CN114199729A - Method and system for measuring particle size distribution of atmospheric aerosol based on natural ion charge - Google Patents
Method and system for measuring particle size distribution of atmospheric aerosol based on natural ion charge Download PDFInfo
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- CN114199729A CN114199729A CN202111516075.1A CN202111516075A CN114199729A CN 114199729 A CN114199729 A CN 114199729A CN 202111516075 A CN202111516075 A CN 202111516075A CN 114199729 A CN114199729 A CN 114199729A
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000005427 atmospheric aerosol Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000037230 mobility Effects 0.000 description 36
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonyl sulfide Chemical compound O=C=S JJWKPURADFRFRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for measuring particle size distribution of atmospheric aerosol based on natural ion charge, belonging to the field of environmental monitoring. The measurement system comprises a differential electric mobility analyzer, a particle counter, a data acquisition processing module and the like; an aerosol inlet of the differential electric mobility analyzer is directly communicated with the ambient atmosphere with a large amount of natural ions, the atmospheric aerosol charged by the natural ions enters the differential electric mobility analyzer, natural positive ions and natural negative ions in the ambient atmosphere continuously collide with the atmospheric aerosol to adjust the charge distribution of the atmospheric aerosol, and a data acquisition and processing module controls positive voltage or negative voltage on the differential electric mobility analyzer; and continuously scanning, measuring the concentration of the negatively or positively charged atmospheric aerosol under different voltages by a particle counter, and obtaining the charge distribution of the atmospheric aerosol after being regulated by natural ions through data inversion. The measuring instrument does not use an artificial ion charger, so that the cost is reduced, and the popularization and the application are facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of environmental monitoring, and particularly relates to a method and a system for measuring particle size distribution of atmospheric aerosol based on natural ion charge.
Background
Atmospheric aerosols affect air quality, climate change and human health. Recognition of these effects requires measurement of the particle size distribution of the atmospheric aerosol, i.e., the distribution of atmospheric aerosol concentration with particle size. The atmospheric aerosol particle size distribution measuring system based on electric mobility mainly comprises a charging device, a differential electric mobility analyzer and a particle counter, wherein only the charged aerosol can be screened out by the differential electric mobility analyzer according to the electric mobility, and the concentration of the charged aerosol is measured by the particle counter. In the above measurement system, the probability that aerosols with different electrical mobilities are screened by the differential electrical mobility analyzer is called the transmission equation of the analyzer, the proportion of the detected aerosols to the aerosols actually entering the particle counter is called the detection efficiency of the particle counter, and the aerosols also have diffusion losses in various parts of the system. Therefore, the measured aerosol particle size distribution is not equivalent to the actual particle size distribution in the atmosphere, and data inversion is needed from the former to the latter.
The invention patent with the publication number of CN109187289B discloses a novel aerosol electric mobility particle size spectrum measuring method and system by alternately measuring positive and negative charged aerosols. The method comprises the steps of utilizing a measuring system consisting of a bipolar charger, a differential electric mobility analyzer, a sheath gas control system, a positive and negative high-voltage module, a particle counter and a data acquisition and processing module, generating artificial ions through the commonly used charger containing radioactive elements, soft X rays and corona discharge, colliding the artificial ions with aerosol, changing the charge distribution of the aerosol, then alternately measuring the obtained results of the multiple sets of positively charged and negatively charged aerosol, obtaining the electric mobility ratio of the positive and negative artificial ions through data analysis, and then calculating the atmospheric aerosol charge distribution charged by the artificial ions based on the ratio. The system still includes a charger for generating artificial ions. When ions collide with the aerosol and the charge distribution of the aerosol is changed, the aerosol is possible to be uncharged, carry one positive charge or one negative charge, and carry multiple positive charges or multiple negative charges; for aerosol with a certain particle size, the proportion information with different charge numbers can be called as the charge distribution of the aerosol, and is a necessary parameter in the inversion process of aerosol particle size distribution data. In the data inversion of the current measuring instrument, the charge distribution of the aerosol is always assumed to be fixed and unchanged after artificial ions are charged. However, in long-term atmospheric observation, the atmospheric aerosol charge distribution charged by artificial ions changes along with factors such as ion source aging, so that the actual charge distribution deviates from the fixed charge distribution used in the measuring instruments, and great uncertainty is brought to the aerosol particle size distribution finally inverted.
