CN114210301A - Mesoporous solid amine adsorbent and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Mesoporous solid amine adsorbent and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical group [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical group CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NHLUVTZJQOJKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylhexadecan-1-amine Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C NHLUVTZJQOJKCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CWGFSQJQIHRAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol tetrahydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.Cl.Cl.OCC(N)(CO)CO CWGFSQJQIHRAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000006012 detection of carbon dioxide Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 alcohol amine Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNMOWKHAHQJUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-[3-(tert-butylamino)propyl]-8-(2-iodo-5-methoxyphenyl)sulfanylpurin-6-amine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(I)C(SC=2N(C3=NC=NC(N)=C3N=2)CCCNC(C)(C)C)=C1 VNMOWKHAHQJUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Superoxide Chemical compound [O-][O] OUUQCZGPVNCOIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000003443 Unconsciousness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005576 amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium formate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]C=O VZTDIZULWFCMLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013335 mesoporous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- B01J20/261—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon to carbon unsaturated bonds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28057—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area
- B01J20/28064—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area being in the range 500-1000 m2/g
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3214—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the method for obtaining this coating or impregnating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
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- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mesoporous solid amine adsorbent and a preparation method and application thereof. The mesoporous solid amine adsorbent is composed of a porous carrier and an amino active component, wherein the porous carrier is a porous molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41), and the amino active component is Polyethyleneimine (PEI). The preparation method of the solid amine adsorbent comprises (1) adding the expanded pore molecular sieve into ethanol, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain uniformly dispersed expanded pore molecular sieve; (2) adding Polyethyleneimine (PEI) into ethanol, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a uniformly dispersed PEI solution; (3) and (3) mixing the expanded pore molecular sieve obtained in the step (1) with the PEI solution obtained in the step (2), performing ultrasonic treatment, and removing the solvent through evaporation to obtain the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent. Can be used for detection of carbon dioxide adsorbent. The mesoporous solid amine adsorbent provided by the invention has good carbon dioxide adsorption capacity and regeneration stability, and the preparation method is simple in process, strong in universality and wide in applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nano materials, relates to a mesoporous solid amine adsorbent, and a preparation method and application thereof, and particularly relates to a solid amine adsorbent based on a mesoporous molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41), and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The harm of carbon dioxide mainly comprises the following two aspects: the first is that the air is harmful to human bodies, and when the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air is too high, people are unconscious, stop breathing and even die. Secondly, the carbon dioxide has the heat preservation effect, so that the surface temperature of the earth is gradually increased, the global greenhouse effect is intensified, and extreme weather such as typhoon, rainstorm and the like can occur.
In recent years, technologies for removing carbon dioxide from enclosed spaces (submarines and spacecraft) and flue gases have attracted extensive attention and research by researchers. The commonly used methods for removing carbon dioxide mainly include a metal compound absorption method, an alcohol amine solution absorption method, a molecular sieve absorption method and a solid amine absorption method. The metal compound absorption method is applied to short-term manned spacecrafts as early as 90 years in the 20 th century, is the earliest carbon dioxide removal technology for closed spaces, and the relatively mature technology mainly comprises a lithium hydroxide absorption method and a superoxide absorption method, but the materials cannot be regenerated by the method and are only suitable for removing carbon dioxide in short-term closed spaces. The alcohol amine solution absorption method belongs to a chemical absorption method, and utilizes a chemical reaction between an amino functional group and carbon dioxide. The common absorbent comprises monoethanolamine