CN114193116B - Precise assembly method for stainless steel box type structural part - Google Patents
Precise assembly method for stainless steel box type structural part Download PDFInfo
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- CN114193116B CN114193116B CN202111494710.0A CN202111494710A CN114193116B CN 114193116 B CN114193116 B CN 114193116B CN 202111494710 A CN202111494710 A CN 202111494710A CN 114193116 B CN114193116 B CN 114193116B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/001—Article feeders for assembling machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/001—Article feeders for assembling machines
- B23P19/002—Article feeders for assembling machines orientating the articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/001—Article feeders for assembling machines
- B23P19/007—Picking-up and placing mechanisms
Abstract
The invention discloses a precision assembly method of a stainless steel box type structural part, which comprises the following steps: s1: the upper enclosure frame and the lower enclosure frame are independently assembled; s2: assembling the upper enclosure frame and the lower enclosure frame through the guide rail to form a sub-box body; s3: assembling at least two sub-box bodies to form a main box body; according to the invention, the size rechecking is carried out during the assembly of each part so as to improve the assembly precision, the pre-assembly mode and the special assembly tool and jacking tool are adopted so as to improve the convenience of assembly, the operation method is simple, and the assembly precision is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of box body assembly, in particular to a precise assembly method for a stainless steel box type structural member.
Background
The large combined box body is formed by splicing a plurality of sub-box bodies consisting of upper and lower surrounding frames and guide rails, the size of the large combined box body is large, the requirements on the flatness and the verticality of the bottom surface, the left side surface and the right side surface of the box body are high, and the highest precision requirement reaches 0.3.
Aiming at the assembly of the enclosure frame, all side plates of the enclosure frame are positioned by pin holes, so that under the condition that the size of a part is processed to be qualified, most linear sizes have better assembly precision; but the pin hole has a position error of 0.05mm, and the accumulated error of the connection of only four sub-boxes can reach 0.4mm under the extreme condition only seen from the length direction; for the sub-box body, the weight of the sub-box body after being assembled is 5.6 tons, and the weight of the sub-box body is over 100Kg only by using a single assembly guide rail, so that the main difficulties of the sub-box body assembly are the guarantee of diagonal dimension and the feasibility and the easy assembly of the assembly process under the condition that the upper and lower enclosure frames are assembled in a qualified manner, wherein the hoisting, centering and installation of the guide rail and the positioning maintenance before the assembly are quite difficult; aiming at the general assembly of the box body, the assembly process of the general assembly is less, but the weight of each sub-box body is large, the position adjustment is difficult in the assembly process, and if reliable assembly positioning measures are not available, the diagonal dimension requirement is difficult to guarantee.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the problems that the accumulated error of the assembly of the enclosing frame is large, the assembly size of the box body is difficult to guarantee and the total assembly position of the box body is difficult to adjust in the conventional large combined box body, the method for precisely assembling the stainless steel box type structural member is provided, and the problems are solved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a precision assembly method for a stainless steel box type structural part comprises the following steps:
s1: the upper enclosure frame and the lower enclosure frame are independently assembled;
s2: assembling the upper enclosure frame and the lower enclosure frame through the guide rail to form a sub-box body;
s3: assembling at least two sub-boxes to form a main box.
Further, the detailed steps of step S1 are:
s11: checking whether all assembly parts of the upper enclosure frame and the lower enclosure frame are cleaned up or not, and ensuring that the surfaces of the parts are free of oil stains and impurities;
s12: pre-assembling an upper enclosing frame and a lower enclosing frame on an assembling tool through pre-assembling pins, and detecting whether the assembling size is qualified or not in the pre-assembling process;
s13: rechecking all the assembly sizes, and replacing the pre-installed pins one by one with standard pins after the assembly sizes are completely qualified;
s14: welding gaps on the upper enclosure frame and the lower enclosure frame, and simultaneously spraying water for cooling the non-welded positions;
s15: and polishing the surface welding seams on the upper surrounding frame and the lower surrounding frame smoothly.
