CN114215004A - Floating breakwater structure with wave dissipation chamber and wave blocking plate and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Floating breakwater structure with wave dissipation chamber and wave blocking plate and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114215004A CN114215004A CN202111495310.1A CN202111495310A CN114215004A CN 114215004 A CN114215004 A CN 114215004A CN 202111495310 A CN202111495310 A CN 202111495310A CN 114215004 A CN114215004 A CN 114215004A
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- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011275 tar sand Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/062—Constructions floating in operational condition, e.g. breakwaters or wave dissipating walls
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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Abstract
The invention provides a floating breakwater structure with a wave dissipation chamber and a wave blocking plate and a construction method thereof, aiming at solving the problem that the wave dissipation effect of the existing floating breakwater is poor. The technical scheme of the floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave blocking plate is as follows: comprises a floating box part, an anchoring system part and a connecting part; the buoyancy tank parts are positioned on the sea surface through the anchoring system part, the buoyancy tank parts are sequentially arranged, and adjacent buoyancy tank parts are connected with each other through connecting parts; wave dissipation chambers are respectively arranged on one side of the interior of the floating box part, which is close to the wave facing side, and one side of the interior of the floating box part, which is close to the back wave side, and a floating cabin is arranged in the middle of the interior of the floating box part. The floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave blocking plate is formed by connecting the buoyancy tank parts of the standard sections in series, and the wave dissipation chambers are arranged on the wave facing side and the wave backing side of the buoyancy tank parts, so that the incident wave energy can be effectively dissipated, the transmitted waves are reduced, the radiation waves generated by the oscillation of the buoyancy tank parts are reduced, and the excellent wave dissipation effect is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of port engineering, in particular to a floating breakwater structure with a wave dissipation chamber and a wave blocking plate and a construction method thereof.
Background
The breakwater is a common coast protection building and can provide a shield condition for a water bank in a harbor to prevent ships and coasts in the harbor from being invaded by waves. The common breakwater has various types such as slope type, upright type, hybrid type, floating type, etc. The floating breakwater is one of the main structural types of the breakwater and consists of a floating body and an anchoring system thereof. Because the floating breakwater does not influence water body exchange, is environment-friendly, has the advantages of high construction speed, low investment, convenient removal and the like, the floating breakwater is more and more favored by the engineering industry. However, the existing floating breakwater type has the defect of poor wave-breaking effect, and the wide-range use of the floating breakwater is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a floating breakwater structure with a wave dissipation chamber and a wave blocking plate and a construction method thereof, aiming at solving the problem that the wave dissipation effect of the existing floating breakwater is poor.
The technical scheme of the floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave blocking plate is as follows:
a floating breakwater structure with a wave dissipation chamber and a wave blocking plate comprises a floating box part, an anchoring system part and a connecting part; the buoyancy tank parts are positioned on the sea surface through the anchoring system part, the buoyancy tank parts are sequentially arranged, and adjacent buoyancy tank parts are connected with each other through connecting parts; wave dissipation chambers are respectively arranged on one side of the interior of the floating box part, which is close to the wave facing side, and one side of the interior of the floating box part, which is close to the back wave side, and a floating cabin is arranged in the middle of the interior of the floating box part.
The floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave blocking plate is formed by connecting the buoyancy tank parts of the standard sections in series, and the wave dissipation chambers are arranged on the wave facing side and the wave backing side of the buoyancy tank parts, so that the incident wave energy can be effectively dissipated, the transmitted waves are reduced, the radiation waves generated by the oscillation of the buoyancy tank parts are reduced, and the excellent wave dissipation effect is achieved.
Further, in the floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave blocking plate, the buoyancy tank part comprises a rectangular frame formed by an outer wall body, and the wave dissipation chamber and the floating cabin are formed by separating a longitudinal partition wall and a transverse partition wall arranged in the rectangular frame.
Further, in the floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave blocking plate, the surface of the buoyancy tank part is provided with a plurality of wave dissipation holes, the wave dissipation holes are connected with the inside of the wave dissipation chamber, and seawater enters the wave dissipation chamber through the wave dissipation holes.
Furthermore, in the floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave blocking plate, foam filling materials are filled in the floating cabin. The foam filling material has the characteristics of high strength and light weight. When providing buoyancy for flotation tank portion, guarantee that flotation tank portion can not sink because of intaking under the unexpected damaged condition of flotation tank portion.
