CN114216946A - Polypropylene-agar salt bridge and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Polypropylene-agar salt bridge and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114216946A CN114216946A CN202111625452.5A CN202111625452A CN114216946A CN 114216946 A CN114216946 A CN 114216946A CN 202111625452 A CN202111625452 A CN 202111625452A CN 114216946 A CN114216946 A CN 114216946A
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- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920001909 styrene-acrylic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011245 gel electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NJVOHKFLBKQLIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-ethenylphenyl) prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NJVOHKFLBKQLIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimercury dichloride Chemical class Cl[Hg][Hg]Cl ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910000619 316 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 4
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940000406 drug candidate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003777 experimental drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEAFKIYNHVBNIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylpropane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CCCC1=CC=CC=C1 VEAFKIYNHVBNIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910018540 Si C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- SHXXPRJOPFJRHA-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(iii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Fe](F)F SHXXPRJOPFJRHA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004344 phenylpropyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
- C08J3/075—Macromolecular gels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2305/00—Characterised by the use of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08J2301/00 or C08J2303/00
- C08J2305/12—Agar-agar; Derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2425/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2425/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2425/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08J2425/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene with unsaturated esters
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- C08J2433/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2433/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K3/16—Halogen-containing compounds
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Abstract
The invention uses a polypropylene U-shaped pipe to replace a glass U-shaped pipe, and a proper amount of acrylic emulsion is added into agar to prepare the polypropylene-agar salt bridge. When the polypropylene-agar salt bridge is used for measuring the oxidation-reduction potential of the self-electrophoresis coating containing hydrofluoric acid, the stability of the measured potential can be obviously improved, and the polypropylene-agar salt bridge is common in used materials, simple to manufacture and low in cost of a finished salt bridge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electrochemical measurement and coatings, and particularly relates to a polypropylene-agar salt bridge, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in stably measuring the oxidation-reduction potential of an autophoretic coating containing hydrofluoric acid.
Background
The control of the oxidation-reduction potential of the tank liquor of the autophoretic coating has great influence on the quality of a paint film. The main component of the common self-electrophoretic coating containing hydrofluoric acid is FeF3、HF、H2O2Organic polymer latex, pigments, etc., so that the autophoretic paint has strong oxidizing property, acidity and corrosiveness, which requires good corrosion resistance of a portion of a measuring apparatus of the autophoretic paint in contact with the autophoretic paint,the emphasis is on resistance to hydrofluoric acid. Since common reference electrodes such as saturated calomel electrodes cannot be directly used in the autophoretic coating at the time of measurement, a salt bridge is required. The conventional salt bridge is a glass U-shaped tube filled with KCl solution and agar gel. Glass-agar salt bridges have poor stability in autophoretic coatings. This is because SiO in the glass2And F-Reaction takes place, agar not only with F-The reaction also leads to acidolysis.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of poor stability and the like in the prior art, the invention provides a polypropylene-agar salt bridge, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in stably measuring the potential of an autophoretic coating containing hydrofluoric acid. According to the invention, a hydrofluoric acid corrosion resistant polypropylene (PP) tube is used as a U-shaped tube, and agar gel added with acrylic emulsion (pure acrylic emulsion, silicone acrylic emulsion and styrene-acrylic emulsion) is filled in the PP tube, so that the reactivity of a salt bridge material and components of the autophoretic coating is greatly reduced, the stability of the prepared PP-agar salt bridge in the autophoretic coating is greatly improved, and the measured potential stability of the autophoretic coating is greatly improved.
The process flow for preparing the salt bridge comprises the following steps: bending a straight PP pipe into a U-shaped pipe → dissolving agar → adding KCl into the agar → adding acrylic emulsion into the agar → injecting the agar into the U-shaped pipe → inserting PP nets at both ends of the U-shaped pipe.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a polypropylene-agar salt bridge, which takes a polypropylene U-shaped pipe as a support body, gel electrolyte is filled in the polypropylene U-shaped pipe, and two ends of the polypropylene U-shaped pipe are respectively plugged into polypropylene filter screens (so that gel falling and water loss are prevented);
the gel electrolyte is prepared by the following method: adding KCl and acrylic emulsion into agar aqueous solution of 2-4 wt% (preferably 3 wt%) at 80-95 deg.C (preferably 90 deg.C), and mixing to obtain the gel electrolyte; the mass ratio of the agar aqueous solution, the KCl and the acrylic emulsion is 100: 20-35: 0.25-4 (preferably 100:30: 0.25-4).
