CN114211271A - Clamping structure and clamping method for machining and positioning box-shaped part - Google Patents
Clamping structure and clamping method for machining and positioning box-shaped part Download PDFInfo
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- CN114211271A CN114211271A CN202111103453.3A CN202111103453A CN114211271A CN 114211271 A CN114211271 A CN 114211271A CN 202111103453 A CN202111103453 A CN 202111103453A CN 114211271 A CN114211271 A CN 114211271A
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- box
- shaped
- wedge
- shaped part
- clamping structure
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/062—Work-clamping means adapted for holding workpieces having a special form or being made from a special material
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
A clamping structure and clamping method that the processing of a box-shaped part positions, the basal body of the clamping structure is a box-shaped body with open top, the size of cavity of the box-shaped body is greater than the overall dimension of the box-shaped part, there are a plurality of locating pins of vertical direction on both sides wall and rear end sidewall of the cavity of box-shaped body, there is a gap between sidewall and both sides sidewall of front end of the cavity of box-shaped body, there are horizontal wedge-shaped troughs in the middle part of sidewall of front end of the cavity of box-shaped body, there is a wedge-shaped block matching with the wedge-shaped trough in addition, put the box-shaped part into cavity of box-shaped body, make both sides and outside wall of the rear end of the box-shaped part meet with locating pin; inserting the wedge block into the wedge groove in parallel to clamp the box-shaped part in the inner cavity of the box-shaped body of the clamping structure for processing; and after the box-shaped part is processed, the wedge block is withdrawn from the wedge groove, and the box-shaped part can be taken out.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a machining positioning tool technology, in particular to a clamping structure and a clamping method for machining and positioning box-shaped parts.
Background
The metal box-shaped part is a part with a certain thickness and a cavity and various shapes, the external dimension of the metal box-shaped part is relatively easy to meet, but the machining precision is often difficult to ensure due to unbalanced clamping during large-scale machining because of the strength and rigidity defects of a cavity structure during finish machining of internal grooves and holes, and the product quality cannot be effectively controlled.
For a long time, because the parts are characterized by belonging to box-shaped cavities, have wall thickness and cavities with certain thickness and usually need to be drilled or milled in the cavities, a small-batch machining process is generally adopted, but clamping by using a universal machine tool clamping structure in the machining process cannot meet the requirements of the size and the shape of a finished product, and particularly under the condition of high-speed feeding of a cutter, unstable clamping usually occurs, so that certain potential safety hazards exist, and meanwhile, the parts can deviate or even twist, so that the processing failure or low precision is caused, and defective products are generated.
In the product manufacturing process, the manufacturing cost and the use efficiency are important consideration factors, so a set of stable clamping structure is required to be designed to process the metal inner cavity box-shaped part with high precision requirement, the problems of cost and efficiency can be solved, and the precision and the operation safety can be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a clamping structure and a processing method for a processing inner cavity of a metal box-shaped part, which can solve the problems of part processing cost and efficiency and ensure dimensional accuracy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the clamping structure for processing and positioning the box-shaped part is characterized in that a base body of the clamping structure is a box-shaped body with an open top, the size of an inner cavity of the box-shaped body is larger than the external size of the box-shaped part, a plurality of positioning pins in the vertical direction are arranged on two side walls and a rear end side wall of the inner cavity of the box-shaped body, a gap is reserved between the front end side wall and the two side walls of the inner cavity of the box-shaped body, a transverse wedge-shaped groove is arranged in the middle of the front end side wall of the inner cavity of the box-shaped body, a first wedge surface is arranged at the bottom of the wedge-shaped groove, a wedge block matched with the wedge-shaped groove is arranged in addition, the front side surface of the wedge block is a plane, the rear side surface of the wedge block is a second wedge surface, and the slopes of the first wedge surface and the second wedge surface are consistent and matched with each other.
The length of the wedge block is greater than that of the wedge groove.
The inclination angle of the first wedge surface and the second wedge surface is preferably 6 degrees.
The bottom both ends of the box-shaped body have lugs extending outwards, and the lugs are provided with U-shaped grooves.
The application also provides a clamping method for machining and positioning the box-shaped part, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) the clamping structure for processing and positioning the box-shaped part is used; 2) fixing the base body of the clamping structure on the surface of a machine tool through a U-shaped groove; 3) placing the box-shaped part into the inner cavity of the box-shaped body, and connecting the two sides and the outer side wall of the rear end of the box-shaped part with the positioning pins; 4) inserting the wedge block into the wedge groove in parallel to clamp the box-shaped part in the inner cavity of the box-shaped body of the clamping structure for processing; 5) and after the box-shaped part is processed, the wedge block is withdrawn from the wedge groove, and the box-shaped part can be taken out.
