CN114198144A - Multi-unit water cooling structure and method for longwall mining working face - Google Patents
Multi-unit water cooling structure and method for longwall mining working face Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
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- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of coal mining, and particularly provides a multi-unit water-cooling temperature reduction structure and a method for a longwall coal mining face. The heat of the mining working face is transferred to the cooling water in the water cooler through the heat exchange between the water cooler and the hot air of the working face, and the heat of the working face is taken away through the circulation of the cooling water. The plurality of water coolers can increase the refrigerating area of the whole working surface and increase the refrigerating effect; the invention cools through the cooling water, the principle is reliable, the power is clean green, does not produce the electric heat, the noiseless pollution, the water cooler is designed with many straight tubes, return bend and fin, simple in construction, easy to install, does not need supporting the large-scale apparatus, does not influence the support and moves and the speed of recovery. On the basis of the original ventilation cooling, the double-loop cooling of the longwall coal face can be realized, and the operation environment of the thermal damage mine is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining, and particularly relates to a multi-unit water-cooling structure and method for a longwall mining working face of a high-temperature mine.
Background
The coal mine underground heat damage is one of important disasters for restricting the efficient production of a mine mining face, the most common underground working face cooling mode at present is refrigerating machine ventilation cooling, an air refrigerating machine is generally arranged on the air inlet side of a working face, cooled air is continuously sent into the working face, the air temperature of the working face is reduced, along with the increase of the mining scale, the longer the length of the longwall mining working face is, the larger the required fresh air flow is, the coal mining face is a main object for air flow cooling, a large amount of fresh air flow penetrates through the whole coal mining face, the temperature rise of the air flow can be increased, the height of the air flow is increased, the rear end heat damage condition in the coal mining face is more serious, and the required refrigerating capacity is larger. The refrigerator with large refrigerating capacity is often large in size, the extraction speed is influenced when the refrigerator is arranged too close to the working surface, the cold loss is increased when the refrigerator is arranged too far away from the working surface, and the cooling effect is greatly reduced; the continuous use of a plurality of small refrigerators near the working face or the support can increase the power consumption, the heat generation caused by the power consumption can become one of the heat sources of the working face, the size of the refrigerator cannot be too small due to the function of the refrigerator, the movement and the extraction speed of the support can still be influenced, and in addition, the use of high-power electrical equipment in a high-gas mine has certain danger.
The method for increasing the air volume on the longwall mining working face to bring away the temperature of the working face is not preferable, on one hand, the air speed cannot be increased without limit; on the other hand, even if the wind speed and the wind volume can be increased within the allowable maximum limit, the increase of the wind speed also leads to the increase of the heat exchange coefficient, so that the temperature of the wind flow is higher and higher, and particularly when the length of the working face is longer, the wind temperature at the middle and rear sections of the working face is higher, which is not beneficial to the coal mining work.
Therefore, the method has important significance for seeking a simple and feasible cooling mode with low cost and good effect on the longwall mining working face of the high-temperature mine.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a cooling device and a cooling method with low cost and good cooling effect.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a longwall mining working face polycell water-cooling structure which characterized in that, cooling structure includes:
the water inlet main pipe is arranged along a return airway of the mining working face and is connected with a water inlet end of the water cooler;
the water return main pipe is arranged along an air inlet roadway of the mining working face and is connected with a water return end of the water cooler;
the water coolers are distributed at intervals and are arranged on a hydraulic support of a mining working face;
the flexible connecting pipe is used for communicating the water coolers;
and cooling water is supplied to the water cooler through the water inlet main pipe, so that heat of the mining working face is exchanged with the cooling water, and the heat of the mining working face is carried away along with the flowing of the cooling water.
According to the multi-unit water-cooling structure for the longwall mining working face, preferably, the water cooler is a shell-and-tube radiator and is provided with a plurality of straight tubes, two ends of each straight tube are fixedly communicated through a bent tube, and one end of each two straight tubes is communicated through the bent tube between any two adjacent straight tubes, so that cooling water flows in a bow shape along the straight tubes and the bent tubes;
wherein, the water inlet of the water cooler is arranged on the upper edge of one side of the water cooler, and the water outlet is arranged on the lower edge of the other side. The water inlet and the water outlet are provided with valves.
