CN114212887B - System and method for realizing low ammonia nitrogen wastewater integrated autotrophic denitrification operation - Google Patents
System and method for realizing low ammonia nitrogen wastewater integrated autotrophic denitrification operation Download PDFInfo
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- 230000001651 autotrophic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 90
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- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
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Abstract
A system and a method for realizing the autotrophic denitrification operation of low ammonia nitrogen wastewater belong to the field of sewage biological treatment. The device comprises a raw water tank, an integrated autotrophic denitrification biological filter, an automatic control system, a back flushing system and the like. The method is based on a biological filter which mainly has an anaerobic ammoxidation function and coexists with a plurality of denitrification microorganisms, and the ammoxidation activity is stimulated by gradually reducing the concentration of nitrite in the inlet water so as to achieve the purpose of promoting the ammoxidation activity and the anaerobic ammoxidation activity to each other, so that the two cooperatively play the denitrification function, and finally the effect of treating the low ammonia nitrogen wastewater by the integrated autotrophic denitrification is realized. The application is suitable for low C/N urban domestic sewage, can reduce the process floor area, has simple operation, effectively reduces aeration energy consumption, saves operation cost and improves the total nitrogen removal rate of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a system and a method for realizing the integrated autotrophic denitrification operation of low ammonia nitrogen wastewater, belonging to the field of sewage biological treatment. The method is an operation method for realizing the integrated autotrophic denitrification of the low ammonia nitrogen wastewater finally by regulating and controlling the activities of ammonia oxidizing bacteria and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing biological filter based on stable operation through changing the concentration of a water inlet reaction substrate.
Background
Urban sewage discharge is increasingly stringent, energy conservation and emission reduction, carbon emission reduction become a main trend in the sewage treatment industry, and energy conservation and consumption reduction become a great challenge in the sewage treatment field. Compared with the traditional biological denitrification (nitrification/denitrification) process, the integrated autotrophic biological denitrification process is an energy-saving and sustainable wastewater treatment technology, and the process remarkably reduces aeration energy consumption and organic carbon consumption, thereby saving additional chemical agents and sludge treatment and disposal cost. The accumulation of nitrite in the shortcut nitrification process and the stable operation of the system are the main problems faced in the process, and the integrated autotrophic denitrification process avoids the problem of accumulation of nitrite. The integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal process is characterized in that ammonia oxidation reaction and anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction are concentrated in the same reactor, and Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria (AOB) oxidize part of water enters NH 4 + -N is NO 2 - After N, anammox (Anamox) utilises this fraction of NO 2 - -N and remaining NH 4 + And (3) carrying out anaerobic ammoxidation reaction on the N to remove the total inorganic nitrogen in the system. In an integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal system, the need to regulate the activity of AOB and Anamox, while inhibiting the activity of NOB, is a key factor in the implementation of the process.
In the last decade, integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal processes have been successfully applied to the treatment of high ammonia nitrogen wastewater, but have also been a great challenge in the treatment of low ammonia nitrogen wastewater (e.g., municipal domestic wastewater) because of the low substrate conditions, both AOB and Anammox activity and growth rate are affected. Based on the method, on the basis of stably operating the anaerobic ammonia oxidation biological filter, the concentration of nitrite in the inlet water is gradually reduced, so that the anaerobic ammonia oxidation activity is prevented from being greatly influenced, the purpose of improving the ammonia oxidation activity is achieved, and finally, an integrated autotrophic denitrification system can be built in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation filter without adding nitrified sludge.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the application provides a system and a method for realizing the integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal operation of low ammonia nitrogen wastewater, which are different from the common integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal process. Firstly, the technology is realized in a biological film system, and mainly utilizes the characteristic that microorganisms are distributed on biological films in a layering way. Researches show that Anamox is mainly distributed in an anaerobic or anoxic zone inside a biological membrane, AOB is mainly distributed in an aerobic zone outside the biological membrane, and the layered structure plays a critical role in the mass transfer process of dissolved oxygen, and the AOB can consume dissolved oxygen in water and effectively protect Anamox of an inner layer from toxic action of the dissolved oxygen. The application realizes the synergistic denitrification effect of AOB and Anamox by gradually reducing the nitrite concentration of the inlet water in a stably running anaerobic ammonia oxidation biological filter and regulating and controlling the activity of key microbial flora by combining an operation mode of automatically controlling the low dissolved oxygen concentration.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the application adopts an integrated autotrophic denitrification system regulated and controlled in a low-substrate anaerobic ammonia oxidation biological filter which runs stably, and is characterized in that: the device comprises a raw water tank (1), an integrated autotrophic denitrification biological filter device (2), an on-line monitoring and automatic control system (3), a water outlet tank/back flushing water inlet tank (5) and a temperature control system (6).
