CN114198158B - Two-stage turbine magnetic suspension ORC power generation system - Google Patents
Two-stage turbine magnetic suspension ORC power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114198158B CN114198158B CN202111240685.3A CN202111240685A CN114198158B CN 114198158 B CN114198158 B CN 114198158B CN 202111240685 A CN202111240685 A CN 202111240685A CN 114198158 B CN114198158 B CN 114198158B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/08—Cooling; Heating; Heat-insulation
- F01D25/12—Cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a two-stage turbine magnetic suspension ORC power generation system, which comprises an evaporator, a generator, a condenser and a working medium pump, wherein the evaporator is connected with the generator; the working medium pump is communicated between the inlet end of the evaporator and the outlet end of the condenser; the two sides of the generator are respectively provided with a high-pressure level turbine and a low-pressure level turbine; the high-pressure stage turbine and the low-pressure stage turbine are communicated and arranged between the outlet end of the evaporator and the inlet end of the condenser; the high-pressure level turbine and the low-pressure level turbine are arranged on two sides of the generator, and the high-pressure level turbine and the low-pressure level turbine have the effects of balancing stress of the structure, reducing vibration and noise and improving working environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power generation, in particular to a two-stage turbine magnetic suspension ORC power generation system.
Background
In order to cope with climate change, energy conservation and emission reduction have become global consensus. The energy conservation and emission reduction can reduce the operation cost for enterprises, create considerable economic benefits and improve the green competitiveness of the enterprises while creating social benefits. With the continuous deep energy-saving work, the utilization of low-temperature waste heat resources becomes increasingly a hot spot and a difficult point of the energy-saving work. An Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) power generation technology is a rankine cycle power generation technology using organic working fluids (e.g., R245fa, R134a, etc.), and the main components of the system include: evaporator, expander, generator, condenser, working medium pump. The low-temperature heat source (80-300 ℃) heats the liquid organic working medium in the evaporator through heat exchange, the liquid working medium is evaporated into a gaseous state, the low-boiling point characteristic of the organic working medium is utilized, higher evaporation pressure can be obtained at lower evaporation temperature, the expansion machine is pushed to apply work, the generator is driven to generate electricity, low-grade heat energy is converted into high-grade electric energy, the pressure of the gaseous working medium is reduced after the work is applied, the gaseous working medium enters the condenser, the gaseous working medium is condensed into the liquid organic working medium through the external cold source, and the liquid organic working medium is conveyed into the evaporator through the working medium pump, so that the whole cycle is completed.
Most of the expanders of the conventional medium and small (single-machine assembling machine generating capacity <1 MW) ORC power generation system are single-stage screw expander or single-stage centripetal impeller expander, and due to the limitation of design pressure ratio, the single-stage expansion often cannot fully expand gaseous organic working medium, so that enthalpy difference utilized by the expander is lower, and power generation efficiency is low. The integral pressure ratio of the expander can be improved by increasing the stage number of the expander, so that the gaseous working medium is fully expanded, a higher enthalpy difference is obtained, and the power generation efficiency of the ORC system is improved.
In the expander in the conventional ORC power generation technology, oil is used for lubricating the bearing, lubrication and cooling are needed to be provided for the bearing through a complex lubricating oil system, lubricating oil in the system is mixed with working medium, and separation is difficult. Meanwhile, the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger can be reduced when lubricating oil enters the heat exchanger.
Therefore, the two-stage turbine magnetic suspension ORC power generation system with high energy utilization rate, simple system and moderate cost is necessary to be invented.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a two-stage turbine magnetic suspension ORC power generation system with high energy utilization rate, simple system and moderate cost.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the two-stage turbine magnetic suspension ORC power generation system comprises an evaporator, a generator, a condenser and a working medium pump; the working medium pump is communicated and arranged between the inlet end of the evaporator and the outlet end of the condenser; the two sides of the generator are respectively provided with a high-pressure level turbine and a low-pressure level turbine; the high-pressure stage turbine and the low-pressure stage turbine are communicated and arranged between the outlet end of the evaporator and the inlet end of the condenser.