According to the multi-unit water-cooling structure for the longwall mining working face, preferably, a plurality of water coolers are correspondingly distributed among front leg columns of a hydraulic support of the mining working face, and the arrangement number and the arrangement mode of the water coolers are determined according to the cooling capacity requirement;
under the condition of single ventilation, the heat taken away by the wind flow through the whole working surface is Q1After cold water cooling measures are taken, the temperature of the air flow outlet is reduced, and the heat taken away by the air flow is Q2The heat quantity difference is the cooling quantity Q provided by the cold water pipew；
(1) And (3) calculating the cooling capacity:
Q1and Q2Calculating according to a basic formula of convective heat transfer, namely a Newton cooling formula;
Q1＝K·Ah·(Th-tf) (1)
Q2＝K·Ah·(Th-t′f) (2)
Qw＝k1·(Q1-Q2) (3)
in the formula, Q1And Q2The heat before and after cooling, kW, respectively; qwkW is the cooling capacity required; k is the surface heat transfer coefficient of the wind current and the surrounding rock of the working surface, kW/(m)2·℃)；AhIs the total heat transfer area of the working face, m2；ThThe average temperature of the surface of the surrounding rock is DEG C; t is tfFor adopting the average wind flow before water coolingTemperature, deg.C; t is tfThe average temperature of the air flow after water cooling is adopted and is not more than 26 ℃ according to the specification; k is a radical of1The compensation coefficient takes the influence of cold loss and the like into consideration, and the range is 1.1-1.3;
(2) calculating cold water flow:
the flow in the water cooler pipe can be calculated according to a cold demand formula;
Qw＝SH·De·F·DT/60 (4)
in the formula, SH is the specific heat of water, and is 4.2kj/kg DEG C; de is the specific gravity of water and is 1 kg/L; f is flow, L/min; DT is the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the water cooler, tw2-tw1，℃；tw1Water temperature, deg.C, for the water cooler; t is tw2The water-cooling device return water temperature is DEG C;
(3) calculating the total heat transfer area of the water cooler:
the newton cooling formula is transformed to:
wherein A is the total heat transfer area of the water cooler, m2；KwIs the heat transfer coefficient of a water cooler pipeline, namely kW/(m)2DEG C.); d is the outer diameter of the pipeline and the unit is m; d is the inner diameter of the pipeline and is expressed in m; t is twIs the average temperature of water in the tube of the water cooler, ° C (t)w2+tw1)/2，a1Is the convective heat transfer coefficient of water and the inner wall of a pipeline, kW/(m)2·℃)；a2Is the heat convection coefficient of the outer wall of the pipeline and the air, kW/(m)2DEG C.); lambda is the heat conductivity coefficient of the tube wall, kW/(m DEG C);
(4) the number of the water coolers is calculated as
In the formula, N is the number of water coolers; s is the area of a single water cooler, m2；
(5) Area S calculation for a single water cooler
The surface area of a single water cooler comprises the surface area of the water cooler and the surface area of the matched flexible union pipe, wherein the surface area of the water cooler is formed by the surface area s of a single pipe1Surface area of fins s2The surface area of the matched flexible connecting pipe is s3(ii) a Then:
S＝k2·(s1+s2+s3) (9)
surface area s of single tube1The effective tube pass is equal to the whole tube pass minus the thickness of the fins, and the whole tube pass comprises the water inlet and outlet lengths at the two ends of the water cooler, the straight tube length and the bent tube length. Then s1Comprises the following steps:
s1＝π·D·(2l1+m·l2+m′*l3) (10)
wherein the length l of the elbow3Can be determined according to the length of the central line of the bent pipe l3Comprises the following steps:
therefore, equation (10) is converted into:
the fins have a height h, a width delta and a length (thickness) lcEach fin is penetrated by m straight pipes, the number of the fins is n, and the surface area s of each water cooler fin is2Is composed of
Each water cooler is provided with a soft connecting pipe, and the surface area s of the soft connecting pipe3Comprises the following steps:
s3＝π·D′·lr (14)
in the formula, k2The effective area coefficient is 0.7-1.0 in consideration of the contact degree between the water cooler and the air flow; s1Is the area of a single tube, m2；l1The length of the water inlet and outlet interface is m; l2Is the length of the straight pipe, and the unit is m; l3Is the length of the bent pipe, and the unit is m; m is the number of the straight pipes; m' is the number of the bent pipes; n is the number of the fins; h is the height of the fins, and the unit is m; delta is the width of the rib in m; lcLength (thickness) of the fins in m; lrThe length of the flexible coupling pipe is m; d' is the diameter of the hose, and the unit is m.
Preferably, the water inlet main pipe and the water return main pipe both comprise a plurality of sections of pipe bodies, and the plurality of sections of pipe bodies are connected through pipe joints so as to change the length along with the movement of the water cooler;
the pipe joint is in threaded connection with the pipe body.
According to the multi-unit water-cooling structure for the longwall mining working face, preferably, the radiating fins are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the straight pipe of the water cooler; the single tube is a copper tube.
According to the multi-unit water cooling structure for the longwall mining working face, preferably, the water cooler is provided with the connecting piece so as to be detachably connected to the mining working face hydraulic support.
Preferably, the return main pipe and the water inlet main pipe are correspondingly connected to a circulating cooling tower so as to supply circulating water to the water cooler.