The raw water tank (1) is connected with a water inlet mixing area of the integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal biological filter device (2) through a peristaltic pump (1.1), the inner lower end of the integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal biological filter device (2) is provided with the water inlet mixing area (2.1) and an aeration disc (2.2), and a supporting layer (formed by cobbles) (2.3), a filter material layer (2.4) and a clear water area (2.5) are sequentially arranged above the water inlet mixing area; the upper end or the side surface of the clean water area (2.5) of the integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal biological filter device (2) is provided with a water outlet tank (2.6); the bottom of the filter material layer (2.4) is provided with a pressure gauge (2.7), and a plurality of (e.g. 5) sampling ports (2.8) and a plurality of (e.g. 3) filter material taking ports (2.9) are arranged on the side surface part of the filter material layer (2.4); the clear water area (2.5) is connected with the water outlet water tank/back flushing water inlet tank (5) through a pipeline, and the water outlet water tank/back flushing water inlet tank (5) is connected with the water inlet mixing area (2.1) through a reflux pump (2.10); an on-line monitoring device and an automatic control system (3) are arranged in a main reaction area, namely a filter material layer (2.4); on-line monitoring device and automatic control system (3): the pH and DO probe (3.7) is arranged on the filter material layer (2.4) and is connected with the pH and DO detector (3.8), the pH and DO detector (3.8) is connected with the computer (3.1) through the pH and DO signal interface (3.6), the other end interface of the computer (3.1) is connected with the programmable process controller (3.2), the programmable process controller (3.2) is provided with the signal converter DA conversion interface (3.3) and the signal converter AD conversion interface (3.4) for signal conversion, and the programmable process controller (3.2) is connected with the aeration disc (2.2) through the aeration pump (3.5), so that the online monitoring device and the automatic control system (3) in the application are formed, wherein the online monitoring device mainly monitors the DO concentration of the reaction area in real time, and the automatic control system timely adjusts the aeration quantity according to the dissolved oxygen concentration range set by the computer and feeds back to the integrated autotrophic biological filter tank (2).
The water outlet tank/back flush water inlet tank (5) is connected with the bottom of the integrated autotrophic denitrification biological filter device (2) through a back flush water inlet pipe, a back flush water pump (2.10), a first glass rotameter (5.1) and a valve; the air compressor (5.2) is connected with the aeration disc (2.2) through an air inlet pipe, a second glass rotameter (5.3) and a valve; the temperature control system is wound on the filter tank through a heating belt (6) to heat the water body in the system, and the temperature is adjusted according to the set temperature at different stages.
According to the application, the integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal biological filter device is a biological membrane system, and the appearance of the device is different from other integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal processes, and is basically different from an activated sludge system, such as a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) and the like.
The stable operation of the device and the system is based on an anaerobic ammonia oxidation biological filter which is stable in operation. The main implementation mode is as follows: enriching Anamox, gradually reducing the concentration of nitrite in inlet water after an anaerobic ammonia oxidation system stably operates, and gradually improving the ammonia oxidation activity on the basis of ensuring that the anaerobic ammonia oxidation activity is not affected so as to achieve the effect of mutually promoting AOB and Anamox to jointly play a role in denitrification; by regulating DO concentration, the growth of NOB is inhibited while the activity of AOB is maintained. The operation comprises the following steps:
1) Starting and stabilizing anaerobic ammonia oxidation biological filter
Firstly, inoculating anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge for treating high ammonia nitrogen wastewater in a biological filter, heating the filter system by adopting a temperature control system, opening a temperature control system switch, and regulating the temperature to 30+/-1 ℃; pumping the mud-water mixture into a biological filter from a water inlet mixing area at the bottom through a peristaltic pump, and completely immersing a filter material layer; the water inlet adopts synthetic wastewater to simulate actual urban domestic sewage and NH 4 + -N concentration of 50mg/L, NO 2 - -N concentration 60mg/L; the water inlet valve is opened, then the peristaltic pump is opened, in order to prevent biomass loss in the initial stage of system starting, a starting mode with low filtration speed is adopted to ensure the membrane hanging effect, the filtration speed is regulated to be 0.25m/h, and the water conservancy residence time (HRT) at the moment is 4h; the initial period of starting is 0-48h, the effluent is pumped into the reactor again through a reflux pump, and the operation is carried out by adopting a continuous water inlet and continuous water outlet mode after the operation is repeated for 48 h; after the synthetic wastewater in the water inlet tank passes through the peristaltic pump, the synthetic wastewater is continuously pumped into the cylindrical biological filter, flows through the water inlet mixing area and the