CN114214583A - Aging heat treatment process for high-efficiency reinforced nickel-based high-temperature alloy - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an aging heat treatment process for high-efficiency reinforced nickel-based high-temperature alloy, which comprises the following steps: s1: heating the furnace to 1100-1160 ℃, adding the Inconel 625 alloy, and keeping the temperature for (d x 0.6+30) - (d x 0.6+70) min, wherein d is the cross section direct product of the Inconel 625 alloy and the unit is mm; s2: taking out the Inconel 625 alloy, and putting the Inconel 625 alloy into water for quenching, wherein the quenching water temperature is 10-25 ℃; s3: putting the Inconel 625 alloy subjected to primary quenching into a furnace at the temperature of 750-800 ℃ again, applying tensile stress, and keeping the temperature for 20-40 h, wherein the stress level is 100-250 MPa; s4: and taking out the Inconel 625 alloy, and performing secondary quenching, wherein the quenching water temperature is 10-25 ℃. According to the invention, by applying the tensile stress to the Inconel 625 alloy subjected to solid solution strengthening, creep aging heat treatment is carried out, the generation efficiency of the delta phase is increased, hundreds of hours of heating are not needed, the practicability is effectively improved, and in the heat treatment process, the application of the tensile stress also enables the delta phase to be faster in forming speed, more in quantity, more uniform in distribution and smaller in size, so that the tensile strength is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an aging heat treatment process for high-efficiency reinforced nickel-based high-temperature alloy, belonging to the technical field of high-temperature alloy.
Background
In recent years, with the increasing push ratio of aero-engines, the service environment of key parts has become very harsh. Therefore, higher requirements are put forward on the high-temperature strength, the durability and the microstructure stability of the high-temperature alloy. In order to improve the high-temperature alloy material technology in China, the manufacturing innovation system construction of the high-temperature alloy needs to be enhanced, and the key common technology research and development of the high-temperature alloy needs to be enhanced so as to promote the healthy and continuous development of the aerospace industry in China.
The high-temperature alloy is an alloy metal which takes iron, nickel and cobalt as a matrix and can work for a long time at a high temperature of 600 ℃ or above and under the action of a certain stress, and has good oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance, so that the high-temperature alloy becomes an indispensable material in the fields of equipment manufacturing, energy chemical industry, national defense and the like. The high-temperature alloy has various types, and among the high-temperature alloys, the nickel-based high-temperature alloy has the largest use amount and the widest use range. In particular, the key parts of aircraft engines: turbine blades, combustion chambers, and even turbochargers are often made of nickel-based superalloys.
Among the nickel-based superalloys, the nickel-based superalloys can be divided into solid solution strengthening type alloys and precipitation strengthening type alloys according to different strengthening modes, and the solid solution strengthening type nickel-based superalloys represented by Inconel 625 alloy have a single-phase face-centered cubic structure, so that the corrosion resistance is good; meanwhile, as the 3d electron layer is almost filled, atoms with larger radius, such as Fe, Al, Ti, Cr, Mo, Nb and the like can be dissolved, and the alloy matrix can generate lattice expansion along with the dissolution of a large amount of atoms, so that a long-range internal stress field is generated, thereby inhibiting the dislocation movement in the alloy deformation process, playing the role of solid solution strengthening and further improving the strength of the alloy.
In metal materials, common strengthening methods include: deformation strengthening, solid solution strengthening, precipitation strengthening and fine grain strengthening. For the single-phase Inconel 625 alloy, if a second phase can be introduced into a gamma-Ni matrix, the strength of the alloy is further improved by adding precipitation strengthening effect on the basis of solid solution strengthening. Therefore, the scholars at home and abroad have conducted intensive research on the type of the second phase in the nickel-base superalloy, the heat treatment process for obtaining the second phase and the influence of the second phase on the mechanical properties of the alloy.