Furthermore, the high-pressure stage turbine, the low-pressure stage turbine and the generator are all in transmission connection through magnetic suspension bearings.
Further, the generator adopts a permanent magnet synchronous generator; the rotor of the generator is coaxially connected with the impeller of the high-pressure stage turbine; the rotor of the generator is coaxially connected with the impeller of the low-pressure stage turbine.
Further, the generator and the magnetic suspension bearings at two sides are surrounded by a closed shell.
Further, the high pressure stage permeate and the low pressure stage turbine are arranged in series; the gaseous working medium from the evaporator sequentially passes through the high-pressure stage turbine and the low-pressure stage turbine and then enters the condenser.
Further, a first control valve is arranged on a working medium conveying pipeline between the evaporator and the high-pressure stage turbine; the first control valve communicates between the outlet end of the evaporator and the inlet end of the condenser through a bypass pipeline.
Further, the first control valve is of a three-way valve structure with one inlet and two outlets.
Further, the first control valve comprises a first functional valve and a second functional valve; the first functional valve is correspondingly arranged on a pipeline of the outlet end of the evaporator, which directly flows to the inlet end of the condenser; the second functional valve is correspondingly arranged on a pipeline flowing to the high-pressure stage turbine from the outlet end of the evaporator.
Further, the heat exchanger is also included; the cold source pipeline of the heat exchanger is connected with the cold source pipeline of the condenser in parallel; the inlet end of the heat exchanger is communicated and connected with the pipeline between the outlet end of the working medium pump and the inlet end of the evaporator; the outlet end of the heat exchanger is communicated with the inlet end of the condenser after passing through the generator through a working medium conveying pipe.
Further, a second control valve is arranged on the pipeline at the inlet end of the heat exchanger; and a third control valve is arranged on the pipeline at the outlet end of the heat exchanger.
The beneficial effects are that: (1) According to the two-stage turbine magnetic suspension ORC power generation system, the turbine adopts the magnetic suspension bearing, the lubricating oil-free system is adopted, the ORC system is simple in structure, the turbine adopts the magnetic suspension bearing, friction loss is lower, and power generation efficiency is high;
(2) According to the two-stage turbine magnetic suspension ORC power generation system, the two-stage turbines are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the generator, the structure is balanced in stress, and the vibration and the noise are low; the two-stage turbine series connection design is suitable for ORC high expansion pressure ratio working conditions, and the system power generation efficiency is higher;
(3) According to the two-stage turbine magnetic suspension ORC power generation system, the three-way control valve or the combination of the turbine valve and the bypass valve is arranged on the connecting pipelines of the evaporator, the turbine and the condenser, and the protection of the turbine is realized by switching the turbine/bypass mode;
(4) According to the two-stage turbine magnetic suspension ORC power generation system, the generator adopts the high-speed permanent magnet synchronous generator, the generator rotor and the impeller of the expander are coaxially designed, a reduction gear is not needed, the size of the expander is smaller, and the efficiency is higher;
(5) According to the two-stage turbine magnetic suspension ORC power generation system, the turbine, the generator and the magnetic suspension bearing adopt closed shells, a coupler and a mechanical seal are not used, and leakage of working media is reduced; the high-pressure low-temperature liquid working medium is conveyed to a generator cavity and used for cooling a generator;
(6) According to the two-stage turbine magnetic suspension ORC power generation system, the cooling effect of the generator can be enhanced through the heat exchanger cooling pipeline, so that the temperature of the generator is controlled in a reasonable range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high pressure stage turbine and a low pressure stage turbine in series arrangement;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high pressure stage turbine and a low pressure stage turbine in parallel arrangement;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the first and second functional valves in a turbine tandem configuration;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of the first and second functional valves in a parallel turbine configuration.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A two-stage turbine magnetic suspension ORC power generation system, as shown in figures 1-4, comprises an evaporator 1, a generator 5, a condenser 6 and a working medium pump 7; the working medium pump 7 is communicated and arranged between the inlet end of the evaporator 1 and the outlet end of the condenser 6; the two sides of the generator 5 are respectively provided with a high-pressure stage turbine 3 and a low-pressure stage turbine 4; the high-pressure stage turbine 3 and the low-pressure stage turbine 4 are arranged between the outlet end of the evaporator 1 and the inlet end of the condenser 6 in a communicating way.
