CN114221396B - Frequency response analytic calculation method considering general dead zone of speed regulator - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a frequency response analysis calculation method considering a general dead zone of a speed regulator, belonging to the field of frequency modulation of a power system. The method comprises the following steps: all frequency modulation parameters of the known full-network synchronous machine comprise a dead zone, inertia, a difference adjustment coefficient, a reheating time constant and the like; carrying out equivalent aggregation on the frequency modulation parameters according to the installed capacity of the synchronous machine to obtain a single-machine equivalent model; on the basis of a single-machine equivalent model, the influence of a general dead zone of a speed regulator is considered, a piecewise linear method is used for obtaining a piecewise transfer function of the inertia center frequency, and inverse Laplace transform is performed on the transfer function of the inertia center frequency to obtain a frequency response piecewise time domain analysis model of the whole-network inertia center. The invention can more accurately analyze and calculate the frequency response of the inertia center of the whole network under the premise of considering the intensified dead zone of the speed regulator, and simultaneously, the calculation effect of the invention is further close to the real power grid, thereby better making day-ahead scheduling plan service for the power grid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power system frequency modulation, and particularly relates to a frequency response analysis calculation method considering a general dead zone of a speed regulator.
Background
With the gradual exploitation of fossil energy and the gradual increase of the demand for energy, the relationship between human beings and the nature is increasingly tense. Under the background, constructing a novel power system mainly based on new energy, and considering new energy grid connection and related technologies thereof has become an important direction for future power technology development.
The new energy occupation ratio of China increases year by year, but due to the characteristics of the fluctuation and weak inertia of the new energy, the new energy has poor supporting effect on the system frequency after the regional power grid generates load disturbance, and therefore the synchronous machine still plays a main role in frequency modulation.
Although the frequency response of the synchronous machine system is studied more deeply at present, the influence of a general dead zone of a speed regulator cannot be considered by the mainstream frequency response calculation method at present, the modeling of the nonlinear link of the speed regulator is still to be perfected, and how to better establish day-ahead scheduling plan service with strong disturbance rejection capability for a power grid is still to be studied.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a frequency response analysis and calculation method considering a general dead zone of a speed regulator, which is characterized in that the frequency response analysis and calculation method is used for carrying out equivalent aggregation on frequency modulation parameters according to the installed capacity of a synchronous machine to obtain a single-machine equivalent model under the condition that all frequency modulation parameters of the whole-network synchronous machine comprise the dead zone, inertia, a difference modulation coefficient and a reheating time constant; on the basis of a single-machine equivalent model, the influence of a general dead zone of a speed regulator is considered, a piecewise linear method is used for obtaining a piecewise transfer function of inertia center frequency, and inverse Laplace transform is carried out on the transfer function of the inertia center frequency to obtain a frequency response piecewise time domain analysis model of a whole-network inertia center; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2: setting a mechanical gain coefficient according to the installed capacity and the total system capacity of the synchronous machine, setting inertia, a difference adjustment coefficient, a reheating time constant and a high-pressure turbine power fraction by using the set mechanical gain coefficient of the synchronous machine, and finally aggregating frequency modulation parameters to obtain a single-machine equivalent model;
and 3, step 3: simplifying the structure diagram according to a single-machine equivalent model, and obtaining a sectional transfer function of the inertia center frequency by considering the influence of a general dead zone of the speed regulator;
and 4, step 4: and obtaining a frequency response segmented time domain analysis model of the whole network inertia center by utilizing inverse Laplace transform on a second section of transfer function after the intervention of the speed regulator.
The key link of the synchronizer speed regulator is a link for judging the moment when the dead zone is crossed, and a transfer function is used for carrying out a Laplace inverse transformation link and a frequency response time domain analysis model derivation link.
The dead zone, the difference adjustment coefficient, the power fraction of the high-pressure turbine, the reheating time constant, the inertia, the mechanical gain coefficient, the unbalanced power and the damping ratio of the speed regulator are key parameters of frequency response analysis calculation.