and diethanolamine, ammonia formate is generated after the reaction with carbon dioxide, and carbon dioxide can be released when the temperature is heated to 110 ℃, so that the regeneration and the use of the absorbent are realized. However, the adsorbent has certain toxicity, and is easy to volatilize and leak, so that secondary harm is caused. The molecular sieve absorption method is also a carbon dioxide removal technology adopted in the current international space station, and is greatly influenced by water vapor, the molecular sieve has strong hydrophilicity, and fails after moisture absorption, so that a drying bed needs to be added in front of an adsorption bed, and the weight and the power consumption of a removal system are larger due to the technology. In order to overcome the defects, solid amine adsorbents are produced, amino active components are introduced to a porous carrier by means of grafting, dipping and the like, and the preparation method mainly comprises two methods. The first method is grafting method, that is, grafting amino modifier onto the surface of porous carrier through chemical reaction, and the amino functional group is connected with the carrier through chemical bond, so that the heat stability is good, but the grafting amount of amino is limited, and the adsorption capacity is limited. The other is an impregnation method, namely, a method of dispersing the porous carrier in an amine solution, stirring and evaporating to remove the solvent, and finally leaving the amino active component on the surface of the porous material or in the pore channel. The adsorbent prepared by the impregnation method has a large number of amino groups on the surface and high adsorption capacity for carbon dioxide. However, the impregnation method has some problems, one is that the distribution of the amino active components impregnated into the porous material is not uniform, and the organic amine may have agglomeration, so that the effective amino utilization rate is not high; secondly, part of the pore channels of the porous carrier can be blocked by organic amine, so that the mass transfer of carbon dioxide is limited. Thirdly, the organic amine is adsorbed on the surface of the porous carrier through intermolecular force, the stability is not high, and the adsorption performance may be gradually reduced along with the increase of the regeneration times.
Common solid amine carriers mainly include polymethyl methacrylate, molecular sieves, activated carbon, and the like. And the porous material represented by the molecular sieve is the most common solid amine carrier due to the high specific surface area, rich pore channel structure and good heat conductivity.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, provide a mesoporous solid amine adsorbent with good carbon dioxide adsorption capacity, provide a controllable preparation method of the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent with simple process, strong universality and wide applicability, and correspondingly provide the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent as a catalystIs CO2Practical application of the adsorbent.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent is composed of a porous carrier and an amino active component, wherein the porous carrier is a expanded pore molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41), the amino active component is Polyethyleneimine (PEI), and the surface and the inside of a pore channel of the expanded pore molecular sieve are combined with the amino active component through an ultrasonic impregnation method.
In the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent, preferably, the adsorption capacity of the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent is 83.9mg/g to 96.3 mg/g; and/or the particle size of the expanded pore molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41) is 95nm to 106nm, and the specific surface area is 718.73m2/g~760.28m2G, pore volume of 1.1cm3/g~1.2cm3(ii)/g, the average pore diameter is 1.899 nm-3.844 nm. The amino active component is polyethyleneimine, the mass fraction of the polyethyleneimine is 600g/mol, and the mass fraction of the Polyethyleneimine (PEI) in the prepared solid amine adsorbent is 30-50% (represented by x).
As a general inventive concept, the present application also provides a method for preparing a mesoporous solid amine adsorbent, comprising the steps of:
(1) adding a porous molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41) into a certain amount of solvent, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain the porous molecular sieve uniformly dispersed in the solvent;
(2) adding Polyethyleneimine (PEI) into a certain amount of solvent, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a PEI solution uniformly dispersed in the solvent;
(3) and (3) mixing the expanded pore molecular sieve obtained in the step (1) with the PEI solution obtained in the step (2), performing ultrasonic treatment, and removing the solvent through evaporation to obtain the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent.
In the above method for preparing a mesoporous solid amine adsorbent, preferably, in the step (1), the solvent is absolute ethyl alcohol; and/or the ratio of the expanded pore molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41) to the solvent is 40 mg-100 mg: 4 mL-10 mL; and/or the time of ultrasonic treatment is 5 min-10 min.