The evaporator 1 is provided with a heat source for converting a working medium into a gas state so as to conveniently drive the turbine, the condenser is provided with a cold source for converting the gas working medium which drives the turbine into a liquid state again, and then the liquid working medium is conveyed back to the evaporator 1 by the working medium pump 7, so that a cycle process is completed; the high-pressure stage turbine 3 and the low-pressure stage turbine 4 are arranged on two sides of the generator 5, and the effect is that the structure can be stressed and balanced, the vibration is low, the noise is low, and the working environment is improved.
The high-pressure stage turbine 3, the low-pressure stage turbine 4 and the generator 5 are in transmission connection through magnetic suspension bearings 11.
The magnetic suspension bearing 11 has the advantages of no need of lubricating oil, great simplification of maintenance work, lower friction loss and high power generation efficiency.
The generator 5 adopts a permanent magnet synchronous generator; the rotor of the generator 5 is coaxially connected with the impeller of the high-pressure stage turbine 3; the rotor of the generator 5 is coaxially connected to the impeller of the low-pressure stage turbine 4.
The coaxial design ensures that a reduction gear is not needed between the rotor and the impeller structure, is beneficial to the overall light weight and miniaturization of the equipment, and has higher efficiency.
The generator 5 and the magnetic suspension bearings 11 on the two sides are surrounded by a closed shell.
The generator 5 does not need a coupler and a mechanical seal, reduces leakage of working media, and improves the use safety obviously.
The high-pressure stage turbine 3 and the low-pressure stage turbine 4 are arranged in series; the gaseous working medium from the evaporator 1 sequentially passes through the high-pressure stage turbine 3 and the low-pressure stage turbine 4 and then enters the condenser 6.
In actual installation, there are two arrangements, namely series and parallel, between the high pressure stage turbine 3 and the low pressure stage turbine 4; the advantage of the series connection is that: the two-stage full utilization of the gaseous working medium can be realized, the whole energy consumption can be controlled, and the working mode is more economical; the advantage of parallel connection is that: the two-stage turbines can reach higher power, so that the overall power generation capacity is improved; in actual field installation, reasonable selection can be performed according to actual production requirements.
A first control valve 2 is arranged on a working medium conveying pipeline between the evaporator 1 and the high-pressure stage turbine 3; the first control valve 2 communicates between the outlet end of the evaporator 1 and the inlet end of the condenser 6 via a bypass line.
The bypass pipeline has the advantages that the turbine equipment can be separated in the working medium conveying and debugging stage, damage to the turbine caused by unstable supply in the debugging stage is avoided, and the safety is improved.
The first control valve 2 is of a three-way valve structure with one inlet and two outlets.
By utilizing the three-way valve structure, the working medium conveying pipeline and the bypass pipeline can be flexibly switched, and the debugging efficiency is obviously improved.
The first control valve 2 includes a first function valve 21 and a second function valve 22; the first functional valve 21 is correspondingly arranged on a pipeline from the outlet end of the evaporator 1 to the inlet end of the condenser 6; the second functional valve 22 is correspondingly arranged on a pipeline flowing to the high-pressure stage turbine 3 at the outlet end of the evaporator 1.
The first functional valve 21 and the second functional valve 22 have the same function as the three-way valve, and the difference is that the two flow directions of the downstream of the pipeline of the evaporator 1 are respectively controlled by special valves, so that the operation is clearer and clearer, and the safety monitoring is convenient.