filter material layer from bottom to top, and the filter material is filtered along with the increase of the running timeThe surface starts to be attached with a red anaerobic ammonia oxidation biological film; under the action of anaerobic ammoxidation, most of NH in the inlet water 4 + -N and NO 2 - -N by N 2 In the form of (2) flowing from the water outlet tank through the water outlet pipe and being discharged into the water outlet tank; in the starting and stable operation process, the DO of the inlet water is 3-5mg/L, and dissolved oxygen of the inlet water is not required to be removed, so that the NH is facilitated to nitrifying bacteria 4 + The utilization of N and DO, which avoids the toxic effect of dissolved oxygen on Anamox distributed on the inner layer of the biological film, stimulates the activity of nitrifying bacteria enriched on the outer side of the biological film and provides conditions for the regulation and control of the subsequent system; waiting system NH 4 + The removal rate of N and TN reaches more than 70 percent, and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation biological filter is successfully started; because the anaerobic ammonia oxidation is always the main denitrification path of the application, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation activity needs to be ensured not to be affected as much as possible, so that the anaerobic ammonia oxidation biological filter is continuously and stably operated for 21 days after being started successfully, the Anamox activity is enhanced, and no reflux is performed in 21 days of stable operation;
2) An integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal regulation stage:
the phase mainly realizes the denitrification of the integrated autotrophic organisms by regulating and controlling the activity of functional bacteria; at this stage, a temperature control system is not additionally arranged, the temperature control device is closed, the system operates at normal temperature, and NH 4 + The concentration of-N is always kept at 50mg/L, the rotation speed of a peristaltic pump is regulated, the filtration speed is increased to 0.5m/h, the HRT is 2h at the moment, the concentration of nitrite in the inlet water is gradually reduced to sequentially perform seven stages of 60 mg/L-50 mg/L-40 mg/L-30 mg/L-20 mg/L-10 mg/L-0 mg/L according to the following concentration, and the concentration of the nitrite in the inlet water is gradually reduced according to the different proportions of reaction substrates of the inlet water, namely the NH of the inlet water in the seven stages 4 + -N and NO 2 - The ratio of N is 1:1.32, 1:1, 1:0.8, 1:0.6, 1:0.4, 1:0.2, 1:0, respectively; the 7 stages, each stage needs to run for at least 14 days, after 14 days, judging whether the stage needs to be ended according to the measurement results of the activity of the AOB and the Anamox, if the activity of the AOB is in an increasing trend, ending the corresponding stage to carry out the next stage, otherwise, continuing to prolong the running time of the stage; simultaneously, each stage monitors the concentration value of the dissolved oxygen on line, automatically adjusts the aeration quantity, and when reactingWhen the concentration of the regional dissolved oxygen is lower than 0.3mg/L, automatically starting supplementary aeration; when the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the reaction zone is higher than 1.5mg/L, automatically stopping aeration;
3) An optimization stage of the integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal process:
compared with an activated sludge system (such as an SBR process), the biological membrane system has the advantages that the impact resistance is strong, so that the nitrogen load rate is improved by reducing the HRT in the integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal process optimization stage after the integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal regulation stage in the step 2); the rotation speed of the peristaltic pump is regulated, the HRT is gradually reduced from 4 hours to 2 hours, the process is divided into four different operation stages of 4 hours, 3.2 hours, 2.8 hours and 2 hours, and each stage is operated for 21 days; as the nitrogen load rate increases, sufficient dissolved oxygen concentration needs to be provided to stimulate ammonia oxidation, the automatic control equipment automatically adjusts aeration according to the on-line monitored dissolved oxygen concentration value, when the dissolved oxygen concentration in the reaction zone is lower than 0.3mg/L, the automatic control equipment starts an automatic aeration supplementing switch, and when the dissolved oxygen concentration in the reaction zone is higher than 1.5mg/L, the system automatically stops aeration;
4) Adding an organic carbon source, and strengthening the denitrification stage of the system:
the urban domestic sewage contains 100+/-20 mg/L COD, and the Anamox is autotrophic bacteria, so that the competition capability for a substrate is weaker than that of nitrifying bacteria under the condition of the existence of higher concentration organic matters; after the optimization stage of the integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal process in the step 3), glucose (with the concentration of 40mg COD/L) is added into the raw water tank in a supplementing manner -1 Simulate pretreated domestic sewage) to further remove the by-product nitrate of the integrated reaction in order to improve the activity of denitrifying bacteria, the denitrifying bacteria can convert the nitrate into N 2 The total nitrogen removal rate is further improved, and the denitrification of the system is enhanced by discharging the total nitrogen from the water outlet tank to the water outlet tank/back flushing water inlet tank (5) through the water outlet pipe.
