CN114212148B - Front cover device without lock body for commercial vehicle and design method - Google Patents
Front cover device without lock body for commercial vehicle and design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114212148B CN114212148B CN202210031569.9A CN202210031569A CN114212148B CN 114212148 B CN114212148 B CN 114212148B CN 202210031569 A CN202210031569 A CN 202210031569A CN 114212148 B CN114212148 B CN 114212148B
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- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
- B62D25/08—Front or rear portions
- B62D25/10—Bonnets or lids, e.g. for trucks, tractors, busses, work vehicles
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Abstract
The application discloses a front face shield device without a lock body of a commercial vehicle and a design method, and relates to the technical field of vehicle structure design, wherein the front face shield device comprises a front face shield body, a turnover hinge and two pneumatic support rods; the top edge of the front mask body is connected to the front wall of the vehicle body through a turnover hinge; the top ends of the two pneumatic support rods are hinged to the inner side of the front cover body, and the bottom ends of the two pneumatic support rods are hinged to the front wall of the vehicle body; the bottom end of the pneumatic support rod is positioned below the turnover hinge; when the front mask body is closed, the planes of the axes of the two pneumatic support rods are inclined upwards relative to the plane of the bottom ends of the two pneumatic support rods and the overturning hinge to form a closed self-locking angle; the closing torque is formed, and the closing torque is equal to or greater than the opening torque generated when the vehicle travels with the maximum deceleration. The front face shield device and the design method do not need to be provided with the lock body, the front face shield can be normally opened and closed, the space occupied by the lock body in the front face is saved, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of vehicle structure design, in particular to a front hood device without a lock body of a commercial vehicle and a design method.
Background
In the existing commercial vehicle, a front cover generally adopts a lock body structure to lock the front cover, and particularly, the front cover is provided with a lock body and a corresponding opening mechanism, and the lock body and the corresponding opening mechanism occupy part of the front wall arrangement space.
However, as the arrangement of the cowl of the commercial vehicle increases, the maintenance items increase, and the space for cowl maintenance is seriously insufficient. Meanwhile, when the front mask is opened, the lock body needs to be opened through the opening mechanism, and then the front mask needs to be opened; when the lock is closed, the front cover needs to be closed first, then the lock body needs to be closed, the opening operation is complicated, and the structure of the lock body is easy to damage; meanwhile, the lock body and the opening mechanism also occupy part of the cost.
Disclosure of Invention
To the defect that exists among the prior art, the utility model aims at providing a front face guard device and design method that commercial car does not have lock body, no longer set up the lock body, the front face guard also can keep closing fixedly, has saved the lock body and has enclosed the space that occupies before, has reduced manufacturing cost.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme is as follows: a front mask device of a commercial vehicle without a lock body comprises a front mask body, a turnover hinge and two pneumatic support rods; the top edge of the front mask body is connected to the front wall of the vehicle body through a turnover hinge; the two pneumatic support rods are arranged in a bilateral symmetry mode, the top ends of the two pneumatic support rods are hinged to the inner side of the front cover body, and the bottom ends of the two pneumatic support rods are hinged to the front wall of the vehicle body; the bottom end of the pneumatic support rod is positioned below the turnover hinge;
when the front mask body is closed, the planes of the axes of the two pneumatic support rods are inclined upwards relative to the plane of the bottom ends of the two pneumatic support rods and the overturning hinge to form a closed self-locking angle; the pneumatic stay bar in the closed self-locking angle state is used for forming closing torque on the front cover body, and the closing torque is larger than or equal to opening torque generated by the vehicle running with maximum deceleration.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the front cover device further comprises two limiting blocks, and the two limiting blocks are symmetrically arranged on the inner surfaces of the left side and the right side of the front cover body; when the front cover body is closed, the two limiting blocks abut against the front wall of the automobile body.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the two limiting blocks are rubber soft plugs.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the turnover hinge is provided with two hinge positions, and the straight line connected with the two hinge positions is parallel to the straight line connected with the bottom ends of the two pneumatic support rods.
