CN114203003B - Multifunctional simulation test device for ship - Google Patents
Multifunctional simulation test device for ship Download PDFInfo
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- CN114203003B CN114203003B CN202111394852.XA CN202111394852A CN114203003B CN 114203003 B CN114203003 B CN 114203003B CN 202111394852 A CN202111394852 A CN 202111394852A CN 114203003 B CN114203003 B CN 114203003B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ship detection, and discloses a multifunctional ship simulation test device, which comprises: one end of the hull model section is fixed on the external fixing device, and the other end of the hull model section is used for applying vertical force; the ship body model section comprises a ship body deck, a ship body and a ship shaft, wherein an outboard bearing, a stern shaft tube and an inboard bearing for supporting the ship shaft are sequentially arranged in the ship body, pressure measuring modules are arranged on the inner surfaces of the outboard bearing, the stern shaft tube and the inboard bearing, displacement meters are arranged on the outer surfaces of the outboard bearing, the stern shaft tube, the inboard bearing and the ship shaft, and the displacement meters are used for detecting the displacement changes of the outboard bearing, the stern shaft tube, the inboard bearing and the ship shaft; the ship deck is provided with a plurality of platforms, each platform is provided with at least one camera, and the cameras are used for collecting the position change of the platform. The ship center arch center-hanging deformation test device can simultaneously realize the tests of various ship body performances such as center-hanging deformation of a ship center arch, internal pressure and position change of a bearing, position change of a platform and the like, and is wide in application range and strong in universality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ship detection, and particularly relates to a multifunctional ship simulation test device.
Background
The ship shafting support bearing is an important component part of a ship propulsion system, and the ship shafting penetrates through the tail of a ship body to provide thrust for ship navigation. In recent years, as ships continue to be increased in size and power, the rigidity of the hulls of the ships has been relatively reduced. As the ship works in a complex wave environment, once the ship is launched, the ship body can generate nonlinear large deformation with strong randomness under the influence of a series of factors such as temperature, stormy waves, water flow, water depth ship body structure, materials and the like, the ship body deformation is inconsistent with the deformation rule of a shafting, so that abnormal abrasion phenomenon and resonance phenomenon of the bearing can be brought, and potential safety hazards of a system are caused, therefore, the change of the internal distribution pressure of the bearing needs to be measured, the relative pose change of each bearing during the ship body deformation is measured, the rule is summarized, and meanwhile, the method for searching the part area of the ship body to strengthen the internal pressure distribution of the bearing has important significance for strengthening part in future ship construction so as to optimize the internal pressure of the bearing and avoid the abnormal abrasion of the bearing. Meanwhile, when the ship operates on the sea, due to the influence of a series of factors such as deformation of the ship body, the relative positions of different platforms of the ship body can be changed, the accuracy of high-precision optical measurement equipment on the ship platform can be influenced, and the same target can be observed by multiple platforms. Therefore, the acquisition of the relative rule of the deformation of the ship body and the deformation of the ship body platform is of great significance for timely forecasting and adjusting the measurement parameters of the optical measuring instrument on the platform.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement demands of the prior art, the invention provides a multifunctional ship simulation test device which can simultaneously realize tests of various ship performances such as sagging deformation in a ship arch, internal pressure and position change of a bearing, position change of a platform and the like, and has wide application range and strong universality.
To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multifunctional simulation test apparatus for a ship, the apparatus comprising: the ship body model section, one end of the ship body model section is fixed on an external fixing device, and the other end of the ship body model section is used for applying vertical force; the ship body model section comprises a ship body deck, a ship body and a ship shaft, wherein an outboard bearing, a stern shaft tube and an inboard bearing for supporting the ship shaft are sequentially arranged in the ship body, pressure measuring modules are arranged on the inner surfaces of the outboard bearing, the stern shaft tube and the inboard bearing, displacement meters are arranged on the outer surfaces of the outboard bearing, the stern shaft tube, the inboard bearing and the ship shaft, and the displacement meters are used for detecting displacement changes of the outboard bearing, the stern shaft tube, the inboard bearing and the ship shaft; the ship body deck is provided with a plurality of platforms, each platform is used for bearing external equipment, each platform corresponds to at least one camera, and the cameras are used for collecting position changes of the platform.
Preferably, the deck surface of the ship body is further provided with a rigidity reinforcing base, and the rigidity reinforcing base is provided with a detachable connecting piece for connecting reinforcing structures with different rigidities.