Further, the detailed step of step S12 is:
s121: assembling outermost side boards of the upper enclosing frame and the lower enclosing frame on an assembling tool, positioning by pre-assembling pins and fixing by bolts to form a primary frame of the upper enclosing frame and the lower enclosing frame;
s122: sequentially installing internal coamings and related accessories in the primary frame, immediately measuring whether the size is qualified or not when one coamings or one accessory is installed, and finely adjusting the positions of the coamings or the accessories until the size is qualified if the coamings or the accessories are not qualified; the preassembly of the upper enclosure frame and the lower enclosure frame is completed.
Further, the assembly tool comprises a tool bottom plate and a positioning baffle plate; the tool bottom plate is provided with a positioning hole, and the positioning baffle is installed on the tool bottom plate through the positioning hole.
Further, the detailed step of step S121 is:
s1211: horizontally placing the tool bottom plate, and ensuring the flatness of the tool bottom plate to be within 0.25 mm;
s1212: installing a positioning baffle on a tool bottom plate, wherein the shape and size of the positioning baffle is consistent with those of the upper enclosure frame and the lower enclosure frame;
s1213: and sequentially attaching the enclosing plate at the outermost side and related accessories to the positioning baffle by taking two surfaces as references, positioning by using pre-installed pins, and fixing by using bolts.
Furthermore, the sizes of the pin holes for assembling on the upper enclosing frame, the lower enclosing frame and the guide rail are all the same
The standard pin has the size of
The preassembly pins have four specifications, and the sizes of the preassembly pins are respectively as follows:
further, the detailed step of step S2 is;
s21: installing positioning baffles on the tool bottom plate, wherein the positioning baffles are arranged on two adjacent right-angle edges and used for positioning two adjacent surfaces of the lower enclosure frame;
s22: vertically placing a lower enclosing frame on a tool bottom plate, enabling two adjacent surfaces of the lower enclosing frame to be tightly attached to a positioning baffle, and binding the lower enclosing frame with the positioning baffle through a fixing device;
s23: installing a first layer of guide rails below the lower enclosing frame through pre-installed pins, wherein the first layer of guide rails are supported by a tool bottom plate;
s24: installing jacking tools at intervals of the first layer of guide rails;
s25: mounting the second layer of guide rail on the lower enclosing frame through a pre-installed pin; one end of the second layer of guide rail is connected with the lower enclosing frame, and the cantilever end is supported by the jacking tool;
s26: repeating the steps S24-S25 according to the number of the guide rail layers;
s27: assembling the upper enclosure frame and the guide rail through pre-installed pins, checking the size, and fixing the upper enclosure frame and the guide rail by using bolts after the size is qualified;
s28: replacing the pre-installed pins with standard pins one by one, welding the connecting gaps of the guide rail and the upper and lower enclosing frames, and simultaneously spraying water for cooling the non-welded positions;
s29: and polishing the weld joint on the surface smoothly to finish the assembly of the sub-box body.
Further, the detailed step of step S27 is:
s271: a guide block is arranged at the cantilever end of each guide rail;
s272: hoisting an upper enclosure frame to align with the guide rail, wherein one side of the upper enclosure frame is attached to the positioning baffle, and the bottom surface of the upper enclosure frame is attached to the bottom plate;
s273: inserting the assembly position of the upper surrounding frame into the guide block;
s274: finely adjusting the jacking tool to ensure that the assembly position of the upper enclosure frame is completely aligned with the guide rail;
s275: pushing the upper enclosing frame to enable the assembling position of the upper enclosing frame to be matched with the guide rail, and installing a pre-installed pin;
s276: and (5) checking the size, taking down the guide block after the size is qualified, and fixing by using a bolt.
Further, the jacking tool comprises a jacking support and a jacking body, and the jacking body is used for supporting the guide rail; the jacking body can move up and down on the jacking support.
Further, the detailed step of step S3 is:
s31: placing a first sub-box body on an installation platform, and installing a TB block on the sub-box body;
s32: aligning the first sub-box body through a laser tracker, and fixing the first sub-box body;
s33: establishing a space coordinate system according to the position of the first sub-box body;
s34: preliminarily assembling the second sub-box body with the first sub-box body, and installing a TB block on the second sub-box body;
s35: and adjusting the position of the second sub-box body through a laser tracker to enable the spatial position of the TB block on the second sub-box body to be in place, and then installing a pre-installed pin and fixing the pre-installed pin through a bolt.
