CN114194400B - Optical fiber icing detection device capable of self-identifying fault and fault detection method - Google Patents
Optical fiber icing detection device capable of self-identifying fault and fault detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114194400B CN114194400B CN202210136037.1A CN202210136037A CN114194400B CN 114194400 B CN114194400 B CN 114194400B CN 202210136037 A CN202210136037 A CN 202210136037A CN 114194400 B CN114194400 B CN 114194400B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENTS OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D15/00—De-icing or preventing icing on exterior surfaces of aircraft
- B64D15/20—Means for detecting icing or initiating de-icing
Abstract
The invention is suitable for the field of aircraft icing detection, and provides an optical fiber icing detection device capable of self-identifying faults and a fault detection method, wherein the optical fiber icing detection device is provided with a transmitting optical fiber receiving end on a transmitting optical fiber, and simultaneously receives light transmitted by the transmitting optical fiber, light emitted from a crack due to the breakage of the transmitting end of the transmitting optical fiber and light reflected by an end face, so that whether the detection device has faults or not is judged by detecting the change relationship between light intensity Q1 received by the transmitting optical fiber receiving end and light intensity Q2 received by a receiving optical fiber: in the ice-free state: q1 is reduced, the emitting fiber is broken; q1 is increased, Q2 is zero, and the transmitting end of the transmitting optical fiber is broken; if the transmitting ends of the transmitting optical fiber and the transmitting optical fiber are normal, when ice exists: as Q1 increases and Q2 decreases, the receiving fiber breaks. The optical fiber icing detection device has simple structure and fault detection method, and can obviously reduce the false alarm rate of the optical fiber icing detection device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aircraft icing detection, in particular to an optical fiber icing detection device capable of automatically identifying faults and a fault detection method.
Background
When an airplane passes through a high-altitude cloud layer, the airplane encounters supercooled water drops, and an upwind part of the airplane can be frozen, so that the flight safety is seriously influenced. In order to ensure the flight safety of an aircraft, an icing detection sensor is usually installed on the aircraft, and when the icing detection sensor detects that the aircraft enters an icing meteorological environment, an icing state is acquired and an alarm signal is given.
The common icing detection sensor comprises a flat film type, a resonant type, an ultrasonic type, an optical fiber type and the like, wherein the optical fiber type icing detection sensor generally comprises a light source, a transmitting optical fiber and a receiving optical fiber, when the end face of the sensor is not iced, all light in the transmitting optical fiber is emitted into the atmosphere, no light intensity signal of the receiving optical fiber is received, and when the end face of the sensor is iced, icing information is obtained by receiving the reflected light intensity of an ice layer through the receiving optical fiber.
In the flight process, the icing sensor is in a high-altitude severe environment, the risk of optical fiber breakage and stain on the end face of the sensor exists, the accuracy of the sensor can be reduced due to the problems, and a device and a method capable of effectively monitoring the optical fiber breakage of an optical fiber icing detection device and the stain on the end face of the sensor do not exist at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an optical fiber icing detection device and a fault detection method capable of self-identifying faults, and aims to realize self-identifying faults of an optical fiber icing detection sensor and reduce false alarm rate of the optical fiber icing detection sensor.
An optical fiber icing detection device capable of self-identifying faults comprises an end face, a transmitting optical fiber transmitting end, a transmitting optical fiber receiving end, a receiving optical fiber and an optical signal detection circuit;
one end of the transmitting optical fiber is connected with a laser light source, and the other end of the transmitting optical fiber is respectively connected with the transmitting end and the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber;
the transmitting end of the transmitting optical fiber and the receiving optical fiber are both connected to the end face;
the optical signal detection circuit is respectively connected with the receiving optical fiber and the transmitting optical fiber receiving end.
Further, the length of the transmitting optical fiber receiving end is greater than the width between the transmitting end of the transmitting optical fiber and the receiving optical fiber, and the end of the transmitting optical fiber receiving end, which is not connected with the transmitting optical fiber, is arranged to be away from the end face.