A multi-unit water cooling method for a longwall mining working face comprises the following steps:
tunneling two roadways in the coal seam to serve as a return airway and an air inlet airway of a mining working face;
arranging pipelines in the air return lane and the air inlet lane and simultaneously respectively installing a water inlet main pipe and a water return main pipe;
communicating one end of the air return roadway and one end of the air inlet roadway to form a mining working surface;
erecting a mining working face hydraulic support in a mining working face, and arranging a water cooler on the mining working face hydraulic support;
two water coolers positioned at the edge part of a mining working face are correspondingly connected with a water inlet main pipe and a water return main pipe respectively, and the rest water coolers are connected by adopting a flexible connecting pipe which is connected with the water coolers by adopting a quick joint;
and supplying cooling water to the water inlet main pipe, enabling the cooling water to flow through the plurality of water coolers, so that heat of the mining working face is subjected to heat exchange with the cooling water pipes, the heat of the mining working face is taken away along with the flowing of the cooling water, and the cooling water flows out of the mining working face from the water return main pipe.
According to the multi-unit water cooling method for the longwall mining working face, preferably, the position of the mining working face hydraulic support changes when the mining working face is mined, and correspondingly, the water cooler moves along with the mining working face hydraulic support.
In the multi-unit water-cooling method for the longwall mining working face, preferably, the water inlet main pipe and the water return main pipe adjust the number of the pipe bodies along with the movement of the mining working face hydraulic support.
Has the advantages that: the invention has simple structure, stable and safe physical performance and obvious cooling effect; cooling water enters from the return airway and cools the mining working face through a plurality of water coolers, so that the thermal environment of the middle and rear sections of the working face can be better improved; the water cooler is correspondingly arranged on the front leg column of the hydraulic support of the mining face, so that a temperature difference barrier can be formed between the mining face and the pedestrian, and a cool sidewalk environment is created; the mining working face does not need to be additionally provided with large equipment, the mining speed cannot be influenced, and the cooling power has no noise pollution.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of a water cooler and a mining face hydraulic support provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a water cooler distribution provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a water cooler provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of fins provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-return airway; 2-a main water inlet pipe; 3-a water cooler; 31-a water inlet; 32-ribs; 33-straight pipe; 34-a bent pipe; 35-a valve; 36-a water outlet; 4-mining working face hydraulic support; 5-front leg column; 6-flexible connecting pipe; 7-end connecting pipe; 8-a water return main pipe; 9-pipe joint; 10-air inlet lane; 11-mining working face.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are for convenience of description of the present invention only and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "connected" and "connected" used herein should be interpreted broadly, and may include, for example, a fixed connection or a detachable connection; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intermediate members, and specific meanings of the above terms will be understood by those skilled in the art as appropriate.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention provides a multi-unit water cooling structure and a method for a longwall mining working face 11, wherein a water cooler 3 is arranged on the mining working face 11, cooling water is supplied to the water cooler 3, heat of the mining working face 11 is transferred to the cooling water in the water cooler 3 through heat exchange of the water cooler 3, and the heat of the mining working face 11 is carried away through circulation of the cooling water.
Referring to fig. 1-5, the cooling structure includes: the water inlet main pipe 2 is arranged along the return airway 1 of the mining working face 11 and is connected with the water inlet end of the water cooler 3; the water return main pipe 8 is arranged along an air inlet roadway 10 of a mining working surface 11 and is connected with a water return end of the water cooler 3; the water coolers 3 are multiple, and the multiple water coolers 3 are distributed at intervals and arranged on a hydraulic support 4 of a mining working face; the flexible connecting pipe 6 is used for communicating the water coolers 3; wherein, cooling water is supplied to the water cooler 3 through the water inlet main pipe 2, so that the heat of the mining working face 11 is in heat exchange with the cooling water, and the heat of the mining working face 11 is carried away along with the flow of the cooling water. The cooling water source in the water cooler 3 continuously takes away heat through the water inlet main pipe 2 and the water return main pipe 8, so that the temperature of the mining working face 11 is reduced.
The water coolers 3 are connected end to end through flexible connecting pipes, and cooling water passes through each water cooler 3 and then leaves a working surface through a return water main pipe 8 arranged on an air inlet roadway 10. The cooling water exchanges heat with hot air in the process of flowing through the mining working face 11, and the air temperature is reduced after heat absorption, so that the cooling effect is realized.
The flexible connecting pipe is a rubber hose or a corrugated pipe, preferably a corrugated pipe, so that the flexible connecting pipe has high pressure bearing capacity and ensures the smoothness of cooling water circulation.
In another embodiment of the present application, the water cooler 3 is a shell-and-tube radiator, and has a plurality of straight tubes 33, two ends of the straight tubes 33 are fixed by an elbow tube 34, and between any two adjacent straight tubes 33, one end of each of the two straight tubes 33 is communicated by the elbow tube 34, so that the cooling water flows along the straight tubes 33 and the elbow tubes 34 in a bow shape; wherein, the water inlet of the water cooler 3 is arranged on the upper edge of one side of the water cooler, and the water outlet 36 is arranged on the lower edge of the other side.