S36: repeating the step S32 to the step S35 according to the specific number of the sub-boxes;
s37: checking whether all the assembly sizes are qualified or not, and if not, finely adjusting until the assembly sizes are qualified; after the size is qualified, replacing the preassembled pins one by one with standard pins;
s38: welding the connecting gaps between the sub-tank bodies, and simultaneously spraying water to cool the parts which are not welded;
s39: and polishing the weld seam on the surface to be smooth.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. a precision assembly method for a stainless steel box type structural part comprises the following steps: s1: the upper enclosure frame and the lower enclosure frame are independently assembled; s2: assembling the upper enclosure frame and the lower enclosure frame through the guide rail to form a sub-box body; s3: assembling at least two sub-box bodies to form a main box body; the assembly precision of whole total box all carries out size recheck when each part assembles to improve the assembly precision, and all adopt preassembly mode and dedicated assembly fixture and jacking frock in order to improve the convenience of assembly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for precisely assembling a stainless steel box-type structural member;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a stainless steel case according to one embodiment; wherein the left side is a front view; the right side is a side view;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the sub-box; wherein the upper left isbase:Sub>A front view, the upper right isbase:Sub>A side view, and the lower left isbase:Sub>A sectional view at A-A in the front view;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the lower coaming; wherein the left side isbase:Sub>A top view, the middle isbase:Sub>A side view, and the right side isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view at A-A in the top view;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the assembly fixture; wherein the upper part is a front view, and the lower part is a top view;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment after installation in step S121;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating an installation process of step S122 according to a first embodiment; schematic diagrams of different installation nodes when the internal enclosing plates are installed in sequence are shown from left to right;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the assembly tool installed in step S21 in the first embodiment;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the lower coaming after being mounted in step S22 in the first embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the first-layer guide rail after being installed in step S23 according to the first embodiment; wherein the left side is a top view and the right side is a side view;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the jacking tool in step S24 according to the first embodiment after being installed; wherein the left side is a top view and the right side is a side view;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a jacking tool according to a first embodiment;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment after the second-layer guide rail is installed in step S25; wherein the left side is a top view and the right side is a side view;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment after the third-layer guide rail is installed in step S26; wherein the left side is a top view and the right side is a side view;
fig. 15 is a schematic structural view after the guide block is mounted in step S27 in the first embodiment;
FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of the sub-box installed in step S276 according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating the operation of step S33 according to the first embodiment; wherein the upper part is a front view and the lower part is a top view.
Reference numerals: 1-a sub-box body, 2-an upper enclosing frame, 3-a lower enclosing frame, 4-a joist, 5-a first layer of guide rail, 6-a second layer of guide rail, 7-a third layer of guide rail, 31-an outermost side enclosing plate, 32-an inner enclosing plate, 81-a tool base, 82-a tool bottom plate, 83-a positioning baffle, 9-a jacking tool, 91-a jacking bracket, 92-a jacking body, 93-a jacking screw, 33-a guide block and 34-a TB block.
Detailed Description
It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a … …" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example one
As shown in figure 2, the length of the assembled stainless steel box body is 9894mm, the width is 1480mm, the height is 2640mm, the requirements on the planeness and the verticality of the bottom surface, the left side surface and the right side surface of the box body are met, and the highest precision requirement reaches 0.3, so the box body has the characteristics of large volume and high assembly requirement.
1. Overview of Box Assembly
Overview of general case Assembly requirements
The main box body is formed by connecting four sub-box bodies 1, and the structure of the main box body is shown in figure 2; besides the requirement of high precision on the assembly size, the requirement of flatness of the bottom surface, the left side surface and the right side surface, the related verticality requirement and the parallelism requirement of the upper joist supporting cushion block and the bottom surface are also included.
The neutron box body 1 is formed by connecting an upper enclosing frame 2, a lower enclosing frame 3 and a guide rail, and the main structure of the neutron box body is shown in figure 3. The method has the advantages that the method not only has higher precision requirements on assembly sizes, but also comprises flatness requirements of the bottom surface, the left side surface and the right side surface, related verticality requirements and parallelism requirements of the upper joist supporting cushion block and the bottom surface; the other sub-boxes 1 are different in length, and the structure and the requirements are the same as those of the sub-boxes 1.