Preferably, the hull surface is provided with a plurality of strain measurement modules.
Preferably, the apparatus further comprises hydraulic loading means for applying the vertical force to the hull model section.
Preferably, the device further comprises a loading section connected to an end of the hull model section, the hydraulic loading device effecting loading of the hull model section force by applying a vertical force to the loading section.
Preferably, the loading section is connected to one end of the hull model section by a flange.
Preferably, the outboard bearing, stern tube and inboard bearing are detachably connected to the hull.
Preferably, the device further comprises a restraint section connected with the other end of the hull model section through a flange, and the hull model section is fixedly connected with an external fixing device through the restraint section.
In general, compared with the prior art, the multifunctional ship simulation test device provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the method, the pressure measurement module is arranged inside the bearing, the displacement meter is arranged on the surface of the bearing, the detection of the deformation of the bearing in the sagging state of the middle arch can be realized through the position detection of the platform, the research of the deformation relation between the bearing pose change and the ship body is conveniently realized, the unified calibration of multiple platforms can be realized through the detection of the pose change on the platform, and the unified monitoring of the multiple platforms to the same target is convenient.
2. The surface of the deck of the ship body is provided with the rigidity reinforcing base, the rigidity reinforcing base is detachably connected with the reinforcing structure, and the influence of different rigidity reinforcing structures on the deformation of the ship body, shafting and the like can be conveniently studied.
3. The hull surface is equipped with a plurality of strain measurement modules and is convenient for research loading force's influence to hull deformation.
4. The outboard bearing, the stern shaft tube and the inboard bearing are detachably connected, so that the research on different ship shafts and bearings can be conveniently realized by replacing the ship shafts, the universality is wide, and the ship has remarkable industrial application value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multifunctional simulation test apparatus for a ship;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the outboard bearing, stern shaft tube, and inboard bearing internals;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a stiffness reinforced base and reinforcing structure;
fig. 4 is a front view of the inboard structure of the outboard bearing, stern tube, and inboard bearing of the embodiment of the present application.
The same reference numbers are used throughout the drawings to reference like elements or structures, wherein:
1-loading a section; 2-a hydraulic loading device; 3-lifting the lifting lug; 4, 10-flanges; 5-outboard bearings; 6-an external pressure measurement module; 7-a displacement meter; 8-stern tube; 9-inboard bearings; 11-constraint segments; 12-hull model segments; 13-a pressure measurement module; 14-a strain measurement module; 15-a platform; 16-a stiffening base; 17-reinforcing structure; 18-boat axles; 19-sialon.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a multifunctional simulation test device for a ship, which comprises a ship model section 12, a loading section 1 and a restraining section 11.
A hull model section 12, one end of the hull model section 12 being fixed to an external fixing device, the other end of the hull model section 12 being for applying a vertical force;
the hull model section 12 comprises a hull deck, a hull and a hull shaft 18, an outboard bearing 5, a stern shaft tube 8 and an inboard bearing 9 for supporting the hull shaft are sequentially arranged in the hull, a pressure measuring module 13 (shown in fig. 2) is arranged on the inner surfaces of the outboard bearing 5, the stern shaft tube 8 and the inboard bearing 9, a displacement meter 7 is arranged on the outer surface and the hull shaft surface, and the displacement meter 7 is used for detecting displacement changes of the outboard bearing, the stern shaft tube, the inboard bearing and the hull shaft; the ship deck is provided with a plurality of platforms 15, each platform 15 is used for bearing external equipment, each platform 15 corresponds to at least one camera, and the cameras are used for collecting position changes of the platforms. The outboard bearing 5, the stern shaft tube 8 and the inboard bearing 9 are preferably a sialon bearing, the inside of which is provided with a sialon 19 (shown in fig. 4), the sialon 19 is a heat expansion and cold contraction article, the sialon 19 is firstly soaked in liquid nitrogen when being installed, and after the liquid nitrogen is sufficiently cooled, the sialon bearing is taken out and put into the bearing, and then the shaft 18 is installed.