Specifically, the water cooler 3 is provided with a plurality of straight pipes 33 which are communicated in a bow shape through bent pipes 34, annular heat dissipation fins 32 are arranged on every 30mm of the straight pipes 33, the interval can prevent flying coal ash from attaching to the heat dissipation fins 32 and being difficult to clean, the fins can be ensured to play a heat exchange effect, and the height of each heat dissipation fin 32 is 20 mm; a ventilation gap is formed between any two adjacent straight pipes 33, and the ventilation gap is 50mm, so that the air flow heat exchange area is increased, and the resistance to the air flow in the mine is reduced; the two ends of the straight pipe 33 extend into the bent pipe 34 and are sealed and fixed, so that the cooling water of the whole water cooler 3 circulates in a bow shape. The water inlet 31 of the water cooler 3 is arranged at the upper part of one side of the water cooler, and the water outlet 36 is arranged at the lower part of the other side of the water cooler, so that the cooling water can flow from top to bottom in the water cooler 3 in general, and the fluid resistance in the pipe is reduced.
In another embodiment of the application, a plurality of water coolers 3 are correspondingly distributed among front leg columns 5 of a mining working face hydraulic support 4, and the arrangement number and the arrangement mode of the water coolers 3 are determined by calculation according to the cooling capacity requirement.
In another embodiment of the present application, the water inlet main pipe 2 and the water return main pipe 8 are both multi-section pipe bodies, and any two adjacent pipe bodies are connected by a pipe joint 9 capable of being inserted, so that the length of the water inlet main pipe 2 and the length of the water return main pipe 8 can be changed along with the movement of the water cooler 3. The number of the pipe joints can be increased or decreased when the mining working face hydraulic support 4 displaces along with the mining progress, so that the water cooler 3 displaces along with the mining working face hydraulic support 4.
The outer walls of the two ends of the pipe body are provided with external threads, and the inner walls of the two ends of the pipe joint 9 are provided with internal threads, so that the pipe body is connected with the pipe joint 9 through the threads, and the pipe joint is convenient to detach.
In another optional embodiment of the present application, the heat dissipating ribs 32 are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the straight pipe 33 of the water cooler 3, the heat exchanging efficiency is improved by the heat dissipating ribs 32, and the straight pipe 33 is a copper pipe and has the characteristics of corrosion resistance and good heat conductivity. The circular heat dissipation fins 32 are arranged on the straight pipe 33 every 30mm, the interval can prevent flying coal ash from attaching to the heat dissipation fins 32 and being difficult to clean, and the height of the heat dissipation fins 32 is 20mm, so that the heat dissipation efficiency is improved.
In another alternative embodiment of the present application, the water cooler 3 has a connection to removably connect to the face hydraulic support 4. The water cooler 3 is provided with a connecting piece which is detachably connected to a front leg column 5 of a working face mining working face hydraulic support 4. For example, the two ends of the water cooler 3 are provided with hooks and buckles, the hooks and the buckles can be hung on pipelines of the support, ears for fixing the hooks and the buckles can be arranged on the front leg columns 55, the hooks and the buckles are detachable, and the fixing mode is selected according to specific conditions.
The water return main pipe 8 and the water inlet main pipe 2 are correspondingly connected to the circulating cooling tower so as to circularly supply water to the water cooler 3.
The application also provides a method for cooling the longwall mining working face 11, which comprises the following steps: two tunnels are tunneled in the coal seam to serve as a return air tunnel 1 and an air intake tunnel 10 of a mining working face 11; the method comprises the following steps that pipelines are arranged in a return air lane 1 and an air inlet lane 10, a water inlet main pipe 2 and a water return main pipe 8 are arranged at the same time, specifically, after the return air lane 1 and the air inlet lane 10 are excavated, the pipelines such as circuits are arranged, meanwhile, the water inlet main pipe 2 and the water return main pipe 8 are arranged, and the return air lane 1 and the air inlet lane 10 are communicated at the end parts to form a mining working surface 11; erecting a mining working face hydraulic support 4 in a mining working face 11, and arranging a water cooler 3 on the mining working face hydraulic support 4;
the water cooler 3 is correspondingly connected with the water inlet main pipe 2 and the water return main pipe 8, and the water inlet main pipe 2 is supplied with cooling water, so that the cooling water flows through the water cooler 3, the heat of the mining working face 11 is transferred to the cooling water, and the heat generated by the mining working face 11 in the mining process is taken away.
On the basis of the original ventilation and cooling of the mining working face 11, a water cooler 3 is additionally arranged, the water cooler 3 can carry out heat transfer between the mining working face 11 and cooling water, so that the heat of the mining working face 11 is transferred to the cooling water in the mining working face, and the heat of the mining working face 11 is taken away along with the circulating flow of the cooling water; the water cooler 3 is used for cooling, so that the structure is simple, the physical performance is stable and safe, and the cooling effect is obvious;
cooling water enters from the return airway 1 and cools the mining working face 11 through the water cooler 3, so that the thermal environment of the middle and rear sections of the working face can be better improved; the cooling water and the airflow direction in the mine are opposite, so that the temperature of the airflow can be reduced, and the dual-loop cooling of the water and the air is realized.