The optical fiber icing detection device further comprises a data processing module, and the data processing module judges whether the optical fiber icing detection device fails or not according to the light intensity received by the receiving optical fiber and the transmitting optical fiber receiving end detected by the detection circuit.
Further, the data processing module judges whether the optical fiber icing detection device fails according to the following criteria:
in the ice-free state:
when the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber is reduced, the transmitting optical fiber is broken;
when the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber is increased and the light intensity Q2 received by the receiving optical fiber is zero, the transmitting end of the transmitting optical fiber is broken;
if the transmitting ends of the transmitting optical fiber and the transmitting optical fiber are normal, under the condition of icing:
when the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber increases and the light intensity Q2 received by the receiving optical fiber decreases, the receiving optical fiber breaks.
Further, the data processing module can also judge whether the end face of the optical fiber icing detection device is stained:
in an icing-free state, if the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber and the light intensity Q2 received by the receiving optical fiber are increased simultaneously, the end face of the icing sensor is judged to be stained.
The invention also provides a fault detection method of the optical fiber icing detection device, which adopts the optical fiber icing detection device to detect: turning on a laser light source, wherein the optical signal detection circuit respectively detects optical signals received by the receiving optical fiber and the transmitting optical fiber receiving end, and whether the optical fiber icing detection device fails is judged according to the following criteria:
in the ice-free state:
when the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber is reduced, the transmitting optical fiber is broken;
when the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber is increased and the light intensity Q2 received by the receiving optical fiber is zero, the transmitting end of the transmitting optical fiber is broken;
if the transmitting ends of the transmitting optical fiber and the transmitting optical fiber are normal, under the condition of icing:
when the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber increases and the light intensity Q2 received by the receiving optical fiber decreases, the receiving optical fiber breaks.
Further, it can be determined whether the end surface of the optical fiber icing detection device is stained:
in an icing-free state, if the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber and the light intensity Q2 received by the receiving optical fiber are increased simultaneously, the end face of the icing sensor is judged to be stained.
Compared with the prior art, the optical fiber icing detection device and the fault detection method capable of self-identifying faults have the following beneficial effects:
the optical fiber icing detection device capable of self-identifying faults can realize the fault self-identifying function of the optical fiber icing detection device only by adding the transmitting optical fiber receiving end, the corresponding detection circuit and the data processing module, has a simple structure, is easy to realize, has a very simple fault judgment method, does not relate to complex mathematical calculation, and can obviously reduce the false alarm rate of the optical fiber icing detection device.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention or in the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber icing detecting device capable of self-identifying faults according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 10-the transmitting fiber, 20-the transmitting fiber transmitting end, 30-the transmitting fiber receiving end, 40-the receiving fiber, 50-the end face.
Detailed Description
The following description provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different features of the invention. The particular examples set forth below are illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting.
Example 1
An optical fiber icing detecting device capable of self-identifying faults is shown in fig. 1 and comprises an end face 50, a transmitting optical fiber 10, a transmitting optical fiber transmitting end 20, a transmitting optical fiber receiving end 30, a receiving optical fiber 40 and an optical signal detecting circuit (not shown in the figure);
one end of the transmitting optical fiber 10 is connected with a laser light source, and the other end is respectively connected with the transmitting optical fiber transmitting end 20 and the transmitting optical fiber receiving end 30;
the transmitting end 20 of the transmitting optical fiber and the receiving optical fiber 40 are both connected to an end face 50;
the optical signal detection circuit is respectively connected to the receiving optical fiber 40 and the transmitting optical fiber receiving end 30.
It should be noted that the transmitting end of the transmitting optical fiber is used for receiving the light transmitted by the transmitting optical fiber, and also receiving the light emitted from the crack due to the breakage of the transmitting optical fiber 10 and the light reflected by the end face, and the transmitting end of the transmitting optical fiber can adopt a common optical fiber to achieve the above functions.
