CN114213604A - Water reducing agent for fabricated concrete member and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water reducing agent for fabricated concrete member and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F283/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
- C08F283/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals
- C08F283/065—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals on to unsaturated polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2688—Copolymers containing at least three different monomers
- C04B24/2694—Copolymers containing at least three different monomers containing polyether side chains
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/30—Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers, flow improvers
- C04B2103/302—Water reducers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water reducer for an assembled concrete member and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation raw materials of the water reducer comprise unsaturated polyoxyethylene ether, crotonic anhydride, ethyl acrylate, 6-acrylamido caproic acid and butyl glycolate, and the preparation method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out esterification reaction on the 6-acrylamido caproic acid and the butyl glycolate, and then copolymerizing the esterified product with other unsaturated monomers. The water reducing agent provided by the invention is a retarding water reducing agent, and a dispersing agent is introduced to be matched in use in the using process of the water reducing agent, so that the fluidity, slump retaining property and cohesiveness of concrete can be comprehensively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete admixtures, and particularly relates to a water reducing agent for an assembled concrete member and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The prefabricated concrete member is a concrete structure formed by assembling and connecting prefabricated members serving as main stressed members. Compared with a cast-in-place construction method, the assembly type structure is beneficial to green construction, because the assembly type construction can better meet the requirements of land saving, energy saving, material saving, water saving, environmental protection and the like of the green construction, the negative effects on the environment are reduced, including noise reduction, dust prevention, environmental pollution reduction, clean transportation, site interference reduction, water, electricity, material and other resources and energy conservation, and the principle of sustainable development is followed.
The following problems are easy to occur in the production process of the existing fabricated concrete member: (1) unsmooth discharging phenomenon occurs in the blanking process, so that the construction progress is influenced; (2) the slump loss of the fresh concrete is too fast, and particularly the phenomenon at high temperature in summer is more obvious; (3) after the slump is increased by adjusting the mixing amount of the admixture, the phenomenon of layering and segregation is easy to occur after vibration. The above problems have posed a certain demand for the concrete flowability, slump retention and cohesiveness of the fabricated member.
The common method is to adjust the type and the mixing amount of the concrete admixture, so that the problems can be solved to a certain degree. The water reducing agent is applied more, the water reducing effect is excellent, the dispersing effect is good, but the water reducing agent specially applied to the fabricated concrete member on the market is rare, and the performance requirements are difficult to comprehensively reach.
In summary, how to design a water reducing agent for an assembly type concrete member can improve the fluidity, slump retention and cohesiveness of concrete in the using process is a problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a water reducing agent for an assembled concrete member and a preparation method thereof.
The invention realizes the aim through the following technical scheme, and the water reducing agent for the fabricated concrete member is prepared from the following raw materials of unsaturated polyoxyethylene ether, crotonic anhydride, ethyl acrylate, 6-acrylamido caproic acid and butyl glycolate, wherein the molar ratio of the raw materials to the raw materials is 1: (0.08-0.16): (0.15-0.35): (0.1-0.3): (0.2-0.4).
Further, the molecular weight of the unsaturated polyoxyethylene ether is 400-2400, and specifically is allyl polyoxyethylene ether or isopentenyl polyoxyethylene ether.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the water reducing agent for the fabricated concrete member, which comprises the following steps:
(1) heating 6-acrylamidocaproic acid to 110-;
(2) and (2) adding unsaturated polyoxyethylene ether, crotonic anhydride and deionized water into a reaction kettle, adjusting the temperature of the reaction kettle to 70-80 ℃, respectively dropwise adding the esterification product obtained in the step (1), ethyl acrylate and an initiator aqueous solution, and stirring and reacting for 3-5 hours after dropwise adding to obtain a finished product of the slow-release water reducer.
Further, in the step (1), the catalyst is concentrated sulfuric acid, and the adding amount of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 1-2% of the total amount of the reactants.
In the step (2), the initiator is one of azobisisobutyronitrile, benzoyl peroxide/N, N-dimethylaniline and tert-butyl hydroperoxide/sodium metabisulfite, and the mass ratio of the initiator to the unsaturated polyoxyethylene ether is (0.8-1.4): 100, respectively; the addition amount of the deionized water is 50-80% of the total mass of the polyoxyethylene ether and the crotonic anhydride, and the mass ratio of the initiator to the water in the initiator aqueous solution is 1: (2-4).