5) And (3) back flushing stage:
because the step 4) supplements carbon source, the growth of denitrifying bacteria is stimulated, and the biological filter is different from other biological film systems (such as moving bed biological film reactor (MBBR) and activated sludge systems (such as SBR) and has the main characteristics of having a back flushing function and increasing the back flushingIn the stage, part of denitrifying bacteria with stronger activity can be elutriated in time, and the flora structure in the filter tank is properly adjusted to avoid competing with Anamox for reaction substrate NO 2 - -N, affecting its activity; in addition, part of NOB can be elutriated, so that nitrite generated by ammoxidation is prevented from being directly oxidized into nitrate, and total nitrogen in effluent is increased; when the nitrate concentration of the outlet water is detected to be obviously increased, the water inlet valve and the peristaltic pump are closed, and the filter tank is backwashed.
6) And (4) after the back flushing is finished, continuing to perform the normal operation stage, namely, operating the steps 4) -5).
Compared with the traditional denitrification process, the application has the following advantages:
1. the application does not need to add nitrified sludge, can realize the stable operation of the integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal process by only changing the concentration of the water inlet reaction substrate on the basis of the single-stage anaerobic ammonia oxidation biological filter, and has simple process operation and saved addition cost and operation cost;
2. the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria can bear a larger dissolved oxygen concentration range, the DO concentration of the inflow water is 3-5mg/L, the dissolved oxygen in the inflow water tank is not required to be removed, the cost is saved, and compared with other activated sludge systems (such as SBR technology), the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria does not need to be strictly controlled, and the operation is simple;
3. the application mainly utilizes high-activity anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria to inhibit the activity of nitrite oxidizing bacteria, simultaneously ammonia oxidizing bacteria and anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria promote each other, and synergistically play a denitrification role, so that the problem that short-cut nitrification is difficult to stably maintain is solved, and compared with other integrated autotrophic denitrification processes, the biological film system is more stable, can resist fluctuating water quality and has stronger impact load resistance;
4. the application treats low ammonia nitrogen wastewater, has significance in practical life application, and provides reference value for application of main stream anaerobic ammonia oxidation process;
5. the biological film structure reasonably layers the denitrifying bacteria with different functions, anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria are anaerobic microorganisms which are mainly distributed on the inner side of the biological film, nitrifying bacteria are aerobic microorganisms which are mainly distributed on the outer side of the biological film, and dissolved oxygen in water is firstly consumed by the aerobic microorganisms on the outer side of the biological film, so that the anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria on the inner side of the biological film are protected, ammonia oxidizing activity is stimulated, and a vital effect is played for a denitrification system with multiple bacterial groups coexisting.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the device of the present application
In the figure: 1-raw water tank; 1.1-peristaltic pump; 2-an integrated autotrophic denitrification biological filter; 2.1-a water inlet mixing zone; 2.2-aeration disc; 2.3—a support layer; 2.4-a filter bed; 2.5-clear water zone; 2.6-a water outlet tank; 2.7-pressure gauge; 2.8-sampling port; 2.9-taking a filter material port; 2.10-reflux pump/backwash pump; 3-on-line monitoring equipment and an automatic control system; 3.1-a computer; 3.2-programmable process controller; 3.3-a signal converter DA conversion interface; 3.4-signal converter AD conversion interface; 3.5-an aeration pump; 3.6-pH and DO signal interface; 3.7-pH and DO probe; 3.8-pH and DO detector; 5-outlet tank/backwash tank; 5.1—a first glass rotameter; 5.2-air compressor; 5.3—a second glass rotameter; 6-heating belt.
Detailed Description
The application patent is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples: as shown in fig. 1, a raw water tank 1 is connected with an integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal biological filter device 2 through a peristaltic pump 1.1, a water inlet mixing region 2.1 and an aeration disc 2.2 are arranged at the inner lower end of the integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal biological filter device 2, and a supporting layer (formed by cobbles), a filter material layer 2.4 and a clear water region 2.5 are sequentially arranged above the water inlet mixing region; the upper end of the integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal biological filter device 2 is provided with a water outlet tank 2.6; the bottom of the filter material layer 2.4 is provided with a pressure gauge 2.7, and a plurality of (e.g. 5) sampling ports 2.8 and a plurality of (e.g. 3) filter material taking ports 2.9 are arranged on the side surface part of the filter material layer 2.4; the clear water zone 2.5 is connected with the water inlet mixing zone 2.1 through a reflux pump 2.10 by a reflux pipe; an on-line monitoring device and an automatic control system 3 are arranged in the main reaction area 2.4, a pH and DO probe 3.7 is arranged on the filter material layer 2.4 and is connected with a pH and DO detector 3.8, the pH and DO detector 3.8 is connected with a computer 3.1 through a pH and DO signal interface 3.6, the other end interface of the computer 3.1 is connected with a programmable process controller 3.2, a signal converter DA conversion interface 3.3 and a signal converter AD conversion interface 3.4 are arranged on the programmable process controller to be used for signal conversion, and the programmable process controller 3.2 is connected with an aeration disc 2.2 through an aeration pump 3.5.