Also comprises a heat exchanger 9; the cold source pipeline of the heat exchanger 9 is connected with the cold source pipeline of the condenser 6 in parallel; the inlet end of the heat exchanger 9 is communicated with the pipeline between the outlet end of the working medium pump 7 and the inlet end of the evaporator 1; the outlet end of the heat exchanger 9 is communicated with the inlet end of the condenser 6 after passing through the generator 5 through a working medium conveying pipe.
The high-pressure low-temperature liquid working medium is conveyed to a generator cavity and used for cooling a generator; the cooling effect of the generator can be enhanced through the cooling pipeline of the heat exchanger 9, so that the temperature of the generator is controlled in a reasonable range, wherein the heat exchanger 9 can be a plate heat exchanger or a double-pipe heat exchanger.
A second control valve 8 is arranged on the pipeline at the inlet end of the heat exchanger 9; a third control valve 10 is arranged on the outlet end pipeline of the heat exchanger 9.
The cooling passage of the engine is accurately controlled through the valves at the upstream and downstream of the heat exchanger 9, so that the engine can be debugged before the working medium is conveyed, and the use stability is enhanced.
The following is a description of several specific embodiments.
Embodiment case 1:
as shown in fig. 1, the low-temperature and medium-temperature heat source transfers heat to the organic working medium in the system through the evaporator 1, the organic working medium absorbs heat and evaporates, and the organic working medium sequentially enters the high-pressure stage turbine 3 and the low-pressure stage turbine 4 to do work so as to push the turbine to rotate and drive the generator 5 to generate electricity.
The two-stage turbine magnetic suspension ORC power generation system is started in the operation flow: operating the first control valve 2 to place the system in bypass mode, i.e. the organic working medium stream does not pass through the high pressure stage turbine 3 and the low pressure stage turbine 4; the liquid organic working medium in the evaporator 1 absorbs heat of a heat source and evaporates to become a gaseous working medium, the gaseous working medium enters the condenser 6 through an organic working medium pipeline, and the liquid working medium is formed after being cooled in the condenser 6 by an external cold source; the organic working medium is conveyed into the evaporator 1 by the pressurization of the working medium pump 7, and the circulation is completed.
When the pressure difference of the turbine in the system is enough to push the generator to normally operate, the three-way control valve is operated to enable the system to be in a turbine mode, namely, an organic working medium passes through the high-pressure stage turbine 3 and the low-pressure stage turbine 4, firstly enters the high-pressure stage turbine 3, enters the low-pressure stage turbine 4 from an outlet of the high-pressure stage turbine 3 after expansion work is done, and continues to expand work; the organic working medium sequentially enters the high-pressure stage turbine 3 and the low-pressure stage turbine 4 to do work, so that the turbines are pushed to rotate, and the generator 5 is driven to generate electricity. The working exhaust gas enters a condenser 6 to be condensed into liquid working medium, and the working medium enters an evaporator 1 through the pressurization of a working medium pump 7 to complete the whole cycle.
The shutdown operation flow of the two-stage turbine magnetic suspension ORC power generation system comprises the following steps: operating the first control valve 2 to place the system in bypass mode, i.e. the organic working medium stream does not pass through the high pressure stage turbine 3 and the low pressure stage turbine 4; the gaseous organic medium enters the condenser 6 through the first control valve 2. And gradually reducing the heat entering the evaporator until the working medium in the evaporator 1 does not exchange heat with the heat source, and then sequentially closing the working medium pump 7 and the cold source of the condenser 6.
When the generator 5 needs to be cooled, the third control valve 10 is opened, and the high-pressure low-temperature liquid organic working medium after the working medium pump 7 can enter the generator 5 to cool and lubricate the generator 5. When the temperature of the generator 5 is continuously increased, on the basis of the above, the second control valve 8 is opened, so that the cold source is promoted to further reduce the temperature of the organic working medium through the heat exchanger 9, and the temperature of the generator 5 is controlled to be maintained within a reasonable range.