There are a large number of natural ions in the atmosphere, including positive and negative ions. They are mainly derived from the ionization of atmospheric gas molecules by cosmic rays, gamma rays emitted from soil and rocks, and the like, and222rn, etc. are generated by decay of radioactive elements. Therefore, the atmosphere itself is a natural charger, i.e. natural ions can charge the atmospheric aerosol. The method disclosed by the invention can obtain the atmospheric aerosol charge distribution regulated by natural ions, thereby realizing the measurement of the atmospheric aerosol particle size distribution directly based on the natural charge process and avoiding the use of a traditional artificial ion charger.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for measuring the particle size distribution of atmospheric aerosol based on natural ion charge, which are characterized in that the system for measuring the particle size distribution of the atmospheric aerosol based on natural ion charge comprises the following steps: the device comprises a differential electric mobility analyzer 1, a sheath gas control module 2, a positive and negative high-voltage power supply module 3, a particle counter 4 and a data acquisition processing module 5; the sheath gas control module 2 is connected with the differential electric mobility analyzer 1 through two pipelines to provide clean and circular sheath gas for the differential electric mobility analyzer 1; the positive and negative high-voltage power supply module 3 is connected with the aerosol inlet end of the differential electric mobility analyzer 1 through a high-voltage lead to alternately provide positive voltage and negative voltage for the differential electric mobility analyzer 1; the aerosol outlet of the differential electric mobility analyzer 1 is connected with the particle counter 4 through a pipeline, and the data acquisition and processing module 5 is connected with the sheath gas control module 2, the positive and negative high-voltage power supply module 3 and the particle counter 4 through data lines.
A method for measuring the particle size distribution of atmospheric aerosol based on natural ion charge is characterized by comprising the following steps:
And 3, measuring the particle size distribution of the aerosol charged by natural ions and charged by negative electricity and positive electricity, performing inversion calculation, and obtaining the particle size distribution of the atmospheric aerosol by using a linear data inversion method similar to that disclosed by Hagen and Alofs (1983) and simultaneously considering the charge distribution of the atmospheric aerosol, a transmission equation of a differential electric mobility analyzer, the counting efficiency of a particle counter and the diffusion loss of the aerosol in a system.
Particle size screening plant is placed to the anterior segment of difference electric mobility analysis appearance 1's aerosol entry, gets rid of big particulate matter, or installs the diffusion drying tube device additional, adjusts the relative humidity who admits air.
The data acquisition and processing module 5 acquires information including: collecting temperature, humidity, pressure and flow information of the sheath gas control module 2; collecting voltage information of the positive and negative high-voltage power supply module 3; and acquiring aerosol number concentration information of the particle counter 4, and performing data processing to obtain a measurement result of the particle size distribution of the atmospheric aerosol.
The sheath gas control module 2 provides clean circulating sheath gas with the flow of 3.5-15 liters/minute for the differential electric mobility analyzer 1 through two pipelines.
The positive and negative high-voltage power supply module 3 alternately provides positive voltage or negative voltage of 9kV, 7kV, 5kV, 3kV, 1kV and the like for the differential electric mobility analyzer 1 through a high-voltage lead; scanning for 5 min, and alternately sieving the negatively and positively charged atmospheric aerosol to obtain the maximum particle size of 13-750 nm.
The particle counter 4 controls the flow of the atmospheric aerosol in the whole system to take values within the range of 0.35-1.5 liters/minute, and counts the sieved atmospheric aerosol with single particle size.
