CN114195424B - Waterproof anti-crack concrete additive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Waterproof anti-crack concrete additive and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114195424B
CN114195424B CN202111575364.9A CN202111575364A CN114195424B CN 114195424 B CN114195424 B CN 114195424B CN 202111575364 A CN202111575364 A CN 202111575364A CN 114195424 B CN114195424 B CN 114195424B
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water
sodium
waterproof
reducing agent
entraining agent
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CN114195424A (en
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严新华
刘桂强
佘沛丰
李新国
李运伟
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Linyi Tianyuan Concrete Engineering Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
    • C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/60—Agents for protection against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2103/65—Water proofers or repellants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/76—Use at unusual temperatures, e.g. sub-zero
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a waterproof anti-crack concrete additive and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of building material additives. The waterproof anti-cracking concrete admixture comprises 20-30% of a water reducing agent, 10-15% of sodium gluconate, 0.05-0.3% of an air entraining agent, 0.05-2% of an acrylate copolymer, 0.01-1.5% of a sodium sulfonate polymer, 0.01-0.5% of cellulose ether, 0.01-0.5% of polypropylene fiber, 0.01-0.5% of a water repellent and the balance of water. The novel waterproof anti-crack concrete additive greatly improves the anti-freezing impermeability and the durability of concrete and prolongs the service life of concrete under the combined action of the raw materials. Meanwhile, the novel waterproof anti-crack concrete additive disclosed by the invention is simple and convenient in preparation method, low in cost and remarkable in economic benefit and social benefit.

Description

Waterproof anti-crack concrete additive and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building material admixtures, and particularly relates to a waterproof anti-crack concrete admixture and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Along with the development of building technology, the engineering quality is more and more emphasized, the engineering leakage problem is a great problem which puzzles the building industry for a long time, and China needs huge capital for waterproof maintenance every year due to the leakage of buildings, so that huge economic loss is caused to the country, and much inconvenience is brought to the lives of people. How to ensure the project quality, how to reduce the maintenance cost for the owners, and reduce the annoyance of the residents, and the waterproof project is an important link.
In order to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of concrete, a certain amount of functional additives, such as water-proofing agent, expanding agent, anti-cracking agent, etc., are usually added to the concrete, and the expanding components in such additives can compensate the shrinkage of the concrete, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing the concrete from drying and cracking. However, the expansion components in the additive are mostly calcium expansion agents taking calcium oxide and calcium sulphoaluminate as expansion sources, including calcium oxide expansion agents, calcium sulphoaluminate expansion agents, calcium oxide-calcium sulphoaluminate composite expansion agents and the like, the early hydration rate of the expansion agents is high, so that most of expansion energy is consumed in the concrete plasticity stage, the compensation shrinkage capacity is insufficient in an effective expansion window, the compensation period is short, the expected compensation shrinkage effect cannot be achieved, in addition, the expansion agents are usually expansion clinkers calcined at the high temperature of 1200-1420 ℃, and the calcined expansion clinkers not only need to consume huge energy, but also have serious influence on the environmental quality.
Therefore, the novel waterproof anti-cracking agent for the concrete has obvious waterproof anti-cracking effect, can effectively improve the comprehensive performance of the concrete, has good environmental protection property, meets the market demand, has wide market value and application prospect, and plays an important role in promoting the development of the building material industry. Meanwhile, the research on the waterproof anti-cracking admixture for the concrete has important practical significance on overcoming leakage of waterproof engineering, improving the quality of the waterproof engineering and improving the durability of the concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of poor waterproof and anti-cracking performance and serious engineering leakage of the concrete admixture in the prior art, the invention provides the novel waterproof and anti-cracking concrete admixture which has low cost, simple process and good anti-permeability performance and can obviously improve the durability of concrete.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the waterproof anti-crack concrete admixture is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20-30% of water reducing agent, 10-15% of sodium gluconate, 0.05-0.3% of air entraining agent, 0.05-2% of acrylate copolymer, 0.01-1.5% of sodium sulfonate polymer, 0.01-0.5% of cellulose ether, 0.01-0.5% of polypropylene fiber, 0.01-0.5% of water repellent and the balance of water, wherein the total amount of the raw materials is 100%.
Further, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent, and the solid content is 40%.