Setting mechanical gain coefficients of the installed capacity and the total system capacity of the synchronous machine in the step 2, and setting each coefficient
The mechanical gain factor of the synchronous machine is calculated by:
wherein S g 、K m And n is the installed capacity, the mechanical gain coefficient and the number of the synchronous machines of each synchronous machine.
In the step 2, the frequency modulation parameters are aggregated to obtain a single machine equivalent model according to the set inertia, the difference adjustment coefficient, the reheating time constant and the high-pressure turbine power fraction of the set synchronous machine, and the equivalent frequency modulation parameters of the single machine equivalent model are calculated according to the following formula:
wherein R is g 、F Hg 、T Rg 、H g Respectively is the difference adjustment coefficient, the power fraction of the high-pressure turbine, the reheating time constant, the inertia and lambda of the synchronous machine g Intermediate variables for auxiliary calculations。
The structure diagram is simplified according to the single-machine equivalent model in the step 3, the influence of a general dead zone of the speed regulator is considered, and a piecewise transfer function of the inertia center frequency is obtained by a piecewise linearization method as shown in the following formula:
wherein t is dz 、R、F H 、T R 、H、K m 、P Step A is the moment crossing the dead zone of the speed regulator, the difference regulating coefficient, the power fraction of the high-pressure turbine, the reheating time constant, the inertia, the mechanical gain coefficient, the unbalanced power and the intermediate variable of the single-machine equivalent model respectively, xi is the damping ratio, omega is the damping ratio n Natural frequency of the second order model;
the intermediate variable a is defined by the formula:
natural frequency omega n And damping coefficient ξ is defined by:
when the frequency deviation is within the dead zone and the frequency dip is supported by the inertia of the generator, the frequency response is calculated as the first segment of the above piecewise function, and the time domain model is as follows:
therefore, the frequency modulation dead zone of the speed regulator is set to be delta omega dz Crossing speed regulatorThe dead zone time is calculated by:
the frequency response segmented time domain analysis model of the whole network inertia center is obtained as follows:
the method has the advantages that the method can carry out multi-machine aggregation according to the installed capacity of the synchronous machine and the total system capacity on the basis of known key frequency modulation parameters of the power grid, the influence of the general dead zone of the speed regulator is considered in a single-machine equivalent model, a frequency response time domain analysis model of the whole-network inertia center is obtained by utilizing the inverse Laplace transform method, and the frequency response of the power grid after disturbance of the general dead zone of the speed regulator is considered in the model.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary simulation system topology;
FIG. 2 is a comparison graph of the effectiveness of the verification algorithm;
Detailed Description
The invention provides a frequency response analytic calculation method considering a general dead zone of a speed regulator, and the technical scheme of the invention is clearly and completely described below by combining an embodiment and an attached drawing.
The calculation method comprises the steps of carrying out equivalent aggregation on frequency modulation parameters according to the installed capacity of the synchronous machine under the condition that all frequency modulation parameters of the whole network synchronous machine are known to comprise dead zones, inertia, difference modulation coefficients and reheating time constants to obtain a single-machine equivalent model; on the basis of a single-machine equivalent model, the influence of a general dead zone of a speed regulator is considered, a piecewise linear method is used for obtaining a piecewise transfer function of inertia center frequency, and inverse Laplace transform is carried out on the transfer function of the inertia center frequency to obtain a frequency response piecewise time domain analysis model of a whole-network inertia center; the method comprises the following specific steps:
step 2: setting a mechanical gain coefficient according to the installed capacity and the total system capacity of the synchronous machine, setting inertia, a difference adjustment coefficient, a reheating time constant and a high-pressure turbine power fraction by using the set mechanical gain coefficient of the synchronous machine, and finally aggregating frequency modulation parameters to obtain a single-machine equivalent model;
and step 3: simplifying the structure chart according to a single-machine equivalent model, and obtaining a sectional transfer function of the inertia center frequency by considering the influence of a general dead zone of a speed regulator;
and 4, step 4: and obtaining a frequency response segmented time domain analysis model of the inertia center of the whole network by utilizing inverse Laplace transform on a second stage transfer function after the intervention of the speed regulator.