The water outlet tank/back flush water inlet tank 5 is connected with the cylindrical bottom of the filter tank through a back flush water inlet pipe, a back flush water pump 2.10, a first glass rotameter 5.1 and a valve; the air compressor 5.2 is respectively connected with the aeration disc 2.2 through an air inlet pipe, a second glass rotameter 5.3 and a valve; the temperature control system is wound on the filter tank through the heating belt 6 to heat the water body in the system, and the temperature is adjusted according to the set temperature in different stages.
The water inlet used in the specific example is from laboratory synthetic wastewater to simulate domestic sewage, NH 4 + The concentration of-N is 50mg/L, wherein the COD of step 4) is 40mg/L and NH 4 + The concentration of N is 50mg/L.
The specific implementation process is as follows:
1) Starting and stabilizing anaerobic ammonia oxidation biological filter
Firstly, inoculating anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge for treating high ammonia nitrogen wastewater in a biological filter, heating the filter system by adopting a temperature control system, opening a switch of a temperature control device, and regulating the temperature to be 30+/-1 ℃. Pumping the mud-water mixture into a biological filter from a water inlet mixing area at the bottom through a peristaltic pump, and completely immersing a filter material layer; the water inlet adopts synthetic wastewater to simulate actual urban domestic sewage and NH 4 + -N concentration of 50mg/L, NO 2 - The N concentration was 60mg/L. The water inlet valve is opened, then the peristaltic pump is opened, in order to prevent biomass loss in the initial stage of system start, a low-filtration-speed start mode is adopted to ensure the membrane hanging effect, the filtration speed is regulated to be 0.25m/h,the water conservancy residence time HRT) at the moment is 4 hours; the initial stage of starting is 0-48h, the effluent is pumped into the reactor again through a reflux pump, and the operation is carried out by adopting a continuous water inlet and continuous water outlet mode after the operation is repeated for 48 h; after the synthetic wastewater in the water inlet tank passes through the peristaltic pump, continuously pumping the synthetic wastewater into the cylindrical biological filter, and enabling the synthetic wastewater to flow through the water inlet mixing area and the filter material layer from bottom to top, wherein as the running time is increased, a red anaerobic ammonia oxidation biological film is attached to the surface of the filter material; under the action of anaerobic ammoxidation, most of NH in the inlet water 4 + -N and NO 2 - -N by N 2 In the form of (2) flowing from the water outlet tank through the water outlet pipe and being discharged into the water outlet tank; in the starting and stable operation process, the DO of the inlet water is 3-5mg/L, and dissolved oxygen of the inlet water is not required to be removed, so that the NH is facilitated to nitrifying bacteria 4 + The utilization of N and DO, which avoids the toxic effect of dissolved oxygen on Anamox distributed on the inner layer of the biological film, stimulates the activity of nitrifying bacteria enriched on the outer side of the biological film and provides conditions for the regulation and control of the subsequent system; waiting system NH 4 + The removal rate of N and TN reaches more than 70 percent, and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation biological filter is successfully started; because the anaerobic ammonia oxidation is always the main denitrification path of the application, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation activity needs to be ensured not to be affected as much as possible, so that the anaerobic ammonia oxidation biological filter is continuously and stably operated for 21 days after being started successfully, and the Anammox activity is enhanced.
2) An integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal regulation stage:
the phase mainly realizes the denitrification of the integrated autotrophic organisms by regulating and controlling the activity of functional bacteria; at this stage, a temperature control system is not additionally arranged, the temperature control device is closed, the system operates at normal temperature, and NH 4 + The concentration of-N is always kept at 50mg/L, the rotation speed of a peristaltic pump is regulated, the filtration speed is increased to 0.5m/h, the HRT is 2h at the moment, the concentration of nitrite in the inlet water is gradually reduced (60 mg/L-50 mg/L-40 mg/L-30 mg/L-20 mg/L-10 mg/L-0 mg/L) according to the proportion of the substrate of the reaction of the inlet water, namely the NH of the inlet water 4 + -N and NO 2 - The ratio of N is divided into 7 stages 1:1.32, 1:1, 1:0.8, 1:0.6, 1:0.4, 1:0.2, 1:0, each of which requires at least 14 days of operation, after 14 days the results of the measurement according to the activity of AOB and Anamox are obtainedJudging whether the stage is required to be ended, ending the stage if the AOB activity is in an increasing trend, otherwise, continuing to prolong the operation time of the stage; meanwhile, the automatic control equipment automatically adjusts aeration according to the concentration value of the dissolved oxygen monitored on line, and when the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the reaction area is lower than 0.3mg/L, the automatic control equipment starts an automatic supplementary aeration switch; when the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the reaction zone is higher than 1.5mg/L, the system automatically stops aeration.