Furthermore, in the floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave blocking plate, the longitudinal partition wall extends downwards, and a suspension plate is formed at the lower side of the bottom of the buoyancy tank part. The suspension plate plays a role in blocking waves, and transmission waves can be reduced.
Furthermore, in the floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave blocking plate, in order to further increase the structural strength of the floating box part, reinforcing chamfers are arranged at the connecting nodes of the outer wall body, the longitudinal partition wall and the transverse partition wall.
Furthermore, in the floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave blocking plate, in order to increase the structural strength of the buoyancy tank part and improve the corrosion resistance of the buoyancy tank part, the buoyancy tank part is made of a lightweight reinforced concrete structure, and the lightweight reinforced concrete structure preferably adopts ceramsite lightweight coarse aggregate, has the strength grade of C45, and is doped with a corrosion resistance reinforcing agent.
Furthermore, in the floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave breakwater, the anchoring system part comprises an anchor chain and an anchoring foundation; the end part of the anchor chain is connected with the wave facing side or the back wave side of the floating box part; the tail part of the anchor chain is connected with the anchoring foundation; the anchoring foundation is anchored on the seabed; the anchoring system parts are symmetrically arranged at the wave-facing side and the back wave side of the buoyancy tank part. The anchoring system parts can be symmetrically arranged at the wave-facing side and the back wave side of the buoyancy tank part, and a plurality of groups of anchoring system parts can be arranged at the wave-facing side and the back wave side of the buoyancy tank part so as to ensure the positioning reliability of the buoyancy tank part. In addition, the anchor chain is required to be resistant to seawater corrosion, and the anchoring foundation can be a towed buried anchor foundation.
Furthermore, in the floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave blocking plate, a chain guide channel is arranged in the buoyancy tank part; the lower end opening of the chain guide channel is arranged on the head side or the back wave side of the floating box part, and the upper end opening is arranged on the upper side of the floating box part; an anchor chain fixing device is arranged at an opening at the upper end of the chain guide channel; the anchor chain penetrates through the chain guide channel and is fixed through the anchor chain fixing device. The anchor chain fixing device can be set in a one-way locking mode, namely after the anchor chain fixing device is arranged, the anchor chain can only extend out of the upper end opening of the chain guide channel and cannot move reversely, so that the anchoring system part is convenient to install. However, in order to adjust the tension to which the anchor chain is subjected, the anchor chain fixing device may also be provided in an adjustable form, i.e. the anchor chain may move freely in the chain guide channel when the anchor chain fixing device is opened, until the anchor chain fixing device is locked. In addition, in order to facilitate installation of the chain guide channel, the chain guide channel can be an embedded steel pipe and is integrally formed with the floating box part, and the chain guide channel and the wave-facing side or the back wave side of the floating box part are in arc transition.
Furthermore, in the floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave blocking plate, the anchor chain fixing device comprises two clamping pieces; the tail parts of the clamping pieces are arranged on the lateral parts outside the upper end opening of the chain guide channel, the head parts of the two clamping pieces are oppositely arranged on the upper part of the upper end opening of the chain guide channel, and each clamping piece rotates by taking the tail part of the clamping piece as a shaft. When the anchor chain passes through the opening at the upper end of the chain guide channel, the clamping piece is jacked open by the anchor chain, and the anchor chain can continue to move towards the opening at the upper end of the chain guide channel. When the anchor chain moves towards the direction of the opening at the lower end of the chain guide channel, the clamping pieces are blocked by the outer wall body outside the opening at the upper end of the chain guide channel and cannot rotate downwards, so that the anchor chain is clamped between the heads of the two clamping pieces to form a fixing effect on the anchor chain, and the anchor chain is prevented from moving towards the direction of the opening at the lower end of the chain guide channel.
Furthermore, in the floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave blocking plate, U-shaped rings are arranged on the wave facing side and the back wave side of the floating box part, and the end parts of the anchor chains are connected with the U-shaped rings. When the environmental load is small and the tension on the anchor chain is small, the structure can be selected to connect the anchor chain and the buoyancy tank part. The position of the U-shaped ring arranged on the outer wall body can be thickened.