In another alternative embodiment of the present application, the working face hydraulic support 4 undergoes a position change while the working face 11 is being driven, and correspondingly, the water cooler 3 moves along with the working face hydraulic support 4. The water cooler 3 is arranged on a front leg column 5 separating one mining working face hydraulic support 4, the water cooler 3 moves along with the mining working face hydraulic support 4, the water coolers 3 are connected end to end through connecting pipes, the water inlet end of the water cooler 3 close to one side of the air return lane 1 is connected with the water inlet main pipe 2, and the water return end of the water cooler 3 close to one side of the air inlet lane 10 is connected with the water return main pipe 8 through an end connecting pipe 7.
The water cooler 3 is arranged on each mining working face hydraulic support 4, so that the mining working face 11 has a large refrigerating area and a good refrigerating effect; the bracket is provided with the water cooler 3 to form a temperature difference barrier and create a cool environment for the bracket sidewalk; and large equipment is not provided, and the extraction speed is not influenced. The invention can obviously reduce the temperature of the longwall mining working face 11 of the high-temperature mine and improve the working environment of the heat-damaged mine.
In the working face moving process, the displacement of the water cooler 3 along with the hydraulic support 4 of the mining working face can be realized by increasing or reducing the number of the pipe bodies according to needs, and the pipe bodies are connected with the water cooler 3 through the pipe joints 9 between the pipe bodies and the pipe bodies, so that the water cooler is convenient to disassemble.
In another alternative embodiment of the present application, the water inlet main pipe 2 and the water return main pipe 8 are correspondingly connected to a circulating cooling tower to circularly supply water to the water cooler 3. The cooling water is conveyed to the working face through a water inlet main pipe 2 arranged in the return air tunnel 1, water coolers 3 are arranged on front leg columns 5 of all the hydraulic supports 4 of the working face, the water coolers 3 are connected end to end through flexible connecting pipes 6, and the inlet water leaves the working face through a water return main pipe 8 arranged in the air inlet tunnel 10 after passing through each water cooler 3. The cooling water exchanges heat with hot air in the process of flowing through the mining working face 11, and the air temperature is reduced after heat absorption, so that the cooling effect is realized.
The water coolers are correspondingly distributed among front leg columns of the hydraulic support of the mining working face, and the arrangement number and the arrangement mode of the water coolers are determined according to the cooling capacity requirement; under the condition of single ventilation, the heat taken away by the wind flow through the whole working surface is Q1After cold water cooling measures are taken, the temperature of the air flow outlet is reduced, and the heat taken away by the air flow is Q2The heat quantity difference is the cooling quantity Q provided by the cold water pipew；
(1) And (3) calculating the cooling capacity:
Q1and Q2Calculating according to a basic formula of convective heat transfer, namely a Newton cooling formula;
Q1＝K·Ah·(Th-tf) (1)
Q2＝K·Ah·(Th-t′f) (2)
Qw＝k1·(Q1-Q2) (3)
in the formula, Q1And Q2The heat before and after cooling, kW, respectively; qwkW is the cooling capacity required; k is the surface heat transfer coefficient of the wind current and the surrounding rock of the working surface, kW/(m)2·℃)；AhIs the total heat transfer area of the working face, m2；ThThe average temperature of the surface of the surrounding rock is DEG C; t is tfThe average temperature of wind current is adopted before water cooling; t is tfThe average temperature of the air flow after water cooling is adopted and is not more than 26 ℃ according to the specification; k is a radical of1The compensation coefficient is in the range of 1.1-1.3, which can be 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, etc., preferably 1.2, in consideration of the influence of cold loss, etc.;
(2) calculating cold water flow:
according to the following steps;
Qw＝SH·De·F·DT/60 (4)
in the formula, SH is the specific heat of water, and is 4.2kj/kg DEG C; de is the specific gravity of water and is 1 kg/L; f is flow, L/min; DT is the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the water cooler, tw2-tw1，℃；tw1Water temperature, deg.C, for the water cooler; t is tw2The water-cooling device return water temperature is DEG C;
(3) calculating the total heat transfer area of the water cooler:
the newton cooling formula is transformed to:
wherein A is the total heat transfer area of the water cooler, m2；KwIs the heat transfer coefficient of a water cooler pipeline, namely kW/(m)2DEG C.); d is the outer diameter of the pipeline and the unit is m; d is the inner diameter of the pipeline and is expressed in m; t is twIs the average temperature of water in the tube of the water cooler, ° C (t)w2+tw1)/2，a1Is the convective heat transfer coefficient of water and the inner wall of a pipeline, kW/(m)2·℃)；a2Is the heat convection coefficient of the outer wall of the pipeline and the air, kW/(m)2DEG C.); lambda is the heat conductivity coefficient of the tube wall, kW/(m DEG C);