The method has the advantages that the atmospheric aerosol charge distribution regulated by natural ions can be obtained, so that the measurement of the particle size distribution of the atmospheric aerosol is realized by directly utilizing the natural charge process, and the use of a traditional artificial ion charger is avoided; the composition of the system is simplified, the measurement cost is reduced, and the influence of the change of artificial ions caused by the decay of the ion source on the measurement result of the particle size distribution of the atmospheric aerosol in long-term measurement is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for measuring the particle size distribution of an atmospheric aerosol based on natural ion charging;
fig. 2 is a result of actual atmospheric observation performed by the method and the system for measuring the particle size distribution of the atmospheric aerosol based on natural ion charging.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method and a system for measuring particle size distribution of atmospheric aerosol based on natural ion charge, which are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The system for measuring the particle size distribution of the atmospheric aerosol based on natural ion charge shown in figure 1 comprises: the device comprises a differential electric mobility analyzer 1, a sheath gas control module 2, a positive and negative high-voltage power supply module 3, a particle counter 4 and a data acquisition processing module 5; the sheath gas control module 2 is connected with the differential electric mobility analyzer 1 through two pipelines to provide clean and circular sheath gas for the differential electric mobility analyzer 1; the positive and negative high-voltage power supply module 3 is connected with the aerosol inlet end of the differential electric mobility analyzer 1 through a high-voltage lead and alternately provides positive voltage and negative voltage in the range of-9 kV to +9kV for the differential electric mobility analyzer 1; the aerosol outlet of the differential electric mobility analyzer 1 is connected with the particle counter 4 through a pipeline, and the data acquisition and processing module 5 is connected with the sheath gas control module 2, the positive and negative high-voltage power supply module 3 and the particle counter 4 through data lines.
As shown in fig. 1, atmospheric aerosol charged by natural ions enters a differential electric mobility analyzer 1, a sheath gas control module 2 provides clean circulating sheath gas with a flow rate of 3.5 liters/minute to the differential electric mobility analyzer 1 through two pipelines, and a positive and negative high-voltage power supply module 3 alternately provides positive voltage or negative voltage of 9kV, 7kV, 5kV, 3kV, 1kV and the like to the differential electric mobility analyzer 1 through high-voltage wires; scanning for 5 min, alternately sieving the negatively and positively charged atmospheric aerosol, and measuring the particle size range to 13-750 nm. The aerosol outlet of the differential electromobility analyzer 1 is connected with a particle counter 4, the particle counter 4 controls the flow of the atmospheric aerosol in the whole system to be 0.35 liter/minute, and the screened atmospheric aerosol with single particle size is counted. The data acquisition and processing module 5 acquires temperature, humidity, pressure and flow information of the sheath gas control module 2, voltage information of the positive and negative high-voltage power supply module 3 and atmospheric aerosol number concentration information of the particle counter 4.
Taking the actual atmospheric Aerosol measurement results as an example, the original atmospheric Aerosol particle Size distribution with positive charge and negative charge can be measured by the above system, and the data acquisition and processing module 5 uses the measured negative and positive Aerosol particle Size distribution charged by natural ions to Obtain the atmospheric Aerosol particle Size distribution by using a linear data Inversion Method similar to that disclosed by Hagen and Alofs (1983) (Hagen, d.e., and d.j.alofs.1983.linear Inversion Method to obtaine Aerosol Size Distributions from Measurements with a Differential Mobility analyzer, 475 Technology and Technology 2 (4: 465)), while taking into account the atmospheric Aerosol charge distribution, the transmission equation of the electromigration Differential Mobility analyzer, the counting efficiency of the counter particles, and the diffusion loss of the Aerosol in the system. The inversion method in the invention content performs inversion on the particle size distribution of two adjacent groups of positive and negative charged aerosols obtained by measurement to obtain the particle size distribution of the initial atmospheric aerosol, and the result is shown in fig. 2. Fig. 2 shows the results of atmospheric aerosol particle size distribution measured at atmospheric observation sites of the university of qinghua campus from 17 to 25 days 11/month in 2020, which indicates that the method and system of the present invention can perform continuous atmospheric aerosol observation.
Claims (8)
1. A system for measuring the particle size distribution of the atmospheric aerosol based on natural ion charge is characterized by comprising the following components: the device comprises a differential electric mobility analyzer (1), a sheath gas control module (2), a positive and negative high-voltage power supply module (3), a particle counter (4) and a data acquisition processing module (5); the sheath gas control module (2) is connected with the differential electric mobility analyzer (1) through two pipelines to provide clean and circular sheath gas for the differential electric mobility analyzer (1); the positive and negative high-voltage power supply module (3) is connected with an aerosol inlet of the differential electric mobility analyzer (1) through a high-voltage lead to alternately provide positive voltage and negative voltage for the differential electric mobility analyzer (1); the aerosol outlet of the differential electric mobility analyzer (1) is connected with the particle counter (4) through a pipeline, and the data acquisition and processing module (5) is connected with the sheath gas control module (2), the positive and negative high-voltage power supply module (3) and the particle counter (4) through data lines.