Further, the air-entraining agent is one or more of a polyether air-entraining agent, an alkyl benzene sulfonate air-entraining agent or a triterpenoid saponin air-entraining agent.
Further, the sodium sulfonate polymer is sodium polypropylene sulfonate and/or sodium polyethylene sulfonate.
Further, the water repellent is sodium methyl silicate and/or polyacrylate.
A preparation method of a waterproof and anti-crack concrete admixture comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
(2) And mixing the weighed water reducing agent, sodium gluconate, air entraining agent, acrylate copolymer, sodium sulfonate polymer, cellulose ether, polypropylene fiber, water repellent and water, and uniformly stirring.
The mixing amount of the admixture of the invention is 0.1-0.3% of the mass of the cement.
According to the invention, the acrylate copolymer is added as a modified material in the preparation of the waterproof and anti-crack concrete admixture, and the acrylate copolymer can generate a series of chemical reactions in substances to form a film with excellent impermeability, so that the impermeability pressure of the concrete is improved, the stress value of the concrete is increased, and the moisture permeation is reduced.
In the invention, the polypropylene/ethylene sulfonate is added in the preparation of the waterproof and anti-crack concrete admixture, and when cement is mixed with water, the active group-sulfonic group is easy to be mixed with Ca in a cement hydration product 2+ 、Al 3+ And the crosslinking reaction is generated to form a special bridge bond effect, so that the microstructure of the cement hardened slurry is improved, the internal stress is relieved, the generation of microcracks is reduced, and the compactness of concrete is enhanced. According to the invention, the cellulose ether is added in the preparation of the waterproof anti-crack concrete admixture, so that the consistency and the water-retaining property of the concrete can be improved, and the construction performance is improved. According to the invention, the polypropylene fiber is added in the preparation of the waterproof and anti-crack concrete admixture, so that the durability and impermeability of the concrete are improved. The water repellent is added in the preparation of the waterproof and anti-crack concrete admixture, so that the impermeability of the concrete is further improved, and the moisture absorption is reduced.
Advantageous effects
The novel waterproof anti-crack concrete additive greatly improves the anti-freezing and anti-permeability performance of concrete, improves the durability of the concrete and prolongs the service life of the concrete under the combined action of all raw materials. Meanwhile, the novel waterproof anti-crack concrete additive disclosed by the invention is simple and convenient in preparation method, low in cost and remarkable in economic benefit and social benefit.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but is not limited thereto.
Example 1
The waterproof anti-crack concrete admixture is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20% of water reducing agent, 10% of sodium gluconate, 0.05% of air entraining agent, 0.05% of acrylate copolymer, 0.01% of sodium sulfonate polymer, 0.01% of cellulose ether, 0.01% of polypropylene fiber, 0.01% of water repellent and the balance of water.
The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent, and the solid content is 40%.
The air entraining agent is polyether air entraining agent.
The sodium sulfonate polymer is sodium polypropylene sulfonate.
The water repellent is polyacrylate.
A preparation method of a waterproof and anti-crack concrete admixture comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
(2) And mixing the weighed water reducing agent, sodium gluconate, air entraining agent, acrylate copolymer, sodium sulfonate polymer, cellulose ether, polypropylene fiber, water repellent and water, and uniformly stirring.
Example 2
The waterproof anti-crack concrete admixture is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 25% of water reducing agent, 15% of sodium gluconate, 0.1% of air entraining agent, 0.2% of acrylate copolymer, 0.05% of sodium sulfonate polymer, 0.05% of cellulose ether, 0.15% of polypropylene fiber, 0.05% of water repellent and the balance of water.
The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent, and the solid content is 40%.
The air entraining agent is polyether air entraining agent.
The sodium sulfonate polymer is sodium polyvinyl sulfonate.
The water repellent is polyacrylate.
A preparation method of a waterproof and anti-crack concrete admixture comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
(2) And mixing the weighed water reducing agent, sodium gluconate, air entraining agent, acrylate copolymer, sodium sulfonate polymer, cellulose ether, polypropylene fiber, water repellent and water, and uniformly stirring.