The invention also provides a use method of the water reducer for the fabricated concrete member, which comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the prepared water reducer and a dispersing agent, adding a cementing material and an aggregate, adding mixing water, fully stirring, and discharging.
Wherein the mixing amount of the water reducing agent and the dispersing agent is 0.1-0.16% and 0.8-1.4% of the cementing material respectively.
Further, the active ingredient of the dispersant is an amphoteric polymer, the raw materials for preparing the amphoteric polymer comprise vinyl ether, 3-carboxyl-N, N, N-trimethyl-2-propylene-1-ammonium chloride, N, N, N-trimethyl-9-octadecene-1-ammonium chloride and oleic acid, and the molar ratio of the raw materials is 1: (0.1-0.3): (0.3-0.5): (0.4-0.7).
Further, the preparation method of the amphoteric polymer comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 3-carboxyl-N, N, N-trimethyl-2-propylene-1-ammonium chloride with deionized water to prepare a solution I, and mixing N, N, N-trimethyl-9-octadecene-1-ammonium chloride with deionized water to prepare a solution II;
s2, placing vinyl ether and oleic acid into a reaction kettle, adjusting the temperature of the reaction kettle to 80-90 ℃, respectively dropwise adding the solution I, the solution II and an initiator aqueous solution, and stirring to react for 4-6h after dropwise adding to obtain the amphoteric polymer finished product.
Further, in step S1, the mass concentration of the solution I is 30-40%, and the mass concentration of the solution II is 50-60%.
The initiator in the step S2 is ammonium persulfate or benzoyl peroxide, and the mass ratio of the initiator to the vinyl ether is (1-2): 100, the mass ratio of the initiator to the water in the initiator aqueous solution is 1: (1-2).
The invention also provides a preparation method of the dispersant in the using method of the water reducing agent, which comprises the following specific steps: taking the prepared amphoteric polymer solution, concentrating under reduced pressure, and vacuum drying at 40-50 deg.C until the water content is less than or equal to 2% to obtain solid powder; mixing the obtained solid powder with starch and porous ceramic powder, dispersing in a dispersion machine with the speed of 1000 plus materials of 2000r/min, spraying sodium alginate material liquid, and drying to obtain the finished product of the dispersing agent.
Further, the sodium alginate material liquid comprises 10-20 parts of sodium alginate, 2-4 parts of talcum powder, 3-6 parts of phospholipid and 240 parts of deionized water;
the mass ratio of the solid powder to the starch to the porous ceramic powder is 1: (0.4-0.6): (10-18), the spraying amount of the sodium alginate material liquid is 3-5%.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the water reducing agent prepared by the invention is a slow-release water reducing agent, and is introduced into fabricated concrete for use, so that the dispersing effect of the water reducing agent on cement particles can be continuously and slowly carried out, and the slump retaining performance of the concrete can be obviously improved;
(2) when the water reducing agent is prepared, the side chain containing ester group and amido group is introduced into the molecule of the water reducing agent, and the water reducing agent can be slowly hydrolyzed under alkaline condition, so that carboxyl is continuously released, and the slow release effect is achieved;
(3) the water reducing agent of the invention is introduced with a side chain synthesized by 6-acrylamido caproic acid and butyl glycolate, the side chain contains an amido group and two ester groups, the three groups can be gradually and slowly hydrolyzed, the slow release effect is further improved, and the length of the side chain is gradually reduced along with the gradual hydrolysis of the three groups, so that the purpose of slowly improving the coagulation effect of cement is also achieved;
(4) because the water reducing agent for the fabricated concrete member needs a certain fluidity requirement, the water reducing agent is a slow-release water reducing agent, and when the water reducing agent is applied to concrete, the length of a branched chain can be reduced along with the hydrolytic fracture of a chain segment, the dispersion effect of the water reducing agent is influenced, and the later fluidity is reduced, so that the water reducing agent is used in a matched manner by introducing a dispersing agent, and the defect of the dispersion effect of the water reducing agent can be overcome;
(5) the active ingredient of the dispersant prepared by the invention is an amphoteric polymer which contains an anionic branched chain and a cationic branched chain with long chain segments and short chain segments which are alternated, and the dispersant has a good dispersing effect;
(6) because the amphoteric polymer in the dispersing agent has long-chain branched chains and good dispersibility, but the coagulation effect of the water reducing agent on cement can be influenced after the addition of the amphoteric polymer, the slow release treatment is carried out on the amphoteric polymer when the dispersing agent is prepared, so that the release of the amphoteric polymer can be slowed down, the dispersing effect is slowly exerted, and the influence on the coagulation effect of the water reducing agent is avoided;
(7) when the dispersing agent is prepared, firstly, the amphoteric polymer is loaded in the porous ceramic powder, then the sodium alginate material liquid is used for coating treatment, the sodium alginate is slightly soluble in water but soluble in an alkaline solution, so that a coating formed by the sodium alginate material liquid can be slowly dissolved in alkaline cement mortar, the amphoteric polymer is released, and the dispersing effect of the amphoteric polymer is slowly exerted;
(8) when the dispersing agent is prepared, phospholipid is also added into the sodium alginate material liquid, and the phospholipid is natural amphoteric molecules and can promote the release of the amphoteric polymer of the envelope of the phospholipid.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a water reducing agent for fabricated concrete members, which is prepared from allyl polyoxyethylene ether (molecular weight is 400-: 0.08: 0.15: 0.1: 0.2.