Furthermore, in the floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave blocking plate, the connecting part comprises cantilevers arranged at two sides of the floating box part, a groove arranged in the cantilevers, a clamping ring arranged in the groove and a connecting piece; the two ends of the connecting piece are respectively arranged in the grooves corresponding to the cantilevers of the adjacent floating box parts and are fixed through the clamping rings. The two sides of the buoyancy tank portion described herein refer to the other two sides of the buoyancy tank portion other than the head-on wave side and the back-wave side. Can set up a plurality of recesses in the cantilever, the connecting piece links together adjacent flotation tank portion, can adopt a plurality of connecting pieces to connect adjacent flotation tank portion to strengthen the joint strength of adjacent flotation tank portion.
Furthermore, in the floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave blocking plate, one end of the snap ring is movably fixed in the groove, and the other end of the snap ring is fixed in the groove through a bolt; the connecting piece is made of rubber materials, and bulges are arranged at two ends of the connecting piece. In order to better adapt to the marine bumpy environment, the connecting piece is made of rubber materials. After the connecting piece is fixed by the clamping ring, the protrusion of the connecting piece is arranged on the outer side of the clamping ring, so that the connecting piece can be prevented from being separated from the clamping ring.
Furthermore, in the floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave blocking plate, asphalt sand is filled in the groove to be flush with the upper surface of the buoyancy tank part in order to ensure the smoothness of the buoyancy tank parts.
Furthermore, in the floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave blocking plate, in order to prevent the collision of the lower parts of the adjacent floating box parts, the connecting part further comprises connecting rings, chains and rubber rings which are arranged on two sides of the floating box parts; the chains are respectively connected with the connecting rings of the adjacent buoyancy tank parts; the rubber ring is hung on the chain.
Furthermore, the floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave blocking plate further comprises an accessory facility part; the affiliated facility part comprises a fender and a towing belt ring; a fender is arranged at the back wave side of the floating box part; the position that flotation tank portion is close to connecting portion sets up drags the belt ring. The fender is used for protecting the floating box part from collision. The towing ring is used for temporarily fixing the floating box part during connection.
The invention also provides a construction method of the floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave blocking plate, and the technical scheme comprises the following steps:
s1, prefabricating a buoyancy tank part in a factory, and embedding embedded parts of the anchoring system part, the connecting part and the accessory facility part into the buoyancy tank part;
s2, transporting the prefabricated floating box part, the anchoring system part, the connecting part and the accessory facilities to a construction and installation site in batches;
s3, measuring and positioning, and constructing the anchoring foundation of the anchoring system part; after the completion, connecting each anchoring foundation with the tail part of the corresponding anchor chain respectively, and performing a field tension test; after the tensile force meets the requirement, the anchor chain is flatly paved to the seabed according to a preset scheme; the end part of the anchor chain is fixed with a steel wire rope and a picking buoy, floats on the sea surface by the picking buoy and is arranged at a position close to a pre-installation position of the floating box part;
s4, carrying the first section of buoyancy tank in place in a floating mode, and enabling the end of the anchor chain to penetrate through the chain guide channel through a steel wire rope; symmetrically lifting the anchor chain by using a winch until the tension of the anchor chain meets the requirement;
s5, adopting the step S4 to install the next section of buoyancy tank part; after the next section of buoyancy tank part is installed, connecting the adjacent buoyancy tank parts together through the connecting part;
s6, repeating S5 until all the buoyancy tank parts are installed;
and S7, mounting an auxiliary facility part on the floating box part.