3) An optimization stage of the integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal process:
compared with an activated sludge system such as an SBR (styrene butadiene rubber) process), the biological membrane system has the advantages that the impact resistance is strong, so that the nitrogen load rate can be improved by reducing the HRT in the optimization stage of the integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal process; the rotation speed of the peristaltic pump is regulated, the HRT is gradually reduced from 4 hours to 2 hours, the process is divided into four different operation stages of 4 hours, 3.2 hours, 2.8 hours and 2 hours, and each stage is operated for 21 days; with the increase of the nitrogen load rate, the ammonia oxidation is stimulated by providing sufficient dissolved oxygen concentration, the automatic control equipment automatically adjusts the aeration according to the on-line monitored dissolved oxygen concentration value, when the dissolved oxygen concentration in the reaction zone is lower than 0.3mg/L, the automatic control equipment starts an automatic aeration supplementing switch, and when the dissolved oxygen concentration in the reaction zone is higher than 1.5mg/L, the system automatically stops aeration.
4) Adding an organic carbon source, and strengthening the denitrification stage of the system:
the urban domestic sewage approximately contains 100+/-20 mg/L COD, and the Anamox is autotrophic bacteria, so that the substrate competition capability is weaker than that of nitrifying bacteria in the presence of higher concentration organic matters; after the process of the integrated autotrophic denitrification biological filter is successfully started, glucose is added into the water inlet tank in a supplementing manner to prepare the concentration of 40mg COD/L -1 Simulate pretreated domestic sewage) to further remove the by-product nitrate of the integrated reaction in order to improve the activity of denitrifying bacteria, the denitrifying bacteria can convert the nitrate into N 2 The total nitrogen removal rate is further improved, and the denitrification of the system is enhanced.
5) And (3) back flushing stage:
due to the carbon source supplement of stage 4), denitrification is stimulatedBacteria growth, and biological filter is different from other biological membrane systems such as moving bed biological membrane reactor MBBR) and activated sludge systems such as SBR), has a back flushing function, adds a back flushing stage, can timely wash out part of denitrifying bacteria with stronger activity, properly adjusts the flora structure in the filter, and avoids competing with Anamox for reaction substrate NO 2 - -N, affecting its activity; in addition, part of NOB can be elutriated, so that nitrite generated by ammoxidation is prevented from being directly oxidized into nitrate, and total nitrogen in effluent is increased; when the nitrate concentration of the outlet water is detected to be obviously increased, the water inlet valve and the peristaltic pump are closed, and the filter tank is backwashed.
6) And (4) after the back flushing is finished, continuing to perform the normal operation stage, namely, operating the steps 4) -5).
The experimental results show that: the anaerobic ammonia oxidation biological filter with stable operation is a system which mainly takes anaerobic ammonia oxidation function and coexists with various denitrification functional bacteria such as ammonia oxidation bacteria, nitrite oxidation bacteria and denitrifying bacteria, and can stimulate AOB activity by gradually reducing the concentration of nitrite in water, the enhancement of the AOB activity is beneficial to the increase of Anamox activity, the two are mutually promoted to jointly exert denitrification, the integrated autotrophic denitrification process is finally realized by regulating and controlling the activity of the denitrification functional bacteria, the low C/N urban domestic sewage is treated, and the total nitrogen removal load can reach 1+/-0.1 kgN/m 3 Day, TN removal rate after stable operation is 75% -85%.