Journal article kinetic simulation of nucleation, growth and coarsening of gamma-phase precipitates in nickel-based alloy 625
(modeling the circulation, growth and alloying kinetics of gamma' precipitation in the Ni-base Alloy 625(Acta Materialia, 2016, 119: 157-; journal article "Inconel 625 alloy High temperature low cycle fatigue Properties of alloy 625" (Materials Science&Engineering a, 2016, 650: 161-170)) demonstrated that the dispersed gamma "phase can significantly improve the fatigue resistance of the Inconel 625 alloy; similarly, journal article "influence of elemental composition on the long-range order evolution of Ni-Cr alloy annealing" (Effect of stoichiometrics on the evolution of thermally and electrically connected Long-range ordering in Ni-Cr alloys (Materialia, 2019, 100453)) obtained ordered strengthening phase Ni-Cr alloy by aging at 475 ℃ for 5000h2Cr and nano indentation technology test proves the dispersed Ni2The Cr phase can effectively improve the surface hardness of the alloy.
Although numerous studies have demonstrated the introduction of secondary phases, e.g., gamma prime, Ni, into single phase nickel-base superalloys2Cr phase and delta phase can obviously improve the mechanical property of the alloy, but the prior art can obviously improve the mechanical property of the alloyThe aim is usually realized by adopting a high-temperature long-time aging method, the aging time is hundreds of hours, even thousands of hours, the period is long, the cost is high, and the application in practical production is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an aging heat treatment process for efficiently strengthening a nickel-based high-temperature alloy, which not only solves the problems that the mechanical property of a single-phase nickel-based high-temperature alloy is insufficient and needs to be improved in the prior art, but also solves the problems that the introduction of a second phase structure in the prior art consumes long time and has high cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an aging heat treatment process for high-efficiency strengthening nickel-based high-temperature alloy comprises the following steps:
s1: heating the furnace to 1100-1160 ℃, adding the Inconel 625 alloy, and keeping the temperature for (d x 0.6+30) - (d x 0.6+70) min, wherein d is the cross section direct product of the Inconel 625 alloy and the unit is mm;
s2: taking out the Inconel 625 alloy, and putting the Inconel 625 alloy into water for quenching, wherein the quenching water temperature is 10-25 ℃;
s3: putting the Inconel 625 alloy subjected to primary quenching into a furnace at the temperature of 750-800 ℃ again, applying tensile stress, and keeping the temperature for 20-40 h, wherein the stress level is 100-250 MPa;
s4: and taking out the Inconel 625 alloy, and performing secondary quenching, wherein the quenching water temperature is 10-25 ℃.
1. In the above embodiment, in step S1, the Inconel 625 alloy is heated in a box-type resistance furnace.
2. In the scheme, in the step S1, the method for raising the temperature of the furnace to 1100-1160 ℃ comprises the following steps: heating to 650 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, heating to 950 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and finally heating to 1100-1160 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃ per minute.
3. In the above scheme, in step S1, the box-type resistance furnace is lined with refractory bricks on which an Inconel 625 alloy is placed, and the Inconel 625 alloy on the refractory bricks is located in the middle of the hearth.
4. In the above scheme, in step S3, the Inconel 625 alloy is subjected to a stress of 170MPa at 750 ℃ and then is subjected to heat preservation for 20 hours.
5. In the above scheme, in step S3, the Inconel 625 alloy is subjected to a stress of 250MPa at 800 ℃ and held for 40 hours.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the aging heat treatment process for the high-efficiency reinforced nickel-based high-temperature alloy, the needle-shaped delta phase is introduced into the Inconel 625 alloy, so that the tensile strength of the Inconel 625 alloy is effectively improved.
2. According to the aging heat treatment process for the high-efficiency strengthening nickel-based high-temperature alloy, the tensile stress is applied to the Inconel 625 alloy subjected to solid solution strengthening, creep aging heat treatment is carried out, the generation efficiency of the delta phase is accelerated, heating for hundreds of hours or thousands of hours is not needed, and the practicability is effectively improved.
3. According to the aging heat treatment process for the high-efficiency strengthened nickel-based high-temperature alloy, in the heat treatment process, the application of the tensile stress enables the delta phase to be faster in forming speed, more in quantity, more uniform in distribution and smaller in size, and the tensile strength is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of tensile stress strain at 650 ℃ for an Inconel 625 alloy after aging at 750 ℃ in inventive example 1 and comparative example 1;
FIG. 2 is a microstructure of a conventional stress-aged Inconel 625 alloy;
FIG. 3 is a microstructure diagram of an Inconel 625 alloy of the aging heat treatment process for the high-efficiency strengthened nickel-base superalloy of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the tensile stress strain at 650 ℃ for the Inconel 625 alloy after 750 ℃ aging in inventive example 2 and comparative example 2.