(4) the number of the water coolers is calculated as
In the formula, N is the number of water coolers; s is the area of a single water cooler，m2；
(5) Area S calculation for a single water cooler
The surface area of a single water cooler comprises the surface area of the water cooler and the surface area of the matched flexible union pipe, wherein the surface area of the water cooler is formed by the surface area s of a single pipe1Surface area of fins s2The surface area of the matched flexible connecting pipe is s3(ii) a Then:
S＝k2·(s1+s2+s3) (9)
surface area s of single tube1The product of the single tube perimeter and the effective tube pass, the effective tube pass equals to the whole tube pass minus the thickness of the fins, and the whole tube pass comprises the water inlet and outlet lengths at the two ends of the water cooler, the straight tube length and the bent tube length, then s1Comprises the following steps:
s1＝π·D·(2l1+m·l2+m′*l3) (10)
wherein the length l of the elbow3Can be determined according to the length of the central line of the bent pipe l3Comprises the following steps:
therefore, equation (10) is converted into:
the fins have a height h, a width delta and a length (thickness) lcEach fin is penetrated by m straight pipes, the number of the fins is n, and the surface area s of each water cooler fin is2Is composed of
Each water cooler is provided with a soft connecting pipe, and the surface area s of the soft connecting pipe3Comprises the following steps:
s3＝π·D′·lr (14)
in the formula，k2The effective area coefficient is 0.7-1.0 in consideration of the contact degree between the water cooler and the air flow; s1Is the area of a single tube, m2；l1The length of the water inlet and outlet interface is m; l2Is the length of the straight pipe, and the unit is m; l3Is the length of the bent pipe, and the unit is m; m is the number of the straight pipes; m' is the number of the bent pipes; n is the number of the fins; h is the height of the fins, and the unit is m; delta is the width of the rib in m; lcLength (thickness) of the fins in m; lrThe length of the flexible coupling pipe is m; d' is the diameter of the hose, and the unit is m.
The cooling water temperature is as low as possible and can be estimated based on the maximum temperature of the mining face 11 and the heat source and heat quantity. When the cooling water enters the return water main pipe 8, the temperature cannot be higher than the temperature of the inlet air flow.
For example: (1) surface heat transfer coefficient of wind current and surrounding rock of working surface is 5 x 10-4kW/(m2·℃)；AhIs the total heat transfer area of the working face, i.e. the product of the length and the perimeter of the working face is 200 x 28m2；ThThe average temperature of the surface of the surrounding rock is 35 ℃; t is tfThe average temperature of wind current before water cooling is adopted, and is 30 ℃; t is tfThe average temperature of the air flow after water cooling is adopted and is not more than 26 ℃ according to the specification; coefficient k1Take 1.2.
Through calculation, the cold requirement for cooling cold water is as follows:
Qw＝1.2·(25.2-14)＝13.44kW
(2) calculating a formula according to the flow of the cold water: SH is the specific heat of water, 4.2kj/kg DEG C; de is the specific gravity of water and is 1 kg/L; DT is the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the water cooler, tw2-tw1DEG C; let tw1Supplying water to a water cooler at a temperature of 10 ℃; t is tw2The water return temperature of the water cooler is 26 ℃.
The cold water flow in the water cooler tubes can be calculated as:
(3) calculating the total heat transfer area of the water cooler:
d is the outer diameter of the pipeline, and is 0.05 m; d is the inner diameter of the pipeline, and is 0.048 m; a is1Is the convective heat transfer coefficient of water and the inner wall of the pipeline, and is 0.6 kW/(m)2·℃)；a2Is the heat convection coefficient between the outer wall of the pipeline and the air, and is 0.016 kW/(m)2DEG C.); lambda is the thermal conductivity coefficient of the tube wall, 0.00018 kW/(m.DEG C).
The heat transfer coefficient K of the water cooler pipelinew
Average temperature t of water in water cooler tubewIs (26+10)/2 ═ 18 DEG C
The total heat transfer area a of the water cooler is:
length l of water inlet and outlet10.05m, straight tube length l20.9m, bent tube length l30.0785m, 5 straight pipes, 4 bent pipes, 30 fins, 0.49m of single fin height, 0.002m of fin width delta and l of fin length (thickness)c0.09m, length l of the hoserIs 5 m. The diameter D' of the flexible connecting pipe is 0.025 m. Area coefficient k20.8, the area S of one set of water coolers is:
S＝k2·(s1+s2+s3)＝0.8·(0.7265+2.1268+0.3925)＝2.5967m2
the number N of the water coolers is
It can be calculated that 42 water coolers can be arranged for a working surface with the length of 200m, and the flow rate of the water coolers is 12L/min, namely 0.2L/s.
If the width of the working face bracket is 1.5m, 133 brackets are arranged on the 200m working face, and 42 water coolers are arranged, 1 water cooler can be arranged every 2 brackets.