According to the construction method of the floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave blocking plates, the tension of the anchor chain can be adjusted in the construction process, so that the stress of each floating box part is basically consistent, and the stability of the whole floating breakwater structure is improved. In S4, in order to facilitate the construction of the connection portion, before the connection portion is constructed, the steel wire rope may be first passed through the towing ring of the adjacent floating box portions to temporarily fix the two floating box portions. In addition, the process of floating the buoyancy tank part can be towed by a towing ship by using a towing ring.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a floating breakwater structure with a wave dissipating chamber and a breakwater according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a side view of a pontoon portion of a floating breakwater structure with a wave dissipating chamber and a breakwater according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a top view of a pontoon portion of a floating breakwater structure with a wave dissipating chamber and a breakwater according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the wave-facing side of the pontoon portion of a floating breakwater structure with a wave breaking chamber and a breakwater according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a chain guide channel of a floating breakwater structure with a wave dissipating chamber and a breakwater according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view showing a closed state of an anchor chain fixing device of a floating breakwater structure having a wave dissipating chamber and a breakwater according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view showing an opened state of an anchor chain fixing device of a floating breakwater structure having a wave dissipating chamber and a breakwater according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a U-shaped ring of a chain guide channel of a floating breakwater structure with a wave dissipating chamber and a breakwater according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic connection diagram of a floating breakwater structure with a wave dissipating chamber and a breakwater according to the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of a coupling part of a floating breakwater structure with a wave dissipating chamber and a breakwater according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1:
the technical scheme of the floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave blocking plate is as follows:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, a floating breakwater structure with a wave dissipation chamber and a breakwater includes a pontoon portion 100, a mooring system portion 200, and a connecting portion 300; the buoyancy tank parts 100 are positioned on the sea surface through the anchoring system part 200, the buoyancy tank parts 100 are arranged in sequence, and the adjacent buoyancy tank parts 100 are connected with each other through a connecting part 300; wave dissipation chambers 1004 are respectively arranged on one side close to the head-on wave side and one side close to the back wave side in the buoyancy tank part 100, and a buoyancy cabin chamber 1006 is arranged in the middle in the buoyancy tank part 100.
The floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave blocking plate of the embodiment is formed by connecting the buoyancy tank parts 100 of the standard sections in series, and the wave dissipation chambers 1004 are arranged on the wave facing side and the wave backing side of the buoyancy tank parts 100, so that the energy of incident waves can be effectively dissipated, transmitted waves can be reduced, radiation waves generated by oscillation of the buoyancy tank parts 100 can be reduced, and an excellent wave dissipation effect can be achieved.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in the floating breakwater structure with a wave breaking chamber and a breakwater, in particular, the buoyancy tank part 100 includes a rectangular frame formed by outer walls 1001, and the wave breaking chamber 1004 and the buoyancy chamber 1006 are partitioned by longitudinal partitions 1002 and transverse partitions 1003 disposed in the rectangular frame.
Referring to fig. 2, in the floating breakwater structure with a wave breaking chamber and a wave blocking plate according to the preferred embodiment, a plurality of wave breaking holes 1005 are formed in the surface of the pontoon portion 100, the wave breaking holes 1005 are connected to the inside of the wave breaking chamber 1004, and seawater enters the wave breaking chamber 1004 through the wave breaking holes 1005.
Referring to fig. 2, in the floating breakwater structure with a wave breaker and a breakwater, the floating chamber 1006 is filled with foam filler 1007. The foam pad 1007 has high strength and is lightweight. The buoyancy of the buoyancy chamber 100 is provided while ensuring that the buoyancy chamber 100 does not sink due to the inflow of water in the event of accidental breakage of the buoyancy chamber 100.
Referring to fig. 2, in the floating breakwater structure with a wave breaker and a breakwater according to the preferred embodiment, a longitudinal partition 1002 extends downward to form a hanging plate 1008 on the lower side of the bottom of the pontoon portion 100. The hanging plate 1008 acts as a wave barrier to reduce transmitted waves.
Referring to fig. 2, in the floating breakwater structure with a wave-breaking chamber and a breakwater according to the preferred embodiment, in order to further increase the structural strength of the pontoon 100, a reinforcing chamfer 1009 is provided at each joint of the outer wall 1001, the longitudinal partition 1002 and the transverse partition 1003.
In order to increase the structural strength of the pontoon portion 100 and improve the corrosion resistance of the pontoon portion 100, the material of the pontoon portion 100 is a lightweight reinforced concrete structure, and the lightweight reinforced concrete structure preferably adopts ceramsite lightweight coarse aggregate, has a strength grade of C45, and is doped with a corrosion resistance enhancer.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in the floating breakwater structure with wave breaking chambers and breakwaters, the mooring system part 200 includes a chain 2001, and a mooring foundation 2002; the end of the anchor chain 2001 is connected to the head side or back side of the pontoon portion 100; the tail part of the anchor chain 2001 is connected with an anchoring foundation 2002; the anchoring foundation 2002 is anchored to the seabed; the mooring system parts 200 are symmetrically arranged at the head-on side and the back-on side of the pontoon part 100. The anchoring system portions 200 may be symmetrically disposed at the head-on side and the back-off side of the pontoon portion 100, and a plurality of sets of anchoring system portions 200 may be disposed at the head-on side and the back-off side of the pontoon portion 100 to ensure the reliability of positioning of the pontoon portion 100. In addition, the anchor chain 2001 needs to be resistant to seawater corrosion, and the anchoring foundation 2002 can be a towed buried anchoring foundation.