Example 3
The waterproof anti-crack concrete admixture is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30% of water reducing agent, 10% of sodium gluconate, 0.3% of air entraining agent, 0.25% of acrylate copolymer, 0.05% of sodium sulfonate polymer, 0.03% of cellulose ether, 0.05% of polypropylene fiber, 0.01% of water repellent and the balance of water.
The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent, and the solid content is 40%.
The air entraining agent is polyether air entraining agent.
The sodium sulfonate polymer is sodium polypropylene sulfonate.
The water repellent is sodium methyl silicate.
A preparation method of a waterproof and anti-crack concrete admixture comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
(2) And mixing the weighed water reducing agent, sodium gluconate, air entraining agent, acrylate copolymer, sodium sulfonate polymer, cellulose ether, polypropylene fiber, water repellent and water, and uniformly stirring.
Example 4
The waterproof anti-crack concrete admixture is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 25% of water reducing agent, 15% of sodium gluconate, 0.1% of air entraining agent, 0.2% of acrylate copolymer, 0.1% of sodium sulfonate polymer, 0.05% of cellulose ether, 0.15% of polypropylene fiber, 0.05% of water repellent and the balance of water.
The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent, and the solid content is 40%.
The air entraining agent is triterpenoid saponin air entraining agent.
The sodium sulfonate polymer is sodium polyvinyl sulfonate.
The water repellent is polyacrylate.
A preparation method of a waterproof and anti-crack concrete admixture comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
(2) And mixing the weighed water reducing agent, sodium gluconate, air entraining agent, acrylate copolymer, sodium sulfonate polymer, cellulose ether, polypropylene fiber, water repellent and water, and uniformly stirring.
Example 5
The waterproof anti-crack concrete admixture is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 27% of water reducing agent, 12% of sodium gluconate, 0.2% of air entraining agent, 0.1% of acrylate copolymer, 0.15% of sodium sulfonate polymer, 0.05% of cellulose ether, 0.1% of polypropylene fiber, 0.05% of water repellent and the balance of water.
The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent, and the solid content is 40%.
The air entraining agent is alkyl benzene sulfonate.
The sodium sulfonate polymer is sodium polypropylene sulfonate.
The water repellent is polyacrylate.
A preparation method of a waterproof and anti-crack concrete admixture comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
(2) And mixing the weighed water reducing agent, sodium gluconate, air entraining agent, acrylate copolymer, sodium sulfonate polymer, cellulose ether, polypropylene fiber, water repellent and water, and uniformly stirring.
Example 6
The waterproof anti-crack concrete admixture is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30% of water reducing agent, 15% of sodium gluconate, 0.3% of air entraining agent, 2% of acrylate copolymer, 1.5% of sodium sulfonate polymer, 0.5% of cellulose ether, 0.5% of polypropylene fiber, 0.5% of water repellent and the balance of water.
The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent, and the solid content is 40%.
The air entraining agent is alkyl benzene sulfonate.
The sodium sulfonate polymer is sodium polyvinyl sulfonate.
The water repellent is sodium methyl silicate.
A preparation method of the waterproof and anti-crack concrete admixture comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
(2) And mixing the weighed water reducing agent, sodium gluconate, air entraining agent, acrylate copolymer, sodium sulfonate polymer, cellulose ether, polypropylene fiber, water repellent and water, and uniformly stirring.
Comparative example 1
The waterproof anti-crack concrete admixture is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30% of water reducing agent, 15% of sodium gluconate, 0.3% of air entraining agent, 1.5% of sodium sulfonate polymer, 0.5% of cellulose ether, 0.5% of polypropylene fiber, 0.5% of water repellent and the balance of water.
The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent, and the solid content is 40%.
The air entraining agent is alkyl benzene sulfonate.
The sodium sulfonate polymer is sodium polyvinyl sulfonate.
The water repellent is sodium methyl silicate.
A preparation method of the waterproof and anti-crack concrete admixture comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
(2) And mixing the weighed water reducing agent, sodium gluconate, air entraining agent, sodium sulfonate polymer, cellulose ether, polypropylene fiber, water repellent and water, and uniformly stirring.
This comparative example is the same as example 6 except that no acrylate copolymer is added.
Comparative example 2
The waterproof anti-crack concrete admixture is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30% of water reducing agent, 15% of sodium gluconate, 0.3% of air entraining agent, 2% of acrylate copolymer, 0.5% of cellulose ether, 0.5% of polypropylene fiber, 0.5% of water repellent and the balance of water.
