CN114196847A - Porous nickel-titanium alloy, preparation method and application thereof, and porous nickel-titanium alloy component - Google Patents

Porous nickel-titanium alloy, preparation method and application thereof, and porous nickel-titanium alloy component Download PDF

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CN114196847A
CN114196847A CN202111547527.2A CN202111547527A CN114196847A CN 114196847 A CN114196847 A CN 114196847A CN 202111547527 A CN202111547527 A CN 202111547527A CN 114196847 A CN114196847 A CN 114196847A
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titanium alloy
nickel
porous nickel
laser
porous
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CN114196847B (en
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王协彬
席瑞
姜浩
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SUZHOU RESEARCH INSTITUTE SHANDONG UNIVERSITY
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SUZHOU RESEARCH INSTITUTE SHANDONG UNIVERSITY
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention discloses a porous nickel-titanium alloy, a preparation method and application thereof, and a porous nickel-titanium alloy component, relates to the field of alloys, and aims to solve the technical problem that the mechanical property of the porous nickel-titanium alloy prepared in the prior art is poor. The porous nickel-titanium alloy provided by the embodiment of the invention is prepared by the following method: preparing the porous nickel-titanium alloy from nickel-titanium pre-alloy powder by using a selective laser melting method under the condition of inert gas, wherein the selective laser melting method adopts a first laser energy density; the first laser fluence is at least 3 times greater than a second laser fluence, wherein the second laser fluence is the laser fluence required to produce a dense nickel-titanium alloy having a relative density greater than or equal to 99%. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the porous nickel-titanium alloy. The porous nickel-titanium alloy provided by the invention is used in orthopedic implants.

Description

Porous nickel-titanium alloy, preparation method and application thereof, and porous nickel-titanium alloy component
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of alloys, in particular to a porous nickel-titanium alloy, a preparation method and application thereof, and a porous nickel-titanium alloy component.
Background
The porous nickel-titanium alloy as a shape memory alloy not only has the characteristics of shape memory effect and superelasticity, but also has lower elastic modulus, and can be used as an orthopedic implant to reduce the stress shielding effect caused by larger modulus difference. The porous nickel-titanium alloy also has the advantages of small specific gravity and good energy absorption performance.
In the prior art, porous nickel-titanium alloy is prepared by adding pore-forming agents into Ni element powder and Ti element powder and sintering the powders. The powder sintering method can generate a large amount of Ti in the sintering process2Ni or Ni3Ti and other intermediate compounds cause serious deterioration of the mechanical property of the nickel-titanium alloy, and impurities are introduced into the nickel-titanium alloy due to the addition of the pore-forming agent, so that the mechanical property of the nickel-titanium alloy is further reduced. Meanwhile, the powder sintering method is difficult to prepare porous nickel-titanium alloy with complex geometric structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a porous nickel-titanium alloy, a preparation method and application thereof, and a porous nickel-titanium alloy component, so as to solve the technical problem that the mechanical property of the prepared porous nickel-titanium alloy is poor.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the embodiment of the invention provides a porous nickel-titanium alloy which is characterized by being prepared by the following method:
preparing the porous nickel-titanium alloy from nickel-titanium pre-alloy powder by using a selective laser melting method under the condition of inert gas, wherein the selective laser melting method adopts a first laser energy density;
the first laser fluence is at least 3 times the second laser fluence,
the second laser energy density is that the relative density of the prepared nickel-titanium alloy is greater than or equal to 99%, the laser selective melting technology in additive manufacturing is adopted, pore forming of the nickel-titanium alloy can be carried out in the inert gas condition on the premise of not introducing a pore-forming agent, and performance deterioration and oxidation caused by the pore-forming agent can be avoided from influencing the mechanical property of the nickel-titanium alloy. Yet another advantage of additive manufacturing is that porous nitinol components with complex geometries can be prepared, which is generally simpler to prepare by conventional methods.
The porous nickel-titanium alloy is prepared by the selective laser melting method, and the laser energy density is increased to at least 3 times of the second laser energy density, so that air holes can be introduced into the nickel-titanium alloy, and the porous nickel-titanium alloy can be obtained. This is in contrast to conventional wisdom that void defects within laser additive manufactured materials are generally accepted by the public as defects that severely degrade material performance and are to be avoided. The embodiment of the invention overcomes the technical bias, and firstly proposes that the porous nickel-titanium alloy obtained by utilizing the laser additive manufacturing process has good mechanical properties, particularly tensile properties by improving the laser energy density of the selective laser melting method.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the porous nickel-titanium alloy, which is used for preparing the nickel-titanium alloy, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
the preparation method of the porous nickel-titanium alloy comprises the following steps:
preparing the porous nickel-titanium alloy from nickel-titanium pre-alloy powder by using a selective laser melting method under the condition of inert gas, wherein the selective laser melting method adopts a first laser energy density.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the porous nickel-titanium alloy has the following advantages:
the preparation method of the porous nickel-titanium alloy has the same advantages as those of the porous nickel-titanium alloy, and is not repeated herein.