Referring to fig. 5, in the floating breakwater structure with a wave breaking chamber and a breakwater, a chain guide channel 2003 is provided in the pontoon portion 100; the lower end opening of the chain guide channel 2003 is arranged on the head side or the back wave side of the floating box part 100, and the upper end opening is arranged on the upper side of the floating box part 100; an anchor chain fixing device 2005 is arranged at an opening at the upper end of the chain guide channel 2003; the anchor chain 2001 is inserted into the chain guide channel 2003 and fixed by the anchor chain fixing device 2005. Anchor chain retention device 2005 may be configured as a one-way lock, i.e., anchor chain 2001 may only extend out of the upper end opening of chain guide channel 2003 and not move in the opposite direction after anchor chain retention device 2005 is configured to facilitate installation of mooring system portion 200. However, in order to adjust the tension to which the anchor chain 2001 is subjected, the anchor chain fixing device 2005 may be provided in an adjustable form, i.e., the anchor chain 2001 may freely move in the chain guide channel 2003 until the anchor chain fixing device 2005 is locked when the anchor chain fixing device 2005 is opened. In addition, in order to facilitate installation of the chain guide channel 2003, the chain guide channel 2003 may be an embedded steel pipe integrally formed with the buoyancy tank part 100, and the chain guide channel 2003 is in arc-shaped transition with the wave-facing side or the wave-backing side of the buoyancy tank part 100.
Referring to fig. 5, 6 and 7, in the floating breakwater structure with a wave breaking chamber and a wave blocking plate, the anchor chain fixing device 2005 includes two clamping pieces 20051; the tail parts of the clamping pieces 20051 are arranged on the lateral part outside the opening at the upper end of the chain guide channel 2003, the head parts of the two clamping pieces 20051 are oppositely arranged on the upper part of the opening at the upper end of the chain guide channel 2003, and each clamping piece 20051 rotates by taking the tail part of the clamping piece 20051 as a shaft. When the anchor chain 2001 passes through the upper opening of the chain guide passage 2003, the anchor chain 2001 pushes the clip 20051 open, and the anchor chain 2001 can continue to move toward the upper opening of the chain guide passage 2003. When the anchor chain 2001 tends to move toward the opening at the lower end of the chain guide passage 2003, the clip 20051 is blocked by the outer wall 1001 outside the opening at the upper end of the chain guide passage 2003 and cannot rotate downward, so that the anchor chain 2001 is clamped between the heads of the two clips 20051 to fix the anchor chain 2001, and the anchor chain 2001 is prevented from moving toward the opening at the lower end of the chain guide passage 2003.
Referring to fig. 8, in the floating breakwater structure with a wave breaking chamber and a breakwater according to the preferred embodiment, U-shaped rings 2006 are provided at the wave facing side and the wave backing side of the pontoon portion 100, and the ends of the anchor chains 2001 are connected to the U-shaped rings 2006. The above-described structure may be selected to connect anchor chain 2001 with pontoon portion 100 when the environmental load is low and the tension to which anchor chain 2001 is subjected is low. The outer wall 1001 may be thickened at the location where the U-shaped ring 2006 is disposed.
Referring to fig. 3, 4, 9 and 10, in the floating breakwater structure with a wave breaking chamber and a wave blocking plate, as a preferred embodiment, the connection part 300 includes a cantilever 3001 disposed at both sides of the pontoon part 100, a groove 3002 disposed in the cantilever 3001, a snap ring 3003 disposed in the groove 3002, and a connection member 3004; the two ends of the connecting member 3004 are respectively disposed in the corresponding grooves 3002 of the cantilevers 3001 of the adjacent buoyancy tank portions 100, and are fixed by the snap ring 3003. The two sides of the buoyancy tank 100 described herein refer to the other two sides of the buoyancy tank 100 other than the head side and the back side. A plurality of grooves 3002 may be formed in the suspension 3001, and the connectors 3004 may connect adjacent buoyancy tanks 100 together, and a plurality of connectors 3004 may be used to connect adjacent buoyancy tanks 100 to reinforce the connection strength of the adjacent buoyancy tanks 100.