And injecting the gel electrolyte into the polypropylene U-shaped pipe while the gel electrolyte is hot, and cooling and forming.
Preferably, the acrylic emulsion is a pure acrylic emulsion, a silicone acrylic emulsion or a styrene-acrylic emulsion (preferably a styrene-acrylic emulsion). Further preferably, when the acrylic emulsion is a pure acrylic emulsion, the mass ratio of the agar aqueous solution, KCl and the acrylic emulsion is 100: 20-35: 0.25-1 (more preferably 100: 20-35: 0.25-0.5, and most preferably 100:30: 0.5); when the acrylic emulsion is silicone-acrylate emulsion or styrene-acrylate emulsion, the mass ratio of the agar aqueous solution, KCl and the silicone-acrylate emulsion or the styrene-acrylate emulsion is 100: 20-35: 0.25-4 (more preferably 100: 20-35: 0.25-2, and most preferably 100:30: 2).
Further, the acrylic emulsion has a solid content of 20 to 50% (preferably 40 to 50%, more preferably 45%).
The pure acrylic emulsion, the silicone acrylic emulsion and the styrene-acrylic emulsion are respectively 0.25-1%, 0.25-4% and 0.25-4% in mass, and the pure acrylic emulsion, the silicone acrylic emulsion and the styrene-acrylic emulsion are respectively 0.11-0.45%, 0.11-1.8% and 0.11-1.8% in solid content.
The invention also provides application of the polypropylene-agar salt bridge in measuring the oxidation-reduction potential of the self-electrophoresis coating containing hydrofluoric acid.
Specifically, the application is as follows: and inserting a Pt electrode serving as a working electrode into the self-electrophoretic coating containing hydrofluoric acid, inserting a saturated calomel electrode serving as a reference electrode and an auxiliary electrode into a saturated KCl solution, connecting the self-electrophoretic coating containing hydrofluoric acid and the saturated KCl solution by using a salt bridge, and measuring the oxidation-reduction potential of the self-electrophoretic coating containing hydrofluoric acid after switching on a power supply.
The range of the oxidation-reduction potential of the self-electrophoresis coating containing hydrofluoric acid is 190mV-560 mV;
the autophoretic coating may be self-formulated (including emulsion synthesis) or commercially available (e.g., the Aquence 930 autophoretic paint from hangao corporation);
the acrylic autophoretic coating comprises: film-forming substance, surfactant, pigment, HF, H2O2。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the use of the salt bridge, which produces a PP-agar salt bridge by adding an acrylic emulsion to the agar gel, results that the fluctuation of the oxidation-reduction potential of the autophoretic coating is significantly smaller than that of the agar-PP salt bridge without the acrylic emulsion, and the reduction is much greater than that of the 4 salt bridges of PE, glass, 304 stainless steel and 316 stainless steel without the acrylic emulsion. The method meets the requirement on the stability of the salt bridge in the oxidation-reduction potential measurement of the autophoretic coating, and has the advantages of common raw materials, simple manufacture and low cost of the finished salt bridge product.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an autophoretic coating oxidation-reduction potential measurement system.
FIG. 2 is the graph of the potential-time curve of Hangaautophoretic paint measured by 0.5% pure acrylic, 2% silicon acrylic, 2% styrene acrylic and glass, 304 and 316 stainless steel, PE and blank PP salt bridge. (a) The whole figure is shown, and (b) is an enlarged view.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
The main experimental drugs used in the present invention are listed in Table 1, and the main experimental equipments and instruments used are listed in Table 2.
TABLE 1 Main experimental drugs
Note: the glass tube, the 304 stainless steel tube and the 316 stainless steel tube had an outer diameter of 10mm and an inner diameter of 8 mm.
The mass solid content of the pure acrylic emulsion, the silicone acrylic emulsion and the styrene-acrylic emulsion is 45 percent.