In the above method for preparing a mesoporous solid amine adsorbent, preferably, in the step (1), the method for preparing the mesoporous molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41) includes the following steps:
(1.1) adding a template agent into a Tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane-hydrochloric acid (Tris-HCl) buffer solution to completely dissolve the template agent; under the condition of magnetic stirring, adding a pore-expanding agent to uniformly disperse the pore-expanding agent;
(1.2) transferring the solution into an oil bath heated to a specified temperature, and keeping the temperature for a period of time under the condition of magnetic stirring;
(1.3) dropwise adding a certain amount of silicon source into the solution obtained in the step (1.2), and then keeping the temperature for a period of time;
(1.4) taking the product obtained in the step (1.3) out of the oil bath, cooling, and then carrying out centrifugal cleaning by using ultrapure water and absolute ethyl alcohol in sequence;
(1.5) placing the semi-finished product obtained in the step (1.4) in a muffle furnace, slowly heating to a specified temperature at a certain heating rate, and roasting for a period of time to obtain a porous molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41);
in the above method for preparing a expanded pore molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41), preferably, in the step (1.1), the template is cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB); the Tris-HCl buffer solution is an alkali source, the concentration is 0.05M, and the pH value is 8.2; the pore-expanding agent is N, N-dimethyl hexadecylamine (DMHA); the ratio of the template agent to the pore-expanding agent to the Tris-HCl buffer solution is 0.3g to 0.275mL to 50 mL;
and/or, in the step (1.2), the specified temperature of the oil bath is 50-60 ℃; the magnetic stirring rotating speed is 300-700 rpm; the heat preservation time is 1-2 h;
and/or, in the step (1.3), the silicon source is Tetraethoxysilane (TEOS); the addition amount of the silicon source is 2.0 mL-2.5 mL; the heat preservation time is 16-24 h;
and/or in the step (1.4), the centrifugal cleaning frequency of the ultrapure water is 2 times, and the centrifugal rotating speed is 9500 rpm-10500 rpm; the centrifugal cleaning frequency of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 2 times, and the centrifugal rotating speed is 8000 rpm-9000 rpm;
and/or, in the step (1.5), the temperature rise rate is 2 ℃/min; the specified roasting temperature is 500-550 ℃, and the roasting time is 5-6 h.
In the above method for preparing a mesoporous solid amine adsorbent, preferably, in the step (2), the solvent is absolute ethyl alcohol; and/or the ratio of the Polyethyleneimine (PEI) to the solvent is 20-60 mg: 2-6 mL; and/or the time of ultrasonic treatment is 5 min-10 min.
In the preparation method of the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent, preferably, in the step (3), the ultrasonic reaction time is 80min to 100 min; the evaporation temperature is 70-90 ℃; the evaporation time is 8-12 h.
As a general inventive concept, the present application further provides an application of the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent or the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent prepared by the preparation method in a carbon dioxide adsorbent.
In the application of the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent of the present invention, more preferably, the application includes an application of the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent in adsorbing carbon dioxide, and the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent can be chemically bonded with carbon dioxide, including the following steps:
adding the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent into a thermogravimetric analyzer sample pool, heating to a specified temperature at a certain heating rate under the protection of nitrogen, activating the material and removing carbon dioxide and moisture adsorbed in the material; then cooling to a specified temperature, introducing pure carbon dioxide gas, and adsorbing; then switching to a pure nitrogen condition for desorption; the adsorption-desorption test procedure was repeated to test the adsorption-desorption cycle characteristics of the adsorbent.
The invention provides a novel mesoporous solid amine adsorbent for further improving the adsorption capacity and the regeneration stability of a carbon dioxide adsorbent, which takes a porous molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41) as a porous carrier and takes Polyethyleneimine (PEI) as an amino active component.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent provided by the invention takes a mesoporous molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41) as a porous carrier and takes Polyethyleneimine (PEI) as an amino active component, and has good carbon dioxide adsorption capacity and regeneration stability. The adsorption capacity is mainly ensured by a porous carrier with large specific surface area, large pore volume and large average pore diameter, and the regeneration stability is mainly ensured by the uniformity of the porous carrier and the uniformity of the amino active component impregnation.
(2) The invention uses a Tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane-hydrochloric acid (Tris-HCl) buffer solution method to realize the controllable preparation of the expanded pore molecular sieve, and the prepared material is spherical, uniform in particle size, large in specific surface area, large in pore volume and large in average pore size. The controllable preparation of the expanded pore molecular sieve provides important guarantee for the subsequent amination modification and the stability of the carbon dioxide adsorption performance. The stability of the material can be remarkably improved.