the preparation method of the water reducing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) heating 6-acrylamidocaproic acid to 100 ℃, adding concentrated sulfuric acid, uniformly mixing, adding 1% of concentrated sulfuric acid in the total amount of reactants, dropwise adding butyl glycolate, and carrying out esterification reaction at 110 ℃ under the condition of stirring for 5 hours to obtain an esterification product;
(2) adding allyl polyoxyethylene ether, crotonic anhydride and deionized water (the addition amount is 50% of the total mass of the polyoxyethylene ether and the crotonic anhydride) into a reaction kettle, adjusting the temperature of the reaction kettle to 70 ℃, respectively dropwise adding the esterification product obtained in the step (1), ethyl acrylate and an initiator aqueous solution, stirring for reaction for 3 hours after dropwise adding, and finally adjusting the solid content of the reaction liquid to 40% to obtain the finished product of the slow-release water reducer.
In the step (2), the initiator is azobisisobutyronitrile, and the mass ratio of the initiator to the unsaturated polyoxyethylene ether is 0.8: 100, respectively; the mass ratio of the initiator to the water in the initiator aqueous solution is 1: 2.
example 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, the embodiment also provides a use method of the water reducer for the fabricated concrete member, the prepared water reducer and the dispersant are uniformly mixed, the mixing amount of the water reducer and the dispersant is 0.1% and 0.8% of that of the cementing material respectively, then the cementing material and the aggregate are added, and then the mixing water is added for full stirring, so that the material can be discharged.
The active ingredient of the dispersant is amphoteric polymer, the preparation raw materials of the amphoteric polymer comprise vinyl ether, 3-carboxyl-N, N, N-trimethyl-2-propylene-1-ammonium chloride, N, N, N-trimethyl-9-octadecene-1-ammonium chloride and oleic acid, the molar ratio of the amphoteric polymer to the vinyl ether to the N, N, N-trimethyl-2-propylene-1-ammonium chloride is 1: 0.1: 0.3: 0.4.
the preparation method of the amphoteric polymer comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 3-carboxyl-N, N, N-trimethyl-2-propylene-1-ammonium chloride with deionized water to prepare a solution I with the mass concentration of 30%, and mixing N, N, N-trimethyl-9-octadecene-1-ammonium chloride with deionized water to prepare a solution II with the mass concentration of 50%;
s2, placing vinyl ether and oleic acid into a reaction kettle, adjusting the temperature of the reaction kettle to 80 ℃, respectively dropwise adding the solution I, the solution II and an initiator aqueous solution, and stirring to react for 4 hours after dropwise adding to obtain the amphoteric polymer finished product.
The initiator in the step S2 is ammonium persulfate, and the mass ratio of the initiator to the vinyl ether is 1: 100, the mass ratio of the initiator to the water in the initiator aqueous solution is 1: 1.
the rest is the same as in example 1.
Example 3
On the basis of embodiment 2, the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the dispersant in the use method of the water reducing agent, which comprises the following specific steps: taking the prepared amphoteric polymer solution, concentrating under reduced pressure, and vacuum drying at 40 deg.C until the water content is less than or equal to 2% to obtain solid powder; mixing the obtained solid powder with starch and porous ceramic powder according to a mass ratio of 1: 0.4: 10, mixing, dispersing in a dispersion machine at 1000r/min, spraying sodium alginate material liquid (the spraying amount is 3 percent), and drying to obtain the finished product of the dispersing agent.