The optical fiber icing detection device disclosed by the invention has the self-identification fault identification principle that:
in the non-icing state, after the laser light source is turned on to start the optical fiber icing detection device, under normal conditions, the light of the transmitting optical fiber is normally transmitted to the transmitting end and the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber, the light emitted by the transmitting end of the transmitting optical fiber is totally emitted into the atmosphere, the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber is a fixed value, and the light intensity Q2 received by the receiving optical fiber is zero.
If the transmitting optical fiber is locally broken, the light intensity transmitted to the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber is weakened, so that the value of the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber is reduced; if the transmitting end of the transmitting optical fiber is locally broken, part of light can be scattered at the broken part and transmitted to the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber, at the moment, Q1 can be increased, Q2 is unchanged, the receiving optical fiber still cannot receive a light intensity signal and is still zero, and therefore whether the transmitting optical fiber and the transmitting end of the transmitting optical fiber break or not can be judged by detecting the light intensity change relation between the light intensity Q1 received by the transmitting optical fiber receiving end and the light intensity Q2 received by the receiving optical fiber;
meanwhile, in an icing-free state, if the end face is stained, light at the transmitting end of the transmitting optical fiber is transmitted to the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber and the receiving optical fiber after being reflected by the stain, and at the moment, Q1 and Q2 are simultaneously increased and can be used for judging whether the end face is stained or not.
In the icing state, after the laser light source is turned on to start the optical fiber icing detection device, the variation trend of Q1 is consistent with that of Q2 under the normal condition, namely Q2 is increased when Q1 is increased (corresponding to the condition that the icing thickness is increased), and Q2 is reduced when Q1 is reduced (corresponding to the condition that the icing thickness is reduced). If the receiving optical fiber is broken, the light is scattered at the broken part, part of the returned light is transmitted to the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber again through the ice layer, at the moment, under the condition of fixed ice thickness, Q1 is increased, Q2 is reduced, and therefore the method can be used for judging whether the receiving optical fiber is broken or not.
Of course, if the Q1 is increased and the Q2 is decreased, the failure of the receiving fiber can be judged only when the transmitting fiber is judged to be free from the failure in the ice-free state because the transmitting fiber is broken.
Therefore, the optical fiber icing detection device capable of self-identifying faults of the embodiment is further provided with a data processing module, whether the optical fiber icing detection device fails or not is judged according to the light intensity received by the receiving optical fiber and the transmitting optical fiber receiving end detected by the detection circuit, and the judgment basis is as follows:
in the ice-free state:
when the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber is reduced, the transmitting optical fiber is broken;
when the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber is increased and the light intensity Q2 received by the receiving optical fiber is zero, the transmitting end of the transmitting optical fiber is broken;
if the transmitting ends of the transmitting optical fiber and the transmitting optical fiber are normal, under the condition of icing:
when the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber increases and the light intensity Q2 received by the receiving optical fiber decreases, the receiving optical fiber breaks.
Preferably, the data processing module of this embodiment may further determine whether the end surface of the optical fiber icing detection device has stains:
in an icing-free state, if the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber and the light intensity Q2 received by the receiving optical fiber are increased simultaneously, the end face of the icing sensor is judged to be stained.
Preferably, the length of the launching fiber receiving end 30 is greater than the width between the launching fiber end 20 and the receiving fiber 40, and the end of the launching fiber receiving end 30 not connected to the launching fiber is disposed away from the end face 50, so that the launching fiber receiving end 30 can receive more light emitted from the crack due to the breakage of the launching fiber 10 and reflected back from the end face.