Referring to fig. 9 and 10, in the floating breakwater structure with a wave dissipating chamber and a wave blocking plate, as a preferred embodiment, one end of the snap ring 3003 is movably fixed in the groove 3002, and the other end is fixed in the groove 3002 by the bolt 3005; the connecting piece 3004 is made of rubber material, and two ends of the connecting piece 3004 are provided with protrusions. To better adapt to the bumpy environment, the connector 3004 is made of a rubber material. After the snap ring 3003 fixes the connecting member 3004, the protrusion of the connecting member 3004 is outside the snap ring 3003, so that the connecting member 3004 can be prevented from being released from the snap ring 3003.
Referring to fig. 9 and 10, in order to ensure the flatness between the buoyancy modules 100 in the floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipating chambers and the wave blocking plates, asphalt sand 3006 is filled in the grooves 3002, and the asphalt sand 3006 is filled to be flush with the upper surface of the buoyancy modules 100.
Referring to fig. 9, in the floating breakwater structure with a wave-breaking chamber and a breakwater according to the preferred embodiment, in order to prevent the collision of the lower portions of the adjacent pontoon portions 100, the connecting portion 300 further includes a connecting ring 3007, a chain 3008, and a rubber ring 3009 provided at both sides of the pontoon portions 100; the chains 3008 are respectively connected to the connection rings 3007 of the adjacent buoyancy tank portions 100; the rubber ring 3009 is hung on the chain 3008.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, as a preferred embodiment, the floating breakwater structure with a wave dissipating chamber and a breakwater further includes an auxiliary facility unit 400; the ancillary facility portion 400 includes a fender 4001 and a tow ring 4002; a fender 4001 is arranged on the back wave side of the floating box part 100; the towing ring 4002 is arranged at the position of the buoyancy tank part 100 close to the connecting part 300. The fender 4001 protects the float chamber portion 100 from collision. The tow band 4002 is used for temporary fixation when the pontoon portions 100 are connected.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, the present embodiment provides a method for constructing a floating breakwater structure with a wave dissipation chamber and a breakwater, and the technical scheme includes the following steps:
s1, prefabricating the buoyancy tank part 100 in a factory, and embedding embedded parts of the anchoring system part 200, the connecting part 300 and the accessory facility part 400 into the buoyancy tank part 100;
s2, transporting the prefabricated buoyancy tank part 100, the anchoring system part 200, the connecting part 300 and the auxiliary facility part 400 to a construction and installation site in batches;
s3, measuring and positioning, and constructing the anchoring foundation 2002 of the anchoring system part 200; after completion, each anchoring foundation 2002 is respectively connected with the tail of the corresponding anchor chain 2001, and a field tension test is carried out; after the pulling force meets the requirement, the anchor chain 2001 is paved to the seabed according to a preset scheme; a steel wire rope and a picking buoy are fixed at the end part of the anchor chain 2001, the end part of the anchor chain 2001 floats on the sea surface by virtue of the picking buoy, and the end part is arranged at a pre-installation position close to the floating box part 100;
s4, the first buoyancy tank section 100 is transported in place by buoyancy, and the end of the anchor chain 2001 is threaded through the chain guide channel 2003 by using a steel wire rope; symmetrically lifting the anchor chain 2001 by using a winch until the tension of the anchor chain 2001 meets the requirement;
s5, installing the next buoyancy tank section 100 by adopting the step of S4; after the next section of buoyancy tank part 100 is installed, the adjacent buoyancy tank parts 100 are connected together through the connecting part 300;
s6, repeating S5 until all the buoyancy tank parts 100 are installed;
s7, the ancillary facility unit 400 is attached to the buoyancy tank unit 100.