The application also discloses a design method of the front mask device, which comprises the following steps:
measuring the mass of the front mask body, and finding out the mass center position of the front mask body in an opening state and a closing state;
based on the moment balance formula of the front cover body in the opening state, the gravity force arm of the front cover body and the minimum stretching force F of the pneumatic support rod are obtained by combining measurement 1 Arm of force of (F) is calculated 1 A value of (d);
according to F 1 Value, calculating the maximum extension force F of the pneumatic stay in the contracted state 2 (ii) a Calculating the maximum impact force F of the front cover body according to the maximum deceleration of the vehicle Impact of (ii) a Based on the moment balance formula of the front cover body in the closed state, combined with F 2 、F Impact of And respective force arms, calculating a closed self-locking angle theta; and installing the pneumatic stay bar based on the closed self-locking angle theta.
On the basis of the technical scheme, O is the center of mass position of the front cover body when the front cover body is opened, and O 1 Is the rotation central point of the front cover body relative to the turnover hinge; o is 3 The top point of the pneumatic stay bar is in an open state of the front face cover body; o is 2 Is the rotating central point of the bottom end of the pneumatic stay bar;
the torque balance formula for the open state is:
2F 1 ×L 1 ＝m×g×L 2
wherein m is the mass of the front cover body (1), g is the gravitational acceleration, and L 2 Is a force arm of the front cover body (1) in an opening state mg; l is 1 Is F 1 The moment arm of (a); m, L 1 And L 2 Can be obtained by measurement.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the low-temperature attenuation rate k is divided by the left side of the moment balance formula.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the base F 1 Calculating F of the pneumatic stay 2 The process of (2) is as follows:
F a ＝F 1 +F r
F b ＝F a ×α
F 2 ＝F b -F r
wherein, F r Is the dynamic friction of the known pneumatic stay, alpha is the spring force ratio of the known pneumatic stay, F a Nominal force in the extended state, F b Is the nominal force in the compressed state.
On the basis of the technical scheme, O 0 Is the center of mass when the front face shield body is closed; o is 4 The top point of the pneumatic stay bar 3 in the closed state of the front mask body 1; theta is O 2 O 4 And O 2 O 1 The included angle of (A);
the closed latching angle θ is calculated as follows:
L 4 ＝O 1 O 2 ×sinθ；
F opening device ＝ma；
2F 2 ×L 4 ＝F Opening device ×L 3 +mg×L 5 ；
Wherein L is 4 Is F 2 The moment arm of (a); l is 3 Is F Opening device The moment arm of (a); l is 5 The moment arm is the mg of the closed state of the front face cover body 1; a is the known maximum deceleration of vehicle travel; f Opening device The maximum opening force of the front cover body when the vehicle is at the maximum deceleration; o is 1 O 2 、L 3 And L 5 All can be measured.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the front cover device further comprises two limiting blocks, and the two limiting blocks are symmetrically arranged on the inner surfaces of the left side and the right side of the front cover body; when the front mask body is closed, the two limiting blocks abut against the front wall of the vehicle body; and the two limiting blocks are rubber soft plugs.
The technical scheme who provides this application brings beneficial effect includes:
1. according to the front cover device, the front cover body, the turnover hinge and the two pneumatic support rods are ingeniously arranged, the opening process of the front cover body is basically the same as that of a conventional front cover body, and after the front cover body is lifted up, the front cover body keeps lifting up under the action of the support rods of the pneumatic support rods;
when the front cover body is closed, the planes of the axes of the two pneumatic support rods are turned over relative to the planeThe plane of the rotating hinge and the bottom ends of the two pneumatic support rods is inclined upwards to form a closed self-locking angle (namely O in figure 3) 1 O 2 And O 2 O 4 The included angle therebetween); the pneumatic stay bar in the closed self-locking angle state forms a closing torque to the front mask body, the front mask body forms a closing trend around the center of the turnover hinge under the action of the pneumatic stay bar force, the closing torque is larger than or equal to an opening torque generated by the vehicle running by adopting maximum deceleration, namely the closing torque of the pneumatic stay bar in the closed self-locking angle state to the front mask body can overcome the opening torques in all states in the running process of the vehicle, and the front mask body can be ensured to be always kept in a stable and good closing state in the running process in the state without a lock body;
the front cover device is ingenious in design, a lock body structure is not required to be installed on the front cover device, self-locking is carried out through the pneumatic support rod, the space occupied by the lock body in the front wall is saved, and more maintenance space is left for the front wall; when the front mask device opens the front mask body, the lock body does not need to be opened first and then the front mask body does not need to be turned upwards, and the front mask body only needs to be directly turned upwards, so that the opening step is simplified; simultaneously, the front cover device of this application has still practiced thrift the cost of lock body and opening mechanism.