Embodiment case 2:
as shown in fig. 2, the low-temperature and medium-temperature heat source transfers heat to the organic working medium in the system through the evaporator 1, the organic working medium absorbs heat and evaporates, and the organic working medium respectively and simultaneously enters the high-pressure stage turbine 3 and the low-pressure stage turbine 4 to do work so as to push the turbines to rotate and drive the generator 5 to generate electricity.
The start-stop operation flow and the cooling mode of the generator of the two-stage turbine magnetic suspension ORC power generation system are the same as those of the embodiment 1, and are not repeated here.
When the pressure difference of the turbines in the system is enough to push the generator to normally operate, the first control valve 2 of the three-way valve structure is operated, so that the system is in a turbine mode, namely, organic working media pass through the high-pressure stage turbine 3 and the low-pressure stage turbine 4, and enter the high-pressure stage turbine 3 and the low-pressure stage turbine 4 at the same time, and expansion work is carried out to push the turbines to rotate so as to drive the generator 5 to generate electricity. The working exhaust gas is converged into one path through the outlets of the high-pressure stage turbine 3 and the low-pressure stage turbine 4, enters the condenser 6 to be condensed into liquid working medium, and is pressurized by the working medium pump 7 to enter the evaporator 1, so that the whole cycle is completed.
Embodiment 3:
as shown in fig. 3, the low-temperature and medium-temperature heat source transfers heat to the organic working medium in the system through the evaporator 1, the organic working medium absorbs heat and evaporates, and the organic working medium sequentially enters the high-pressure stage turbine 3 and the low-pressure stage turbine 4 to do work so as to push the turbines to rotate and drive the generator 5 to generate electricity.
The two-stage turbine magnetic suspension ORC power generation system is started in the operation flow: opening the first functional valve 21 and closing the second functional valve 22 to place the system in bypass mode, i.e. the organic working medium steam does not pass through the high pressure stage turbine 3 and the low pressure stage turbine 4; the liquid organic working medium in the evaporator 1 absorbs heat of a heat source and evaporates to become a gaseous working medium, the gaseous working medium enters the condenser 6 through an organic working medium pipeline, and the liquid working medium is formed after being cooled in the condenser 6 by an external cold source; the organic working medium is conveyed into the evaporator 1 by the pressurization of the working medium pump 7, and the circulation is completed.
When the pressure difference of the turbines in the system is enough to push the generator to normally operate, the first functional valve 21 is closed, the second functional valve 22 is opened, and the system is in a turbine mode, namely, organic working media pass through the high-pressure stage turbine 3 and the low-pressure stage turbine 4, firstly enter the high-pressure stage turbine 3, enter the low-pressure stage turbine 4 from the outlet of the high-pressure stage turbine 3 after expansion work is performed, and expansion work is continued; the organic working medium sequentially enters the high-pressure stage turbine 3 and the low-pressure stage turbine 4 to do work, so that the turbines are pushed to rotate, and the generator 5 is driven to generate electricity. The working exhaust gas enters a condenser 6 to be condensed into liquid working medium, and the working medium enters an evaporator 1 through the pressurization of a working medium pump 7 to complete the whole cycle.
The shutdown operation flow of the two-stage turbine magnetic suspension ORC power generation system comprises the following steps: opening the first functional valve 21 and closing the second functional valve 22 to place the system in bypass mode, i.e. the organic working medium steam does not pass through the high pressure stage turbine 3 and the low pressure stage turbine 4; the gaseous organic medium enters the condenser 6 through the first control valve 2. And gradually reducing the heat entering the evaporator until the working medium in the evaporator 1 does not exchange heat with the heat source, and then sequentially closing the working medium pump 7 and the cold source of the condenser 6.
When the generator 5 needs to be cooled, the third control valve 10 is opened, and the high-pressure low-temperature liquid organic working medium after the working medium pump 7 can enter the generator 5 to cool and lubricate the generator 5. When the temperature of the generator 5 is continuously increased, on the basis of the above, the second control valve 8 is opened, so that the cold source is promoted to further reduce the temperature of the organic working medium through the heat exchanger 9, and the temperature of the generator 5 is controlled to be maintained within a reasonable range.