The upper surrounding frame 2 and the lower surrounding frame 3 in each subbox body 1 are different in size, and the structure and the requirement are the same, wherein the main structure of the lower surrounding frame 3 of the subbox body 1 is shown in fig. 4; the requirement on the form and position size is more, and the requirement comprises 0.15 of perpendicularity of all side plates to the bottom surface, 0.25 of perpendicularity or parallelism of all side plates to B, C reference surfaces and 0.25 of bottom surface planeness.
2. Assembly method
A precision assembly method for a stainless steel box type structural part comprises the following steps:
s1: the upper surrounding frame 2 and the lower surrounding frame 3 are assembled separately; assembling a plurality of upper and lower surrounding frames 2 and 3 separately;
s2: assembling the upper enclosure frame 2 and the lower enclosure frame 3 through a guide rail to form a sub-box body 1; the step S2 is to connect the upper enclosure frame 2 and the lower enclosure frame 3 through a guide rail to form a plurality of complete sub-boxes 1;
s3: assembling at least two sub-box bodies 1 to form a main box body; and S3, connecting the plurality of sub-box bodies 1 to complete the assembly of the main box body.
Specifically, the detailed steps of step S1 are:
s11: checking whether all the assembly parts of the upper enclosure frame 2 and the lower enclosure frame 3 are cleaned up or not, and ensuring that the surfaces of the parts are free of oil stains and impurities; if not, the cleaning liquid can be continuously adopted for cleaning;
s12: pre-assembling the upper surrounding frame 2 and the lower surrounding frame 3 on an assembling tool through pre-assembling pins, and detecting whether the assembling size is qualified or not in the pre-assembling process;
s13: rechecking all the assembly sizes, and replacing the pre-installed pins one by one with standard pins after the assembly sizes are completely qualified;
s14: welding the gaps on the upper surrounding frame 2 and the lower surrounding frame 3, and simultaneously spraying water for cooling the non-welded part;
s15: and polishing the surface welding seams on the upper surrounding frame 2 and the lower surrounding frame 3 smoothly.
The assembly tool comprises a tool bottom plate 82 and a positioning baffle 83; the tooling bottom plate 82 is provided with a positioning hole, and the positioning baffle 83 is arranged on the tooling bottom plate 82 through the positioning hole; in order to ensure the flatness of the bottom surface and the requirement on the size of an angular line, the assembly tool needs to position the bottom surface and the horizontal direction, so that the structure of the assembly tool is shown in fig. 5, a tool base 81 can be arranged below a tool bottom plate 82, and the flatness of the tool bottom plate 82 can be conveniently adjusted; preferably, the tooling base 81 is formed by splicing two 3.2m × 2.5m square boxes, and a tooling bottom plate 82 with positioning holes is mounted on each square box. When the tool bottom plate is used, the square box is adjusted to enable the flatness of the tool bottom plate 82 to be within 0.25.
Specifically, the detailed steps of step S12 are:
s121: assembling outermost side panels 31 of the upper enclosure frame 2 and the lower enclosure frame 3 on an assembling tool, positioning by pre-assembled pins and fixing by bolts to form a primary frame of the upper enclosure frame 2 and the lower enclosure frame 3; in this embodiment, a lower coaming is assembled as an example for detailed description, and a structural schematic diagram after installation in step S121 is shown in fig. 6; specifically, the outermost enclosing plate 31 and related accessories are installed by taking the surface D, B at the lower right corner as a reference, the outermost enclosing plate is positioned by pre-installed pins and fixed by bolts, and then whether the length, the width and the diagonal dimension are qualified or not is measured, and whether the lower enclosing plate is completely attached to the bottom surface is checked;
s122: sequentially installing internal coamings 32 and related accessories in the preliminary frame, measuring whether the size is qualified or not immediately after one coamings or one accessory is installed, and finely adjusting the positions of the coamings or the accessories until the size is qualified if the coamings or the accessories are not qualified; completing the preassembly of the upper enclosure frame 2 and the lower enclosure frame 3; in the present embodiment, the schematic structural diagram of the step S122 during installation is shown in fig. 7; the specific installation process is as follows: according to figure 7, the internal coamings 32 and the related accessories are sequentially installed from right to left, and when the assembly of the sheet box installing opening frame of one internal coamings 32 and the related accessories is finished, whether the diagonal dimension of the installing opening frame is qualified or not and whether the verticality of the coamings is qualified or not are immediately measured.
