CN114194118A - Intelligent fuse box and automobile - Google Patents

Intelligent fuse box and automobile Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114194118A
CN114194118A CN202111446368.7A CN202111446368A CN114194118A CN 114194118 A CN114194118 A CN 114194118A CN 202111446368 A CN202111446368 A CN 202111446368A CN 114194118 A CN114194118 A CN 114194118A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
mcu
intelligent
voltage division
power supply
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
CN202111446368.7A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
徐瑛
张鹏
王晓伟
陈兴富
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Chongqing Changan Automobile Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Chongqing Changan Automobile Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chongqing Changan Automobile Co Ltd filed Critical Chongqing Changan Automobile Co Ltd
Priority to CN202111446368.7A priority Critical patent/CN114194118A/en
Publication of CN114194118A publication Critical patent/CN114194118A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/005Electro-mechanical devices, e.g. switched
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/0207Wire harnesses
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02Details
    • H01H85/20Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02Details
    • H01H85/20Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof
    • H01H85/205Electric connections to contacts on the base
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02Details
    • H01H85/20Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof
    • H01H2085/2075Junction box, having holders integrated with several other holders in a particular wiring layout
    • H01H2085/208Junction box, having holders integrated with several other holders in a particular wiring layout specially adapted for vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent fuse box, which comprises: the MCU is connected with other controllers on the vehicle through a CAN communication interface and is connected with a finished vehicle storage battery sensor through an LIN communication interface; the voltage division acquisition circuit is used for sampling the switch signals from the switch wire harnesses and transmitting the sampled switch signals to the MCU after voltage conversion; the MCU controls the corresponding MOSFET to be switched on or off through a voltage signal sent by the voltage division acquisition circuit, so that power supply or power off for the corresponding load is realized.