TABLE 2 Main test Equipment
Example 1: 0.25% pure propylene
(1) And preparing a U-shaped pipe. Cutting a 12cm long straight PP pipe with the outer diameter of 8mm and the inner diameter of 6mm, extending a spring with the diameter being 1-2mm smaller than that of the PP pipe into the straight PP pipe, heating and softening the straight PP pipe by using a heating electric clamping plate, bending the straight PP pipe into a U-shaped pipe by using a three-groove pipe bender, and pulling out the spring after molding.
(2) The agar is dissolved. Weighing 3g of agar powder and 97g of distilled water, pouring into a beaker, and putting the beaker into a water bath kettle to heat at 90 ℃ until the agar powder and the distilled water are completely dissolved.
(3) KCl was added to the agar. 30g of KCl is added and stirred well in a water bath under the heating condition of 90 ℃ until the KCl is completely dissolved.
(4) The acrylic emulsion was added to agar. 0.25g of pure acrylic emulsion is added and stirred in a water bath under the heating condition of 90 ℃ to disperse the pure acrylic emulsion in the agar-KCl solution.
(5) Agar was injected into the U-tube. Adding agar into U-shaped tube with injector while hot, standing, and condensing into jelly.
(6) PP nets are plugged into two ends of the U-shaped pipe. A500-mesh PP filter screen with the thickness of 3mm is cut into small pieces with the diameter of 6mm, and the small PP filter screens are plugged into the two ends of the U-shaped pipe.
(7) And (4) measuring the oxidation-reduction potential of the autophoretic coating. The oxidation-reduction potential of the autophoretic coating is measured using a two-electrode system. 50g of Hangao 930 autophoretic coating is measured by a 50g PP beaker. Inserting a Pt electrode serving as a working electrode into the autophoretic coating, putting a saturated calomel electrode serving as a reference electrode and an auxiliary electrode into a saturated KCl solution, connecting the autophoretic coating and the saturated KCl solution by using a salt bridge, and measuring the oxidation-reduction potential of the autophoretic coating by using an Ivium electrochemical workstation. The measurement was carried out at room temperature and the potential test time was 1800 s. The measurement system connections are shown in fig. 1. The oxidation-reduction potential of the Hangao 930 autophoretic coating is 290-310 mV. Note: the preset values for the autophoretic coating are here estimated from the mean values of the potentials measured for 0.5% pure C and 2% Si-C of the salt bridges obtained in examples 2 and 8.
Example 2: 0.5% pure propylene
Steps 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 are the same as in example 1; step 4 was performed in the same manner as in step 4 of example 1 except that the amount of the pure acrylic emulsion added was changed to 0.5 g.
Example 3: 1% pure propylene
Steps 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 are the same as in example 1; step 4 is the same as step 4 of example 1 except that the amount of the pure acrylic emulsion added is 1 g.
Example 4: 2% pure propylene
Steps 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 are the same as in example 1; step 4 is the same as step 4 of example 1 except that the amount of the pure acrylic emulsion added was changed to 2 g.
Example 5: 0.25% silicon C
Steps 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 are the same as in example 1; step 4 is the same as step 4 of example 1 except that 0.25g of silicone-acrylic emulsion is added instead of the pure acrylic emulsion.
Example 6: 0.5% silicon C
Steps 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 are the same as in example 5; step 4 was the same as step 4 of example 5 except that the amount of the silicone-acrylic emulsion added was changed to 0.5 g.
Example 7: 1% silicon C
Steps 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 are the same as in example 5; step 4 is the same as step 4 of example 5 except that the amount of the silicone-acrylic emulsion added is 1 g.
Example 8: 2% silicon third
Steps 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 are the same as in example 5; step 4 is the same as step 4 of example 5 except that the amount of the silicone-acrylic emulsion added is changed to 2 g.
Example 9: 4% silicon third
Steps 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 are the same as in example 5; step 4 is the same as step 4 of example 5 except that the amount of the silicone-acrylic emulsion added is changed to 4 g.
Example 10: 0.25% of styrene acrylic
Steps 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 are the same as in example 1; step 4 is to add 0.25g of styrene-acrylic emulsion instead of pure acrylic emulsion, and the other steps are the same as step 4 of example 1.
