CN114214551A - Preparation method of low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy - Google Patents
Preparation method of low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN114214551A CN114214551A CN202111562158.4A CN202111562158A CN114214551A CN 114214551 A CN114214551 A CN 114214551A CN 202111562158 A CN202111562158 A CN 202111562158A CN 114214551 A CN114214551 A CN 114214551A
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/04—Alloys based on magnesium with zinc or cadmium as the next major constituent
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy, which comprises the steps of carrying out homogenization, hot extrusion and one-time cold rolling treatment along the extrusion direction on a Mg-Zn-Ce ternary alloy cast ingot in sequence to obtain the low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy. Wherein, the extruded magnesium alloy blank is in a double-peak texture type, and the annealed magnesium alloy is in a ring texture type. The anisotropy of the mechanical property of the wrought magnesium alloy can be effectively weakened only by one-time cold rolling and 1-time annealing in the whole rolling forming process, the prepared high-plasticity magnesium alloy has excellent performance, particularly has higher plasticity along the rolling direction and the direction vertical to the rolling direction and basically keeps consistent, the plasticity is up to 43 percent, the anisotropy of the magnesium alloy can be effectively weakened while the plasticity of the alloy is improved, the subsequent large deformation and cold processing are facilitated, the potential of the magnesium alloy as an engineering component material is greatly improved, and the engineering field of possible application of the magnesium alloy is expanded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of magnesium alloy material manufacturing, in particular to a preparation method of a low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy.
Background
The magnesium alloy is used as a green light metal structure material in the twenty-first century, has outstanding contribution to energy conservation, emission reduction and environmental protection, and has wider application range compared with a cast magnesium alloy, however, due to the lower crystal symmetry of magnesium, the magnesium alloy is easy to generate deformation texture in the deformation process, so that the plastic anisotropy is obvious, and the further deformation processing of the magnesium alloy is limited. Therefore, the preparation of the high-plasticity magnesium alloy with low anisotropy has important strategic significance for promoting the large-scale application of the wrought magnesium alloy.
At present, various processes for eliminating the anisotropy of magnesium alloy exist at home and abroad, such as asynchronous rolling, equal-diameter angular rolling, cross rolling, unidirectional repeated bending deformation and the like, but the processes of the methods are relatively complex, the technical difficulty is higher, and large-size block materials cannot be produced. The multidirectional forging process is to repeatedly upset and draw out magnesium alloy blanks from different directions, and the blanks are subjected to furnace returning and annealing after each pass of deformation, so that the aims of reducing residual stress and refining grains through static recrystallization, the plasticity is improved, the heat preservation time is well controlled, the surface area of a grain boundary is increased due to grain refinement for preventing severe grain growth, a grain boundary sliding deformation mechanism accounts for a large enough amount of total deformation, and besides basal plane sliding and twin, the deformation is coordinated by a large amount of grain boundary sliding, so that the texture is weakened. Therefore, multidirectional forging is also a common method at present, which can effectively weaken the mechanical property anisotropy of the wrought magnesium alloy as a cogging means. However, in the multi-directional forging forming process, the deformation is strictly controlled, and the small-deformation multi-pass reverse forging is adopted, so that the forming property and the mechanical property of the material are ensured, and the formation of strong base texture is avoided, thereby causing complex process and high requirement on technical personnel. Because most of cast magnesium alloys have poor room temperature plasticity and are not beneficial to large plastic deformation at one time in the rolling process, no related report about realizing low anisotropy of the magnesium alloy by one-time cold rolling exists.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: how to provide a preparation method of a low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy, and solving the problems of complex process, need of multidirectional forging, higher technical difficulty and the like in the existing method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy comprises the following steps:
1) homogenizing a magnesium alloy ingot, and air-cooling to room temperature to obtain a magnesium alloy blank, wherein the magnesium alloy is a ternary Mg-Zn-Ce alloy;
2) preheating the magnesium alloy blank subjected to homogenization treatment to 450-460 ℃, then putting the magnesium alloy blank into an extrusion cylinder, and carrying out hot extrusion on the magnesium alloy blank in an extrusion state in an extruder, wherein the obtained extruded magnesium alloy blank is in a bimodal texture type;
3) and carrying out one-time cold rolling on the extruded blank along the extrusion direction, wherein the pass reduction is 5-20%, and then carrying out annealing treatment to obtain the magnesium alloy which is in a ring texture type, namely the low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy.
Thus, excessive deformation in a single pass during forging can form strong basal texture, which causes obvious anisotropy in mechanical properties of products and increases the risk of ingot cracking. And too low deformation easily causes excessive growth of crystal grains, and influences the mechanical property of the product.
Preferably, the magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5-3% of Zn, 0.1-0.5% of Ce, and the balance of magnesium and non-removable impurity elements.
Preferably, the homogenization treatment is carried out at 470-480 ℃ for 18-19 h.