In this embodiment, each water cooler 3 may be provided with a first temperature sensing probe for detecting the temperature of cooling water inside the water cooler 3, labeling each water cooler 3, and transmitting the monitoring data of each temperature sensing probe to the control center in a wired or wireless manner, the control center is provided with a display screen, and the temperature of each water cooler 3 is monitored visually through the display screen, so that when the temperature of a certain water cooler 3 is abnormal, the temperature sensing probes are found and maintained in time;
in some embodiments, two flexible connecting pipes 6 are provided, each of the two flexible connecting pipes extends along the mining working face 11, one end of one flexible connecting pipe 6 is communicated with the water inlet main pipe 2, and the other end is closed; one end of the other flexible connecting pipe is connected with the water return main pipe 8, and the other end is closed; the water inlets 31 of the water coolers 3 are connected with the soft connecting pipes 6 corresponding to the water inlet main pipes 2, the water outlets 36 of the water coolers 3 are connected with the soft connecting pipes 6 corresponding to the water return main pipes 8, so that the water coolers 3 are connected in parallel, and other water coolers 3 can be normally used when one water cooler 3 is overhauled. The water coolers are connected through the flexible connecting pipes 6, so that the water coolers can move along with the hydraulic support of the mining working face conveniently.
Besides, a plurality of interfaces are distributed on the hose connecting pipe 6 at equal intervals so as to increase or reduce the number of the water coolers 3. The control valve corresponding to the water cooler is arranged on the interface, and simple maintenance can be realized by controlling the valve. The flexible connecting pipe can be provided with a three-way interface as an interface for connecting a water cooler.
In summary, according to the multi-unit water-cooling structure and the method for the longwall mining working face 11, the plurality of water coolers 3 are additionally arranged on the basis of the original ventilation cooling, cooling water is supplied to the water coolers 3 through the underground cooling water refrigerating unit (circulating cooling tower) so as to cool the longwall mining working face 11 through water cooling, the principle is reliable, the cost is low, the effect is obvious, and the longwall mining working face 11 can be effectively cooled through the water cooling. It should be understood that the above description is only exemplary, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit the present invention.
The above description is only exemplary of the invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the invention is intended to be covered by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a longwall mining working face polycell water-cooling structure which characterized in that, cooling structure includes:
the water inlet main pipe is arranged along a return airway of the mining working face and is connected with a water inlet end of the water cooler;
the water return main pipe is arranged along an air inlet roadway of the mining working face and is connected with a water return end of the water cooler;
the water coolers are distributed at intervals and are arranged on a hydraulic support of a mining working face;
the flexible connecting pipe is used for communicating the water coolers;
and cooling water is supplied to the water cooler through the water inlet main pipe, so that heat of the mining working face is exchanged with the cooling water, and the heat of the mining working face is carried away along with the flowing of the cooling water.
2. The longwall mining face multi-unit water-cooling structure according to claim 1, wherein the water cooler is a shell-and-tube radiator, and is provided with a plurality of straight tubes, two ends of each straight tube are fixedly communicated through a bent tube, and one end of each two straight tubes is communicated through the bent tube between any two adjacent straight tubes, so that cooling water flows along the straight tubes and the bent tubes in a bow shape;
wherein, the water inlet of the water cooler is arranged on the upper edge of one side of the water cooler, the water outlet is arranged on the lower edge of the other side, and the water inlet and the water outlet are provided with valves.
3. The longwall mining working face multi-unit water-cooling structure according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of water coolers are correspondingly distributed between front leg columns of a mining working face hydraulic support, and the arrangement number and the arrangement mode of the water coolers are determined according to cooling capacity requirements;
under the condition of single ventilation, the heat taken away by the wind flow through the whole working surface is Q1After cold water cooling measures are taken, the temperature of the air flow outlet is reduced, and the heat taken away by the air flow is Q2The heat quantity difference is the cooling quantity Q provided by the cold water pipew；
(1) And (3) calculating the cooling capacity:
Q1and Q2Calculating according to a basic formula of convective heat transfer, namely a Newton cooling formula;
Q1＝K·Ah·(Th-tf) (1)
Q2＝K·Ah·(Th-t′f) (2)
Qw＝k1·(Q1-Q2) (3)
in the formula, Q1And Q2The heat before and after cooling, kW, respectively; qwkW is the cooling capacity required; k is the surface heat transfer coefficient of the wind current and the surrounding rock of the working surface, kW/(m)2·℃)；AhIs the total heat transfer area of the working face, m2；ThThe average temperature of the surface of the surrounding rock is DEG C; t is tfThe average temperature of wind current is adopted before water cooling; t is tfThe average temperature of the air flow after water cooling is adopted and is not more than 26 ℃ according to the specification; k is a radical of1The compensation coefficient takes the influence of cold loss and the like into consideration, and the range is 1.1-1.3;
(2) calculating cold water flow:
the flow in the water cooler pipe can be calculated according to a cold demand formula;
Qw＝SH·De·F·DT/60 (4)