In the construction method of the floating breakwater structure with the wave dissipation chamber and the wave blocking plate of the embodiment, the tension of the anchor chain 2001 is adjusted in the construction process, so that the stress of each floating box part 100 is basically consistent, and the stability of the whole floating breakwater structure is improved. In S4, in order to facilitate the construction of the connection 300, before the construction of the connection 300, the two buoyancy tank units 100 may be temporarily fixed by passing a wire rope through the towing rings 4002 of the adjacent buoyancy tank units 100. In addition, the process of floating the pontoon portion 100 can be towed by a tug boat using the tow ring 4002.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (18)
1. A floating breakwater structure with a wave dissipation chamber and a wave blocking plate is characterized by comprising a floating box part (100), an anchoring system part (200) and a connecting part (300);
the buoyancy tank parts (100) are positioned on the sea surface through the anchoring system part (200), the buoyancy tank parts (100) are sequentially arranged, and the adjacent buoyancy tank parts (100) are connected with each other through a connecting part (300);
wave dissipation chambers (1004) are respectively arranged on one side close to the head-on wave side and one side close to the back wave side in the floating box part (100), and a floating cabin chamber (1006) is arranged in the middle in the floating box part (100).
2. The floating breakwater structure with a wave breaking chamber and a breakwater of claim 1, wherein the pontoon portion (100) comprises a rectangular frame formed by outer walls (1001), and the wave breaking chamber (1004) and the floating chamber (1006) are partitioned by longitudinal partitions (1002) and transverse partitions (1003) arranged in the rectangular frame.
3. The floating breakwater structure with the wave breaking chamber and the wave blocking plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of wave breaking holes (1005) are formed in the surface of the buoyancy tank part (100), the wave breaking holes (1005) are connected with the inside of the wave breaking chamber (1004), and seawater enters the wave breaking chamber (1004) through the wave breaking holes (1005).
4. The floating breakwater structure with wave breaking chambers and wave blocking plates as claimed in claim 1, wherein the floating chamber (1006) is filled with foam filler (1007).
5. The floating breakwater structure with a wave dissipating chamber and a breakwater of claim 2, wherein the longitudinal partition walls (1002) are extended downward to form a hanging plate (1008) at the lower side of the bottom of the pontoon portion (100).
6. The floating breakwater structure with a wave breaking chamber and a wave blocking plate of claim 2, wherein a reinforcing chamfer (1009) is arranged at each connecting node of the outer wall body (1001), the longitudinal partition wall (1002) and the transverse partition wall (1003).
7. The floating breakwater structure with a wave breaking chamber and a breakwater of claim 1, wherein the material of the pontoon portion (100) is a lightweight reinforced concrete structure.
8. The floating breakwater structure with the wave-breaking chamber and the wave-blocking plate as claimed in claim 7, wherein the lightweight reinforced concrete structure is made of ceramsite lightweight coarse aggregate, strength grade C45, and corrosion resistance enhancer.
9. The floating breakwater structure with wave breaking chambers and breakwaters according to claim 1, wherein the mooring system part (200) comprises a chain (2001), and a mooring foundation (2002);
the end part of the anchor chain (2001) is connected with the wave facing side or the back wave side of the buoyancy tank part (100); the tail part of the anchor chain (2001) is connected with an anchoring foundation (2002); the anchoring foundation (2002) is anchored to the seabed;
the anchoring system parts (200) are symmetrically arranged at the wave-facing side and the back wave side of the buoyancy tank part (100).
10. The floating breakwater structure with wave breaking chambers and wave breakwaters as claimed in claim 9, wherein a chain guide passage (2003) is provided in the pontoon portion (100);
the lower end opening of the chain guide channel (2003) is arranged on the head side or the back wave side of the floating box part (100), and the upper end opening is arranged on the upper side of the floating box part (100); an anchor chain fixing device (2005) is arranged at an opening at the upper end of the chain guide channel (2003);
the anchor chain (2001) penetrates through the chain guide channel (2003) and is fixed through the anchor chain fixing device (2005).
11. The floating breakwater structure with a wave breaking chamber and a breakwater of claim 10, wherein the anchor chain fixing means (2005) comprises two clips (20051);
the tail parts of the clamping pieces (20051) are arranged on the lateral part outside the opening at the upper end of the chain guide channel (2003), the head parts of the two clamping pieces (20051) are oppositely arranged on the upper part of the opening at the upper end of the chain guide channel (2003), and each clamping piece (20051) rotates by taking the tail part of the clamping piece (20051) as a shaft.
12. The floating breakwater structure with a wave breaking chamber and a breakwater of claim 9, wherein U-shaped rings (2006) are provided at the wave facing side and the wave backing side of the pontoon portion (100), and ends of the anchor chains (2001) are connected to the U-shaped rings (2006).
