CN114199597A - A-FRAME crane load test method - Google Patents
A-FRAME crane load test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114199597A CN114199597A CN202111338814.2A CN202111338814A CN114199597A CN 114199597 A CN114199597 A CN 114199597A CN 202111338814 A CN202111338814 A CN 202111338814A CN 114199597 A CN114199597 A CN 114199597A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/005—Testing of complete machines, e.g. washing-machines or mobile phones
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- G01M99/007—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass by applying a load, e.g. for resistance or wear testing
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
A load test method of an A-FRAME crane comprises the A-FRAME crane (hereinafter referred to as the crane) and a test base, wherein the test base is provided with an upper steel beam and a lower steel beam, and a first lifting lug and a second lifting lug are welded on the lower steel beam. The crane is placed on the base for testing, and the load bearing capacity of the hydraulic rod when the hydraulic rod extends out of the hydraulic cylinder completely and the hydraulic rod retracts into the hydraulic cylinder completely is tested respectively. The steel wire rope bypasses a pulley of the crane and is sequentially connected with a chain block, a dynamometer and a hanging strip downwards, the hanging strip is connected with a second lifting lug through a shackle, the chain block is slowly pulled, the load is slowly applied to the crane, the dynamometer is observed, the dynamometer is read, the operation is stopped when the reading of the dynamometer reaches the load required by the test, the load is unloaded after the dynamometer is kept still for a period of time, and the test is completed. The base for testing is adopted to test the load of the crane, so that the influence of redundant loads such as dynamic load and the like can be eliminated, the load value of the test loading is more accurate, and the operation is safer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crane load tests, in particular to a test method for testing the load capacity of an A-FRAME crane.
Background
At present, when a load test is performed on an a-FRAME type crane (hereinafter referred to as a crane) or other types of cranes, a load is generally applied by hanging a counterweight block with a load weight required by the test on a hook head of the crane, and then the crane is stopped for a period of time after the counterweight block is static to verify whether the crane can meet the working condition of the designed load. However, with the above method, during the period from the time when the counterweight is loaded to the time when the counterweight is static, the counterweight is moving, so the actually applied load includes the dead load of the counterweight and the dynamic load of the counterweight, the dead load is the load required by the test, so the actual load is obviously greater than the self load, that is, the excess part is the dynamic load. The counter weight is 5 tons as basic units generally, so the dynamic load can reach a non-negligible value, the actual load can be far greater than the load value required by the test, the structure of the crane can be damaged, and potential safety hazards are formed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a load test method of an A-FRAME crane, aiming at achieving the purpose of avoiding the damage to the crane structure caused by the generation of redundant load in the test process, and the adopted technical scheme is as follows:
A-FRAME type crane load test method, A-FRAME type crane (hereinafter referred to as crane) has two crane bases, the crane base is fixed with the fluid cylinder, the fluid cylinder has hydraulic stem to connect with crane jib, the crane jib is fixed with the crane pulley, place the base for test on the ground, the base for test has upper steel beam and lower floor steel beam, the lower floor steel beam is that four narrow flange H shape steels are placed on the ground longitudinally, the upper steel beam is that two wide flange H shape steels are placed on the lower floor steel beam horizontally; two narrow-flange H-shaped steels in the middle of the lower steel beam are respectively positioned at the position, far away from the crane rotating arm, of the crane base, and when the hydraulic rod completely extends out and is positioned below the position of the crane pulley, the middle parts of the two narrow-flange H-shaped steels in the middle of the lower steel beam are respectively welded with a first lifting lug and a second lifting lug. When the hydraulic rod extends out of the hydraulic cylinder completely, the crane pulley is just above the first lifting lug, and when the hydraulic rod retracts into the hydraulic cylinder completely, the crane pulley is just above the second lifting lug.
The method for testing the crane load by adopting the test base comprises the following steps:
the loop wheel machine sits and puts on experimental base, fix the loop wheel machine base on wide flange H shaped steel through the bolt, let the hydraulic stem stretch out the pneumatic cylinder completely, wire rope walks around the loop wheel machine pulley and has connected gradually chain block downwards, dynamometer and suspender, the suspender passes through the shackle and is connected with the second lug, slowly stimulate chain block, slowly apply the load to the loop wheel machine, observe the dynamometer, carry out the reading to the dynamometer, stop the operation when the dynamometer reading reaches experimental requirement load, the unloading load after a period of stewing, whether the observation structure warp and hydraulic system can normally work.