Preferably, the one-pass cold rolling reduction amount is 8%.
Preferably, the one-pass cold rolling reduction amount is 19%.
Preferably, the hot extrusion temperature is 420-450 ℃.
Preferably, the extrusion speed is 1-2 mm/min, and the extrusion ratio is 28-30: 1.
preferably, the annealing temperature is 350-360 ℃, and the time is 1-2 h.
The invention also aims to provide the low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy prepared by the method.
The invention also aims to provide application of the low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy in engineering structural materials.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the Mg-Zn-Ce ternary alloy is selected as a raw material, the magnesium alloy is in a double-peak texture type after an optimized extrusion process, and the magnesium alloy is in an annular texture type after an optimized cold rolling annealing process. The method has the advantages that relatively low pass deformation is adopted, the pass deformation is controlled within 5-20%, strong base texture is prevented from being formed in the deformation process, meanwhile, the mechanical property anisotropy of the deformed magnesium alloy can be effectively weakened only by one-time cold rolling and 1-time annealing in the whole rolling forming process, and the problems that the process is complex, the technical difficulty is high and the like in the existing method are solved.
2. The high-plasticity magnesium alloy prepared by the invention has excellent performance, particularly has higher plasticity along the rolling direction and the direction vertical to the rolling direction and basically keeps consistent, the plasticity is up to 42 percent, the plasticity of the alloy is improved, simultaneously, the anisotropy of the magnesium alloy can be effectively weakened, the subsequent large deformation and cold working are facilitated, the potential of the magnesium alloy as an engineering component material is greatly promoted, the engineering field of possible application of the magnesium alloy is expanded, meanwhile, a theoretical basis is provided for the research of the high-plasticity low-anisotropy magnesium alloy, and the preparation method has great significance.
3. The method has the advantages of simple equipment, low content of alloy elements, low cost, simple and convenient processing technology operation and easy industrialized mass production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a pole view of an extruded state (a) and an annealed state (b) in the preparation of a magnesium alloy in example 3.
FIG. 2 is a strain diagram of tensile mechanical properties at room temperature for the magnesium alloy prepared in example 3.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Preparation method of low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy
Example 1
1) Selecting magnesium alloy ingot Mg-1% wtZn-0.3% wtCe ternary alloy, homogenizing at 480 ℃ for 18h, and air-cooling to room temperature to obtain magnesium alloy blank.
2) Preheating the magnesium alloy blank subjected to homogenization treatment to 450-460 ℃, then putting the magnesium alloy blank into an extrusion cylinder for hot extrusion in an extruder, wherein the extrusion temperature is 450 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 30:1, the width of the extruded blank is 56mm, and the thickness of the extruded blank is 3 mm.
3) And (3) carrying out one-time cold rolling on the extruded blank along the extrusion direction, wherein the pass reduction is 5%, and then carrying out annealing treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is 350 ℃, and the annealing time is 1h, so that the low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy is obtained.
The magnesium alloy obtained in this example had a room temperature ultimate tensile strength in RD (rolling direction) of 239MPa, a tensile elongation after fracture of 32.6%, a room temperature ultimate tensile strength in TD (longitudinal direction of rolled piece) of 256MPa, and a tensile elongation after fracture of 23.2%.
Example 2
1) Selecting magnesium alloy ingot Mg-1% wtZn-0.3% wtCe ternary alloy, homogenizing at 480 ℃ for 18h, and air-cooling to room temperature to obtain magnesium alloy blank.
2) Preheating the homogenized magnesium alloy blank to 450-460 ℃, then putting the magnesium alloy blank into an extrusion cylinder for hot extrusion in an extruder, wherein the extrusion temperature is 450 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 30:1, and the width and the thickness of the extruded blank are 56mm and 3 mm.
3) And (3) carrying out one-time cold rolling on the extruded blank along the extrusion direction, wherein the pass reduction is 8%, and then carrying out annealing treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is 350 ℃, and the annealing time is 1h, so that the low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy is obtained.
The magnesium alloy obtained in this example had a room temperature ultimate tensile strength in RD (rolling direction) of 233MPa, a tensile elongation after fracture of 42.2%, a room temperature ultimate tensile strength in TD (longitudinal direction of rolled material) of 245MPa, and a tensile elongation after fracture of 37.2%.
Example 3
1) Selecting magnesium alloy ingot Mg-1% wtZn-0.3% wtCe ternary alloy, homogenizing at 480 ℃ for 18h, and air-cooling to room temperature to obtain magnesium alloy blank.
2) Preheating the magnesium alloy blank subjected to homogenization treatment to 450-460 ℃, then putting the magnesium alloy blank into an extrusion cylinder for hot extrusion in an extruder, wherein the extrusion temperature is 450 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 30:1, the width of the extruded blank is 56mm, and the thickness of the extruded blank is 3 mm.