2. According to the design method of the front mask device, the quality of the front mask body is measured, and the mass center position of the front mask body in the opening state and the closing state is found out. Specifically, the centroid of the on state is shown as O point, and the centroid of the off state is O point 0 And (4) point. Based on the moment balance formula of the front cover body in the opening state, the gravity force arm of the front cover body and the minimum stretching force F of the pneumatic support rod are obtained by combining measurement 1 Arm of force of (F) is calculated 1 A value of (d); according to F 1 Value, calculating the maximum extension force F of the pneumatic stay in the contracted state 2 (ii) a Calculating the maximum impact force F of the front cover body according to the maximum deceleration of the vehicle Impact of (ii) a Based on the moment balance formula of the front cover body in the closed state, combined with F 2 、F Impact of Calculating a closed self-locking angle theta by using mg and respective force arms; and a pneumatic stay bar is installed based on the closed self-locking angle theta,the assembly work of the whole front cover device is completed. The design method of the front face shield device comprises the steps that the front face shield body and the pneumatic support rods are reasonably arranged, the appropriate pneumatic support rod force and the closed self-locking angle are calculated, the closing torque of the front face shield body when the front face shield body is closed can overcome the opening torque of the maximum acceleration of vehicle running, and therefore the front face shield body is guaranteed to be closed, fixed, stable and reliable, a lock body does not need to be additionally and independently arranged, design is ingenious, and the cost of the lock body and the cost of an opening mechanism are saved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a front cover device according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a simplified schematic diagram of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a force-bearing schematic diagram of an open state of a front cover according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a force diagram illustrating a closed state of a front cover according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
reference numerals: 1. a front cover body; 2. turning over the hinge; 3. a pneumatic stay bar; 4. and a limiting block.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present application also discloses an embodiment of a lockless front hood device for a commercial vehicle, which comprises a front hood body 1, a flip hinge 2 and two pneumatic struts 3. The topside of preceding face guard body 1 is followed and is connected in the automobile body before enclosing through upset hinge 2, when needs, accessible preceding face guard body 1 is followed upset hinge 2 and is overturn. Two pneumatic vaulting pole 3 bilateral symmetry sets up, and the symmetry axis is the vertical axis of preceding face guard body 1, and the top of two pneumatic vaulting poles 3 all hinges in preceding face guard body 1 inboard. The bottom ends of the two pneumatic support rods 3 are hinged to the front wall of the vehicle body, and the bottom ends of the pneumatic support rods 3 are located below the turnover hinge 2.
The front hood device is mainly characterized in that the opening process of the front hood body 1 is basically consistent with that of a conventional front hood body 1, and after the front hood body 1 is lifted up, the front hood body 1 keeps lifting up under the action of the supporting rod force of the pneumatic supporting rod 3. When the front mask body 1 is closed, the plane where the axes of the two pneumatic support rods 3 are located is inclined upward relative to the plane where the turning hinge 2 and the bottom ends of the two pneumatic support rods 3 are located, so that a closed self-locking angle (i.e., O in fig. 3) is formed 1 O 2 And O 2 O 4 The included angle therebetween); the pneumatic stay bar 3 in the closed self-locking angle state is used for forming closing torque on the front cover body 1, and the closing torque is larger than or equal to opening torque generated by the vehicle running with maximum deceleration.
The front cover device has the advantages that the closing torque in the closing state is larger than or equal to the starting torque generated by the vehicle running by adopting the maximum deceleration; it is worth to be noted that the maximum starting torque is obtained when the vehicle runs with the maximum deceleration; the starting torque generated at the rest of running time is smaller than the maximum starting torque generated when the vehicle runs by using the maximum deceleration; therefore, as long as the closing torque is larger than the maximum opening torque, the front cover body 1 can be ensured to be always kept in a good closing state in the driving process under the lock-free state.
In one embodiment, the front cover device comprises a front cover body 1, a turning hinge 2 and two pneumatic support rods 3, the top edge of the front cover body 1 is connected to the front wall of the vehicle body through the turning hinge 2, the two pneumatic support rods 3 are arranged in bilateral symmetry, the top ends of the two pneumatic support rods 3 are hinged to the inner side of the front cover body 1, the bottom ends of the two pneumatic support rods 3 are hinged to the front wall of the vehicle body, and the bottom ends of the pneumatic support rods 3 are located below the turning hinge 2. The front face guard device still contains two stopper 4, and two stopper 4 symmetries set up in the internal surface of the front face guard body 1 left and right sides, and the symmetry axis is the vertical axis of front face guard body 1. When the front face guard body 1 is closed, the two limiting blocks 4 abut against the front wall of the automobile body, so that the strong extrusion friction of other parts is prevented, and the front face guard body 1 and the front wall of the automobile body are protected.