The pressure measurement module 13 can be a pressure strain gauge, can measure the stress of the point where the strain gauge is located, can obtain the pressure distribution inside the bearing by arranging a plurality of strain gauges and measuring the stress conditions of different strain gauge areas, and can obtain the change rule of the pressure distribution inside the bearing by continuous measurement under different deformation conditions. The internal pressure of the bearing is the surface force, the surface force is expressed through concentrated forces in different areas in a discrete mode, so that the purpose of measuring the internal pressure distribution of the bearing is achieved, the arrangement mode of the strain gauge is that the distance between the strain gauge wires is the wiring distance of the strain gauge wires along the axial direction and the circumferential direction, the strain gauge is distributed on the lower bearing bush surface of the whole bearing, and the shaft penetrating process is carried out firstly, and then the strain gauge is installed.
The platform 15 is generally connected to the deck of the hull by bolts, and the platform 15 itself is rigid and can be considered as a rigid body during deformation of the hull. The platform 15 is generally used for arranging measurement targets, and when the test platform is deformed, the measurement is performed through the cameras arranged above the platform, and all the cameras are fixed through the external support, so that the position of the cameras is ensured not to change.
The outboard bearing 5 is measured by a displacement meter below, the stern shaft tube 8 is measured by a displacement meter 7 outside and extending into the model, and the inboard bearing 9 is measured by a displacement meter extending into the model. All displacement meters 7 are fixed by using an external bracket, so that the positions of the displacement meters 7 are not changed.
The outboard bearing 5, the stern tube 8 and the inboard bearing 9 are also provided with an external pressure measurement module 6 at their connection to the hull for measuring the pressure at the outboard bearing, stern tube and inboard bearing.
The deck surface of the ship body is also provided with a rigidity reinforcing base 16, and the rigidity reinforcing base 16 is provided with a detachable connecting piece for connecting reinforcing structures 17 with different rigidities, as shown in fig. 3. The rigidity-enhanced base 16 is arranged along the ship length direction, is welded on the deck of the ship body and is connected with the strong ribs in the ship body model section 12, so that structural stress can be effectively transmitted, and the purpose of changing structural rigidity is achieved by increasing the section modulus of the reinforced structure. When it is desired to change the stiffness of the hull, a reinforcing structure 17 is mounted on the base. The reinforcing structure is preferably a custom-made I-shaped section steel, and different types of reinforcing structures correspond to different rigidities.
The ship deck is also provided with a lifting lug 3 for loading.
The hull surface is provided with a plurality of strain gauge modules 14. The strain measurement module 14 is preferably a strain gauge, and is connected to a strain box for collection through the strain gauge arranged on the surface of the ship model section, and finally is input to a computer for unified processing to obtain the stress strain of the ship model section 12. The profile of the variable section of the hull model section 12 is a stress concentration area, the whole profile needs to be detected, and the distribution of the measuring points should be uniformly arranged on the profile with the profile modulus change. The restraint section and load section toggle plates should also be provided with strain measurement modules 14 for stress concentration areas.
The outboard bearing 5, stern shaft tube 8 and inboard bearing 9 are detachably connected with the hull. The measuring test of different ship shafts can be realized.
The device further comprises a hydraulic loading device 2, said hydraulic loading device 2 being adapted to apply said vertical force to said hull model section.
The loading section 1 is connected to the end of the hull model section, and the hydraulic loading device 2 realizes the loading of the hull model section 12 by applying a vertical force to the loading section. The loading section 1 is connected to one end of the hull model section 12 by a flange. The loading section is provided with hydraulic loading devices which are arranged on the upper, lower, left and right sides, special openings are arranged above the loading section and are convenient to be connected with the flange 4, the hydraulic loading devices are positioned on the upper, lower, left and right stress surfaces of the loading end, the hydraulic cylinders apply concentrated force on the stress surfaces to provide external load of the test device, and the test device deforms upwards, downwards or leftwards and rightwards under the action of the external load so as to achieve the purpose of deformation of the flexible line of the cantilever beam.
The restraint section 11 is connected with the other end of the hull model section 12 through a flange 10, and the hull model section 12 is fixedly connected with an external fixing device through the restraint section 11 and is used for providing a rigid and fixed supporting condition.
When the test is carried out, the restraint section, the ship model section and the loading section are firstly installed and mounted on the bearing wall, then the siron bearing is installed, the shaft is penetrated, and finally the bearing external pressure measuring module, the displacement measuring module, the bearing internal pressure measuring module, the strain measuring module and the platform are installed, and then the hydraulic cylinder is installed on the reinforcing structure. And opening a hydraulic cylinder control platform, and after the hydraulic cylinder is stable, starting to slowly pressurize, and measuring various parameters of the test bed. Because the external load applied by the hydraulic cylinder can be adjusted, the test of the thrust shafting bearing under various working conditions can be realized.