Description

Intelligent fuse box and automobile
Technical Field
The invention is applied to the field of automobile intellectualization, and particularly relates to an intelligent fuse box and an automobile.
Background
In the field of automobiles, a fuse box still realizes the protection of large current lines such as an automobile power line and the like based on a traditional fuse 4 and a wire harness, and as the requirement of the intellectualization of the automobiles at present is continuously increased, the change of the electronic and electric appliance architecture of the whole automobile is needed, the existing electronic and electric appliance architecture is changed, and in the brand-new electronic and electric appliance architecture of the whole automobile, a hardware architecture scheme of an intelligent fuse is designed based on a power device of a chip company, which is a brand-new scheme under the electronic and electric appliance architecture of the whole automobile.
The existing electrical fuse box is realized based on a distributed electronic appliance framework, and the existing electronic appliance framework for distributing the ECU according to functions is met. With the development of intellectualization and automatic driving, the whole vehicle electronic and electric appliance framework changes, and an intelligent electric box needs to be redefined based on a new whole vehicle electronic and electric appliance framework.
In the traditional mode, the front cabin fuse box and the instrument fuse box have a centralized power distribution function and an IBCM (integrated control module) integrated control function, and the three components need to be interacted; the intelligent electrical fuse box is formed based on a brand new mode, and can realize a mode of regional control by integrating the control functions of power distribution and an intelligent vehicle body controller respectively through E-SJB and P-SJB.
The brand-new intelligent electrical fuse box can realize the optimal integration of the vehicle body control function and the whole vehicle storage battery management by the intelligent fuse 4 box. The shortest control path of the whole vehicle can be realized by a method of dividing functions according to regions. According to the principle that the wiring harness consumption is minimum and the cost of the whole vehicle is minimum, function distribution is planned, wiring harness topology and optimal comprehensive cost are fully considered, and function reasonable distribution is carried out.
Along with the increase of the intelligent requirement of the whole vehicle, the number of the ECUs is increased. If the traditional electrical fuse box is adopted, the requirements of wiring harness distribution, safety level, battery monitoring and functional diagnosis need to be realized by the following brand-new intelligent fuse box.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an intelligent fuse box and an automobile, which are used for solving the problem that the existing fuse box framework cannot be suitable for a new electronic and electric appliance framework.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides an intelligent fuse box, which comprises:
the MCU is connected with other controllers on the vehicle through a CAN communication interface and is connected with a finished vehicle storage battery sensor through an LIN communication interface;
the voltage division acquisition circuit is used for sampling the switch signals from the switch wire harnesses and transmitting the sampled switch signals to the MCU after voltage conversion;
the MCU controls the corresponding MOSFET to be switched on or off through a voltage signal sent by the voltage division acquisition circuit, so that power supply or power off for the corresponding load is realized.
Preferably, the intelligent safe box further comprises: and the power supply conversion chip is connected with the storage battery of the whole vehicle and supplies power to the MCU and the voltage division acquisition circuit after voltage conversion is carried out by the power supply conversion chip.
Preferably, the divided voltage acquisition circuit includes: the MCU is connected with the analog signal input circuit, the low-side digital signal input circuit and the high-side digital signal input circuit.
Preferably, each whole vehicle storage battery power supply wire bundle is connected with the corresponding MOSFET after being respectively connected with the fuse and the current sampling resistor.
Preferably, the intelligent safe box further comprises: the voltage division circuit is connected between the current sampling resistor and the corresponding MOSFET tube and is also connected with the MCU, and the MCU controls the corresponding MOSFET tube to be closed and stops supplying power to the corresponding load when the sampling current of the current sampling resistor is abnormal.
The invention also provides an automobile comprising the intelligent fuse box.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the intelligent fuse box is generated based on a completely new electronic and electric appliance hardware framework of the whole automobile, and mainly solves the problem that the traditional framework can not realize the requirement of the intelligent automobile with the function distributed according to the region.
2. The intelligent functional requirements are integrated, the vehicle body control part is focused, the basic functions of the electronic and electrical control of the whole vehicle are focused by the vehicle body control part, and most of high-power loads are loaded. The front cabin SJB is combined with the power management function, and the functions can be realized: double power supply management, collision outage, transportation mode, dark current management and electric appliance voltage regulation. The front cabin SJB CAN communicate with the instrument SJB through the CAN bus, so that a large number of hard-wire control loops are saved. The new intelligent fuse box can meet the functional requirements of users, and the establishment of the hardware platform of the intelligent fuse box is an important technical breakthrough for the comprehensive implementation of the new electronic and electrical appliance architecture from various aspects.
3. The influence of the hardware of the intelligent fuse box on the electronic and electric appliance architecture of the whole automobile is analyzed, the development trend of the future intelligent automobile is met, the automatic driving requirement is met, the new platform of the electronic and electric appliance architecture of the whole automobile is realized, and sufficient conditions are provided for the automatic driving and the intelligent development of the automobile.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional automotive electronics architecture;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a novel distributed architecture-based electronic appliance architecture;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a conventional electrical fuse box and a new electrical fuse box;
FIG. 4 is a hardware block diagram of the intelligent safe box in the embodiment;
fig. 5 is a current trend view of the smart fuse box in this embodiment.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a current architecture diagram of electronic and electrical appliances of an automobile, which is a network architecture based on a CAN network and in which ECUs coexist, and is suitable for current automobile applications. The framework is simple, the method is suitable for the automobile environment with small data volume and uncomplicated ECU, along with the increasing and strengthening of the intelligent requirement of the automobile and the increasing development of automatic driving, the framework can not meet the requirement, the framework needs to be redefined, the electronic and electric framework of the whole automobile needs to be readjusted, and the electric system of the whole automobile needs to be redefined.
