystrobin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005760 Difenoconazole Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005842 Thiophanate-methyl Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WFDXOXNFNRHQEC-GHRIWEEISA-N azoxystrobin Chemical compound CO\C=C(\C(=O)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1OC1=CC(OC=2C(=CC=CC=2)C#N)=NC=N1 WFDXOXNFNRHQEC-GHRIWEEISA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BQYJATMQXGBDHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N difenoconazole Chemical compound O1C(C)COC1(C=1C(=CC(OC=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)=CC=1)Cl)CN1N=CN=C1 BQYJATMQXGBDHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate-methyl Chemical compound COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003967 crop rotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000024121 nodulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/42—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing within the same carbon skeleton a carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a carbon atom having only two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. keto-carboxylic acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom rings with more than six members
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种提高花生固氮能力的方法,属于农作物培养技术领域。所述方法包括提出高固氮能力花生品种标准并选择利用,随后用10‑15g生长素(IAA)、15‑20g茉莉酸、20‑30g油菜素内酯浸种25kg花生种,并采用丛枝菌根菌拌种,及施用低N、高P、高Mo配比的肥料;其次保持生育期土壤疏松,且播种时土壤相对含水量60‑70%,垄高15cm,膜厚0.008mm,无需灌溉;最后利用ACC、ABA诱导侧根快速生长,及延长叶片功能期,加强叶斑防治,延长根瘤的功能期;并加强田间病虫害管理,防止叶片早衰脱落。通过本发明公开的方法能有效降低氮肥用量,提高磷肥利用率,增加开花数和结果数,增产可达10%以上,适于推广。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于农作物培养技术领域,具体提供一种提高花生固氮能力的方法。
背景技术
空气中约76%是氮气,氮素是植物生长的主要营养元素,不同的植物具有不同的固氮能力。随着农业生产的发展,大量使用化肥,特别是氮肥是增产的重要措施,但是过多的施用氮肥造成土壤富营养化,改变土壤结构,污染径流水体,降低土壤可持续生产能力,降低化肥的使用成为必然的选择。
利用植物的固氮能力是一种行之有效的策略。植物固氮包括共生固氮和非共生固氮。花生是一种豆科植物,同时具有共生固氮和非共生固氮能力,当与非豆科作物轮作或间作时,能有效的增加土壤中氮素含量,促进作物的生长。据研究表明,花生的根瘤形成始于5-6片叶,主要集中于上胚轴形成的主根和侧根上,与品种和冠层高度相关,侧根原基的形成受生长素和油菜素内酯的调节,侧根的生长则受到ABA(脱落酸)和ACC(乙烯)的影响。而非共生固氮则受细根数、土壤养分、土壤PH值和土壤透气性等的影响。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的是针对现有技术中存在的问题,提供一种提高花生固氮能力的方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种提高花生固氮能力的方法,所述方法具体包括如下步骤:
(1)提出高固氮能力花生品种标准并选择利用:主根略短,10-15cm;侧根发达,60-80根;分枝数略少,6-8个,粗壮;冠层略高,主径节数22-24个;叶片功能期长,带青成熟,成熟时5-7片绿叶;结果集中,饱果率高,85%以上;
(2)用浸种液浸种,以诱导生长侧根,且所述浸种液的组成成份:10-15g生长素(IAA)、15-20g茉莉酸、20-30g油菜素内酯浸种25kg花生种;
需要说明的是,所述生长素(IAA),无色叶状晶体或结晶性粉末,促进根系侧根原基的形成。茉莉酸(JA),无色结晶性粉末,影响植物对N、P的吸收和葡萄糖等有机物的运输。油菜素内酯白色晶体粉末,激发植物内在潜能,促进作物生长和增加作物产量,提高作物的耐冷性,提高作物的抗病、抗盐能力,使作物的耐逆性增强。
(3)采用丛枝菌根菌拌种,提高花生的非共生固氮能力和抗逆性;
所述丛枝菌根菌在植物抗病、抗盐碱、抗旱有重要的作用,同时在土壤修复中起到重要影响,能够提高植物的非共生固氮能力。
(4)施用低N、高P、高Mo配比的肥料,提高花生的固氮能力,且所述肥料的组成成份:硫酸铵15-20kg,磷酸一铵20-25kg,硫酸钾10-15kg,钼酸铵1-1.5kg;及在起垄播种覆膜时,将肥料撒施覆于垄土内;
所述硫酸铵是无色结晶或白色颗粒,含氮量21.2%;磷酸一铵是一种白色的晶体,含氮量12.17%,含磷量26.96%;硫酸钾是无色或白色结晶、颗粒或粉末,含钾量50.56%;钼酸铵为白色粉末,含钼量53.8%。
(5)保持生育期土壤疏松,利于根系的生长;且播种时土壤相对含水量60-70%,垄高15cm,膜厚0.008mm,无需灌溉;
(6)利用ACC、ABA诱导侧根快速生长,并扩大侧根及增加根瘤的数量;
值得说明的是,所述脱落酸(ABA)是白色结晶粉末,具有抑制侧根数量增加,促进侧根生长的作用;乙烯利淡棕色液体,植物吸收后释放出乙烯(ACC),诱导侧根生长,增强非共生固氮能力。
(7)延长叶片功能期,加强叶斑防治,延长根瘤的功能期;并强田间病虫害管理,防止叶片早衰脱落。
优选的,浸种液的具体调制方法:每25kg花生种,用10-15g生长素(IAA)、15-20g茉莉酸、20-30g油菜素内酯,先用少量甲醇溶解,再加水5kg;且浸种时间为2h,每30min搅拌一次。
优选的,所述丛枝菌根菌(AMF)的活性为1.0-1.5亿个/g,每25kg花生种用量80-100g,且在花生播种前拌种。
优选的,所述步骤(6)中,利用ACC、ABA诱导侧根快速生长的具体操作步骤为:当植株6-7片叶时,叶面喷施100-150PPM的脱落酸(ABA),每亩40-50kg;当植株9-10片叶时,叶面喷施150-200PPM的乙烯利,每亩40-50kg。
优选的,所述步骤(7)中的具体操作步骤为:收获前1个月,叶面喷施50%甲基硫菌灵100g、25%苯醚甲环唑50ml、12.5%嘧菌酯40ml,每7天1次,连续两次。
经由上述技术方案可知,与现有技术相比,本发明提供了一种提高花生固氮能力的方法,具有如下优异效果:
通过本发明公开的方法能有效降低氮肥用量,提高磷肥利用率,增加开花数和结果数,增产可达10%以上。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例对本发明公开的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例公开了一种提高花生固氮能力的方法。
为更好地理解本发明,下面通过以下具体实施例对本发明作进一步具体的阐述,但不可理解为对本发明的限定,对于本领域的技术人员根据上述发明内容所作的一些非本质的改进与调整,也视为落在本发明的保护范围内。
实施例1:
一种提高花生固氮能力的方法,所述方法具体包括如下步骤:
(1)提出高固氮能力花生品种标准并选择利用:主根略短,10-15cm;侧根发达,60-80根;分枝数略少,6-8个,粗壮;冠层略高,主径节数22-24个;叶片功能期长,带青成熟,成熟时5-7片绿叶;结果集中,饱果率高,85%以上;
(2)用10g生长素(IAA)、15g茉莉酸、30g油菜素内酯浸种25kg花生种,先用少量甲醇溶解,再加水5kg;且浸种时间为2h,每30min搅拌一次,以诱导生长侧根;
(3)采用丛枝菌根菌(活性为1.0-1.5亿个/g)拌种,以提高花生的非共生固氮能力和抗逆性,每25kg花生种用量85g,且在花生播种前拌种;
(4)施用低N、高P、高Mo配比的肥料,提高花生的固氮能力;其中,所述提高固氮能力每亩施用的肥料组成为:硫酸铵15kg,磷酸一铵20kg,硫酸钾10kg,钼酸铵1.5kg;且在起垄播种覆膜时,将肥料撒施覆于垄土内;
(5)保持生育期土壤疏松,利于根系的生长;且播种时土壤相对含水量60-70%,垄高15cm,膜厚0.008mm,无需灌溉;