The invention also provides application of the porous nickel-titanium alloy in shape memory materials, or application of the porous nickel-titanium alloy prepared by the preparation method of the porous nickel-titanium alloy in shape memory materials.
Compared with the prior art, the application of the porous nickel-titanium alloy in the shape memory material, or the application of the porous nickel-titanium alloy prepared by the preparation method of the porous nickel-titanium alloy in the shape memory material has the following advantages:
the application of the porous nickel-titanium alloy in the shape memory material is the same as the advantages of the porous nickel-titanium alloy, and the detailed description is omitted.
The invention also provides a porous nickel-titanium alloy component which is manufactured by adopting the porous nickel-titanium alloy or the preparation method of the porous nickel-titanium alloy.
Compared with the prior art, the porous nickel-titanium alloy member has the following advantages:
the advantages of the porous nitinol component of the present invention are the same as those of the porous nitinol component described above, and are not described herein again.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a schematic metallographic representation of a compact nickel titanium alloy of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a metallographic schematic of porous nickel titanium alloy of example 1 of the present disclosure.
FIG. 3 is a schematic drawing of the tensile curves of the dense nickel titanium alloy of the present disclosure and the porous nickel titanium alloy of example 1.
Fig. 4 is a metallographic schematic of porous nitinol alloy of example 2 of the present disclosure.
FIG. 5 is a schematic drawing of the tensile curves of the dense nickel titanium alloy of the present disclosure and the porous nickel titanium alloy of example 2.
FIG. 6 is a metallographic representation of porous nickel titanium alloy of example 3 of the present disclosure.
FIG. 7 is a metallographic representation of porous nickel titanium alloy of example 4 of the disclosure.
Detailed Description
The present disclosure will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not to be construed as limitations of the present disclosure. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only the portions relevant to the present disclosure are shown in the drawings.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict. The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
Laser Selective Melting (Selective Laser Melting, abbreviated SLM, or Laser Powder Bed Fusion, abbreviated LPBF) is an additive manufacturing technique based on lasers and Powder beds.
And the laser energy density is used for representing the laser energy in the selective laser melting forming process. The method is a numerical value obtained by calculating according to the parameters of the selective laser melting process, such as laser power, laser scanning speed, laser scanning distance (namely the distance between two parallel laser scanning paths), powder laying layer thickness and the like, and comprises the following steps: laser energy density is laser power ÷ (scanning speed × scanning pitch × powder layer thickness).
The porous nickel-titanium alloy integrates the characteristics of shape memory effect, superelasticity and the like of the shape memory alloy, and the nickel-titanium alloy has the characteristics of low modulus and the like (30-90GPa), so that the stress shielding effect of orthopedic implants such as titanium alloy (the elastic modulus is higher than 110GPa) and the like caused by large modulus difference can be relieved. The elastic modulus of the prepared porous nickel-titanium alloy can be further reduced, and the stress shielding effect can be further relieved when the porous nickel-titanium alloy is used as an implant.
The existing process for preparing the porous nickel-titanium alloy adopts a powder sintering process, and a large amount of intermediate compounds and/or impurities introduced by pore-forming agents can seriously deteriorate the mechanical property of the porous nickel-titanium alloy. Meanwhile, the influence of oxygen cannot be avoided, and the prepared porous nickel-titanium alloy member has the defect of simple structure.
In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a porous nickel titanium alloy, which is characterized in that the porous nickel titanium alloy is prepared by the following method:
preparing the porous nickel-titanium alloy from nickel-titanium pre-alloy powder by using a selective laser melting method under the condition of inert gas, wherein the selective laser melting method adopts a first laser energy density; the first laser fluence is at least 3 times greater than a second laser fluence, wherein the second laser fluence is the laser fluence required to produce a dense nickel-titanium alloy having a relative density greater than or equal to 99%.