The new electronic and electric appliance architecture based on the automobile operation platform is shown in fig. 2, and the architecture completely separates the actuator from the processor, and is the new automobile electronic and electric appliance architecture. By adopting the framework, the actuator can become a platform standard component, and the framework is very advantageous from the aspects of platform development, cost reduction and standardization of the whole vehicle.
Fig. 3 shows an overview of a conventional electrical architecture and an intelligent electrical architecture, and from the electrical architecture of fig. 2, the number of loads is distributed according to regions, and is large, and if a conventional fuse box and harness distribution manner are adopted, problems such as wiring harness confusion, complexity, a whole vehicle electrical structure disorder, high wiring harness cost and the like are caused; the novel framework adopts chip intelligent control, and from many aspects such as safety angle, battery life, diagnostic function, performance requirement, can realize the pencil cost, the optimization of pencil weight can realize the real-time supervision of battery state, can realize the state on whole car circuit to can realize self-resuming in breaking down, reduction circuit return that can be great.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the intelligent safe in the present embodiment includes: the MCU1 and the MOSFET tube 2 are connected through signal lines, the MOSFET tube 2 is respectively connected with a power supply wire harness and a load wire harness of the whole vehicle storage battery, the MCU1 is connected with other controllers on the vehicle through a CAN communication interface, and the MCU1 is connected with a sensor of the whole vehicle storage battery through an LIN communication interface; the voltage division acquisition circuit is used for sampling the switching signals from the switch wire harnesses, converting the voltage of the sampled switching signals and transmitting the converted switching signals to the MCU 1; the MCU1 controls the corresponding MOSFET 2 to be switched on or off through the voltage signal sent by the voltage division acquisition circuit, so as to supply power or cut off the power for the corresponding load.
The intelligent fuse box further comprises: and the power supply conversion chip 6 connected with the whole vehicle storage battery supplies power to the MCU1 and the voltage division acquisition circuit after voltage conversion is carried out by the power supply conversion chip 6.
The partial pressure acquisition circuit includes: the MCU1 comprises an analog signal input circuit, a low-side digital signal input circuit and a high-side digital signal input circuit which are arranged in parallel, wherein the analog signal input circuit, the low-side digital signal input circuit and the high-side digital signal input circuit are all connected with the MCU 1.
And each finished automobile storage battery power supply wire bundle is connected with the corresponding MOSFET tube 2 after being respectively connected with the fuse 4 and the current sampling resistor 3.
The intelligent fuse box further comprises: the voltage division circuit 5 is connected between the current sampling resistor 3 and the corresponding MOSFET tube 2, the voltage division circuit 5 is further connected with the MCU1, and the MCU1 controls the corresponding MOSFET tube 2 to be turned off when the sampling current of the current sampling resistor 3 is abnormal, and stops supplying power to the corresponding load.
The hardware architecture realization function and the design strategy of the intelligent fuse box adopt the following design ideas;
1. the whole vehicle storage battery VBAT is used as a main power supply of the intelligent fuse box in the embodiment and supplies power to a chip (MCU 1) in the whole intelligent fuse box controller; the power conversion chip 6 CAN be selected according to the requirements of the internal MCU1, the driver chip and the communication chip (specifically, LIN communication interface and CAN communication interface).
2. According to the types of the switch signals (analog signals, high-side digital signals and low-side digital signals), a proper voltage division acquisition circuit is adopted for the switch signals in the module (the voltage division acquisition circuit comprises an analog signal input circuit, a low-side digital signal input circuit and a high-side digital signal input circuit which are arranged in parallel, the analog signal input circuit, the low-side digital signal input circuit and the high-side digital signal input circuit are all connected with the MCU 1), the voltage division acquisition circuit converts the acquired voltage signals and then enters the MCU1, and the MCU1 can acquire the corresponding switch signal levels.
3. The whole vehicle storage battery sensor is in LIN communication with the whole vehicle, and the MCU1 of the intelligent fuse box is connected with the whole vehicle storage battery sensor through an LIN communication interface, so that the storage battery state can be monitored and analyzed according to an LIN protocol.
4. The MCU1 of the intelligent fuse box is communicated with other controllers of the whole vehicle through a CAN bus, and signals such as power state information, current information and the like of the intelligent fuse box are interacted with other controllers of the whole vehicle through the CAN bus; and the other controllers of the whole vehicle can effectively acquire the power state information and implement corresponding strategies.
4. Each whole vehicle storage battery power supply wire bundle is connected to a fuse 4 firstly and then connected to a current sampling resistor 3 through the fuse 4, the precision requirement of the current sampling resistor 3 reaches 1% precision, the resistor packaging size is designed according to the power supply, and the calculated power is reserved by 30%.
5. Inputting a power supply to each path of load, and performing signal acquisition and analysis such as sampling and diagnosis on the current input to the path by the MCU1 through a proper voltage division circuit 5; the diagnosis of the current input signal can be implemented at the circuit module; the selection of the voltage divider circuit 5 can be made according to the input voltage and current, and the accuracy of the ADC module of the MCU 1.
6. Each path of power supply is input, current sampling is realized in the point 5, and simultaneously, after each path of power supply is input, the control of each path of load power supply is realized through the MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) 2; by selecting a proper MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) 2, the power output of each load can be realized, and different power magnitudes can be met; meanwhile, the MOSFET 2 is communicated with the MCU1, IO communication, SPI communication and other communication modes can be selected through selection modes, and the collection of current, circuit short circuit, open circuit, overlarge voltage, undervoltage and overtemperature information responsible for output control can be realized, so that power management and diagnosis of drive output are realized.
7. The intelligent fuse box is designed based on the control, diagnosis and the like of a finished automobile storage battery, and a circuit board needs to be subjected to heat dissipation design in the design.