In one embodiment, the front cover device comprises a front cover body 1, a turning hinge 2 and two pneumatic support rods 3, the top edge of the front cover body 1 is connected to the front wall of the vehicle body through the turning hinge 2, the two pneumatic support rods 3 are arranged in bilateral symmetry, the top ends of the two pneumatic support rods 3 are hinged to the inner side of the front cover body 1, the bottom ends of the two pneumatic support rods 3 are hinged to the front wall of the vehicle body, and the bottom ends of the pneumatic support rods 3 are located below the turning hinge 2. Two stopper 4 all adopt the rubber cork, and the rubber cork can play the extruded purpose of buffering, and prevents the powerful extrusion of each part, strengthens the life-span of each part.
In one embodiment, the front cover device comprises a front cover body 1, a turning hinge 2 and two pneumatic support rods 3, the top edge of the front cover body 1 is connected to the front wall of the vehicle body through the turning hinge 2, the two pneumatic support rods 3 are arranged in bilateral symmetry, the top ends of the two pneumatic support rods 3 are hinged to the inner side of the front cover body 1, the bottom ends of the two pneumatic support rods 3 are hinged to the front wall of the vehicle body, and the bottom ends of the pneumatic support rods 3 are located below the turning hinge 2. Further, the turnover hinge 2 has two hinge positions, and a straight line connecting the two hinge positions is parallel to a straight line connecting the bottom ends of the two pneumatic support rods 3.
Preferably, in order to facilitate the formation of the closed self-locking angle, a hinge seat is installed at the top end of the pneumatic stay 3 and the inner surface of the front mask body 1, the hinge seat is fixed on the front mask body 1, and the top end of the pneumatic stay 3 is hinged to the hinge seat.
According to the front cover device, the front cover body 1, the turnover hinge 2 and the two pneumatic support rods 3 are ingeniously arranged, so that when the front cover body 1 is closed, the planes where the axes of the two pneumatic support rods 3 are located are inclined upwards relative to the planes where the turnover hinge 2 and the bottom ends of the two pneumatic support rods 3 are located, and a closed self-locking angle is formed; the pneumatic stay bar 3 in the closed self-locking angle state forms a closing torque for the front cover body 1, and the closing torque is larger than or equal to an opening torque generated by the vehicle running by adopting maximum deceleration, namely the closing torque of the pneumatic stay bar 3 in the closed self-locking angle state for the front cover body 1 can overcome the opening torque of all states in the running process of the vehicle. The front cover device is ingenious in design, a lock body structure is not required to be installed on the front cover device, the pneumatic support rod 3 is used for self-locking, the space occupied by the lock body in the front wall is saved, and more maintenance space is left for the front wall; when the front mask device opens the front mask body 1, the lock body does not need to be opened first and then the front mask body 1 is turned upwards, and only the front mask body 1 needs to be directly turned upwards, so that the opening step is simplified; simultaneously, the front cover device of this application has still practiced thrift the cost of lock body and opening mechanism.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the present application further discloses a design method based on the front mask device, which comprises the following steps:
the mass of the front mask body 1 is measured, and the position of the center of mass of the front mask body 1 in the open state and the closed state is found. Specifically, see fig. 3, the centroid in the on state is shown as point O, and the centroid in the off state is shown as point O 0 And (4) point.
Based on the moment balance formula of the front hood body 1 in the opening state, the gravity force arm of the front hood body 1 and the minimum extension force F of the pneumatic stay bar 3 are obtained by combining measurement 1 Moment arm of (D) to calculate F 1 The value of (c).
According to F 1 Value, calculating the maximum extension force F of the pneumatic stay 3 in the contracted state 2 (ii) a Calculating the maximum impact force F of the front cover body 1 based on the maximum deceleration of the vehicle Impact of (ii) a Based on the moment balance formula of the front cover body 1 in the closed state, in combination with F 2 、F Impact of Calculating a closed self-locking angle theta according to respective force arms; and the pneumatic stay bar 3 is installed based on the closed self-locking angle theta, so that the assembly work of the whole front cover device is completed.