Detailed Description
Example 1: an aging heat treatment process for high-efficiency strengthening nickel-based high-temperature alloy comprises the following steps:
s1: machining an Inconel 625 alloy sample into a specified size, meeting the requirement of a hearth of a box-type resistance furnace and ensuring uniform heating; putting refractory bricks into a hearth, so that the Inconel 625 alloy can be positioned in the middle of the hearth after being put on the refractory bricks; heating to 650 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min, heating to 950 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, heating to 1130 ℃ at a speed of 3 ℃ per minute, putting the Inconel 625 alloy, and keeping the temperature for (d x 0.6+50) min, wherein d is the cross-sectional direct product of the Inconel 625 alloy, and the unit is mm;
s2: taking out the Inconel 625 alloy, and putting the Inconel 625 alloy into water for quenching, wherein the quenching water temperature is 20 ℃;
s3: putting the Inconel 625 alloy subjected to primary quenching into a furnace at 750 ℃, applying tensile stress, and preserving heat for 20 hours, wherein the stress level is 170 MPa;
s4: and taking out the Inconel 625 alloy, carrying out secondary quenching, wherein the quenching water temperature is 20 ℃, and obtaining the Inconel 625 alloy with dispersed delta phase, wherein the size of the delta phase is about 240nm, and the volume fraction exceeds 50%.
Comparative example 1: machining an Inconel 625 alloy sample into a specified size, meeting the requirement of a hearth of a box type resistance furnace and ensuring uniform heating; putting refractory bricks into the hearth, so that the Inconel 625 alloy can be positioned in the middle of the hearth after being put on the refractory bricks; heating to 650 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min, heating to 950 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, heating to 1130 ℃ at a speed of 3 ℃ per minute, putting the Inconel 625 alloy, and keeping the temperature for (d x 0.6+50) min, wherein d is the cross-sectional direct product of the Inconel 625 alloy, and the unit is mm; taking out the Inconel 625 alloy, and putting the Inconel 625 alloy into water for quenching, wherein the quenching water temperature is 20 ℃; putting the Inconel 625 alloy subjected to primary quenching into a furnace at 750 ℃ again, and preserving heat for 100 hours; and taking out the Inconel 625 alloy, carrying out secondary quenching, wherein the quenching water temperature is 20 ℃, and obtaining the Inconel 625 alloy with a small amount of acicular delta phase, wherein the size of the delta phase is about 0.5-1 mu m, and the volume fraction is lower than 10%.
Referring to figure 1:
TABLE 1 tensile Properties at 650 ℃ of the Inconel 625 alloy after 750 ℃ aging
| Heat treatment System | Yield strength (MPa) | Tensile strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) |
| 750℃-100h-0MPa | 336 | 750 | 52.6 |
| 750℃-20h-170MPa | 429 | 749 | 53.1 |
Example 2: an aging heat treatment process for high-efficiency strengthening nickel-based high-temperature alloy comprises the following steps:
s1: machining an Inconel 625 alloy sample into a specified size, meeting the requirement of a hearth of a box-type resistance furnace and ensuring uniform heating; putting refractory bricks into a hearth, so that the Inconel 625 alloy can be positioned in the middle of the hearth after being put on the refractory bricks; heating to 650 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min, heating to 950 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, heating to 1130 ℃ at a speed of 3 ℃ per minute, putting the Inconel 625 alloy, and keeping the temperature for (d x 0.6+50) min, wherein d is the cross-sectional direct product of the Inconel 625 alloy, and the unit is mm;
s2: taking out the Inconel 625 alloy, and putting the Inconel 625 alloy into water for quenching, wherein the quenching water temperature is 20 ℃;
s3: putting the Inconel 625 alloy subjected to primary quenching into a furnace at 750 ℃, applying tensile stress, and preserving heat for 20 hours, wherein the stress level is 220 MPa;
s4: and (3) taking out the Inconel 625 alloy, carrying out secondary quenching, wherein the quenching water temperature is 20 ℃, and obtaining the Inconel 625 alloy with dispersed delta phase, wherein the size of the delta phase is about 400nm, the volume fraction exceeds 70%, and referring to the attached figure 2.