The detailed step of step S121 is:
s1211: horizontally placing the tool bottom plate 82, and ensuring the flatness of the tool bottom plate 82 to be within 0.25 mm; in the present embodiment, the square box can be adjusted to make the flatness of the tooling bottom plate 82 within 0.25;
s1212: installing a positioning baffle 83 on the tooling bottom plate 82, wherein the shape and size of the positioning baffle 83 are consistent with those of the upper enclosure frame 2 and the lower enclosure frame 3; in this embodiment, a specific structure of the debugged assembly fixture is shown in fig. 5;
s1213: sequentially attaching the outermost enclosing plate 31 and related accessories to the positioning baffle 83 by taking the two surfaces as references, positioning by pre-installing pins and fixing by bolts; in this embodiment, it is preferable to mount the panels in order based on the surface D, B on the lower right corner.
All pin holes of the upper enclosing frame 2 and the lower enclosing frame 3 are all
The standard pin size is found according to GB/T119.1-2000
The pin fit is transition fit, and the high probability is interference fit, so before formal assembly, a preassembled pin is needed for positioning, after the upper and lower enclosure frame parts are completely fixed, the preassembled pin is taken down, the standard pin is replaced, and the assembly is completed. According to the tolerance of a pin hole, preassembly pins with four specifications are required to be prepared, and the sizes of the preassembly pins are respectively as follows:
to obtain as high a pre-assembly positioning accuracy as possible. The above four specifications of pre-loaded pins were prepared in a preparation number 2 times the number of standard pins and distributed in a ratio of 1.
The detailed step of the step S2 is;
s21: installing a positioning baffle 83 on the tooling bottom plate 82, wherein the positioning baffle 83 is arranged on two adjacent right-angle edges and is used for positioning two adjacent surfaces of the lower enclosure frame 3; the assembly tooling used in the step S2 and the step S1 is one, that is, the assembly tooling used in the step S2 and the step S1 shares the tooling bottom plate 82 and the tooling base 81; the difference is that the installation position of the positioning baffle 83 in the step S2 is different; in the present embodiment, the structure of the assembled assembly fixture is shown in fig. 8; the positioning baffle 83 is used for positioning the A, B surface of the lower enclosure 3;
s22: vertically placing a lower enclosure frame 3 on a tool bottom plate 82, enabling two adjacent surfaces of the lower enclosure frame 3 to be tightly attached to a positioning baffle 83, and binding the lower enclosure frame 3 and the positioning baffle 83 through a fixing device; in this embodiment, the assembled lower enclosure frame 3 is placed on the tooling bottom plate 82 by taking the AB plane as a reference, the fixing device is a C-shaped clamp, that is, the C-shaped clamp binds the lower enclosure frame 3 with the positioning baffle 83; then checking whether the lower enclosure frame 3 is completely attached to the positioning baffle 83 and the tool bottom plate 82 or not, and if a gap exists, checking whether the gap is within 0.3 or not; the structure after installation is schematically shown in fig. 9.
S23: installing a first layer of guide rails 5 below the lower enclosing frame 3 through pre-installed pins, wherein the first layer of guide rails 5 are supported by a tool bottom plate 82; the number of the guide rails on each layer of guide rails is consistent, and the number of the guide rails on each layer of guide rails is at least 2; the first-layer guide rail 5 is placed on the tooling bottom plate 82, one end of the first-layer guide rail 5 is installed below the lower enclosure frame 3 and assembled with the lower enclosure frame 3, and a structural schematic diagram after assembly is shown in fig. 10;
s24: installing jacking tools 9 at the intervals of the first layer of guide rails 5; a jacking tool 9 is arranged at the interval between the guide rails in the first layer of guide rails 5 and used for supporting the second layer of guide rails 6; preparing for installing the next layer of guide rail; fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the jacking tool 9 in this embodiment after installation.