It is worth to be noted that fig. 3 is a graph for analyzing the force applied to the opened side of the front cover body, e.g. fig. 3FIG. 4 is a side force analysis diagram of the front cover body closed, and the bottom ends and the top ends of two pneumatic struts 3 in FIGS. 3 and 4 all take a central force point, O 2 Is the central stress point, O, of the bottom ends of the two pneumatic supporting rods 3 3 The central stress point of the top ends of the two pneumatic support rods 3 in the opening state; o is 4 The central stress point of the top ends of the two pneumatic support rods 3 in the closed state; o is 1 Is the central force point of the flip hinge 2.
According to the design method of the front mask device, the quality of the front mask body is measured, and the mass center position of the front mask body in the opening state and the closing state is found out. Specifically, the centroid of the on state is shown as O point, and the centroid of the off state is O point 0 And (4) point. Based on the moment balance formula of the front cover body in the opening state, the gravity force arm of the front cover body and the minimum stretching force F of the pneumatic support rod are obtained by combining measurement 1 Moment arm of (D) to calculate F 1 A value of (d); according to F 1 Value, calculating the maximum extension force F of the pneumatic stay in the contracted state 2 (ii) a Calculating the maximum impact force F of the front cover body according to the maximum deceleration of the vehicle Impact of (ii) a Based on the moment balance formula of the front cover body in the closed state, combined with F 2 、F Impact of Calculating a closed self-locking angle theta by using mg and respective force arms; and based on the closed self-locking angle theta, a pneumatic stay bar is installed to complete the assembly work of the whole front cover device. The design method of the front face shield device comprises the steps that the front face shield body and the pneumatic support rods are reasonably arranged, the appropriate pneumatic support rod force and the closed self-locking angle are calculated, the closing torque of the front face shield body when the front face shield body is closed can overcome the opening torque of the maximum acceleration of vehicle running, and therefore the front face shield body is guaranteed to be closed, fixed, stable and reliable, a lock body does not need to be additionally and independently arranged, design is ingenious, and the cost of the lock body and the cost of an opening mechanism are saved.
In one embodiment, the mass of the front mask body 1 is measured, and the position of the center of mass of the front mask body 1 in the open state and the closed state is found. Based on the moment balance formula of the front cover body 1 in the opening state, F is calculated 1 The value of (c). According to F 1 Value, calculating the maximum extension force F of the pneumatic stay 3 in the contracted state 2 (ii) a Calculating the maximum impact force F of the front cover body 1 based on the maximum deceleration of the vehicle Impact of (ii) a And calculating a closed self-locking angle theta based on a moment balance formula of the front cover body 1 in a closed state. Further, the point O is the centroid position when the front face cover body 1 is opened, O 1 Is the rotation central point of the front cover body 1 relative to the turnover hinge 2 and is also the central force bearing point of the turnover hinge 2. O is 3 The top point of the pneumatic support rod 3 in the opening state of the front cover body 1; o is 2 Is the bottom rotation central point of the pneumatic stay bar 3.
The torque balance formula for the open state is:
2F 1 ×L 1 ＝m×g×L 2
wherein, F 1 The minimum stretching force of the pneumatic stay bar (3) in the opening state of the front cover body (1); l is 1 Is F 1 The moment arm of (a); in particular, L 1 Is O 1 To O 2 O 3 The length of the vertical line segment of the straight line;
m is the mass of the front mask body 1, and g is the gravity acceleration; l is a radical of an alcohol 2 Is a force arm of the front cover body (1) in an opening state mg; in particular, L 2 Is O 1 To mg of vertical line segment length. Wherein m and L 2 、L 1 Can be obtained by modeling and then measuring.
In one embodiment, the mass of the front mask body 1 is measured, and the position of the center of mass of the front mask body 1 in the open state and the closed state is found. Based on the moment balance formula of the front cover body 1 in the opening state, F is calculated 1 The value of (c). According to F 1 Value, calculating the maximum extension force F of the pneumatic stay 3 in the contracted state 2 (ii) a Calculating the maximum impact force F of the front cover body 1 based on the maximum deceleration of the vehicle Impact of (ii) a Based on the torque balance formula of the front cover body 1 in the closed state, the closed self-locking angle θ is calculated. Further, considering that the extension force of the pneumatic stay bar 3 is attenuated due to expansion with heat and contraction with cold in the low temperature state, the left side of the moment balance formula is divided by the low temperature attenuation rate k, that is, the formula is 2F 1 /k×L 1 ＝m×g×L 2 . The low-temperature attenuation rate k is added into the formula, so that the method can be ensured inThe stretching force under the normal temperature state is larger, and the stretching force under the low temperature state also meets the requirement. Preferably, k takes a value of 1.3.