(3) The preparation method of the expanded pore molecular sieve has strong universality and wide adaptability. According to the requirements, the controllable preparation of the mesoporous material with adjustable particle size, specific surface area, pore volume and average pore diameter can be realized by controlling the parameters of the buffer solution such as pH value, reaction temperature, the addition of a silicon source, the addition of a pore-expanding agent and the like. In addition, the prepared porous carrier has certain application prospects in the fields of heavy metal ion removal, catalyst carriers, biochemical detection and the like.
(4) According to the invention, PEI impregnation of the expanded pore molecular sieve is realized by an ultrasonic auxiliary method, a mesoporous solid amine adsorbent with uniformly distributed amino active components is constructed, and the adsorption capacity and the regeneration stability of the material are effectively improved.
In summary, the present application realizes the controllable preparation of a novel mesoporous solid amine adsorbent by an ultrasonic impregnation method, the reaction is simple, the operation is convenient, and the prepared mesoporous solid amine adsorbent has good carbon dioxide adsorption capacity and regeneration stability. In addition, the invention uses a Tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane-hydrochloric acid (Tris-HCl) buffer solution method to realize the controllable preparation of the expanded pore molecular sieve, and the prepared material is spherical, uniform in particle size, large in specific surface area, large in pore volume and large in average pore diameter. Has good application prospect in the fields of solid amine adsorbent preparation, heavy metal ion removal, catalyst carriers, biochemical detection and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a preparation method of the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a transmission electron diagram of a expanded pore molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41) prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a drawing showing nitrogen adsorption of a expanded pore molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41) according to example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the pore size distribution of the expanded pore molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41) according to example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an adsorption-desorption curve of 30% PEI mesoporous solid amine prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an adsorption-desorption curve of 40% PEI mesoporous solid amine prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an adsorption-desorption curve of 50% PEI mesoporous solid amine prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the cyclic adsorption-desorption curves of 50% PEI mesoporous solid amine prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific preferred embodiments of the description, without thereby limiting the scope of protection of the invention.
The materials and equipment used in the following examples are commercially available.
Example 1:
the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent consists of a porous carrier and an amino active component. The expanded pore molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41) is a porous carrier, and the Polyethyleneimine (PEI) is an amino active component. The surface of the expanded pore molecular sieve and the inside of the pore canal are combined with the amino active component by an ultrasonic impregnation method.
In this example, the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent was adsorbedThe adsorption capacity is about 96.3mg/g, the porous carrier is a porous molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41), the average particle size is 106nm, and the specific surface area is 718.73m2G, pore volume of 1.12cm3(ii)/g, average pore diameter was 3.844 nm.
A preparation method of the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent according to the embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and includes the following steps:
(1) preparation of a expanded pore molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41)
0.3g of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was dissolved by magnetic stirring into 50mL of Tris-HCl buffer solution (0.05M, PH 8.2); adding 0.275ml LN, N-dimethyl-hexadecylamine (DMHA), and dispersing the mixture evenly under the condition of magnetic stirring; transferring the solution into an oil bath at 55 ℃, and preserving heat for 1h under the condition of magnetic stirring (650 rpm); under the condition of magnetic stirring (650rpm), 2.3mL of Tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) is added dropwise, and then heat preservation is carried out for 16 hours; taking out the obtained product from the oil bath, cooling to room temperature, washing with ultrapure water for 2 times, and then washing with absolute ethyl alcohol for 2 times; and placing the obtained semi-finished product in a muffle furnace, setting the heating rate to be 2 ℃/min, heating to 550 ℃, roasting for 5h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the expanded pore molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41) with the particle size of about 106nm for later use.
In the step, a porous molecular sieve with regular appearance and uniform particle size, which is prepared by a Tris-HCl buffer system synthesis method, is used as a porous carrier of the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent. In the preparation process, Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) is used as a template, and Tris-HCl buffer solution serves as both a solvent and a base source. N, N-Dimethylhexadecylamine (DMHA) was used as a pore-expanding agent, and Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) was used as a silicon source.