1. And safety detection is carried out before the test, the connection condition of the end face of the connecting flange is checked, and the tool is used for rotating the pumping bolt. And (3) performing spot check on the upper, lower, left and right connection positions of the end faces of the connecting flanges respectively by using a torque wrench, and determining the torque value to compare with the torque value during installation and recording.
2. The shaft path irradiates light, and the deviation between the center of each bearing and the optical axis is recorded as the initial position of each bearing. Under the condition of illumination, the strain gauge of the bearing support seat is stuck and fixed; connecting a strain gauge; the instrument is zeroed.
3. Under the condition of illumination, the head and tail displacement meter of the bearing is arranged on a special tool; a displacement meter of a corresponding part of the ship body connected with the bearing is installed; and (5) connecting a strain gauge and zeroing.
4. The luminaire is removed and the shaft is mounted.
5. After the shaft is mounted, the data of the connected displacement meters and strain gauges are recorded under the condition of no loading.
6. And installing a bearing internal contact specific pressure measuring sensor, and installing strain gauges of horizontal strain epsilon x and vertical strain epsilon y on the side and bottom of the ship body at the cross section of the ship body where the bearing is positioned.
7. And installing a stern loading hydraulic cylinder.
8. The hydraulic cylinder is loaded and repeated, and various parameters are measured during the loading and the repetition.
9. And (5) installing the rigidity reinforcing structure and repeating the hydraulic cylinder loading process.
10. And unloading and closing the hydraulic cylinder, removing all the equipment, and ending the test.
In summary, the application provides a multifunctional simulation test device for a ship, which can simultaneously realize tests on performances of various ships such as sagging deformation in a ship arch, internal pressure and pose change of a bearing, pose change of a platform and the like, and has wide application range and strong universality.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A multi-functional simulation test device for a ship, the device comprising:
the ship body model section, one end of the ship body model section is fixed on an external fixing device, and the other end of the ship body model section is used for applying vertical force;
the ship body model section comprises a ship body deck, a ship body and a ship shaft, wherein an outboard bearing, a stern shaft tube and an inboard bearing for supporting the ship shaft are sequentially arranged in the ship body, pressure measuring modules are arranged on the inner surfaces of the outboard bearing, the stern shaft tube and the inboard bearing, displacement meters are arranged on the outer surfaces of the outboard bearing, the stern shaft tube, the inboard bearing and the ship shaft, and the displacement meters are used for detecting displacement changes of the outboard bearing, the stern shaft tube, the inboard bearing and the ship shaft; the ship deck is provided with a plurality of platforms, each platform is used for bearing external equipment, each platform corresponds to at least one camera, and the cameras are used for collecting the position change of the platform; the deck surface of the ship body is also provided with a rigidity reinforcing base, and the rigidity reinforcing base is provided with a detachable connecting piece for connecting reinforcing structures with different rigidities;
the pressure measuring module is a pressure strain gauge, stress conditions of different strain gauge areas are measured by arranging a plurality of strain gauges, and then pressure distribution inside the bearing is obtained, and the arrangement mode of the strain gauges is along the axial direction and the circumferential direction.
2. The marine vessel multifunctional simulation test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the hull surface is provided with a plurality of strain measurement modules.
3. The marine vessel multi-functional simulation test apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a hydraulic loading device for applying the vertical force to the hull model section.
4. A multi-functional simulation test apparatus for a ship according to claim 3, further comprising a loading section connected to an end of the hull model section, wherein the hydraulic loading apparatus effects loading of the hull model section force by applying a vertical force to the loading section.
5. The multifunctional simulation test device for a ship according to claim 4, wherein the loading section is connected with one end of the hull model section through a flange.
6. The marine vessel multifunctional simulation test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the outboard bearing, the stern shaft tube, and the inboard bearing are detachably connected to the hull.
7. The marine vessel multifunctional simulation test apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a restraint section connected to the other end of the hull model section by a flange, the hull model section being fixedly connected to an external fixing device by the restraint section.
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| CN202111394852.XA CN114203003B (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 | Multifunctional simulation test device for ship |
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| CN202111394852.XA CN114203003B (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2021-11-23 | Multifunctional simulation test device for ship |
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| CN114203003B true CN114203003B (en) | 2023-04-21 |
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