(6)利用ACC、ABA诱导侧根快速生长,并扩大侧根及增加根瘤的数量;其中,利用ACC、ABA诱导侧根快速生长的具体操作步骤为:当植株6-7片叶时,叶面喷施100PPM的脱落酸(ABA),每亩50kg;当植株9-10片叶时,叶面喷施150PPM的乙烯利,每亩40kg;
(7)收获前1个月,叶面喷施50%甲基硫菌灵100g、25%苯醚甲环唑50ml、12.5%嘧菌酯40ml,每7天1次,连续两次,以延长叶片功能期,加强叶斑防治,延长根瘤的功能期;并强田间病虫害管理,防止叶片早衰脱落。
实施例2:
一种提高花生固氮能力的方法,所述方法具体包括如下步骤:
(1)提出高固氮能力花生品种标准并选择利用:主根略短,10-15cm;侧根发达,60-80根;分枝数略少,6-8个,粗壮;冠层略高,主径节数22-24个;叶片功能期长,带青成熟,成熟时5-7片绿叶;结果集中,饱果率高,85%以上;
(2)用12g生长素(IAA)、18g茉莉酸、25g油菜素内酯浸种25kg花生种,先用少量甲醇溶解,再加水5kg;且浸种时间为2h,每30min搅拌一次,以诱导生长侧根;
(3)采用丛枝菌根菌(活性为1.0-1.5亿个/g)拌种,以提高花生的非共生固氮能力和抗逆性,每25kg花生种用量85g,且在花生播种前拌种;
(4)施用低N、高P、高Mo配比的肥料,提高花生的固氮能力;其中,所述提高固氮能力每亩施用的肥料组成为:硫酸铵18kg,磷酸一铵22kg,硫酸钾13kg,钼酸铵1.2kg;且在起垄播种覆膜时,将肥料撒施覆于垄土内;
(5)保持生育期土壤疏松,利于根系的生长;且播种时土壤相对含水量60-70%,垄高15cm,膜厚0.008mm,无需灌溉;
(6)利用ACC、ABA诱导侧根快速生长,并扩大侧根及增加根瘤的数量;其中,利用ACC、ABA诱导侧根快速生长的具体操作步骤为:当植株6-7片叶时,叶面喷施120PPM的脱落酸(ABA),每亩45kg;当植株9-10片叶时,叶面喷施180PPM的乙烯利,每亩45kg;
(7)收获前1个月,叶面喷施50%甲基硫菌灵100g、25%苯醚甲环唑50ml、12.5%嘧菌酯40ml,每7天1次,连续两次,以延长叶片功能期,加强叶斑防治,延长根瘤的功能期;并强田间病虫害管理,防止叶片早衰脱落。
实施例3:
一种提高花生固氮能力的方法,所述方法具体包括如下步骤:
(1)提出高固氮能力花生品种标准并选择利用:主根略短,10-15cm;侧根发达,60-80根;分枝数略少,6-8个,粗壮;冠层略高,主径节数22-24个;叶片功能期长,带青成熟,成熟时5-7片绿叶;结果集中,饱果率高,85%以上;
(2)用15g生长素(IAA)、20g茉莉酸、20g油菜素内酯浸种25kg花生种,先用少量甲醇溶解,再加水5kg;且浸种时间为2h,每30min搅拌一次,以诱导生长侧根;
(3)采用丛枝菌根菌(活性为1.0-1.5亿个/g)拌种,以提高花生的非共生固氮能力和抗逆性,每25kg花生种用量100g,且在花生播种前拌种;
(4)施用低N、高P、高Mo配比的肥料,提高花生的固氮能力;其中,所述提高固氮能力每亩施用的肥料组成为:硫酸铵20kg,磷酸一铵25kg,硫酸钾15kg,钼酸铵1kg;且在起垄播种覆膜时,将肥料撒施覆于垄土内;
(5)保持生育期土壤疏松,利于根系的生长;且播种时土壤相对含水量60-70%,垄高15cm,膜厚0.008mm,无需灌溉;
(6)利用ACC、ABA诱导侧根快速生长,并扩大侧根及增加根瘤的数量;其中,利用ACC、ABA诱导侧根快速生长的具体操作步骤为:当植株6-7片叶时,叶面喷施150PPM的脱落酸(ABA),每亩50kg;当植株9-10片叶时,叶面喷施200PPM的乙烯利,每亩50kg;
(7)收获前1个月,叶面喷施50%甲基硫菌灵100g、25%苯醚甲环唑50ml、12.5%嘧菌酯40ml,每7天1次,连续两次,以延长叶片功能期,加强叶斑防治,延长根瘤的功能期;并强田间病虫害管理,防止叶片早衰脱落。
本发明内容不仅限于上述各实施例的内容,其中一个或几个实施例的组合同样也可以实现本发明目的。
对比例1:
不实施浸种、拌种、激素诱导,其余等同实施例1
对比例2:
常规方法管理。
为了进一步验证本发明的优异效果,发明人还进行了如下实验:
通过本发明公开的方法能有效降低氮肥用量,提高磷肥利用率,增加开花数和结果数,增产可达10%以上。
对象 | 氮肥用量(kg) | 单株果数(个) | 磷肥用量(kg) | 产量(kg) |
实施例1 | 6.614 | 16.8 | 5.392 | 443.2 |
实施例2 | 7.650 | 17.4 | 5.9312 | 454.6 |
实施例3 | 8.557 | 18.3 | 6.74 | 462.4 |
对比例1 | 6.614 | 15.3 | 5.392 | 411.4 |
对比例2 | 8.557 | 14.7 | 5.392 | 401.3 |