Let the hydraulic stem retract completely in the pneumatic cylinder, wire rope walks around the loop wheel machine pulley and has connected gradually chain block, dynamometer and suspender downwards, the suspender passes through the shackle and is connected with first lug, slowly stimulates chain block, slowly applys the load to the loop wheel machine, observe the dynamometer, carry out the reading to the dynamometer, stop the operation when the dynamometer reading reaches experimental requirement load, unload the load after a period of stewing, observe whether the structure warp and whether hydraulic system can normally work, accomplish the experiment.
The base is used for supporting the crane in the test, the structure is simple, the cost is low, the crane can be helped to use the existing conditions, the crane load test can be completed by using the self weight of the crane, and the influence of redundant load generated by dynamic load on the crane, which causes the deformation or damage of the crane structure, can be avoided.
According to the load test method of the A-FRAME crane, the first lifting lug and the second lifting lug are welded to the web plate in the middle of the narrow-flange H-shaped steel.
According to the load test method of the A-FRAME crane, further, the width of the wide-flange H-shaped steel wing plate is larger than that of the crane base. The width of the wide-flange H-shaped steel is larger than that of the crane base, and the wide-flange H-shaped steel can completely support the crane base.
In the method for testing the load of the A-FRAME crane, furthermore, the wide-flange H-shaped steel and the narrow-flange H-shaped steel are longitudinally and transversely staggered to form the test base which is integrally grid-shaped. Two horizontal wide flange H shaped steel can four narrow flange H shaped steel suppress, because the whole rectangle structure that is of loop wheel machine base, it coincides mutually with the wide flange H shaped steel that upper girder steel has, the loop wheel machine carries out suppression on weighing to lower floor's girder steel promptly, and combine first lug, the welding of second lug is at the middle part of two middle narrow flange H shaped steel, when having reached to utilize self weight to implement load test, the security of experiment has been guaranteed, avoid the lower floor's girder steel unstability in the process of the test, cause the test failure.
In the method for testing the load of the A-FRAME crane, further, the distance between the central axes of the two wide-flange H-shaped steels is equal to the distance between the central axes of the two crane bases.
In the method for testing the load of the A-FRAME crane, furthermore, the four narrow-flange H-shaped steels are arranged in parallel.
The base for testing is adopted to test the load of the crane, so that the influence of redundant loads such as dynamic load and the like can be eliminated, the load value of the test loading is more accurate, and the operation is safer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of an A-FRAME type crane positioned on a test bed;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view from A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a load test with the hydraulic rod fully retracted into the hydraulic cylinder;
wherein: 1-hydraulic cylinder, 2-crane jib, 3-lower layer steel beam, 4-upper layer steel beam, 5-first ear plate, 6-second ear plate, 7-shackle, 8-sling, 9-dynamometer, 10-chain block, 11-steel wire rope, 12-crane pulley, 14-crane base.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained with reference to the drawings.
The method for testing the load of the A-FRAME crane comprises the A-FRAME crane and a test base, wherein the test base is provided with an upper steel beam 4 and a lower steel beam 3, the lower steel beams are four narrow-flange H-shaped steels, the four narrow-flange H-shaped steels are longitudinally placed on the ground, and the four narrow-flange H-shaped steels are parallel to each other. The upper layer steel beam is two wide-flange H-shaped steels, the two wide-flange H-shaped steels are transversely placed above the four narrow-flange H-shaped steels, and the narrow-flange H-shaped steels and the wide-flange H-shaped steels are staggered with each other to form the overall grid type base for the test.