3) And (3) carrying out one-time cold rolling on the extruded blank along the extrusion direction, wherein the pass reduction is 19%, and then carrying out annealing treatment, wherein the annealing temperature is 350 ℃, and the annealing time is 1h, so that the low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy is obtained.
The magnesium alloy obtained in this example had room temperature ultimate tensile strength at RD (rolling direction) of 228MPa, elongation after tensile break of 41.6%, room temperature ultimate tensile strength in TD (longitudinal direction of rolled material) of 221MPa, and elongation after tensile break of 45.4%.
The magnesium alloy in the extruded state and the rolled and annealed state in this example was subjected to EBSD observation and analysis, and the results are shown in FIG. 1.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the extruded magnesium alloy billet of the present invention exhibits a bimodal texture type, and the roll annealed magnesium alloy exhibits a ring texture type.
The low anisotropy high plasticity magnesium alloy prepared in this example is subjected to room temperature tensile mechanical property test, and the result is shown in fig. 2.
As can be seen from FIG. 2, the average elongation after fracture of the magnesium alloy obtained by the invention is as high as 43%, and the anisotropy is low.
In conclusion, the high-plasticity magnesium alloy prepared by the invention has excellent performance, particularly has higher plasticity along the rolling direction and the direction vertical to the rolling direction and basically keeps consistent, and the plasticity is as high as 43 percent. The reason is that when the magnesium alloy with the close-packed hexagonal structure is deformed at room temperature, basal plane slip has the lowest critical shear stress to make the magnesium alloy have the dominant effect in the plastic deformation process, while the magnesium alloy in an extrusion state shows a double-peak texture deflected along ED, and the Schmidt factor of the basal plane slip shows the maximum value when the magnesium alloy is rolled along the extrusion direction, so that the magnesium alloy is very beneficial to the basal plane slip, thereby being capable of carrying out large one-pass cold rolling, storing enough dislocation density and strain energy in the material and leading the alloy to be subjected to static recrystallization in the subsequent annealing process. In addition, the Mg-Zn-Ce alloy has the preferential growth of TD texture components in the static recrystallization process, and the proportion of the TD texture components is increased while part of RD texture components are kept, so that the annular texture is realized after 1-time annealing. Therefore, the mechanical property anisotropy of the wrought magnesium alloy can be effectively weakened only by one-time cold rolling and 1-time annealing in the whole rolling forming process.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting, and any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) homogenizing a magnesium alloy ingot, and cooling the magnesium alloy ingot to room temperature by water to obtain a magnesium alloy blank, wherein the magnesium alloy is a ternary Mg-Zn-Ce alloy;
2) preheating the magnesium alloy blank subjected to homogenization treatment to 450-460 ℃, then putting the magnesium alloy blank into an extrusion cylinder, and carrying out hot extrusion on the magnesium alloy blank in an extrusion state in an extruder, wherein the obtained extruded magnesium alloy blank is in a bimodal texture type;
3) and carrying out one-time cold rolling on the extruded blank along the extrusion direction, wherein the pass reduction is 5-20%, and then carrying out annealing treatment to obtain the magnesium alloy which is in a ring texture type, namely the low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy.
2. The preparation method of the low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5-3% of Zn, 0.1-0.5% of Ce, and the balance of magnesium and non-removable impurity elements.
3. The method for preparing the low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the homogenization treatment is carried out at 470-480 ℃ for 18-19 h.
4. The method for preparing the low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the reduction amount of the one-pass cold rolling is 8%.
5. The method for preparing the low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the reduction amount of the one-pass cold rolling is 19%.
6. The method for preparing the low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the extruded magnesium alloy blank is 54-56 mm wide and 2-3 mm thick.
7. The method for preparing the low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the hot extrusion temperature is 420-450 ℃, the extrusion speed is 1-2 mm/min, and the extrusion ratio is 28-30: 1.
8. the method for preparing the low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the annealing temperature is 350-360 ℃ and the annealing time is 1-2 h.
9. A low-anisotropy high-plasticity magnesium alloy prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The use of the low anisotropy high plasticity magnesium alloy according to claim 9 in engineering structural materials.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3205736A1 (en) * | 2016-02-11 | 2017-08-16 | Volkswagen AG | Magnesium alloy sheet produced by twin roll casting |
| CN113073275A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-07-06 | 湖南工程学院 | Preparation method of magnesium alloy plate with four-peak non-basal texture characteristics |
| CN113755772A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-12-07 | 南京理工大学 | High-strength high-toughness isomeric magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3205736A1 (en) * | 2016-02-11 | 2017-08-16 | Volkswagen AG | Magnesium alloy sheet produced by twin roll casting |
| CN113073275A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-07-06 | 湖南工程学院 | Preparation method of magnesium alloy plate with four-peak non-basal texture characteristics |
| CN113755772A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-12-07 | 南京理工大学 | High-strength high-toughness isomeric magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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