The key link of the synchronizer speed regulator is a link for judging the moment when the dead zone is crossed, and a transfer function is used for carrying out a Laplace inverse transformation link and a frequency response time domain analysis model derivation link.
The dead zone, the difference adjustment coefficient, the power fraction of the high-pressure turbine, the reheating time constant, the inertia, the mechanical gain coefficient, the unbalanced power and the damping ratio of the speed regulator are key parameters of frequency response analysis calculation.
Setting mechanical gain coefficients of the installed capacity and the total system capacity of the synchronous machine in the step 2, and setting each coefficient
The mechanical gain factor of the synchronous machine is calculated by:
wherein S g 、K m And n is the installed capacity, the mechanical gain coefficient and the number of the synchronous machines of each synchronous machine.
In the step 2, inertia, a difference adjustment coefficient, a reheating time constant and a high-pressure turbine power fraction are adjusted according to the adjusted mechanical gain coefficient of the synchronous machine, and finally frequency modulation parameters are aggregated to obtain a single-machine equivalent model, wherein equivalent frequency modulation parameters of the single-machine equivalent model are calculated according to the following formula:
wherein R is g 、F Hg 、T Rg 、H g Difference adjustment coefficient and high-pressure turbine power fraction of synchronous machine respectivelyReheat time constant, inertia, lambda g Are intermediate variables that assist in the computation.
The structure diagram is simplified according to the single-machine equivalent model in the step 3, the influence of a general dead zone of the speed regulator is considered, and a piecewise transfer function of the inertia center frequency is obtained by a piecewise linearization method as shown in the following formula:
wherein t is dz 、R、F H 、T R 、H、K m 、P Step A is the moment crossing dead zone of speed regulator, difference regulating coefficient, high-pressure turbine power fraction, reheating time constant, inertia, mechanical gain coefficient, unbalance power and intermediate variable of single-machine equivalent model, xi is damping ratio, omega is n Natural frequency of the second order model;
the intermediate variable a is defined by the formula:
natural frequency omega n And damping coefficient ξ is defined by:
when the frequency deviation is within the dead zone and the frequency falls due to the inertia of the generator, the frequency response is calculated in a mode that the time domain model is as follows:
thus setting governorFrequency dead zone of Δ ω dz The time to cross the dead band of the governor is calculated by:
the frequency response segmented time domain analysis model of the whole network inertia center is obtained as the following formula:
examples
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an exemplary simulation system topology;
FIG. 1 includes three machines G1, G2 and G3; 1-9 nodes, the system voltage class of the region is 220kV, the total capacity of the generator is 402MW, the total load is 350MW, and the aggregated parameters of the key frequency modulation parameters of the system are shown in the following table:
setting the dead zone of the regional synchronous machine speed regulator to be 0.15Hz and 0.003 after per unit, and substituting the key frequency modulation parameters into the existing method to obtain a comparison graph (shown in figure 2) of the effectiveness of the verification algorithm of the frequency response of the system after disturbance by the method provided by the invention; through comparison, the model can calculate the frequency response of the disturbed system on the basis of considering the dead zone of the general type of the speed regulator.