The sodium alginate material liquid comprises 10 parts of sodium alginate, 2 parts of talcum powder, 3 parts of phospholipid and 120 parts of deionized water.
The rest is the same as in example 2.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a water reducing agent for fabricated concrete members, which is prepared from raw materials including allyl polyoxyethylene ether, crotonic anhydride, ethyl acrylate, 6-acrylamido caproic acid and butyl glycolate, wherein the molar ratio of the raw materials to the raw materials is 1: 0.12: 0.25: 0.2: 0.3.
the preparation method of the water reducing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) heating 6-acrylamidocaproic acid to 105 ℃, adding concentrated sulfuric acid, uniformly mixing, adding 1.5% of concentrated sulfuric acid in the total amount of reactants, dropwise adding butyl glycolate, and carrying out esterification reaction at 115 ℃ under the condition of stirring for 5.5 hours to obtain an esterification product;
(2) adding allyl polyoxyethylene ether, crotonic anhydride and deionized water (the addition amount is 65% of the total mass of the polyoxyethylene ether and the crotonic anhydride) into a reaction kettle, adjusting the temperature of the reaction kettle to 75 ℃, respectively dropwise adding the esterification product obtained in the step (1), ethyl acrylate and an initiator aqueous solution, stirring for reaction for 4 hours after dropwise adding, and finally adjusting the solid content of the reaction liquid to 40% to obtain the finished product of the slow-release water reducer.
In the step (2), the initiator is benzoyl peroxide/N, N-dimethylaniline, and the mass ratio of the initiator to the unsaturated polyoxyethylene ether is 1.1: 100, respectively; the mass ratio of the initiator to the water in the initiator aqueous solution is 1: 3.
the embodiment also provides a using method of the water reducer for the fabricated concrete member, the prepared water reducer and the dispersant are uniformly mixed, the mixing amount of the water reducer and the dispersant is 0.13% and 1.1% of that of the cementing material respectively, then the cementing material and the aggregate are added, and then the mixing water is added for full stirring, so that the material can be discharged.
The active ingredient of the dispersant is amphoteric polymer, the preparation raw materials of the amphoteric polymer comprise vinyl ether, 3-carboxyl-N, N, N-trimethyl-2-propylene-1-ammonium chloride, N, N, N-trimethyl-9-octadecene-1-ammonium chloride and oleic acid, the molar ratio of the amphoteric polymer to the vinyl ether to the N, N, N-trimethyl-2-propylene-1-ammonium chloride is 1: 0.2: 0.4: 0.55.
the preparation method of the amphoteric polymer comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 3-carboxyl-N, N, N-trimethyl-2-propylene-1-ammonium chloride with deionized water to prepare a solution I with the mass concentration of 35%, and mixing N, N, N-trimethyl-9-octadecene-1-ammonium chloride with deionized water to prepare a solution II with the mass concentration of 55%;
s2, placing vinyl ether and oleic acid into a reaction kettle, adjusting the temperature of the reaction kettle to 85 ℃, respectively dropwise adding the solution I, the solution II and an initiator aqueous solution, and stirring to react for 5 hours after dropwise adding to obtain the amphoteric polymer finished product.
The initiator in the step S2 is ammonium persulfate or benzoyl peroxide, and the mass ratio of the initiator to the vinyl ether is 1.5: 100, the mass ratio of the initiator to the water in the initiator aqueous solution is 1: 1.5.
the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the dispersant in the using method of the water reducing agent, which comprises the following specific steps: taking the prepared amphoteric polymer solution, concentrating under reduced pressure, and vacuum drying at 45 ℃ until the water content is less than or equal to 2% to obtain solid powder; mixing the obtained solid powder with starch and porous ceramic powder according to a mass ratio of 1: 0.5: 14, mixing, dispersing in a dispersion machine at 1500r/min, spraying sodium alginate material liquid (the spraying amount is 4%), and drying to obtain the dispersant product.
The sodium alginate material liquid comprises 15 parts of sodium alginate, 3 parts of talcum powder, 4.5 parts of phospholipid and 180 parts of deionized water.