The crane is provided with a left crane base 14 and a right crane base 14, a hydraulic cylinder 1 is fixed on the crane bases, a hydraulic rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with a crane rotating arm 2, and a crane pulley 12 is fixed on the crane rotating arm. The crane is placed on the base for the test, the two crane bases are placed on the two wide-flange H-shaped steels respectively, and the width of the wing plate of the wide-flange H-shaped steel is larger than that of the crane base, so that the crane base can be completely supported, and the crane is supported. The crane base is fixed on the wide-flange H-shaped steel through bolts, and the middle two of the four narrow-flange H-shaped steels are respectively positioned at the end part of the crane base far away from one end of the crane rotating arm and below the crane pulley (as shown in the position shown in figure 2) when the hydraulic rod completely extends out of the hydraulic cylinder. And a first lug plate 5 and a second lug plate 6 are respectively welded on the middle part and the web plate of the middle two narrow-flange H-shaped steels. Because first otic placode and second otic placode are welded on the girder steel of lower floor, and the base for the experiment supports the loop wheel machine, and simultaneously the loop wheel machine also exerts a pressure to the base for the experiment, consequently, when the loop wheel machine was pulling first otic placode, second otic placode, the object of its pulling is static, and then the load that applys to the loop wheel machine is also static, avoids producing dynamic load.
The two states of the crane are tested respectively, namely the load bearing capacity of the crane under two extreme working conditions, namely the working condition that the hydraulic rod extends out of the hydraulic cylinder completely and the working condition that the hydraulic rod retracts into the hydraulic cylinder completely.
When the hydraulic rod completely extends out of the hydraulic cylinder, the steel wire rope 11 bypasses a pulley of the crane to move downwards and is sequentially connected with the chain block 10, the dynamometer 9 and the hanging strip 8, the hanging strip is connected with the second lug plate through the shackle 7, the chain block is slowly pulled, load is slowly applied to the crane, reading on the dynamometer is observed, the operation is stopped when the reading of the dynamometer reaches the test requirement load number, the load is unloaded after standing for a period of time, whether the crane structure is deformed and whether the hydraulic system can normally work is observed, and the shackle is taken down from the second lug plate after no problem exists.
The hydraulic stem is adjusted to enable the hydraulic stem to be completely retracted into the hydraulic cylinder, the lifting belt is connected with the first lug plate through the shackle, the chain block is slowly pulled, the crane is slowly loaded, the reading on the dynamometer is observed, the operation is stopped when the reading of the dynamometer reaches the test required load number, the load is unloaded after the dynamometer is kept static for a period of time, and the experiment is completed by observing whether the crane structure is deformed and whether the hydraulic system can normally work.
According to the invention, the lifting lugs are welded on the lower layer steel beam, and the crane applies load to the crane by pulling the lifting lugs, so that local materials are obtained by adopting the structural method, the test accuracy is ensured while the self weight is utilized, the load is ensured to be static load, the generation of dynamic load is avoided, and further the damage to the crane structure is avoided.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a A-FRAME type loop wheel machine load test method, A-FRAME type loop wheel machine (hereinafter for short loop wheel machine) has two loop wheel machine bases (14), is fixed with pneumatic cylinder (1) on the loop wheel machine base, and the hydraulic stem that the pneumatic cylinder has is connected with loop wheel machine rocking arm (2), is fixed with loop wheel machine pulley (12) on the loop wheel machine rocking arm, its characterized in that: a base for testing is placed on the ground, the base for testing is provided with an upper layer steel beam (3) and a lower layer steel beam (4), the lower layer steel beam is formed by longitudinally placing four narrow-flange H-shaped steels on the ground, and the upper layer steel beam is formed by transversely placing two wide-flange H-shaped steels on the lower layer steel beam; two narrow-flange H-shaped steels in the middle of the lower steel beam are respectively positioned at the position of the crane base, which is far away from the crane rotating arm, and below the position of the crane pulley when the hydraulic rod is completely extended out, and the middle parts of the two narrow-flange H-shaped steels in the middle of the lower steel beam are respectively welded with a first lifting lug (5) and a second lifting lug (6);
the method for testing the crane load by adopting the test base comprises the following steps:
the crane is placed on a base for testing, a crane base is fixed on the wide-flange H-shaped steel through bolts, a hydraulic rod completely extends out of a hydraulic cylinder, a steel wire rope (11) bypasses a crane pulley and is downwards connected with a chain block (10), a dynamometer (9) and a hanging strip (8) in sequence, the hanging strip is connected with a second lifting lug through a shackle (7), the chain block is slowly pulled, a load is slowly applied to the crane, the dynamometer is observed, reading is carried out on the dynamometer, operation is stopped when the reading of the dynamometer reaches a load required by the test, the load is unloaded after standing for a period of time, and whether the structure is deformed and whether a hydraulic system can normally work are observed;
let the hydraulic stem retract completely in the pneumatic cylinder, wire rope walks around the loop wheel machine pulley and has connected gradually chain block, dynamometer and suspender downwards, the suspender passes through the shackle and is connected with first lug, slowly stimulates chain block, slowly applys the load to the loop wheel machine, observe the dynamometer, carry out the reading to the dynamometer, stop the operation when the dynamometer reading reaches experimental requirement load, unload the load after a period of stewing, observe whether the structure warp and whether hydraulic system can normally work, accomplish the experiment.