Claims (1)
1. A frequency response analysis calculation method considering a general dead zone of a speed regulator is characterized in that the frequency response analysis calculation method is that under the condition that all frequency modulation parameters of a known whole-network synchronous machine comprise the dead zone, inertia, a difference modulation coefficient and a reheating time constant, equivalent aggregation is carried out on the frequency modulation parameters according to the installed capacity of the synchronous machine to obtain a single-machine equivalent model; on the basis of a single-machine equivalent model, the influence of a general dead zone of a speed regulator is considered, a piecewise linear method is used for obtaining a piecewise transfer function of inertia center frequency, and inverse Laplace transform is carried out on the transfer function of the inertia center frequency to obtain a frequency response piecewise time domain analysis model of a whole-network inertia center; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, firstly, measuring and calculating all parameters of a whole-network synchronous machine through a PMU device, wherein the parameters comprise a dead zone of a speed regulator of the synchronous machine, an inertia level, a difference regulating coefficient, a reheating time constant, a power fraction of a high-pressure turbine, a damping coefficient and a mechanical gain coefficient;
the key link of the synchronizer speed regulator is a link for judging the moment when the dead zone is crossed, and a transfer function is used for carrying out an inverse Laplace transformation link and a frequency response time domain analysis model derivation link;
the dead zone, the difference adjustment coefficient, the power fraction of the high-pressure turbine, the reheating time constant, the inertia, the mechanical gain coefficient, the unbalanced power and the damping ratio of the speed regulator are key parameters for analyzing and calculating the frequency response;
step 2: setting a mechanical gain coefficient according to the installed capacity and the total system capacity of the synchronous machine, setting inertia, a difference adjustment coefficient, a reheating time constant and a high-pressure turbine power fraction by using the set mechanical gain coefficient of the synchronous machine, and finally aggregating frequency modulation parameters to obtain a single-machine equivalent model;
the installed capacity and the total system capacity of the synchronous machine in the step 2 are set to obtain a mechanical gain coefficient, and the mechanical gain coefficient of each synchronous machine after setting is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein S g 、K mg N is the installed capacity, the mechanical gain coefficient and the number of the synchronous machines of each synchronous machine;
according to the set inertia, the difference adjustment coefficient, the reheating time constant and the high-pressure turbine power fraction of the set mechanical gain coefficient of the synchronous machine, finally, the frequency modulation parameters are aggregated to obtain a single-machine equivalent model, and the equivalent frequency modulation parameters of the single-machine equivalent model are calculated according to the following formula:
wherein R is g 、F Hg 、T Rg 、H g Respectively is the difference adjustment coefficient, the power fraction of the high-pressure turbine, the reheating time constant, the inertia and lambda of the synchronous machine g To assist in computingAn intermediate variable of (d);
and step 3: simplifying the structure chart according to a single-machine equivalent model, and obtaining a sectional transfer function of the inertia center frequency by considering the influence of a general dead zone of a speed regulator;
the structure diagram is simplified according to the single-machine equivalent model in the step 3, the influence of a general dead zone of the speed regulator is considered, and the piecewise transfer function of the inertia center frequency is obtained by a piecewise linearization method as shown in the following formula:
wherein t is dz 、T R 、H、K m 、P Step A is the time of crossing dead zone of speed regulator, reheating time constant, inertia, mechanical gain coefficient, unbalanced power and intermediate variable of single-machine equivalent model, xi is damping ratio, omega n Natural frequency of the second order model; as is the intermediate variable A multiplied by the Laplace operator s;
the intermediate variable a is defined by the formula:
natural frequency omega n And damping coefficient ξ is defined by:
when the frequency deviation is within the dead zone and the frequency falls due to the inertia support of the generator, the frequency response is calculated by the following time domain model:
therefore, the frequency modulation dead zone of the speed regulator is set to be delta omega dz The time to cross the dead band of the governor is calculated by:
and 4, step 4: obtaining a frequency response segmented time domain analysis model of the whole network inertia center by utilizing inverse Laplace transform on a second section of transfer function after the intervention of the speed regulator;
step 4, obtaining a frequency response segmented time domain analysis model of the whole network inertia center by using inverse laplace transform on a second-stage transfer function after the intervention of the governor, wherein the time domain analysis model is as follows:
the frequency response segmented time domain analysis model of the whole network inertia center is obtained as the following formula:
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