When the nickel-titanium alloy material is processed by the selective laser melting method, the embodiment of the invention takes the laser energy density as a measurement index. In order to obtain a dense nitinol material with a high density (relative density > 99%), the relative density of the material generally increases with the increase of the laser fluence, there is a specific energy range to maximize the density of the material, which is a benchmark for the embodiment of the present invention, by increasing the first laser fluence by at least 3 times the second laser fluence, by changing the conventional wisdom, the mechanically superior porous nitinol material required by the present invention is obtained. It is understood that the second laser fluence for preparing the dense nitinol is based on the selective laser melting method for preparing the porous nitinol using the same equipment, the same nitinol pre-alloy, and the same manufacturing conditions, and the specific equipment model is not limited herein. In some embodiments, the dense nickel titanium alloy is prepared by the following method: and under the condition of inert gas, using a selective laser melting method to prepare the nickel-titanium prealloy powder into compact nickel-titanium alloy by adopting the second laser energy density.
The first laser energy density for preparing the porous nickel-titanium alloy in the embodiment of the invention is improved to 3 times or more compared with the second laser energy density for preparing the compact nickel-titanium alloy, and the selective laser melting energy density can be improved by a method of improving the laser power, reducing the scanning speed or reducing the scanning interval, for example. Under the condition of high energy density, the molten pool is too deep, and in the solidification process, gas in the molten pool cannot escape in time, so that keyhole is formed. This is in contrast to the conventional recognized additive manufacturing process that generates void defects that severely degrade the mechanical properties of the material.
Considering the second laser fluence for preparing dense nickel titanium alloy (relative density > 99%) as the basis for the first laser fluence of the invention, the parameters of the selective laser melting method for preparing dense nickel titanium alloy are a laser power of 50-300W, and/or a laser scanning speed of 100-5000mm/s, and/or a laser scanning pitch of 10-150 μm, and/or a powder layer thickness of 30-60 μm, optionally 30 μm.
In view of the sensitivity of nitinol to oxygen, the oxygen content in the forming chamber needs to be tightly controlled during the additive manufacturing process in order to avoid the adverse effect of ultra-high energy density on the mechanical properties of nitinol. The oxygen content in the chamber of the melting equipment in the laser selective area needs to be reduced as much as possible, and when the inert gas condition is that the oxygen content is less than or equal to 5ppm, the deterioration of the mechanical property of the porous nickel-titanium alloy caused by oxidation in the forming process of the porous nickel-titanium alloy can be avoided.
In order to realize the lowest oxygen content in the bin of the selective laser melting equipment, the embodiment of the invention adopts a mode of vacuumizing and filling inert gas to reduce the oxygen content. And the oxygen content in the chamber is reduced by repeating the above process (vacuuming, filling with inert gas) at least 4 times. The inert gas here may be argon or the like. Specifically, the forming chamber was first evacuated to less than-900 mbar and then charged with high purity argon (purity > 99.999%) and the pressure of the argon in the chamber was allowed to exceed 20 mbar. This process is repeated 4 times or more so that the oxygen content in the chamber is less than or equal to 5ppm before the laser is turned on.
In certain embodiments, the nickel-titanium prealloyed powder described above has a nickel content of 49.0% to 51.0% by atomic fraction, illustratively, optionally 49% to 50%, 50.1% to 51.0%, etc. The adoption of the nickel-titanium prealloying powder with the atomic ratio is beneficial to obtaining the porous nickel-titanium alloy with good mechanical property.
In some embodiments, the porosity of the porous nitinol may be 5% to 12%, that is, the relative density is 88% to 95%, and optionally the porosity is 5% to 10%, and the porous nitinol with the porosity has good tensile properties, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, the porous nitinol with the relative density of 91% and 95% has good tensile properties.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the porous nickel-titanium alloy, which is used for preparing the porous nickel-titanium alloy, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
preparing the porous nickel-titanium alloy from nickel-titanium pre-alloy powder by using a selective laser melting method under the condition of inert gas, wherein the selective laser melting method adopts a first laser energy density.
Compared with the prior art, the preparation method of the porous nickel-titanium alloy provided by the embodiment of the invention has the same beneficial effects as those of the porous nickel-titanium alloy provided by the embodiment, and the details are not repeated herein.
The invention also provides application of the porous nickel-titanium alloy in shape memory materials, or application of the porous nickel-titanium alloy prepared by the preparation method of the porous nickel-titanium alloy in shape memory materials.