Comparative example 2: machining an Inconel 625 alloy sample into a specified size, meeting the requirement of a hearth of a box type resistance furnace and ensuring uniform heating; putting refractory bricks into the hearth, so that the Inconel 625 alloy can be positioned in the middle of the hearth after being put on the refractory bricks; heating to 650 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min, heating to 950 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, heating to 1130 ℃ at a speed of 3 ℃ per minute, putting the Inconel 625 alloy, and keeping the temperature for (d x 0.6+50) min, wherein d is the cross-sectional direct product of the Inconel 625 alloy, and the unit is mm; taking out the Inconel 625 alloy, and putting the Inconel 625 alloy into water for quenching, wherein the quenching water temperature is 20 ℃; putting the Inconel 625 alloy subjected to primary quenching into a furnace at 750 ℃ again, and preserving heat for 200 hours; and taking out the Inconel 625 alloy, carrying out secondary quenching, wherein the quenching water temperature is 20 ℃, and obtaining the Inconel 625 alloy with a small amount of long rod-shaped needle-shaped delta phase, wherein the size is about 0.8-10 mu m, and the volume fraction is lower than 30%, and referring to the attached figure 3.
Referring to fig. 4:
TABLE 2 tensile Properties of 750 ℃ aged Inconel 625 alloy at 650 ℃
| Heat treatment System | Yield strength (MPa) | Tensile strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) |
| 750℃-200h-0MPa | 414 | 771 | 44.3 |
| 750℃-20h-220MPa | 519 | 856 | 42.4 |
Example 3: an aging heat treatment process for high-efficiency strengthening nickel-based high-temperature alloy comprises the following steps:
s1: machining an Inconel 625 alloy sample into a specified size, meeting the requirement of a hearth of a box-type resistance furnace and ensuring uniform heating; putting refractory bricks into a hearth, so that the Inconel 625 alloy can be positioned in the middle of the hearth after being put on the refractory bricks; heating to 650 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min, heating to 950 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, heating to 1130 ℃ at a speed of 3 ℃ per minute, putting the Inconel 625 alloy, and keeping the temperature for (d x 0.6+50) min, wherein d is the cross-sectional direct product of the Inconel 625 alloy, and the unit is mm;
s2: taking out the Inconel 625 alloy, and putting the Inconel 625 alloy into water for quenching, wherein the quenching water temperature is 20 ℃;
s3: putting the Inconel 625 alloy subjected to primary quenching into a furnace at 800 ℃ again, applying tensile stress, and preserving heat for 30 hours, wherein the stress level is 200 MPa;
s4: and taking out the Inconel 625 alloy, carrying out secondary quenching, wherein the quenching water temperature is 20 ℃, and obtaining the Inconel 625 alloy with the dispersed delta phase.
Example 4: an aging heat treatment process for high-efficiency strengthening nickel-based high-temperature alloy comprises the following steps:
s1: machining an Inconel 625 alloy sample into a specified size, meeting the requirement of a hearth of a box-type resistance furnace and ensuring uniform heating; putting refractory bricks into a hearth, so that the Inconel 625 alloy can be positioned in the middle of the hearth after being put on the refractory bricks; heating to 650 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min, heating to 950 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, heating to 1130 ℃ at a speed of 3 ℃ per minute, putting the Inconel 625 alloy, and keeping the temperature for (d x 0.6+50) min, wherein d is the cross-sectional direct product of the Inconel 625 alloy, and the unit is mm;
s2: taking out the Inconel 625 alloy, and putting the Inconel 625 alloy into water for quenching, wherein the quenching water temperature is 20 ℃;
s3: putting the Inconel 625 alloy subjected to primary quenching into a furnace at 800 ℃ again, applying tensile stress, and keeping the temperature for 20 hours, wherein the stress level is 100 MPa;
s4: and taking out the Inconel 625 alloy, carrying out secondary quenching, wherein the quenching water temperature is 20 ℃, and obtaining the Inconel 625 alloy with the dispersed delta phase.