Claims (1)
1. The method for realizing the integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal operation of the low ammonia nitrogen wastewater is characterized in that the adopted system comprises a raw water tank (1), an integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal biological filter device (2), an on-line monitoring and automatic control system (3), a water outlet tank/back flushing water inlet tank (5) and a temperature control system;
the raw water tank (1) is connected with a water inlet mixing area of the integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal biological filter device (2) through a peristaltic pump (1.1), the inner lower end of the integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal biological filter device (2) is provided with the water inlet mixing area (2.1) and an aeration disc (2.2), and a supporting layer (2.3), a filter material layer (2.4) and a clear water area (2.5) are sequentially arranged on the water inlet mixing area; the upper end or the side surface of the clean water area (2.5) of the integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal biological filter device (2) is provided with a water outlet tank (2.6); the bottom of the filter material layer (2.4) is provided with a pressure gauge (2.7), and a plurality of sampling ports (2.8) and a plurality of filter material taking ports (2.9) are arranged on the side surface part of the filter material layer (2.4); the clear water area (2.5) is connected with the water outlet water tank/back flushing water inlet tank (5) through a pipeline, and the water outlet water tank/back flushing water inlet tank (5) is connected with the water inlet mixing area (2.1) through a reflux pump; an on-line monitoring device and an automatic control system (3) are arranged in a main reaction area, namely a filter material layer (2.4); on-line monitoring device and automatic control system (3): the pH and DO probe (3.7) is arranged on the filter material layer (2.4), is connected with the pH and DO detector (3.8), the pH and DO detector (3.8) is connected with the computer (3.1) through the pH and DO signal interface (3.6), the other end interface of the computer (3.1) is connected with the programmable process controller (3.2), the programmable process controller (3.2) is provided with the signal converter DA conversion interface (3.3) and the signal converter AD conversion interface (3.4) for signal conversion, and the programmable process controller (3.2) is connected with the aeration disc (2.2) through the aeration pump (3.5);
the water outlet tank/back flush water inlet tank (5) is connected with the bottom of the integrated autotrophic denitrification biological filter device (2) through a back flush water pump, a first glass rotameter (5.1) and a valve through a back flush water inlet pipe; the air compressor (5.2) is connected with the aeration disc (2.2) through an air inlet pipe, a second glass rotameter (5.3) and a valve; the temperature control system is wound on the filter tank through a heating belt (6) to heat the water body in the system;
the method comprises the following steps:
1) Starting and stabilizing anaerobic ammonia oxidation biological filter
Firstly, inoculating anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge for treating high ammonia nitrogen wastewater in a biological filter, heating the filter system by adopting a temperature control system, opening a temperature control system switch, and regulating the temperature to 30+/-1 ℃; pumping the mud-water mixture into a biological filter from a water inlet mixing area at the bottom through a peristaltic pump, and completely immersing a filter material layer; the water inlet adopts synthetic wastewater to simulate actual urban domestic sewage and NH 4 + -N concentration of 50mg/L, NO 2 - -N concentration 60mg/L; opening the water inlet valve and then the peristaltic pump, and preventing the system from growing in the initial stage of startingThe material quantity is lost, a starting mode with low filtering speed is adopted for ensuring the film forming effect, the filtering speed is regulated to be 0.25m/h, and the water conservancy residence time (HRT) at the moment is 4h; the initial period of starting is 0-48h, the effluent is pumped into the reactor again through a reflux pump, and the operation is carried out by adopting a continuous water inlet and continuous water outlet mode after the operation is repeated for 48 h; after the synthetic wastewater in the water inlet tank passes through the peristaltic pump, continuously pumping the synthetic wastewater into the cylindrical biological filter, and enabling the synthetic wastewater to flow through the water inlet mixing area and the filter material layer from bottom to top, wherein as the running time is increased, a red anaerobic ammonia oxidation biological film is attached to the surface of the filter material; under the action of anaerobic ammoxidation, most of NH in the inlet water 4 + -N and NO 2 - -N by N 2 In the form of (2) flowing from the water outlet tank through the water outlet pipe and being discharged into the water outlet tank; in the starting and stable operation process, the DO of the inlet water is 3-5mg/L, and dissolved oxygen of the inlet water is not required to be removed, so that the NH is facilitated to nitrifying bacteria 4 + The utilization of N and DO, which avoids the toxic effect of dissolved oxygen on Anamox distributed on the inner layer of the biological film, stimulates the activity of nitrifying bacteria enriched on the outer side of the biological film and provides conditions for the regulation and control of the subsequent system; waiting system NH 4 + The removal rate of N and TN reaches more than 70 percent, and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation biological filter is successfully started; because the anaerobic ammonia oxidation is always the main denitrification way of the scheme, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation activity needs to be ensured not to be affected as much as possible, so that the anaerobic ammonia oxidation biological filter is continuously and stably operated for 21 days after being started successfully, the Anamox activity is enhanced, and no reflux is performed in 21 days of stable operation;