Example 5
The embodiment also provides a water reducing agent for the fabricated concrete member, and the preparation raw materials of the water reducing agent comprise isopentenyl polyoxyethylene ether, crotonic anhydride, ethyl acrylate, 6-acrylamido caproic acid and butyl glycolate, and the molar ratio of the raw materials to the raw materials is 1: 0.16: 0.35: 0.3: 0.4.
the preparation method of the water reducing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) heating 6-acrylamidocaproic acid to 110 ℃, adding concentrated sulfuric acid, uniformly mixing, adding the concentrated sulfuric acid with the addition amount of 2 percent of the total amount of reactants, then dropwise adding butyl glycolate, and carrying out esterification reaction at the temperature of 120 ℃ under the stirring condition for 6 hours to obtain an esterification product;
(2) adding isopentenyl polyoxyethylene ether, crotonic anhydride and deionized water (the addition amount is 80% of the total mass of the polyoxyethylene ether and the crotonic anhydride) into a reaction kettle, adjusting the temperature of the reaction kettle to 80 ℃, respectively dropwise adding the esterification product obtained in the step (1), ethyl acrylate and an initiator aqueous solution, stirring and reacting for 5 hours after dropwise adding, and finally adjusting the solid content of the reaction liquid to be 40% to obtain the finished product of the slow-release water reducer.
In the step (2), the initiator is tert-butyl hydroperoxide/sodium metabisulfite, and the mass ratio of the initiator to the unsaturated polyoxyethylene ether is 1.4: 100, respectively; the mass ratio of the initiator to the water in the initiator aqueous solution is 1: 4.
the embodiment also provides a using method of the water reducer for the fabricated concrete member, the prepared water reducer and the dispersant are uniformly mixed, the mixing amount of the water reducer and the dispersant is 0.16% and 1.4% of that of the cementing material respectively, then the cementing material and the aggregate are added, and then the mixing water is added for full stirring, so that the material can be discharged.
The active ingredient of the dispersant is amphoteric polymer, the preparation raw materials of the amphoteric polymer comprise vinyl ether, 3-carboxyl-N, N, N-trimethyl-2-propylene-1-ammonium chloride, N, N, N-trimethyl-9-octadecene-1-ammonium chloride and oleic acid, the molar ratio of the amphoteric polymer to the vinyl ether to the N, N, N-trimethyl-2-propylene-1-ammonium chloride is 1: 0.3: 0.5: 0.7.
the preparation method of the amphoteric polymer comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 3-carboxyl-N, N, N-trimethyl-2-propylene-1-ammonium chloride with deionized water to prepare a first solution with the mass concentration of 40%, and mixing N, N, N-trimethyl-9-octadecene-1-ammonium chloride with deionized water to prepare a second solution with the mass concentration of 60%;
s2, placing vinyl ether and oleic acid into a reaction kettle, adjusting the temperature of the reaction kettle to 90 ℃, respectively dropwise adding the solution I, the solution II and an initiator aqueous solution, and stirring to react for 6 hours after dropwise adding to obtain the amphoteric polymer finished product.
The initiator in the step S2 is ammonium persulfate or benzoyl peroxide, and the mass ratio of the initiator to the vinyl ether is 2: 100, the mass ratio of the initiator to the water in the initiator aqueous solution is 1: 2.
the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the dispersant in the using method of the water reducing agent, which comprises the following specific steps: taking the prepared amphoteric polymer solution, concentrating under reduced pressure, and vacuum drying at 50 ℃ until the water content is less than or equal to 2% to obtain solid powder; mixing the obtained solid powder with starch and porous ceramic powder according to a mass ratio of 1: 0.6: 18, placing the mixture in a dispersion machine at 2000r/min for dispersion, then spraying sodium alginate material liquid (the spraying amount is 5 percent), and drying to obtain the finished product of the dispersing agent.
The sodium alginate material liquid comprises 20 parts of sodium alginate, 4 parts of talcum powder, 6 parts of phospholipid and 240 parts of deionized water.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example is different from example 3 in that a commercially available polycarboxylic acid type water reducing agent is used as the water reducing agent.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 4 in that the dispersant is a common anionic dispersant, specifically sodium oleate.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 4 in that the amphoteric polymer is an amphoteric surfactant, specifically a phospholipid.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example differs from example 4 in that the amphoteric polymer is an amphoteric surfactant, specifically an alkyl dimethyl betaine.
Comparative example 5
The difference between the comparative example and the example 4 is that the mixing amount of the water reducing agent is 0.08 percent of the cementing material.