In one embodiment, the mass of the front mask body 1 is measured, and the position of the center of mass of the front mask body 1 in the open state and the closed state is found. Based on the moment balance formula of the front cover body 1 in the opening state, F is calculated 1 The value of (c). According to F 1 Value, calculating the maximum extension force F of the pneumatic stay 3 in the contracted state 2 (ii) a Calculating the maximum impact force F of the front cover body 1 according to the maximum deceleration of the vehicle Impact of (ii) a Based on the torque balance formula of the front cover body 1 in the closed state, the closed self-locking angle θ is calculated. According to F 1 Calculating F of the pneumatic stay 3 2 The process of (2) is as follows:
F a ＝F 1 +F r
F b ＝F a ×α
F 2 ＝F b -F r
wherein, F r Known as the dynamic friction of the pneumatic stay 3.α is the known spring force ratio of the pneumatic stay 3, F a Nominal force in the extended state, F b Is the nominal force in the compressed state.
Preferably, α is 1.25 to 1.32.
In one embodiment, the mass of the front mask body 1 is measured, and the position of the center of mass of the front mask body 1 in the open state and the closed state is found. Based on the moment balance formula of the front cover body 1 in the opening state, F is calculated 1 The value of (c). According to F 1 Value, calculating the maximum extension force F of the pneumatic stay 3 in the contracted state 2 (ii) a Calculating the maximum impact force F of the front cover body 1 based on the maximum deceleration of the vehicle Impact of (ii) a Based on the torque balance formula of the front cover body 1 in the closed state, the closed self-locking angle θ is calculated. O is 0 The closed self-locking angle θ is calculated as the center of mass when the front cowl body 1 is closed as follows:
L 4 ＝O 1 O 2 ×sinθ；
F opening device ＝ma；
2F 2 ×L 4 ＝F Opening device ×L 3 +mg×L 5 ；
Wherein, O 1 O 2 Is the length of the line segment between two points; l is 4 Is F 2 Arm of force of from O 1 Point to O 2 O 4 The length of the perpendicular segment of the extension line; l is 3 Is F Opening device Arm of force, in particular O 1 To F Switch (C) The length of the vertical segment of (a); l is 5 An arm of force of mg in a closed state of the front face shield body 1, specifically O 0 To L 3 The length of the vertical line segment of the vertical segment (i.e. O in FIG. 4) 0 Distance to the left dashed line). a is the known maximum deceleration of the vehicle travel; f Opening device The maximum opening force of the front cover body when the vehicle is at maximum deceleration, and theta is O 2 O 4 And O 2 O 1 Angle of (a) O 4 The top point of the pneumatic stay bar 3 in the closed state of the front mask body 1; o is 2 O 4 Position of the pneumatic stay 3 in the closed state of the front cover body 1, O 2 O 3 The position of the pneumatic stay bar 3 in the open state of the front cover body 1.
Regarding the design method of the present application, in one embodiment, the front cover device includes a front cover body 1, a flip hinge 2 and two pneumatic support rods 3, the top edge of the front cover body 1 is connected to the front wall of the vehicle body through the flip hinge 2, the two pneumatic support rods 3 are arranged in bilateral symmetry, the top ends of the two pneumatic support rods 3 are hinged to the inner side of the front cover body 1, the bottom ends of the two pneumatic support rods 3 are hinged to the front wall of the vehicle body, and the bottom ends of the pneumatic support rods 3 are located below the flip hinge 2. The front face guard device still contains two stopper 4, and two stopper 4 symmetries set up in the internal surface of the front face guard body 1 left and right sides, and the symmetry axis is the vertical axis of front face guard body 1. When the front face guard body 1 is closed, the two limiting blocks 4 abut against the front wall of the automobile body, so that the strong extrusion friction of other parts is prevented, and the front face guard body 1 and the front wall of the automobile body are protected.