Example 11: 0.5% of styrene acrylic
Steps 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 are the same as in example 10; step 4 was the same as in step 4 of example 10 except that the amount of the styrene-acrylic emulsion added was changed to 0.5 g.
Example 12: 1% styrene acrylic
Steps 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 are the same as in example 10; step 4 is the same as step 4 of example 10 except that the amount of the styrene-acrylic emulsion added was changed to 1 g.
Example 13: 2% styrene acrylic
Steps 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 are the same as in example 10; step 4 is the same as step 4 of example 10 except that the amount of the styrene-acrylic emulsion added was changed to 2 g.
Example 14: 4% styrene acrylic
Steps 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 are the same as in example 10; step 4 is the same as step 4 of example 10 except that the amount of the styrene-acrylic emulsion added was changed to 4 g.
Example 15: 0.5% pure propane-200 mV
Example 16: 0.5% pure propane-550 mV
Example 17: 2% SiCpropane-200 mV
Example 18: 2% SiCpropane-550 mV
Example 20: 2% styrene-acrylic-200 mV
Example 21: 2% styrene-acrylic acid-550 mV
The steps 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 are the same as in example 13; step 7 was conducted in the same manner as in step 7 of example 13 except that the oxidation-reduction potential of the autophoretic coating material was 540-560 mV.
Comparative example 1: glass salt bridge
Comparative example 2: 304 stainless steel salt bridge
(1) And (4) preparing a U-shaped pipe. A 15 cm long straight 304 stainless steel tube was bent into a U-shaped tube using a 410M manual tube bender.
Comparative example 3: 316 stainless steel salt bridge
Step 1 is to bend a 15 cm long straight 316 stainless steel into a U-shaped tube with a 410M manual tube bender. Steps 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 are the same as in comparative example 2.
Comparative example 4: PE salt bridge
The pipe used in step 1 was a straight PE pipe, and the rest was the same as in step 1 of example 1. Steps 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 are the same as steps 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 of example 1, respectively. Comparative example 4 differs from example 1 in that the tubing was PE tubing, gel without acrylic emulsion.
Comparative example 5: blank PP
Comparative example 6: blank PP-200mV
Comparative example 7: blank PP-550mV
Defining: the unit of the maximum fluctuation of the potential is mV (maximum potential-minimum potential).
Table 1 shows the maximum fluctuation of the potential of han-gao autophoretic paint measured by PP salt bridges added with acrylic emulsions of different concentrations. Table 2 shows the maximum fluctuation of potential measured in Hangao autophoretic coating with different redox potentials by using 3 salt bridges of 0.5% pure acrylic, 2% silicon acrylic and 2% styrene acrylic.
Table 1 maximum fluctuation of potential (unit: mV) of hangaautophoretic paint measured by PP salt bridge with addition of acrylic emulsion of different concentration.
Table 2 maximum fluctuation of potential measured in hangaautophoretic paints of different redox potentials with 3 salt bridges of 0.5% pure propane, 2% silicopropane and 2% phenylpropyl benzene.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the potential change in the potential-time curve measured by the salt bridge made of the U-shaped tube made of glass and stainless steel is significantly greater than that of the PP salt bridge. The glass salt bridge is greatest among them because HF in the autophoretic paint reacts with silica in the glass. Hydrofluoric acid also reacts with 304 stainless steel. 316 stainless steel is resistant to hydrofluoric acid, but the potential fluctuations measured are also large, probably because the surface of 316 stainless steel has oxides and there is a stabilization process in hydrofluoric acid. In addition, the salt-bridge electrolyte KCl may react with 316 stainless steel. The potential fluctuations measured by the PE salt bridge are greater than those of PP, probably because PE is less corrosive to hydrofluoric acid and strongly oxidizing media than PP. The addition of the acrylic emulsion improves the stability of the measured potential of the PP salt bridge because the ingredients in the acrylic emulsion are mostly resistant to hydrofluoric acid and oxidizing media, and the dispersion of the acrylic emulsion in the agar reduces the contact of the agar with the autophoretic coating.