2) An integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal regulation stage:
the phase mainly realizes the denitrification of the integrated autotrophic organisms by regulating and controlling the activity of functional bacteria; at this stage, a temperature control system is not additionally arranged, the temperature control device is closed, the system operates at normal temperature, and NH 4 + The concentration of-N is always kept at 50mg/L, the rotation speed of a peristaltic pump is regulated, the filtration speed is increased to 0.5m/h, the HRT is 2h at the moment, the concentration of nitrite in the inlet water is gradually reduced to sequentially perform seven stages of 60 mg/L-50 mg/L-40 mg/L-30 mg/L-20 mg/L-10 mg/L-0 mg/L according to the following concentration, and the concentration of the nitrite in the inlet water is gradually reduced according to the different proportions of reaction substrates of the inlet water, namely the NH of the inlet water in the seven stages 4 + -N andNO 2 - the ratio of N is 1:1.32, 1:1, 1:0.8, 1:0.6, 1:0.4, 1:0.2, 1:0, respectively; the 7 stages, each stage needs to run for at least 14 days, after 14 days, judging whether the stage needs to be ended according to the measurement results of the activity of the AOB and the Anamox, if the activity of the AOB is in an increasing trend, ending the corresponding stage to carry out the next stage, otherwise, continuing to prolong the running time of the stage; meanwhile, the concentration value of the dissolved oxygen is monitored on line at each stage, the aeration quantity is automatically adjusted, and when the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the reaction zone is lower than 0.3mg/L, the supplementary aeration is automatically started; when the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the reaction zone is higher than 1.5mg/L, automatically stopping aeration;
3) An optimization stage of the integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal process:
in an integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal process optimization stage after the integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal regulation stage in the step 2), the nitrogen load rate is improved by reducing the HRT; the rotation speed of the peristaltic pump is regulated, the HRT is gradually reduced from 4 hours to 2 hours, the process is divided into four different operation stages of 4 hours, 3.2 hours, 2.8 hours and 2 hours, and each stage is operated for 21 days; as the nitrogen load rate increases, sufficient dissolved oxygen concentration needs to be provided to stimulate ammonia oxidation, the automatic control equipment automatically adjusts aeration according to the on-line monitored dissolved oxygen concentration value, when the dissolved oxygen concentration in the reaction zone is lower than 0.3mg/L, the automatic control equipment starts an automatic aeration supplementing switch, and when the dissolved oxygen concentration in the reaction zone is higher than 1.5mg/L, the system automatically stops aeration;
4) Adding an organic carbon source, and strengthening the denitrification stage of the system:
after the optimization stage of the integrated autotrophic nitrogen removal process in the step 3), glucose is added into the raw water tank in a supplementing way to prepare the concentration of 40mg COD/L -1 The operation is continued, and the aim is to improve the activity of denitrifying bacteria, further remove the nitrate as a byproduct of the integrated reaction, and the denitrifying bacteria can convert the nitrate into N 2 The total nitrogen removal rate is further improved, and the denitrification of the system is enhanced by discharging the total nitrogen from the water outlet tank to the water outlet tank/back flushing water inlet tank (5) through the water outlet pipe;
5) And (3) back flushing stage:
because the step 4) supplements the carbon source, stimulates the growth of denitrifying bacteria, increases the back flushing stage and timely changes the back flushing stagePart of denitrifying bacteria with stronger activity are elutriated, and the flora structure in the filter tank is properly adjusted to avoid competing with Anamox for reaction substrate NO 2 - -N, affecting its activity; in addition, part of NOB can be elutriated, so that nitrite generated by ammoxidation is prevented from being directly oxidized into nitrate, and total nitrogen in effluent is increased; when the obvious increase of the nitrate concentration of the discharged water is detected, the water inlet valve and the peristaltic pump are closed, and the filter tank is backwashed;
6) And (4) after the back flushing is finished, continuing to perform the normal operation stage, namely, operating the steps 4) -5).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105692904A (en) * | 2016-04-23 | 2016-06-22 | 北京工业大学 | Method and device for achieving integrated anaerobic ammonia oxidation autotrophic denitrification of urban sewage |
| CN112390358A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-23 | 北京工业大学 | Device and method for enhancing domestic sewage denitrification by coupling anaerobic methanogenesis and shortcut nitrification anaerobic ammonia oxidation |
| CN112479370A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-12 | 青岛大学 | Sewage autotrophic nitrogen removal device and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105692904A (en) * | 2016-04-23 | 2016-06-22 | 北京工业大学 | Method and device for achieving integrated anaerobic ammonia oxidation autotrophic denitrification of urban sewage |
| CN112390358A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-23 | 北京工业大学 | Device and method for enhancing domestic sewage denitrification by coupling anaerobic methanogenesis and shortcut nitrification anaerobic ammonia oxidation |
| CN112479370A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-12 | 青岛大学 | Sewage autotrophic nitrogen removal device and method |
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