Comparative example 6
The difference between the comparative example and the example 4 is that the mixing amount of the water reducing agent is 0.18 percent of the cementing material.
Comparative example 7
This comparative example differs from example 4 in that the dispersant is incorporated at 0.6% of the cement.
Comparative example 8
This comparative example differs from example 4 in that the dispersant is incorporated at 1.6% of the cement.
Comparative example 9
The comparative example differs from example 5 in that the dispersant is prepared by the following method: taking the prepared amphoteric polymer solution, concentrating under reduced pressure, and vacuum drying at 50 ℃ until the water content is less than or equal to 2% to obtain solid powder; mixing the obtained solid powder and the porous ceramic powder according to a mass ratio of 1: 18, placing the mixture in a dispersion machine at 2000r/min for dispersion, then spraying sodium alginate material liquid (the spraying amount is 5 percent), and drying to obtain the finished product of the dispersing agent.
Comparative example 10
The comparative example differs from example 5 in that the dispersant is prepared by the following method: taking the prepared amphoteric polymer solution, concentrating under reduced pressure, adding starch, granulating by a granulator, dispersing in a dispersion machine at 2000r/min, spraying sodium alginate material solution (the spraying amount is 5%), and drying to obtain the dispersant finished product.
Comparative example 11
This comparative example differs from example 5 in that the sodium alginate material liquid does not include a phospholipid.
Comparative example 12
The difference between this comparative example and example 5 is that the sodium alginate material liquid does not include talc.
Firstly, performance detection of the water reducing agent prepared by the invention
According to the GB 8076 + 2008 concrete admixture standard, the water reducing agents prepared in the embodiments 3-5 of the invention and the water reducing agent of the comparative example 1 are added into the standard concrete, and the performance detection is respectively carried out, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
From the results in Table 1, it is understood that the water reducing agents prepared by the methods of examples 3 to 5 of the present invention are superior to comparative example 1 (a commercially available polycarboxylic acid type water reducing agent) in each property, and the water reducing agent has a slump value of 1h with a change over time of less than 10mm, does not cause segregation, and can satisfy the performance requirements of fabricated concrete members.
Secondly, the use method test of the water reducing agent prepared by the invention in concrete
The water reducing agents prepared in examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-12 of the present invention were applied to concrete preparation according to the application method of the present invention, and slump change of concrete slurry was measured and segregation phenomenon was observed, wherein the slump measurement was performed according to GB/T50080-2016 Standard test method for general concrete mixture Properties, and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
The results in Table 2 show that the water reducing agent and the use method thereof in the embodiments 3 to 5 of the invention can obviously improve the fluidity and slump retention of concrete, and do not cause segregation phenomenon.
Compared with the example 1, the water reducing agent of the example 2 is added with the dispersing agent in the using process, so that the fluidity of concrete is obviously improved, but the slump loss of the concrete is gradually increased, and a slight segregation phenomenon occurs; in order to solve the problems caused by the addition of the dispersant, examples 3 to 5 were subjected to a sustained-release treatment of the active ingredient (amphoteric polymer) in the dispersant, resulting in a significant improvement in slump retention without segregation.
Comparative examples 2 to 8 changed the type of the dispersant and the active ingredient in the dispersant compared to example 4; comparative examples 9 to 12 changed the preparation method of the dispersant, respectively, compared with example 5; as a result, the fluidity and slump retention of the concrete in comparative examples 2 to 12 were affected to various degrees, and segregation occurred in comparative examples 2 and 9 to 12. It is shown that the performance of concrete can be effectively improved only by preparing the amphoteric polymer according to the method of the present invention and preparing it as an effective ingredient to prepare a dispersant according to the method of the present invention.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the water reducer for the assembled concrete member and the preparation method thereof, provided by the invention, the fluidity, slump retention and cohesiveness of concrete can be comprehensively improved by preparing the retarding water reducer and introducing the dispersing agent for matching use in the using process of the water reducer.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents can be made in the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or some technical features thereof can be replaced. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A water reducing agent for fabricated concrete members, characterized in that: the water reducer is prepared from unsaturated polyoxyethylene ether, crotonic anhydride, ethyl acrylate, 6-acrylamido caproic acid and butyl glycolate, wherein the molar ratio of the raw materials to the raw materials is 1: (0.08-0.16): (0.15-0.35): (0.1-0.3): (0.2-0.4).