Regarding the design method of the present application, in one embodiment, the front cover device includes a front cover body 1, a flip hinge 2 and two pneumatic support rods 3, the top edge of the front cover body 1 is connected to the front wall of the vehicle body through the flip hinge 2, the two pneumatic support rods 3 are symmetrically arranged in the left-right direction, the top ends of the two pneumatic support rods 3 are hinged to the inner side of the front cover body 1, the bottom ends of the two pneumatic support rods 3 are hinged to the front wall of the vehicle body, and the bottom ends of the pneumatic support rods 3 are located below the flip hinge 2. Two stopper 4 all adopt the rubber cork, and the rubber cork can play the extruded purpose of buffering, and prevents the powerful extrusion of each part, strengthens the life-span of each part.
Regarding the design method of the present application, in one embodiment, the front cover device includes a front cover body 1, a flip hinge 2 and two pneumatic support rods 3, the top edge of the front cover body 1 is connected to the front wall of the vehicle body through the flip hinge 2, the two pneumatic support rods 3 are arranged in bilateral symmetry, the top ends of the two pneumatic support rods 3 are hinged to the inner side of the front cover body 1, the bottom ends of the two pneumatic support rods 3 are hinged to the front wall of the vehicle body, and the bottom ends of the pneumatic support rods 3 are located below the flip hinge 2. Further, the turnover hinge 2 has two hinge positions, and a straight line connecting the two hinge positions is parallel to a straight line connecting the bottom ends of the two pneumatic support rods 3. Preferably, in order to facilitate the formation of the closed self-locking angle, a hinge seat is installed at the top end of the pneumatic stay bar 3 and the inner surface of the front mask body 1, the hinge seat is fixed on the front mask body 1, and the top end of the pneumatic stay bar 3 is hinged to the hinge seat.
The design method of the application optimizes and improves the front cover body 1 and the turnover hinge 2, and has a closed self-locking angle; calculating to obtain a closed self-locking angle through a moment balance formula based on the closed state of the front cover body 1 and a moment balance formula based on the open state of the front cover body 1; and then the pneumatic stay bar 3 is installed on the basis of the closed self-locking angle, the pneumatic stay bar 3 forms a closing torque to the front cover body 1, and the closing torque is larger than or equal to an opening torque generated by the vehicle running by adopting the maximum deceleration, namely the closing torque of the pneumatic stay bar 3 in the state of the closed self-locking angle to the front cover body 1 can overcome the opening torques in all states in the running process of the vehicle. The front cover device is ingenious in design, a lock body structure is not required to be installed on the front cover device, the pneumatic support rod 3 is used for self-locking, the space occupied by the lock body in the front wall is saved, and more maintenance space is left for the front wall; when the front mask device opens the front mask body 1, the lock body does not need to be opened first and then the front mask body 1 is turned upwards, and only the front mask body 1 needs to be directly turned upwards, so that the opening step is simplified; simultaneously, the front cover device of this application has still practiced thrift the cost of lock body and opening mechanism.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
It is noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a … …" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. A design method of a front cover device of a commercial vehicle without a lock body is characterized in that: the front mask device comprises a front mask body (1), a turnover hinge (2) and two pneumatic support rods (3); the top edge of the front mask body (1) is connected to the front wall of the vehicle body through a turnover hinge (2); the two pneumatic support rods (3) are arranged in bilateral symmetry, the top ends of the two pneumatic support rods (3) are hinged to the inner side of the front cover body (1), and the bottom ends of the two pneumatic support rods (3) are hinged to the front wall of the vehicle body; the bottom end of the pneumatic support rod (3) is positioned below the turnover hinge (2);
when the front mask body (1) is closed, the planes of the axes of the two pneumatic support rods (3) are inclined upwards relative to the plane of the bottom ends of the turnover hinge (2) and the two pneumatic support rods (3) to form a closed self-locking angle; the pneumatic stay bar (3) in a closed self-locking angle state is used for forming closing torque on the front cover body (1), and the closing torque is larger than or equal to starting torque generated by the vehicle running at the maximum deceleration;
the design method of the front mask device comprises the following steps:
measuring the mass of the front mask body (1), and finding out the mass center position of the front mask body (1) in an opening state and a closing state;
based on a moment balance formula of the front hood body (1) in an opening state, the measured gravity force arm of the front hood body (1) and the minimum stretching force F of the pneumatic stay bar (3) are combined 1 Moment arm of (D) to calculate F 1 A value of (d);
according to F 1 Value, calculating the maximum extension force F of the pneumatic stay (3) in the contracted state 2 (ii) a Maximum deceleration meter according to vehicle runningCalculating the maximum impact force F of the front cover body (1) Impact of (ii) a Based on the moment balance formula of the front cover body (1) in the closed state, combined with F 2 、F Impact of And respective force arms, calculating a closed self-locking angle theta; and installing the pneumatic stay bar (3) based on the closed self-locking angle theta.