in the formula, SH is the specific heat of water, and is 4.2kj/kg DEG C; de is the specific gravity of water and is 1 kg/L; f is flow, L/min; DT is the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the water cooler, tw2-tw1，℃；tw1Water temperature, deg.C, for the water cooler; t is tw2The water-cooling device return water temperature is DEG C;
(3) calculating the total heat transfer area of the water cooler:
the newton cooling formula is transformed to:
wherein A is the total heat transfer area of the water cooler, m2；KwIs the heat transfer coefficient of a water cooler pipeline, namely kW/(m)2DEG C.); d is the outer diameter of the pipeline and the unit is m; d is the inner diameter of the pipeline and is expressed in m; t is twIs the average temperature of water in the tube of the water cooler, ° C (t)w2+tw1)/2，a1Is the convective heat transfer coefficient of water and the inner wall of a pipeline, kW/(m)2·℃)；a2Is the heat convection coefficient of the outer wall of the pipeline and the air, kW/(m)2DEG C.); lambda is the heat conductivity coefficient of the tube wall, kW/(m DEG C);
(4) the number of the water coolers is calculated as
In the formula, N is the number of water coolers; s is the area of a single water cooler, m2；
(5) Area S calculation for a single water cooler
The surface area of a single water cooler comprises the surface area of the water cooler and the surface area of the matched flexible union pipe, wherein the surface area of the water cooler is formed by the surface area s of a single pipe1Surface area of fins s2The surface area of the matched flexible connecting pipe is s3(ii) a Then:
S＝k2·(s1+s2+s3) (9)
surface area s of single tube1The product of the single tube perimeter and the effective tube pass, the effective tube pass equals to the whole tube pass minus the thickness of the fins, and the whole tube pass comprises the water inlet and outlet lengths at the two ends of the water cooler, the straight tube length and the bent tube length, then s1Comprises the following steps:
s1＝π·D·(2l1+m·l2+m′*l3) (10)
wherein the length l of the elbow3Can be determined according to the length of the central line of the bent pipe l3Comprises the following steps:
therefore, equation (10) is converted into:
the fins have a height h, a width delta and a length (thickness) lcEach fin is penetrated by m single tubes, the number of the fins is n, and the surface area s of each water cooler fin is2Is composed of
Each water cooler is provided with a soft connecting pipe, and the surface area s of the soft connecting pipe3Comprises the following steps:
s3＝π·D′·lr (14)
in the formula, k2The effective area coefficient is 0.7-1.0 in consideration of the contact degree between the water cooler and the air flow; s1Is the area of a single tube, m2；l1The length of the water inlet and outlet interface is m; l2Is the length of the straight pipe, and the unit is m; l3Is the length of the bent pipe, and the unit is m; m is the number of the straight pipes; m' is the number of the bent pipes; n is the number of the fins; h is the height of the fins, and the unit is m; delta is the width of the rib in m; lcLength (thickness) of the fins in m; lrThe length of the flexible coupling pipe is m; d' is the diameter of the hose, and the unit is m.
4. The longwall mining face multi-unit water-cooling structure of claim 1, wherein the water inlet main pipe and the water return main pipe each comprise a plurality of sections of pipe bodies, and the plurality of sections of pipe bodies are connected by pipe joints to change the length along with the movement of the water cooler;
the pipe joint is in threaded connection with the pipe body.
5. The longwall mining working face multi-unit water-cooling structure according to claim 1, wherein heat dissipation fins are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the straight pipe of the water cooler; the straight pipe is a copper pipe.
6. The longwall mining face multi-unit water-cooling temperature reduction structure according to claim 1, wherein the water cooler is provided with a connecting piece to be detachably connected to the mining face hydraulic support.
7. The multi-unit water-cooling temperature reduction structure for the longwall mining working face according to claim 1, wherein the water return main pipe and the water inlet main pipe are correspondingly connected to a circulating cooling tower so as to supply circulating water to the water cooler.
8. A multi-unit water cooling method for a longwall mining working surface is characterized by comprising the following steps:
tunneling two roadways in the coal seam to serve as a return airway and an air inlet airway of a mining working face;
arranging pipelines in the air return lane and the air inlet lane and simultaneously respectively installing a water inlet main pipe and a water return main pipe;
communicating one end of the air return roadway and one end of the air inlet roadway to form a mining working surface;
erecting a mining working face hydraulic support in a mining working face, and arranging a water cooler on the mining working face hydraulic support;
two water coolers positioned at the edge part of a mining working face are correspondingly connected with a water inlet main pipe and a water return main pipe respectively, and the rest water coolers are connected by adopting a flexible connecting pipe which is connected with the water coolers by adopting a quick joint;
and supplying cooling water to the water inlet main pipe, enabling the cooling water to flow through the plurality of water coolers, so that heat of the mining working face is subjected to heat exchange with the cooling water pipes, the heat of the mining working face is taken away along with the flowing of the cooling water, and the cooling water flows out of the mining working face from the water return main pipe.
9. The longwall mining face multi-unit water cooling method according to claim 7, wherein the position of the mining face hydraulic support changes while the mining face is being stoped, and correspondingly, the water cooler moves along with the mining face hydraulic support.
10. The longwall mining working surface multi-unit water-cooling method according to claim 7, wherein the water inlet main pipe and the water return main pipe adjust the number of pipe bodies along with movement of a mining working surface hydraulic support.
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