13. The floating breakwater structure with a wave breaking chamber and a breakwater of claim 1, wherein the connection part (300) comprises cantilevers (3001) disposed at both sides of the pontoon part (100), grooves (3002) disposed in the cantilevers (3001), snap rings (3003) disposed in the grooves (3002), and connectors (3004);
the two ends of the connecting piece (3004) are respectively arranged in the grooves (3002) corresponding to the cantilevers (3001) of the adjacent buoyancy tank parts (100) and are fixed through the clamping rings (3003).
14. The floating breakwater structure with a wave dissipating chamber and a breakwater of claim 13, wherein one end of the snap ring (3003) is movably fixed in the groove (3002), and the other end is fixed in the groove (3002) by a bolt (3005); the connecting piece (3004) is made of rubber materials, and two ends of the connecting piece (3004) are provided with protrusions.
15. The floating breakwater structure with a wave dissipating chamber and a wave blocking plate of claim 13, wherein the groove (3002) is filled with tar sand (3006), and the tar sand (3006) is filled to a position flush with the upper surface of the pontoon portion (100).
16. The floating breakwater structure with a wave breaking chamber and a breakwater according to claim 13, wherein the connecting part (300) further comprises a connecting ring (3007), a chain (3008) and a rubber ring (3009) arranged at both sides of the pontoon part (100);
the chains (3008) are respectively connected with the connecting rings (3007) of the adjacent buoyancy tank parts (100);
the rubber ring (3009) is hung on the chain (3008).
17. The floating breakwater structure with a wave dissipating chamber and a breakwater of claim 1, further comprising an attachment section (400); the ancillary facility section (400) comprises a fender (4001) and a tow band (4002);
a fender (4001) is arranged on the back wave side of the floating box part (100);
a towing ring (4002) is arranged at the position, close to the connecting part (300), of the floating box part (100).
18. A method of constructing a floating breakwater structure having a wave dissipating chamber and a breakwater according to any one of claims 1 to 17, comprising the steps of:
s1, prefabricating the buoyancy tank part (100) in a factory, and embedding embedded parts of the anchoring system part (200), the connecting part (300) and the accessory facility part (400) into the buoyancy tank part (100);
s2, transporting the prefabricated buoyancy tank part (100), the anchoring system part (200), the connecting part (300) and the auxiliary facility part (400) to a construction and installation site in batches;
s3, measuring and positioning, and constructing an anchoring foundation (2002) of the anchoring system part (200); after the completion, each anchoring foundation (2002) is respectively connected with the tail part of the corresponding anchor chain (2001), and a field tension test is carried out; after the pulling force meets the requirement, the anchor chain (2001) is paved to the seabed according to a preset scheme; a steel wire rope and a picking buoy are fixed at the end part of the anchor chain (2001), the end part of the anchor chain (2001) floats on the sea surface by virtue of the picking buoy and is arranged at a pre-installation position close to the buoyancy tank part (100);
s4, the first section of buoyancy tank part (100) is transported in place in a floating mode, and the end part of the anchor chain (2001) penetrates through the chain guide channel (2003) through a steel wire rope; symmetrically lifting the anchor chain (2001) by using a winch until the tension of the anchor chain (2001) meets the requirement;
s5, adopting the step S4 to install the next section of buoyancy tank part (100); after the next section of buoyancy tank part (100) is installed, connecting the adjacent buoyancy tank parts (100) together through the connecting part (300);
s6, repeating S5 until all the buoyancy tank parts (100) are installed;
s7, an auxiliary facility unit (400) is attached to the buoyancy tank unit (100).
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| CN202111495310.1A CN114215004A (en) | 2021-12-09 | 2021-12-09 | Floating breakwater structure with wave dissipation chamber and wave blocking plate and construction method thereof |
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| CN202111495310.1A CN114215004A (en) | 2021-12-09 | 2021-12-09 | Floating breakwater structure with wave dissipation chamber and wave blocking plate and construction method thereof |
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| CN115110474A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-27 | 中国交通建设股份有限公司 | Wave dissipation dam and wave dissipation dam system |
| CN116446332A (en) * | 2023-05-23 | 2023-07-18 | 宁波大学 | Floating wave-proof structure and use method thereof |
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