2. A method of designing a front mask assembly according to claim 1, wherein O is the position of the center of mass of the front mask body (1) when it is opened, O being 1 Is a rotation central point of the front cover body (1) relative to the turnover hinge (2); o is 3 The top point of the pneumatic support rod (3) in the opening state of the front cover body (1); o is 2 Is the rotating central point of the bottom end of the pneumatic support rod (3);
the torque balance formula for the open state is:
2F 1 ×L 1 ＝m×g×L 2
wherein m is the mass of the front cover body (1), g is the gravity acceleration, and L is 2 Is a force arm of the front cover body (1) in an opening state mg; l is a radical of an alcohol 1 Is F 1 The moment arm of (a); m, L 1 And L 2 Can be obtained by measurement.
3. A method of designing a front mask assembly according to claim 2, wherein: the left side of the moment balance formula is divided by the low temperature decay rate k, and the right side of the moment balance formula is unchanged.
4. A method of designing a front mask assembly according to claim 2, wherein said F is 1 Calculating F of the pneumatic stay (3) 2 The process of (2) is as follows:
F a ＝F 1 +F r
F b ＝F a ×α
F 2 ＝F b -F r
wherein, F r Is the dynamic friction of the known pneumatic stay (3), alpha is the spring force ratio of the known pneumatic stay (3), F a Nominal force in the extended state, F b Is nominal in the compressed stateForce.
5. A method of designing a front mask assembly according to claim 4, wherein O is 0 Is the center of mass when the front face shield body (1) is closed; o is 4 The vertex of the pneumatic brace rod (3) in the closed state of the front cover body (1) and theta is O 2 O 4 And O 2 O 1 The included angle of (A);
the closed latching angle θ is calculated as follows:
L 4 ＝O 1 O 2 ×sinθ；
F opening device ＝ma；
2F 2 ×L 4 ＝F Opening device ×L 3 +mg×L 5 ；
Wherein L is 4 Is F 2 The moment arm of (a); l is 3 Is F Switch (C) The moment arm of (a); l is 5 Is a force arm of the front face shield body (1) in a closing state mg; a is the known maximum deceleration of vehicle travel; f Opening device The maximum opening force of the front cover body when the vehicle is at the maximum deceleration; o is 1 O 2 、L 3 And L 5 Can be obtained by measurement.
6. A method of designing a front mask assembly according to claim 2, wherein: the front mask device also comprises two limiting blocks (4), and the two limiting blocks (4) are symmetrically arranged on the inner surfaces of the left side and the right side of the front mask body (1); when the front mask body (1) is closed, the two limiting blocks (4) are abutted against the front wall of the vehicle body; and the two limiting blocks (4) are rubber soft plugs.
7. A method of designing a front mask assembly according to claim 1, wherein: the turnover hinge (2) is provided with two hinge positions, and the straight line connected with the two hinge positions is parallel to the straight line connected with the bottom ends of the two pneumatic support rods (3).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210031569.9A CN114212148B (en) | 2022-01-12 | 2022-01-12 | Front cover device without lock body for commercial vehicle and design method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210031569.9A CN114212148B (en) | 2022-01-12 | 2022-01-12 | Front cover device without lock body for commercial vehicle and design method |
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| CN114212148A CN114212148A (en) | 2022-03-22 |
| CN114212148B true CN114212148B (en) | 2022-12-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| JP4775079B2 (en) * | 2006-04-03 | 2011-09-21 | 日産自動車株式会社 | Body front structure |
| CN106275093A (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2017-01-04 | 北京汽车研究总院有限公司 | A kind of hood gas strut assembly and automobile |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6588526B1 (en) * | 1999-05-17 | 2003-07-08 | Edsca Ag | Front hood assembly |
| CN1730339A (en) * | 2005-08-17 | 2006-02-08 | 杨益奎 | Automobile driving cabin overturning and locking arrangement |
| CN102372031A (en) * | 2010-08-13 | 2012-03-14 | 中国第一汽车集团公司 | Lock-free front wall outwardly-turned-up structure |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114212148A (en) | 2022-03-22 |
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