Example 5: an aging heat treatment process for high-efficiency strengthening nickel-based high-temperature alloy comprises the following steps:
s1: machining an Inconel 625 alloy sample into a specified size, meeting the requirement of a hearth of a box-type resistance furnace and ensuring uniform heating; putting refractory bricks into a hearth, so that the Inconel 625 alloy can be positioned in the middle of the hearth after being put on the refractory bricks; heating to 650 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min, heating to 950 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, heating to 1130 ℃ at a speed of 3 ℃ per minute, putting the Inconel 625 alloy, and keeping the temperature for (d x 0.6+50) min, wherein d is the cross-sectional direct product of the Inconel 625 alloy, and the unit is mm;
s2: taking out the Inconel 625 alloy, and putting the Inconel 625 alloy into water for quenching, wherein the quenching water temperature is 20 ℃;
s3: putting the Inconel 625 alloy subjected to primary quenching into a furnace at 800 ℃ again, applying tensile stress, and preserving heat for 40 hours, wherein the stress level is 250 MPa;
s4: and taking out the Inconel 625 alloy, carrying out secondary quenching, wherein the quenching water temperature is 20 ℃, and obtaining the Inconel 625 alloy with the dispersed delta phase.
By adopting the scheme, the needle-shaped delta phase is introduced into the Inconel 625 alloy, so that the tensile strength of the Inconel 625 alloy is effectively improved.
In addition, the Inconel 625 alloy after solid solution strengthening is subjected to tensile stress and creep aging heat treatment, so that the generation efficiency of a delta phase is improved, hundreds of hours of heating is not needed, and the practicability of the alloy is effectively improved.
In addition, in the heat treatment process, the application of tensile stress also enables the forming speed of the delta phase to be faster, the quantity to be more, the distribution to be more uniform and the size to be finer, thereby greatly improving the tensile strength.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the embodiments is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An aging heat treatment process for high-efficiency strengthening nickel-based high-temperature alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: heating the furnace to 1100-1160 ℃, adding the Inconel 625 alloy, and keeping the temperature for (d x 0.6+30) - (d x 0.6+70) min, wherein d is the cross section direct product of the Inconel 625 alloy and the unit is mm;
s2: taking out the Inconel 625 alloy, and putting the Inconel 625 alloy into water for quenching, wherein the quenching water temperature is 10-25 ℃;
s3: putting the Inconel 625 alloy subjected to primary quenching into a furnace at the temperature of 750-800 ℃ again, applying tensile stress, and keeping the temperature for 20-40 h, wherein the stress level is 100-250 MPa;
s4: and taking out the Inconel 625 alloy, and performing secondary quenching, wherein the quenching water temperature is 10-25 ℃.
2. The aging heat treatment process for the high-efficiency strengthened nickel-base superalloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the Inconel 625 alloy is heated by a box-type resistance furnace.
3. The aging heat treatment process of the high-efficiency strengthened nickel-base superalloy according to claim 2, wherein in the step S1, the method for increasing the furnace temperature to 1100-1160 ℃ comprises the following steps: heating to 650 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, heating to 950 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and finally heating to 1100-1160 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃ per minute.
4. The aging heat treatment process for the high-efficiency strengthened nickel-base superalloy as claimed in claim 2, wherein in step S1, refractory bricks for the Inconel 625 alloy are placed in the box-type resistance furnace, and the Inconel 625 alloy on the refractory bricks is located in the middle of the hearth.
5. The aging heat treatment process for the high-efficiency strengthened nickel-base superalloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the Inconel 625 alloy is subjected to 170MPa stress at 750 ℃ and is subjected to heat preservation for 20 hours.
6. The aging heat treatment process for the high-efficiency strengthened nickel-base superalloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the Inconel 625 alloy is subjected to stress of 250MPa at 800 ℃ and is subjected to heat preservation for 40 hours.
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| CN115846403A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2023-03-28 | 贵州大学 | Cobalt-based alloy with long rod-shaped phase structure with large number of stacking faults and deformation nanometer twin crystals and preparation method thereof |
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| CN115522149A (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2022-12-27 | 南通俊泰合金纤维有限公司 | Nickel-chromium resistance alloy microwire heat treatment process |
| CN115747688A (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-03-07 | 西北工业大学 | Aging heat treatment method for prolonging creep endurance life of nickel-based high-temperature alloy |
| CN115747688B (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-10-20 | 西北工业大学 | Aging heat treatment method for improving creep endurance life of nickel-based superalloy |
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