It is understood that the shape memory material is not limited to porous nickel-titanium alloy, and the preparation method of the porous nickel-titanium alloy of the present invention is also applicable to other alloy systems such as Au-Cd, Ag-Cd, Cu-Zn-Al, Cu-Zn-Sn, Cu-Zn-Si, Cu-Sn, Cu-Zn-Ga, In-Ti, Au-Cu-Zn, NiAl, Fe-Pt, Ti-Ni-Pd, Ti-Nb, U-Nb, Fe-Mn-Si, etc., and is within the scope of the present invention.
The invention also provides a porous nickel-titanium alloy component which is manufactured by adopting the porous nickel-titanium alloy or the preparation method of the porous nickel-titanium alloy.
Compared with the prior art, the porous nickel-titanium alloy member has the following advantages:
the advantages of the porous nitinol component of the present invention are the same as those of the porous nitinol component described above, and are not described herein again.
Several examples of porous nitinol alloys are given below, and tensile properties and relative density measurements were made for some of them. Of these, the nickel titanium alloys of comparative example and example were each prepared in a cubic form of not less than 10mm × 10mm × 10mm, and the density of the cubic form was measured by the drainage method.
Comparative example 1
(1) Selecting nickel-titanium binary prealloy powder with nickel content of 50.6 at.% (atomic fraction);
(2) the nickel titanium prealloy powder is placed into a bin of a selective laser melting device, and then the atmosphere of a forming bin is prepared in a vacuum-argon filling mode. The forming chamber was first evacuated to-910 mbar and then charged with high purity argon (purity > 99.999%) at a pressure of 25 mbar. This process was repeated 6 times so that the oxygen content in the bin was <1ppm before the laser was turned on.
(3) The technological parameters for preparing the compact nickel-titanium alloy with the relative density of 99.5 percent are as follows: the laser power is 200W, the laser scanning speed is 1300mm/s, the laser scanning interval is 80 mu m, the powder laying layer thickness is 30 mu m, and the corresponding laser energy density is 64J/mm3。
Example 1
(1) Selecting nickel-titanium binary prealloy powder with nickel content of 50.6 at.% (atomic fraction);
(2) the nickel titanium prealloy powder is placed into a bin of a selective laser melting device, and then the atmosphere of a forming bin is prepared in a vacuum-argon filling mode. The forming chamber was first evacuated to-910 mbar and then charged with high purity argon (purity > 99.999%) at a pressure of 25 mbar. This process was repeated 6 times so that the oxygen content in the bin was <1ppm before the laser was turned on.
(3) The technological parameters for preparing the porous nickel-titanium alloy are as follows: the laser power is 200W, the laser scanning speed is 400mm/s, the laser scanning interval is 80 mu m, the powder laying layer thickness is 30 mu m, and the corresponding laser energy density is 208J/mm3. The relative density was found to be 91.0%, i.e. the porosity was 9.0%.
Example 2
(1) Selecting nickel-titanium binary prealloy powder with nickel content of 50.6 at.% (atomic fraction);
(2) the nickel titanium prealloy powder is placed into a bin of a selective laser melting device, and then the atmosphere of a forming bin is prepared in a vacuum-argon filling mode. The forming chamber was first evacuated to-910 mbar and then charged with high purity argon (purity > 99.999%) at a pressure of 25 mbar. This process was repeated 4 times so that the oxygen content in the chamber was 5ppm before the laser was turned on.
(3) The technological parameters for preparing the porous nickel-titanium alloy are as follows: the laser power is 185W, the laser scanning speed is 700mm/s, the laser scanning interval is 40 mu m, the powder laying layer thickness is 30 mu m, and the corresponding laser energy density is 220J/mm3. The relative density was measured to be 95.0%, i.e., the porosity was 5.0%.
Example 3
(1) Selecting nickel-titanium binary prealloy powder with nickel content of 50.8 at.% (atomic fraction);
(2) the nickel titanium prealloy powder is placed into a bin of a selective laser melting device, and then the atmosphere of a forming bin is prepared in a vacuum-argon filling mode. The forming chamber was first evacuated to-910 mbar and then charged with high purity argon (purity > 99.999%) at a pressure of 20 mbar. This process was repeated 6 times so that the oxygen content in the bin was <1ppm before the laser was turned on.
(3) The technological parameters for preparing the porous nickel-titanium alloy are as follows: the laser power is 140W, the laser scanning speed is 200mm/s, the laser scanning interval is 80 mu m, the powder laying layer thickness is 30 mu m, and the corresponding laser energy density is 292J/mm3. The relative density was measured to be 90.6%, i.e., the porosity was 9.4%.