综合上述数据分析可知,通过本发明公开提高花生固氮能力的方法可有效降低氮肥用量29.38%,提高磷肥利用率20%,且使得单株果数增加24.49%,增产15.23%。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种提高花生固氮能力的方法,其特征在于,所述方法具体包括如下步骤:
(1)提出高固氮能力花生品种标准并选择利用:主根略短,10-15cm;侧根发达,60-80根;分枝数略少,6-8个,粗壮;冠层略高,主径节数22-24个;叶片功能期长,带青成熟,成熟时5-7片绿叶;结果集中,饱果率高,85%以上;
(2)用浸种液浸种,以诱导生长侧根,且所述浸种液的组成成份:10-15g生长素(IAA)、15-20g茉莉酸、20-30g油菜素内酯浸种25kg花生种;
(3)采用丛枝菌根菌拌种,提高花生的非共生固氮能力和抗逆性;
(4)施用低N、高P、高Mo配比的肥料,提高花生的固氮能力,且所述肥料的组成成份:硫酸铵15-20kg,磷酸一铵20-25kg,硫酸钾10-15kg,钼酸铵1-1.5kg;及在起垄播种覆膜时,将肥料撒施覆于垄土内;
(5)保持生育期土壤疏松,利于根系的生长;且播种时土壤相对含水量60-70%,垄高15cm,膜厚0.008mm,无需灌溉;
(6)利用ACC、ABA诱导侧根快速生长,并扩大侧根及增加根瘤的数量;
(7)延长叶片功能期,加强叶斑防治,延长根瘤的功能期;并强田间病虫害管理,防止叶片早衰脱落。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高花生固氮能力的方法,其特征在于,浸种液的具体调制方法:每25kg花生种,用10-15g生长素(IAA)、15-20g茉莉酸、20-30g油菜素内酯,先用少量甲醇溶解,再加水5kg;且浸种时间为2h,每30min搅拌一次。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高花生固氮能力的方法,其特征在于,所述丛枝菌根菌(AMF)的活性为1.0-1.5亿个/g,每25kg花生种用量80-100g,且在花生播种前拌种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高花生固氮能力的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(6)中,利用ACC、ABA诱导侧根快速生长的具体操作步骤为:当植株6-7片叶时,叶面喷施100-150PPM的脱落酸(ABA),每亩40-50kg;当植株9-10片叶时,叶面喷施150-200PPM的乙烯利,每亩40-50kg。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种提高花生固氮能力的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(7)中的具体操作步骤为:收获前1个月,叶面喷施50%甲基硫菌灵100g、25%苯醚甲环唑50ml、12.5%嘧菌酯40ml,每7天1次,连续两次。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202111551650.1A CN114223491A (zh) | 2021-12-17 | 2021-12-17 | 一种提高花生固氮能力的方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202111551650.1A CN114223491A (zh) | 2021-12-17 | 2021-12-17 | 一种提高花生固氮能力的方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN114223491A true CN114223491A (zh) | 2022-03-25 |
Family
ID=80757874
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202111551650.1A Pending CN114223491A (zh) | 2021-12-17 | 2021-12-17 | 一种提高花生固氮能力的方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN114223491A (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116326444A (zh) * | 2023-03-07 | 2023-06-27 | 辽宁省农业科学院 | 一种沙化耕地禾本科与豆科作物复合种植固氮培肥方法 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103733855A (zh) * | 2013-12-22 | 2014-04-23 | 黄翔 | 山花15号花生高产精细栽培方法 |
CN105794439A (zh) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 王丕杰 | 一种黑花生种植方法 |