The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent, and the solid content is 40%.
The air entraining agent is alkyl benzene sulfonate air entraining agent.
The water repellent is sodium methyl silicate.
A preparation method of the waterproof and anti-crack concrete admixture comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
(2) And mixing the weighed water reducing agent, sodium gluconate, air entraining agent, acrylate copolymer, cellulose ether, polypropylene fiber, water repellent and water, and uniformly stirring.
This comparative example is the same as example 6 except that no sodium sulfonate polymer is added.
Comparative example 3
The waterproof anti-crack concrete admixture is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30% of water reducing agent, 15% of sodium gluconate, 0.3% of air entraining agent, 0.5% of cellulose ether, 0.5% of polypropylene fiber, 0.5% of water repellent and the balance of water.
The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent, and the solid content is 40%.
The air entraining agent is alkyl benzene sulfonate.
The sodium sulfonate polymer is sodium polyvinyl sulfonate.
The water repellent is sodium methyl silicate.
A preparation method of the waterproof and anti-crack concrete admixture comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
(2) And mixing the weighed water reducing agent, sodium gluconate, air entraining agent, cellulose ether, polypropylene fiber, water repellent and water, and uniformly stirring.
This comparative example is the same as example 6 except that the acrylate copolymer and the sodium sulfonate polymer are not added.
Performance testing
The waterproof and anti-crack concrete admixtures prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to measurement of the influence of each admixture on the properties of fresh concrete according to the relevant regulations of GB8076-2008 "concrete admixture" and GBJ50164-2011 "concrete quality control Standard". The mixing proportion of the concrete is shown in table 1, the mixing amount of each group of additives is 0.1 percent of the mass of the cement, and the experimental result is shown in table 2.
TABLE 1 concrete mix proportions (units:Kg)
Cement Fly ash Sand Stone Additive agent Water (W)
300 80 960 900 7.6 170
TABLE 2 application effect of each additive in concrete proportioning
Figure BDA0003424997090000061
As can be seen from the data in the table, the concrete obtained with the additive of the embodiment of the invention shows better combination property at low doping level, especially the frost resistance and impermeability. And the synergistic effect between the acrylate copolymer and the sodium sulfonate polymer disappears, and macroscopically shows that the comprehensive performance of the concrete is reduced in comparison example 1 lacking the acrylate copolymer, comparison example 2 lacking the sodium sulfonate polymer and comparison example 3 lacking the acrylate copolymer and the sodium sulfonate polymer. Therefore, under the formula of the raw materials, the raw materials interact with each other, so that the mixing amount of the additive can be greatly reduced, the comprehensive performance of the concrete is greatly improved, and the economic benefit and the social benefit are remarkable.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only some of the preferred modes for implementing the invention, and not all embodiments. Obviously, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The waterproof anti-crack concrete admixture is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20-30% of water reducing agent, 10-15% of sodium gluconate, 0.05-0.3% of air entraining agent, 0.05-2% of acrylate copolymer, 0.01-1.5% of sodium sulfonate polymer, 0.01-0.5% of cellulose ether, 0.01-0.5% of polypropylene fiber, 0.01-0.5% of water repellent and the balance of water, wherein the total amount of the raw materials is 100%; the sodium sulfonate polymer is sodium polypropylene sulfonate and/or sodium polyethylene sulfonate.
2. The waterproof and anti-crack concrete admixture according to claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducing agent with a solid content of 40%.
3. The waterproof and anti-crack concrete admixture according to claim 1, wherein the air-entraining agent is one or more of a polyether air-entraining agent, an alkylbenzene sulfonate air-entraining agent or a triterpenoid saponin air-entraining agent.
4. The waterproof and anti-crack concrete admixture according to claim 1, wherein the water repellent is sodium methyl silicate and/or polyacrylate.
5. A method for preparing the waterproof and crack-resistant concrete admixture according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
(2) And mixing the weighed water reducing agent, sodium gluconate, air entraining agent, acrylate copolymer, sodium sulfonate polymer, cellulose ether, polypropylene fiber, water repellent and water, and uniformly stirring.
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