(2) Modification of expanded pore molecular sieves with PEI
Adding 50mg of a expanded pore molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41) into 4mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10min to obtain the expanded pore molecular sieve uniformly dispersed in the ethyl alcohol; adding a certain amount of Polyethyleneimine (PEI) into 4mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10min to obtain a PEI solution uniformly dispersed in the ethyl alcohol; mixing the expanded pore molecular sieve with a PEI solution, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1.5 h; the sample was transferred to an oven at 80 ℃ to dry overnight before use. According to different mass fractions of Polyethyleneimine (PEI) in the prepared solid amine adsorbent, the solid amine adsorbent is respectively named as 30% PEI/PE-MCM-41, 40% PEI/PE-MCM-41 and 50% PEI/PE-MCM-41.
FIG. 2 is a transmission electron diagram of the expanded pore molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41) prepared in step (1) of this example. As can be seen from the figure, the obtained molecular sieve is spherical, uniform in particle size, good in monodispersity and obvious in mesoporous structure;
FIG. 3 is a drawing showing the nitrogen adsorption of the expanded pore molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41) obtained in step (1) of this example. The specific surface area and the pore volume are calculated by adopting a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method, and the specific surface area of the prepared porous molecular sieve is 718.73m2G, pore volume of 1.12cm3/g。
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the pore size distribution of the expanded pore molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41) obtained in step (1) of this example. The pore size distribution was calculated from the desorption curve according to the Barret-Joyner-Halend (BJH) model. The average pore diameter of the prepared expanded pore molecular sieve is about 3.844 nm.
An application of the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent of the embodiment as a carbon dioxide adsorbent includes the following steps:
(1) the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent prepared in the embodiment is placed in a thermogravimetric analyzer sample cell, the temperature is raised to 100 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min under the protection of nitrogen, the temperature is maintained for 30min, the material is activated, and carbon dioxide and moisture adsorbed in the material are removed.
(2) Cooling to 75 deg.C, introducing pure carbon dioxide gas, and adsorbing. After the adsorption is saturated, the desorption is carried out by switching to the pure nitrogen condition.
Fig. 5 to 7 are adsorption-desorption curves of 30% PEI mesoporous solid amine, 40% PEI mesoporous solid amine, and 50% PEI mesoporous solid amine, respectively, prepared in example 1 of the present invention. As can be seen, the carbon dioxide adsorption capacity of the 30% PEI modified solid amine material is 8.39%, the carbon dioxide adsorption capacity of the 40% PEI modified solid amine material is 9.06%, and the carbon dioxide adsorption capacity of the 50% PEI modified solid amine material is 9.63%.
Fig. 8 is a carbon dioxide adsorption-desorption cycle characteristic curve of the 50% PEI modified mesoporous solid amine material prepared in example 1 of the present invention. After 3 adsorption-desorption cycles, the carbon dioxide adsorption capacity of the solid amine material is reduced by only 0.6%, and the cycle characteristics are good.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. All technical schemes belonging to the idea of the invention belong to the protection scope of the invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and such modifications and embellishments should also be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A mesoporous solid amine adsorbent, which is characterized by comprising a porous carrier and an amino active component, wherein the porous carrier is a expanded pore molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41), and the amino active component is Polyethyleneimine (PEI); the surface of the porous carrier and the inside of the mesoporous pore passage are combined with polyethyleneimine by an ultrasonic impregnation method.
2. The mesoporous solid amine adsorbent of claim 1, wherein the adsorption capacity of the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent is 83.9mg/g to 96.3 mg/g; and/or the particle size of the expanded pore molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41) is 95nm to 106nm, and the specific surface area is 718.73m2/g~760.28m2G, pore volume of 1.1cm3/g~1.2cm3(ii)/g, the average pore diameter is 1.899 nm-3.844 nm;
the amino active component is polyethyleneimine, the mass fraction of the polyethyleneimine is 600g/mol, and the mass fraction of the Polyethyleneimine (PEI) in the prepared solid amine adsorbent is 30-50%.