Claims (6)

1. An intelligent safe box, comprising:
the system comprises an MCU (1) and an MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) tube (2) which are connected through a signal wire, wherein the MOSFET tube (2) is respectively connected with a power supply wire harness and a load wire harness of a storage battery of the whole vehicle, the MCU (1) is connected with other controllers on the vehicle through a CAN (controller area network) communication interface, and the MCU (1) is connected with a sensor of the storage battery of the whole vehicle through an LIN (local interconnect network) communication interface;
the voltage division acquisition circuit is used for sampling the switch signals from the switch wire harnesses and transmitting the sampled switch signals to the MCU (1) after voltage conversion;
the MCU (1) controls the corresponding MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) tube (2) to be switched on or off through a voltage signal sent by the voltage division acquisition circuit, so that power supply or power failure of a corresponding load is realized.
2. The intelligent safe of claim 1, further comprising: and the power supply conversion chip (6) is connected with the storage battery of the whole vehicle, and supplies power to the MCU (1) and the voltage division acquisition circuit after voltage conversion is carried out through the power supply conversion chip (6).
3. The intelligent safe of claim 1, wherein the voltage division acquisition circuit comprises: the MCU (1) is connected with the analog signal input circuit, the low-side digital signal input circuit and the high-side digital signal input circuit which are arranged in parallel.
4. The intelligent fuse box according to claim 1, wherein each entire vehicle battery power supply wire bundle is connected with the corresponding MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) tube (2) after being respectively connected with the fuse (4) and the current sampling resistor (3).
5. The intelligent safe of claim 4, further comprising: the voltage division circuit (5) is connected between the current sampling resistor (3) and the corresponding MOSFET tube (2), the voltage division circuit (5) is further connected with the MCU (1), and the MCU1 controls the corresponding MOSFET tube (2) to be closed and stops supplying power to the corresponding load when the sampling current of the current sampling resistor (3) is abnormal.
6. An automobile, characterized by comprising the intelligent safe box of any one of claims 1 to 5.
CN202111446368.7A 2021-11-30 2021-11-30 Intelligent fuse box and automobile Withdrawn CN114194118A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111446368.7A CN114194118A (en) 2021-11-30 2021-11-30 Intelligent fuse box and automobile

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111446368.7A CN114194118A (en) 2021-11-30 2021-11-30 Intelligent fuse box and automobile

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN114194118A true CN114194118A (en) 2022-03-18

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202111446368.7A Withdrawn CN114194118A (en) 2021-11-30 2021-11-30 Intelligent fuse box and automobile

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN114194118A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115635851A (en) * 2022-10-31 2023-01-24 重庆长安新能源汽车科技有限公司 Vehicle-mounted intelligent power distribution system, control method and storage medium
CN115635851B (en) * 2022-10-31 2024-06-04 深蓝汽车科技有限公司 Vehicle-mounted intelligent power distribution system, control method and storage medium

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115635851A (en) * 2022-10-31 2023-01-24 重庆长安新能源汽车科技有限公司 Vehicle-mounted intelligent power distribution system, control method and storage medium
CN115635851B (en) * 2022-10-31 2024-06-04 深蓝汽车科技有限公司 Vehicle-mounted intelligent power distribution system, control method and storage medium

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Application publication date: 20220318