The beneficial effect of this application lies in: 1) the inner cavity of the box body of the clamping structure is matched with the shape of the metal box-shaped part, the metal box-shaped part is clamped in the inner cavity of the box body through a positioning pin and a wedge-shaped block, and the base body of the clamping structure is fixed with a machine tool through a U-shaped groove, so that the processing inner cavity of the metal box-shaped part is accurately positioned; 2) the clamping structure has the advantages of convenience and reliability in clamping, reasonable structure, convenience in processing and manufacturing, low cost, suitability for processing large-batch modularized metal box-shaped parts and universal applicability to similar box-shaped structural parts.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a clamping structure (strip state) for processing and positioning a box-shaped part.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the base of the clamp.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a wedge block structure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the dowel structure.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a clamping method for machining and positioning a box-shaped part.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a clamping method for machining and positioning a box-shaped part.
The numbering in the figures illustrates: the box-shaped part comprises a box-shaped part 1, a box-shaped body 2, an inner cavity 3, a gap 4, a wedge-shaped groove 5, a wedge-shaped block 6, a lug 7, a U-shaped groove 8, a first wedge-shaped surface 9, a second wedge-shaped surface 10, a pin hole 11 and a positioning pin 12.
Detailed Description
Referring to the attached drawings, the clamping structure for processing and positioning the box-shaped part is a special clamp designed for processing an inner cavity of a metal box-shaped part 1, the base body of the clamping structure is a box-shaped body 2 with an open top, the size of the inner cavity 3 of the box-shaped body 2 is larger than the external size of the box-shaped part 1, a plurality of pin holes 11 in the vertical direction and positioning pins 12 assembled in the pin holes are arranged on the side walls of the two sides and the rear end of the inner cavity 3 of the box-shaped body, a gap 4 is reserved between the side wall at the front end and the side walls at the two sides of the inner cavity 3 of the box-shaped body, a transverse wedge groove 5 is arranged in the middle of the side wall at the front end of the inner cavity of the box-shaped body, the groove bottom of the wedge groove 5 is a first wedge surface 9, a wedge block 6 matched with the wedge groove 5 is arranged, the length of the wedge block 6 is larger than that of the wedge groove 5, the front side surface of the wedge block is a plane, the rear side surface is a second wedge surface 10, and the first wedge surface and the second wedge surface are matched with each other in a same inclination, in an embodiment, the first wedge surface 9 and the second wedge surface 10 are inclined at an angle of 6 °.
For connecting with a machine tool, two ends of the bottom of the box-shaped body 2 are provided with lugs 7 extending outwards, and the lugs are provided with U-shaped grooves 8.
When the clamping structure is used for processing a box-shaped part in a clamping state, firstly, a base body of the clamping structure is fixed on the surface of a machine tool through a U-shaped groove 8; then, the box-shaped part 1 is placed in the inner cavity 3 of the box-shaped body 2, so that the two sides and the outer side wall at the rear end of the box-shaped part 1 are connected with the positioning pins 12; inserting a wedge block 6 into a wedge groove 5 in parallel, and clamping the box-shaped part 1 in an inner cavity 3 of a box-shaped body 2 of a clamping structure by using a front side plane of the wedge block for processing; after the box-shaped part 1 is processed, the wedge block 6 is withdrawn from the wedge groove 5, and the box-shaped part 1 can be taken out.
In particular implementations, the clamping structure may be machined numerically to ensure the size and precision of the clamp assembly. In order to achieve the self-locking effect, the inclined plane angles of the first inclined wedge surface and the second inclined wedge surface are designed to be 6 degrees, and the static balance formula shows that in order to meet the self-locking condition of the inclined wedge, the inclined plane angle is smaller than the sum of friction angles between the inclined wedge and a workpiece and between the inclined wedge and the clamp body, and the friction angle is usually 6 degrees, so that the inclined plane angle is smaller than 12 degrees. However, considering the actual working condition of the wedge, assuming that the pressed contact surface of the wedge and the workpiece is not necessarily good, for the sake of more reliable self-locking, the actual bevel angle is 6 °, and then tan6 ° is approximately equal to 1/10, that is, the safe self-locking slope ratio is 1: 10) two ends of the wedge block 2 are respectively 10mm longer than two ends of the clamp base body 1, the clamp base body 1 and the wedge block 2 are both Q235, and heat treatment is performed on HRC 40-HRC 45.
In implementation, when the wedge block and the wedge groove are clamped, the small end of the wedge block 6 is inserted into the large end of the wedge groove 5, and the large end of the wedge block 6 is continuously knocked to compress the part. After the machining is finished, the small end of the wedge block 6 is knocked, and the wedge block can be easily pulled out to take down the workpiece. The head of the locating pin 12 is sleeved with a rubber protective sleeve to avoid damaging the part in the process of contacting with the part, and the locating pin 12 is subjected to heat treatment on HRC 35-HRC 40 by adopting 45 steel.