CN107396729A (zh) * | 2017-08-06 | 2017-11-28 | 菏泽市农业科学院 | 一种适宜机械化收获的花生栽培方法 |
-
2021
- 2021-12-17 CN CN202111551650.1A patent/CN114223491A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103733855A (zh) * | 2013-12-22 | 2014-04-23 | 黄翔 | 山花15号花生高产精细栽培方法 |
CN105794439A (zh) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 王丕杰 | 一种黑花生种植方法 |
CN107396729A (zh) * | 2017-08-06 | 2017-11-28 | 菏泽市农业科学院 | 一种适宜机械化收获的花生栽培方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (8)
Title |
---|
<常用农业科技词浅释>编写组: "《常用农业科技词浅释》", 31 July 1982, 科学普及出版社 * |
孟繁英: "吉林东部油用花生地膜覆盖优质栽培技术", 《基层农技推广》 * |
曲杰等: "花生水肥精准调控技术规程", 《农业科技通讯》 * |
柳旭等: "种子预处理的作用机制研究进展", 《应用生态学报》 * |
段留生等: "《作物化学控制原理与技术》", 30 June 2011, 中国农业大学出版社 * |
毕银丽等: "《微生物对煤系固体废弃物资源化利用技术》", 31 July 2007, 煤炭工业出版社 * |
涂仕华: "《常用肥料使用手册》", 31 January 2014, 四川科学技术出版社 * |
许智宏等: "《植物激素作用的分子机理》", 31 October 2012, 上海科学技术出版社 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116326444A (zh) * | 2023-03-07 | 2023-06-27 | 辽宁省农业科学院 | 一种沙化耕地禾本科与豆科作物复合种植固氮培肥方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN110786217B (zh) | 一种南疆早中熟机采陆地棉高效栽培技术 | |
CN112314376A (zh) | 一种南疆机采棉干播湿出栽培方法 | |
CN108293816A (zh) | 棉花抗旱耐盐碱丰产高效栽培方法 | |
CN105837289B (zh) | 花生水肥一体化专用肥料套餐 | |
CN108112430B (zh) | 一种高纬度寒区燕麦草的种植方法 | |
CN114223491A (zh) | 一种提高花生固氮能力的方法 | |
CN111869392B (zh) | 一种寒地水稻的施肥方法 | |
CN111201967B (zh) | 一种冬小麦夏玉米轮作节水省肥方法 | |
CN110063112B (zh) | 一种大棚西瓜重茬种植优质高产施肥方法 | |
CN109804871B (zh) | 一种预防和延缓秋季露地甜瓜植株早衰的栽培方法 | |
CN110558180A (zh) | 一种喀斯特地区高产水稻的种植方法 | |
CN104521466A (zh) | 一种玉米的种植方法 | |
CN114790127A (zh) | 干旱区花生专用肥及使用方法 | |
CN112703979A (zh) | 一种麒麟瓜抗重茬栽培方法 | |
CN111837778A (zh) | 一种苹果各生育阶段的“替-专-精-减”灌溉施肥方法 | |
CN112154756A (zh) | 一种海南夏秋季叶菜肥料施用方法 | |
CN110668893A (zh) | 一种大豆促花保荚调控剂及其制备方法和施用方法 | |
CN108370700B (zh) | 一种生姜施肥法 | |
CN109906703B (zh) | 一种提高农田中脲酶和磷酸酶含量的方法 | |
CN113475328A (zh) | 一种芝麻的高产种植方法 | |
CN116076320A (zh) | 干旱区实现棉花产量和磷利用效率同步提高的方法 | |
CN113207602A (zh) | 干旱区机采棉节氮高产的栽培方法 | |
CN113892328A (zh) | 小麦氮硅优选配比的施肥法 | |
CN117776802A (zh) | 一种壳寡糖增效设施辣椒专用肥配制方法及应用 | |
CN113940243A (zh) | 密植玉米化控防倒伏方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20220325 |