Example 2
A fault detection method using the optical fiber icing detection device capable of self-identifying faults in embodiment 1, wherein when a laser light source is turned on, an optical signal detection circuit respectively detects optical signals received by receiving ends of the receiving optical fiber and the transmitting optical fiber, and whether the optical fiber icing detection device fails is determined according to the following criteria:
in the ice-free state:
when the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber is reduced, the transmitting optical fiber is broken;
when the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber is increased and the light intensity Q2 received by the receiving optical fiber is zero, the transmitting end of the transmitting optical fiber is broken;
if the transmitting ends of the transmitting optical fiber and the transmitting optical fiber are normal, under the condition of icing:
when the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber increases and the light intensity Q2 received by the receiving optical fiber decreases, the receiving optical fiber breaks.
Of course, it can also be judged whether the end face of the optical fiber icing detection device is stained: in an icing-free state, if the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber and the light intensity Q2 received by the receiving optical fiber are increased simultaneously, the end face of the icing sensor is judged to be stained.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An optical fiber icing detection device capable of self-identifying faults is characterized by comprising an end face, a transmitting optical fiber transmitting end, a transmitting optical fiber receiving end, a receiving optical fiber and an optical signal detection circuit; one end of the transmitting optical fiber is connected with a laser light source, and the other end of the transmitting optical fiber is respectively connected with the transmitting end and the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber; the transmitting end of the transmitting optical fiber and the receiving optical fiber are both connected to the end face; the optical signal detection circuit is respectively connected with the receiving optical fiber and the transmitting optical fiber receiving end;
the optical fiber icing detection device further comprises a data processing module, wherein the data processing module judges whether the optical fiber icing detection device breaks down or not according to the light intensity received by the receiving optical fiber and the transmitting optical fiber receiving end detected by the detection circuit;
the data processing module judges whether the optical fiber icing detection device breaks down according to the following criteria, and in an icing-free state: when the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber is reduced, the transmitting optical fiber is broken; when the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber is increased and the light intensity Q2 received by the receiving optical fiber is zero, the transmitting end of the transmitting optical fiber is broken; if the transmitting ends of the transmitting optical fiber and the transmitting optical fiber are normal, under the condition of icing: when the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber increases and the light intensity Q2 received by the receiving optical fiber decreases, the receiving optical fiber breaks.
2. The optical fiber icing detection device capable of self-identifying faults as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the transmitting optical fiber receiving end is greater than the width between the transmitting end and the receiving optical fiber, and the end of the transmitting optical fiber receiving end, which is not connected with the transmitting optical fiber, is arranged to be away from the end face.
3. The optical fiber icing detection device capable of self-identifying faults as claimed in claim 1, wherein the data processing module is further capable of judging whether the end face of the optical fiber icing detection device is stained: in an icing-free state, if the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber and the light intensity Q2 received by the receiving optical fiber are increased simultaneously, the end face of the icing sensor is judged to be stained.
4. A failure detection method of an optical fiber icing detection device, which detects a failure by using the optical fiber icing detection device capable of self-identifying a failure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: turning on a laser light source, wherein the optical signal detection circuit respectively detects optical signals received by the receiving optical fiber and the transmitting optical fiber receiving end, and whether the optical fiber icing detection device fails is judged according to the following criteria: in the ice-free state: when the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber is reduced, the transmitting optical fiber is broken; when the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber is increased and the light intensity Q2 received by the receiving optical fiber is zero, the transmitting end of the transmitting optical fiber is broken; if the transmitting ends of the transmitting optical fiber and the transmitting optical fiber are normal, under the condition of icing: when the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber increases and the light intensity Q2 received by the receiving optical fiber decreases, the receiving optical fiber breaks.
5. The method for detecting a failure of an optical fiber icing detecting device according to claim 4, wherein: it can also be judged whether the end face of the optical fiber icing detection device is stained: in an icing-free state, if the light intensity Q1 received by the receiving end of the transmitting optical fiber and the light intensity Q2 received by the receiving optical fiber are increased simultaneously, the end face of the icing sensor is judged to be stained.
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| CN116086368B (en) * | 2023-03-07 | 2023-06-20 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 | Icing thickness detection method, icing thickness detection device and storage medium |
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