When the requirements on the size and the surface quality of the outer surface of the box-shaped part are high, the external machining allowance can be considered, and when the inner cavity of the box-shaped part is machined in the positioning and clamping mode, the outer shape is machined once.
Claims (5)
1. The clamping structure for processing and positioning the box-shaped part is characterized in that a base body of the clamping structure is a box-shaped body with an open top, the size of an inner cavity of the box-shaped body is larger than the external size of the box-shaped part, a plurality of positioning pins in the vertical direction are arranged on two side walls and a rear end side wall of the inner cavity of the box-shaped body, a gap is reserved between the front end side wall and the two side walls of the inner cavity of the box-shaped body, a transverse wedge-shaped groove is arranged in the middle of the front end side wall of the inner cavity of the box-shaped body, a first wedge surface is arranged at the bottom of the wedge-shaped groove, a wedge block matched with the wedge-shaped groove is arranged in addition, the front side surface of the wedge block is a plane, the rear side surface of the wedge block is a second wedge surface, and the slopes of the first wedge surface and the second wedge surface are consistent and matched with each other.
2. The clamping structure for machining and positioning a box-shaped part according to claim 1, wherein the length of the wedge block is greater than the length of the wedge groove.
3. The clamping structure for machining and positioning the box-shaped part according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first wedge surface and the second wedge surface are inclined at an angle of 6 °.
4. The clamping structure for machining and positioning the box-shaped part according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the box-shaped body is provided with outward extending lugs at both ends, and the lugs are provided with U-shaped grooves.
5. A clamping method for machining and positioning box-shaped parts is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) machining a positioned clamping structure using the box-shaped part according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4; 2) fixing the base body of the clamping structure on the surface of a machine tool through a U-shaped groove; 3) placing the box-shaped part into the inner cavity of the box-shaped body, and connecting the two sides and the outer side wall of the rear end of the box-shaped part with the positioning pins; 4) inserting the wedge block into the wedge groove in parallel to clamp the box-shaped part in the inner cavity of the box-shaped body of the clamping structure for processing; 5) and after the box-shaped part is processed, the wedge block is withdrawn from the wedge groove, and the box-shaped part can be taken out.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111103453.3A CN114211271A (en) | 2021-09-18 | 2021-09-18 | Clamping structure and clamping method for machining and positioning box-shaped part |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111103453.3A CN114211271A (en) | 2021-09-18 | 2021-09-18 | Clamping structure and clamping method for machining and positioning box-shaped part |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114211271A true CN114211271A (en) | 2022-03-22 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111103453.3A Pending CN114211271A (en) | 2021-09-18 | 2021-09-18 | Clamping structure and clamping method for machining and positioning box-shaped part |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114211271A (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6105951A (en) * | 1998-10-07 | 2000-08-22 | Okuma Corporation | Work positioning jigs for machine tools |
| CN204295377U (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-04-29 | 成都市翻鑫家科技有限公司 | A kind of self-locking boring grab |
| CN105436925A (en) * | 2015-12-05 | 2016-03-30 | 重庆新红旗缸盖制造有限公司 | Clamp for machining of cylinder cover valve line |
| CN205325237U (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-06-22 | 中航天水飞机工业有限责任公司 | Box -like spare boring grab |
| CN206153945U (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-05-10 | 西安北方光电科技防务有限公司 | A clamping device for slide wedge multistation |
| CN109128917A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-01-04 | 郑州亨睿精密机械科技有限公司 | It is a kind of can automatic adjusument aluminum products fixture for processing |
| CN113001212A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-22 | 扬力集团股份有限公司 | Self-positioning clamping device for machining inclined plane of machine tool guide rail |
| CN113369931A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-09-10 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Anti-loosening clamping tool for aviation structural part and using method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-09-18 CN CN202111103453.3A patent/CN114211271A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6105951A (en) * | 1998-10-07 | 2000-08-22 | Okuma Corporation | Work positioning jigs for machine tools |
| CN204295377U (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-04-29 | 成都市翻鑫家科技有限公司 | A kind of self-locking boring grab |
| CN105436925A (en) * | 2015-12-05 | 2016-03-30 | 重庆新红旗缸盖制造有限公司 | Clamp for machining of cylinder cover valve line |
| CN205325237U (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-06-22 | 中航天水飞机工业有限责任公司 | Box -like spare boring grab |
| CN206153945U (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-05-10 | 西安北方光电科技防务有限公司 | A clamping device for slide wedge multistation |
| CN109128917A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-01-04 | 郑州亨睿精密机械科技有限公司 | It is a kind of can automatic adjusument aluminum products fixture for processing |
| CN113001212A (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2021-06-22 | 扬力集团股份有限公司 | Self-positioning clamping device for machining inclined plane of machine tool guide rail |
| CN113369931A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-09-10 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Anti-loosening clamping tool for aviation structural part and using method thereof |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
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Application publication date: 20220322 |