Embodiment 4:
as shown in fig. 4, the low-temperature and medium-temperature heat source transfers heat to the organic working medium in the system through the evaporator 1, the organic working medium absorbs heat and evaporates, and the organic working medium respectively and simultaneously enters the high-pressure stage turbine 3 and the low-pressure stage turbine 4 to do work so as to push the turbines to rotate and drive the generator 5 to generate electricity.
The start-stop operation flow and the cooling mode of the generator of the two-stage turbine magnetic suspension ORC power generation system are the same as those of the embodiment 3, and are not repeated here.
When the pressure difference of the turbines in the system is enough to push the generator to normally operate, the first functional valve 21 is closed, the second functional valve 22 is opened, and the system is in a turbine mode, namely, organic working media pass through the high-pressure stage turbine 3 and the low-pressure stage turbine 4, and enter the high-pressure stage turbine 3 and the low-pressure stage turbine 4 at the same time, and expansion work is carried out to push the turbines to rotate so as to drive the generator 5 to generate electricity. The working exhaust gas is converged into one path through the outlets of the high-pressure stage turbine 3 and the low-pressure stage turbine 4, enters the condenser 6 to be condensed into liquid working medium, and is pressurized by the working medium pump 7 to enter the evaporator 1, so that the whole cycle is completed.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A two-stage turbine magnetic suspension ORC power generation system is characterized in that: comprises an evaporator (1), a generator (5), a condenser (6) and a working medium pump (7); the working medium pump (7) is communicated between the inlet end of the evaporator (1) and the outlet end of the condenser (6); the two sides of the generator (5) are respectively provided with a high-pressure stage turbine (3) and a low-pressure stage turbine (4); the high-pressure stage turbine (3) and the low-pressure stage turbine (4) are communicated between the outlet end of the evaporator (1) and the inlet end of the condenser (6);
the high-pressure stage turbine (3), the low-pressure stage turbine (4) and the generator (5) are in transmission connection through magnetic suspension bearings (11);
the generator (5) adopts a permanent magnet synchronous generator; the rotor of the generator (5) is coaxially connected with the impeller of the high-pressure stage turbine (3); the rotor of the generator (5) is coaxially connected with the impeller of the low-pressure stage turbine (4);
the generator (5) and the magnetic suspension bearings (11) at two sides are surrounded by a closed shell;
the high-pressure stage turbine (3) and the low-pressure stage turbine (4) are arranged in series; the gaseous working medium from the evaporator (1) sequentially passes through the high-pressure stage turbine (3) and the low-pressure stage turbine (4) and then enters the condenser (6);
a first control valve (2) is arranged on a working medium conveying pipeline between the evaporator (1) and the high-pressure stage turbine (3); the first control valve (2) is used for communicating the outlet end of the evaporator (1) with the inlet end of the condenser (6) through a bypass pipeline;
the first control valve (2) is of a three-way valve structure with one inlet and two outlets;
the first control valve (2) comprises a first functional valve (21) and a second functional valve (22); the first functional valve (21) is correspondingly arranged on a pipeline of the outlet end of the evaporator (1) which directly flows to the inlet end of the condenser (6); the second functional valve (22) is correspondingly arranged on a pipeline flowing to the high-pressure stage turbine (3) at the outlet end of the evaporator (1);
also comprises a heat exchanger (9); a cold source pipeline of the heat exchanger (9) is connected with a cold source pipeline of the condenser (6) in parallel; the inlet end of the heat exchanger (9) is communicated and connected with the pipeline between the outlet end of the working medium pump (7) and the inlet end of the evaporator (1); the outlet end of the heat exchanger (9) is communicated and connected with the inlet end of the condenser (6) after passing through the generator (5) through a working medium conveying pipe;
a second control valve (8) is arranged on the pipeline at the inlet end of the heat exchanger (9); and a third control valve (10) is arranged on an outlet end pipeline of the heat exchanger (9).
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