2. A measurement method for measuring the particle size distribution of atmospheric aerosol based on natural ion charge is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, an aerosol inlet of a differential electric mobility analyzer (1) is directly communicated with the ambient atmosphere with a large amount of natural ions, and atmospheric aerosol charged by the natural ions enters the differential electric mobility analyzer (1); the sheath gas control module (2) provides clean and circular sheath gas for the differential electric mobility analyzer (1) through two pipelines; the front of the inlet of the differential electric mobility analyzer (1) does not use a charge device for generating artificial ions;
step 2, the data acquisition and processing module (5) controls the positive and negative high-voltage module (3) to provide positive voltage or negative voltage in the range of-9 kV to +9kV for the differential electric mobility analyzer (1); continuously scanning in the range, and measuring the concentration of the negative charged atmospheric aerosol or the concentration of the positive charged atmospheric aerosol under different voltages by a particle counter (4) so as to obtain the measurement result of the negative charged or positive charged atmospheric aerosol;
step 3, the data acquisition processing module (5) controls the positive and negative high-voltage power supply module (3) to alternately apply positive high voltage and negative high voltage to the differential electric mobility analyzer (1), respectively measures the particle size distribution of the aerosol charged by natural ions and charged by negative electricity and positive electricity, and calculates the charge distribution of the atmospheric aerosol regulated by the natural ions by using the particle size distribution result; and performing inversion calculation to obtain accurate particle size distribution of the atmospheric aerosol.
3. The method for measuring the particle size distribution of the atmospheric aerosol based on the natural ion charge as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step 3 is to measure the particle size distribution of the aerosol charged by the natural ions and the particle size distribution of the atmospheric aerosol is obtained by performing inversion calculation by using a linear data inversion method similar to that disclosed by Hagen and Alofs (1983) and simultaneously considering the atmospheric aerosol charge distribution, the transmission equation of a differential mobility analyzer, the counting efficiency of a particle counter and the diffusion loss of the aerosol in the system.
4. The method for measuring the particle size distribution of the atmospheric aerosol based on the natural ion charge as claimed in claim 2, wherein a particle size screening device is placed at the front section of the aerosol inlet of the differential electric mobility analyzer (1) to remove large particles, or a diffusion drying tube device is additionally installed to adjust the relative humidity of the inlet air.
5. The method for measuring the atmospheric aerosol particle size distribution based on natural ion charge as claimed in claim 2, wherein the data acquisition and processing module (5) acquires information comprising: collecting temperature, humidity, pressure and flow information of the sheath gas control module (2); collecting voltage information of the positive and negative high-voltage power supply module (3); and acquiring aerosol number concentration information of the particle counter (4), and performing data processing to obtain a measurement result of the particle size distribution of the atmospheric aerosol.
6. The method for measuring the particle size distribution of the atmospheric aerosol based on the natural ion charge as claimed in claim 2 or 5, wherein the sheath gas control module (2) provides the clean circulating sheath gas with the flow rate ranging from 3.5 liters/minute to 15 liters/minute to the differential electric mobility analyzer (1) through two pipelines.
7. The method for measuring the particle size distribution of the atmospheric aerosol based on the natural ion charge as claimed in claim 2, wherein the positive and negative high voltage power supply module (3) alternately provides the differential electric mobility analyzer (1) with positive or negative voltage of 9kV, 7kV, 5kV, 3kV and 1kV through high voltage wires; scanning for 5 min, and alternately sieving the negatively and positively charged atmospheric aerosol to obtain the maximum particle size of 13-750 nm.
8. The method for measuring the particle size distribution of the atmospheric aerosol based on the natural ion charge as claimed in claim 2, wherein the particle counter (4) controls the flow rate of the atmospheric aerosol in the whole system to be in a value range of 0.35-1.5L/min, and counts the sieved atmospheric aerosol with single particle size.
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