2. The A-FRAME crane load testing method according to claim 1, wherein: the first lifting lug and the second lifting lug are welded at the web plate in the middle of the narrow-flange H-shaped steel.
3. The A-FRAME crane load testing method according to claim 1, wherein: the length of the wide-flange H-shaped steel is larger than the distance between two narrow-flange H-shaped steels on the outermost side of the lower-layer steel beam.
4. The A-FRAME crane load testing method according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the wide-flange H-shaped steel wing plate is larger than that of the crane base.
5. The A-FRAME crane load testing method according to claim 1, wherein: the wide-flange H-shaped steel and the narrow-flange H-shaped steel are longitudinally and transversely arranged in a staggered mode to form the overall grid type test base.
6. The A-FRAME crane load testing method according to claim 1, wherein: the distance between the two wide-flange H-shaped steels is equal to the distance between the crane bases.
7. The A-FRAME crane load testing method according to claim 1, wherein: the four narrow-flange H-shaped steels are arranged in parallel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111338814.2A CN114199597B (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | A-FRAME crane load test method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111338814.2A CN114199597B (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | A-FRAME crane load test method |
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| CN114199597A true CN114199597A (en) | 2022-03-18 |
| CN114199597B CN114199597B (en) | 2023-06-16 |
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| CN202111338814.2A Active CN114199597B (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | A-FRAME crane load test method |
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Citations (8)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1516453A1 (en) * | 1988-02-29 | 1989-10-23 | Камский политехнический институт | Test bed for loading self-propelled jib cranes |
| JPH10182077A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-07-07 | P S Co Ltd | Load testing device |
| CN201707264U (en) * | 2010-06-23 | 2011-01-12 | 上海市安装工程有限公司 | Load test device |
| CN202372357U (en) * | 2011-11-07 | 2012-08-08 | 中国广东核电集团有限公司 | Load test device for support mechanism of nuclear power plant |
| DE102014117956B3 (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2016-06-09 | Martin Schmid | Seilwindenprüfvorrichtung |
| CN111307425A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-06-19 | 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 | Method for hoisting test in maintenance of motor room of LNG ship machinery room |
| CN211393594U (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-09-01 | 浙江海重重工有限公司 | Adjustable type in-plant crane load test device with double-layer travelling crane structure |
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-
2021
- 2021-11-12 CN CN202111338814.2A patent/CN114199597B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1516453A1 (en) * | 1988-02-29 | 1989-10-23 | Камский политехнический институт | Test bed for loading self-propelled jib cranes |
| JPH10182077A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-07-07 | P S Co Ltd | Load testing device |
| CN201707264U (en) * | 2010-06-23 | 2011-01-12 | 上海市安装工程有限公司 | Load test device |
| CN202372357U (en) * | 2011-11-07 | 2012-08-08 | 中国广东核电集团有限公司 | Load test device for support mechanism of nuclear power plant |
| DE102014117956B3 (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2016-06-09 | Martin Schmid | Seilwindenprüfvorrichtung |
| CN211393594U (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-09-01 | 浙江海重重工有限公司 | Adjustable type in-plant crane load test device with double-layer travelling crane structure |
| CN111307425A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-06-19 | 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 | Method for hoisting test in maintenance of motor room of LNG ship machinery room |
| CN212871702U (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2021-04-02 | 友联船厂（蛇口）有限公司 | Common hoisting tool load test platform for ship repair and building |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 任锦江: "液压提升式缆载吊机关键技术研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库工程科技Ⅱ辑》, no. 04, pages 029 - 123 * |
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| CN114199597B (en) | 2023-06-16 |
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