As can be seen from table 1, the addition of the acrylic emulsion significantly improved the stability of the salt bridge measurement potential. When the emulsion addition was large (2% pure propane, 4% both silicopropyl and phenylpropyl), the potential stability was rather slightly reduced, probably because the emulsion broke the gel structure.
As can be seen from Table 2, when the potentials of the autophoretic coating are different, the potentials measured by using 3 salt bridges of 0.5 percent of pure acrylic, 2 percent of silicon acrylic and 2 percent of styrene acrylic are stable. At higher acidity, the potential stability as measured by the blank PP salt bridge without the acrylic emulsion becomes worse. This is because agar has poor acid resistance, and when the acid is increased, the stability of agar is deteriorated.
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, the improvement of the potential stability of the styrene-acrylic emulsion in the measurement of 3 acrylic emulsions was more significant.
Claims (10)
1. A polypropylene-agar salt bridge, characterized in that: the polypropylene-agar salt bridge takes a polypropylene U-shaped pipe as a support body, gel electrolyte is filled in the polypropylene U-shaped pipe, and two ends of the polypropylene U-shaped pipe are respectively plugged into polypropylene filter screens;
the gel electrolyte is prepared by the following method: adding KCl and acrylic emulsion into 2-4 wt% agar aqueous solution at 80-95 ℃, and uniformly mixing to obtain the gel electrolyte; the mass ratio of the agar aqueous solution to the KCl to the acrylic emulsion is 100: 20-35: 0.25-4.
2. The polypropylene-agar salt bridge of claim 1 wherein: the acrylic emulsion is pure acrylic emulsion, silicone acrylic emulsion or styrene-acrylic emulsion.
3. The polypropylene-agar salt bridge of claim 2 wherein: the acrylic emulsion is styrene-acrylic emulsion.
4. The polypropylene-agar salt bridge of claim 2 wherein: when the acrylic emulsion is pure acrylic emulsion, the mass ratio of the agar aqueous solution, the KCl and the acrylic emulsion is 100: 20-35: 0.25-1.
5. The polypropylene-agar salt bridge of claim 2 wherein: when the acrylic emulsion is silicone-acrylate emulsion or styrene-acrylate emulsion, the mass ratio of the agar aqueous solution, KCl and the silicone-acrylate emulsion or the styrene-acrylate emulsion is 100: 20-35: 0.25-4.
6. The polypropylene-agar salt bridge of claim 1 wherein: the acrylic emulsion has a solid content of 20 to 50%.
7. The polypropylene-agar salt bridge of claim 6 wherein: the acrylic emulsion has a solids content of 40-50%.
8. The polypropylene-agar salt bridge of claim 1 wherein: the mass ratio of the agar aqueous solution to the KCl to the acrylic emulsion is 100:30: 0.25-4.
9. Use of the polypropylene-agar salt bridge of claim 1 for measuring the redox potential of an autophoretic coating containing hydrofluoric acid.
10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that the use is: and inserting a Pt electrode serving as a working electrode into the self-electrophoretic coating containing hydrofluoric acid, inserting a saturated calomel electrode serving as a reference electrode and an auxiliary electrode into a saturated KCl solution, connecting the self-electrophoretic coating containing hydrofluoric acid and the saturated KCl solution by using a salt bridge, and measuring the oxidation-reduction potential of the self-electrophoretic coating containing hydrofluoric acid after switching on a power supply.
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| US20080000771A1 (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2008-01-03 | Takashi Kakiuchi | Reference electrode, salt bridge and ionic concentration measuring device by the use of reference electrode and salt bridge |
| US20080149482A1 (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2008-06-26 | Healthwatchsystems, Inc. | Reference electrode and reference solutions for use therein |
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| US20190195824A1 (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-06-27 | Endress+Hauser Conducta Gmbh+Co. Kg | Reference electrode and method for manufacturing a reference electrode |
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| US7618524B1 (en) * | 2004-08-10 | 2009-11-17 | Sandia Corporation | Polymeric salt bridges for conducting electric current in microfluidic devices |
| US20080000771A1 (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2008-01-03 | Takashi Kakiuchi | Reference electrode, salt bridge and ionic concentration measuring device by the use of reference electrode and salt bridge |
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