3. A preparation method of a mesoporous solid amine adsorbent comprises the following steps:
(1) adding a porous molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41) into a certain amount of solvent, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain the porous molecular sieve uniformly dispersed in the solvent;
(2) adding Polyethyleneimine (PEI) into a certain amount of solvent, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a PEI solution uniformly dispersed in the solvent;
(3) and (3) mixing the expanded pore molecular sieve obtained in the step (1) with the PEI solution obtained in the step (2), performing ultrasonic treatment, and removing the solvent through evaporation to obtain the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent.
4. The method for preparing the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent according to claim 3, wherein in the step (1), the solvent is absolute ethyl alcohol; and/or the ratio of the expanded pore molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41) to the solvent is 40 mg-100 mg: 4 mL-10 mL; and/or the time of ultrasonic treatment is 5 min-10 min.
5. The method for preparing the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent according to claim 3, wherein in the step (1), the method for preparing the mesoporous molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41) comprises the following steps:
(1.1) adding a template agent into a Tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane-hydrochloric acid (Tris-HCl) buffer solution to completely dissolve the template agent; under the condition of magnetic stirring, adding a pore-expanding agent to uniformly disperse the pore-expanding agent;
(1.2) transferring the solution into an oil bath heated to a specified temperature, and keeping the temperature for a period of time under the condition of magnetic stirring;
(1.3) dropwise adding a certain amount of silicon source into the solution obtained in the step (1.2), and then keeping the temperature for a period of time;
(1.4) taking the product obtained in the step (1.3) out of the oil bath, cooling, and then carrying out centrifugal cleaning by using ultrapure water and absolute ethyl alcohol in sequence;
and (1.5) placing the semi-finished product obtained in the step (1.4) in a muffle furnace, slowly heating to a specified temperature at a certain heating rate, and roasting for a period of time to obtain the expanded pore molecular sieve (PE-MCM-41).
6. The method for preparing the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent according to claim 5, wherein in the step (1.1), the template is Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB); the Tris-HCl buffer solution is an alkali source, the concentration is 0.05M, and the pH value is 8.2; the pore-expanding agent is N, N-dimethyl hexadecylamine (DMHA); the ratio of the template agent to the pore-expanding agent to the Tris-HCl buffer solution is 0.3g to 0.275mL to 50 mL;
and/or, in the step (1.2), the specified temperature of the oil bath is 50-60 ℃; the magnetic stirring rotating speed is 300-700 rpm; the heat preservation time is 1-2 h;
and/or, in the step (1.3), the silicon source is Tetraethoxysilane (TEOS); the addition amount of the silicon source is 2.0 mL-2.5 mL; the heat preservation time is 16-24 h;
and/or in the step (1.4), the centrifugal cleaning frequency of the ultrapure water is 2 times, and the centrifugal rotating speed is 9500 rpm-10500 rpm; the centrifugal cleaning frequency of the absolute ethyl alcohol is 2 times, and the centrifugal rotating speed is 8000 rpm-9000 rpm;
and/or, in the step (1.5), the temperature rise rate is 2 ℃/min; the specified roasting temperature is 500-550 ℃, and the roasting time is 5-6 h.
7. The method for preparing the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent according to claim 3, wherein in the step (2), the solvent is absolute ethyl alcohol; and/or the ratio of the Polyethyleneimine (PEI) to the solvent is 20-60 mg: 2-6 mL; and/or the time of ultrasonic treatment is 5 min-10 min.
8. The method for preparing the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent according to claim 3, wherein in the step (3), the time of the ultrasonic reaction is 80min to 100 min; the evaporation temperature is 70-90 ℃; the evaporation time is 8-12 h.
9. Use of the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent according to claim 1 or the mesoporous solid amine adsorbent prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 2 to 8 as a carbon dioxide adsorbent.
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