Example 4
(1) Selecting nickel-titanium binary prealloy powder with nickel content of 50.8 at.% (atomic fraction);
(2) the nickel titanium prealloy powder is placed into a bin of a selective laser melting device, and then the atmosphere of a forming bin is prepared in a vacuum-argon filling mode. The forming chamber was first evacuated to-910 mbar and then charged with high purity argon (purity > 99.999%) at a pressure of 20 mbar. This process was repeated 6 times so that the oxygen content in the bin was <1ppm before the laser was turned on.
(3) The technological parameters for preparing the porous nickel-titanium alloy are as follows: the laser power is 180W, the laser scanning speed is 200mm/s, the laser scanning interval is 80 mu m, the powder laying layer thickness is 30 mu m, and the corresponding laser energy density is 375J/mm3. The relative density was measured to be 90.0%, i.e., the porosity was 10.0%.
Referring to fig. 2, 4, 6 and 7, the metallographic photographs of the porous nitinol alloys of examples 1 to 4 show that the pores formed are uniformly distributed throughout the alloy material phase, and the tensile properties are not deteriorated by the large number of pores because the pores are uniformly distributed. This is also evident from the comparison of the tensile property test curves of fig. 3 and 5, that the porous nitinol of the examples of the present invention has excellent mechanical properties. The laser fluence of examples 1-4 was at least 3 times greater than the laser fluence of the dense nickel titanium alloy prepared in comparative example 1, and it was shown from the metallographic photographs of the alloy of comparative example of fig. 1 that no porosity was produced, whereas the metallographic photographs of the alloy of examples 1-4 were all filled with porosity.
Therefore, according to the embodiment of the invention, the process method for forming pores in the nickel-titanium alloy by improving the laser energy density is environment-friendly and safe without using pore-forming agents, and the finally obtained porous nickel-titanium alloy has excellent mechanics, so that the cognition that the mechanical property of the material is deteriorated by the pores in the traditional laser additive manufacturing process is overturned.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment/mode," "some embodiments/modes," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment/mode or example is included in at least one embodiment/mode or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to be the same embodiment/mode or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments/modes or examples. Furthermore, the various embodiments/aspects or examples and features of the various embodiments/aspects or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without conflicting therewith.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments are merely for clarity of illustration of the disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. Other variations or modifications may occur to those skilled in the art, based on the foregoing disclosure, and are still within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. A porous nickel-titanium alloy is characterized by being prepared by the following method:
preparing the porous nickel-titanium alloy from nickel-titanium pre-alloy powder by using a selective laser melting method under the condition of inert gas, wherein the selective laser melting method adopts a first laser energy density;
the first laser fluence is at least 3 times the second laser fluence,
wherein the second laser energy density is the laser energy density required for preparing the compact nickel-titanium alloy with the relative density of more than or equal to 99%.
2. The porous nickel titanium alloy of claim 1, wherein the dense nickel titanium alloy is prepared by a method comprising: and under the condition of inert gas, using a selective laser melting method to prepare the dense nickel-titanium alloy from the nickel-titanium prealloy powder by adopting the second laser energy density.
3. The porous nickel titanium alloy of claim 1, wherein the dense nickel titanium alloy is prepared by a method comprising:
the laser power is 50W-300W, and/or,
the laser scanning speed is 100mm/s-5000mm/s, and/or,
the laser scanning pitch is 10 μm to 150 μm, and/or,
the powder layer has a thickness of 30-60 μm.
4. The porous nickel titanium alloy of claim 1, wherein the inert gas condition is an oxygen content of less than or equal to 5 ppm.
5. The porous nickel titanium alloy of claim 1, wherein the forming of the inert gas condition comprises evacuating and charging the inert gas, and the evacuating and charging the inert gas is repeated at least 4 times.
6. The porous nickel titanium alloy of claim 1, wherein the nickel titanium pre-alloy powder has a nickel content of 49.0 to 51.0 atomic percent.
7. The porous nickel titanium alloy of claim 1, wherein the porous nickel titanium alloy has a porosity of 5% to 12%.
8. A method of making the porous nickel titanium alloy of any one of claims 1 to 7, for use in the preparation of the porous nickel titanium alloy of any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprising:
preparing the porous nickel-titanium alloy from nickel-titanium pre-alloy powder by using a selective laser melting method under the condition of inert gas, wherein the selective laser melting method adopts a first laser energy density.
9. Use of the porous nickel titanium alloy of any one of claims 1 to 7 in a shape memory material, or use of the porous nickel titanium alloy prepared by the method of claim 8 in a shape memory material.
10. A porous nitinol component produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 or 8.
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