2. The water reducer for fabricated concrete components according to claim 1, characterized in that: the molecular weight of the unsaturated polyoxyethylene ether is 400-2400, and specifically is allyl polyoxyethylene ether or isopentenyl polyoxyethylene ether.
3. A method for preparing a water reducer for fabricated concrete members according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) heating 6-acrylamidocaproic acid to 110-;
(2) and (2) adding unsaturated polyoxyethylene ether, crotonic anhydride and deionized water into a reaction kettle, adjusting the temperature of the reaction kettle to 70-80 ℃, respectively dropwise adding the esterification product obtained in the step (1), ethyl acrylate and an initiator aqueous solution, and stirring and reacting for 3-5 hours after dropwise adding to obtain a finished product of the slow-release water reducer.
4. The method for preparing a water reducer for fabricated concrete members according to claim 3, characterized in that:
in the step (1), the catalyst is concentrated sulfuric acid, and the adding amount of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 1-2% of the total amount of reactants;
in the step (2), the initiator is one of azobisisobutyronitrile, benzoyl peroxide/N, N-dimethylaniline and tert-butyl hydroperoxide/sodium metabisulfite, and the mass ratio of the initiator to the unsaturated polyoxyethylene ether is (0.8-1.4): 100, respectively; the addition amount of the deionized water is 50-80% of the total mass of the polyoxyethylene ether and the crotonic anhydride, and the mass ratio of the initiator to the water in the initiator aqueous solution is 1: (2-4).
5. The use method of the water reducer for the fabricated concrete member according to claim 1, characterized in that: uniformly mixing the prepared water reducing agent and a dispersing agent, adding a cementing material and an aggregate, adding mixing water, and fully stirring to obtain a material;
wherein the mixing amount of the water reducing agent and the dispersing agent is 0.1-0.16% and 0.8-1.4% of the cementing material respectively.
6. Use according to claim 5, characterized in that: the active ingredient of the dispersant is an amphoteric polymer, the preparation raw materials of the amphoteric polymer comprise vinyl ether, 3-carboxyl-N, N, N-trimethyl-2-propylene-1-ammonium chloride, N, N, N-trimethyl-9-octadecene-1-ammonium chloride and oleic acid, and the molar ratio of the raw materials is 1: (0.1-0.3): (0.3-0.5): (0.4-0.7).
7. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that: the preparation method of the amphoteric polymer comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing 3-carboxyl-N, N, N-trimethyl-2-propylene-1-ammonium chloride with deionized water to prepare a solution I, and mixing N, N, N-trimethyl-9-octadecene-1-ammonium chloride with deionized water to prepare a solution II;
s2, placing vinyl ether and oleic acid into a reaction kettle, adjusting the temperature of the reaction kettle to 80-90 ℃, respectively dropwise adding the solution I, the solution II and an initiator aqueous solution, and stirring to react for 4-6h after dropwise adding to obtain the amphoteric polymer finished product.
8. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that:
in step S1, the mass concentration of the solution I is 30-40%, and the mass concentration of the solution II is 50-60%;
the initiator in the step S2 is ammonium persulfate or benzoyl peroxide, and the mass ratio of the initiator to the vinyl ether is (1-2): 100, the mass ratio of the initiator to the water in the initiator aqueous solution is 1: (1-2).
9. A method for preparing a dispersant in the use method of the water reducer for fabricated concrete members according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps: taking the prepared amphoteric polymer solution, concentrating under reduced pressure, and vacuum drying at 40-50 deg.C until the water content is less than or equal to 2% to obtain solid powder; mixing the obtained solid powder with starch and porous ceramic powder, dispersing in a dispersion machine with the speed of 1000 plus materials of 2000r/min, spraying sodium alginate material liquid, and drying to obtain the finished product of the dispersing agent.
10. The method for producing a dispersant according to claim 9, characterized in that:
the sodium alginate material liquid comprises 10-20 parts of sodium alginate, 2-4 parts of talcum powder, 3-6 parts of phospholipid and 240 parts of deionized water;
the mass ratio of the solid powder to the starch to the porous ceramic powder is 1: (0.4-0.6): (10-18), the spraying amount of the sodium alginate material liquid is 3-5%.
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| CN112897921A (en) * | 2021-03-18 | 2021-06-04 | 龙南恒沣建材有限公司 | Concrete retarding water reducing agent |
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