S25: mounting the second layer of guide rails 6 on the lower enclosing frame 3 through pre-installed pins; one end of the second layer of guide rail 6 is connected with the lower surrounding frame 3, and the cantilever end is supported by a jacking tool 9; fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the second-layer guide rail 6 after installation in the present embodiment;
s26: repeating the steps S24-S25 according to the number of the guide rail layers; in this embodiment, the number of the guide rail layers is 3, that is, a third layer of guide rail 7 needs to be installed; because the number of the guide rails on each layer of guide rails is consistent and the arrangement is consistent, the jacking tool 9 needs to be installed again before the third layer of guide rails 7 is installed, the jacking tool 9 is still installed at the interval of the first layer of guide rails 5 and is actually installed at the interval of the second layer of guide rails 6, and the difference between the jacking tool 9 and the step S24 is only the front and rear positions of the jacking tool 9; then, the third layer of guide rail 7 is installed on the lower enclosing frame 3 through a pre-installed pin; one end of the third layer of guide rail 7 is connected with the lower enclosure frame 3, and the cantilever end is supported by the jacking tool 9; fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of the third-layer guide rail 7 in the embodiment after installation;
s27: assembling the upper enclosure frame 2 and the guide rail through pre-installed pins, checking the size, and fixing the upper enclosure frame 2 and the guide rail by using bolts after the size is qualified;
s28: replacing the pre-installed pins with standard pins one by one, welding the connecting gaps between the guide rail and the upper enclosing frame 2 and the lower enclosing frame 3, and simultaneously spraying water for cooling the non-welded parts;
s29: polishing the weld joint on the surface smoothly to finish the assembly of the sub-box body 1; in this embodiment, since the upper and lower joists 4 are further provided on both sides of the sub-tank 1, after the step S29, the sub-tank 1 is turned by 90 ° along the guide rail direction, and the upper and lower joists 4 on both sides of the sub-tank 1 are mounted and welded.
The detailed steps of step S27 are:
s271: a guide block 33 is arranged at the cantilever end of each guide rail; in the present embodiment, a schematic structural view after the guide block 33 is mounted is shown in fig. 15;
s272: hoisting an upper enclosure frame 2 to align with the guide rail, wherein one side of the upper enclosure frame 2 is attached to the positioning baffle 83, and the bottom surface of the upper enclosure frame 2 is attached to the bottom plate; in this embodiment, namely, the right side of the upper enclosure frame 2 is attached to the positioning baffle 83;
s273: inserting the assembling position of the upper surrounding frame 2 into the guide block 33; at this time, the assembly position of the upper enclosure frame 2 and the guide rail are not assembled yet, and the step is to perform primary alignment so as to conveniently adjust the position;
s274: finely adjusting the jacking tool 9 to enable the assembly position of the upper enclosure frame 2 to be completely aligned with the guide rail;
s275: pushing the upper enclosure frame 2 in to enable the assembly position of the upper enclosure frame 2 to be matched with the guide rail, and installing a pre-installed pin; even if the cantilever end of the guide rail is inserted into the assembly position of the upper surrounding frame 2;
s276: checking the size, and taking down the guide block 33 after the size is qualified, and fixing by using a bolt; in the embodiment, the main inspection is to determine whether the diagonal line and other linear dimensions of the sub-box 1 are qualified; in the present embodiment, a schematic structural view of the mounted sub-tank 1 is shown in fig. 16.
In the embodiment, as with the assembly of the upper and lower surrounding frames 3, the fit between the pin holes of the sub-box 1 and the pins is also transition fit, so that pre-assembly is still required; on the standard pin specification, there are two types, 4 specifications of pre-installed pins are prepared for each pin hole specification, and the preparation size, the number and the proportion of the pre-installed pins are similar to those of the scheme adopted for assembling the upper and lower enclosing frames 3.
The jacking tool 9 comprises a jacking bracket 91 and a jacking body 92, wherein the jacking body 92 is used for supporting the guide rail; the jacking body 92 can move up and down on the jacking bracket 91; the jacking tool 9 is used for supporting the guide rail and positioning the plumb direction when the sub-box body 1 is assembled; the jacking support 91 is of a steel pipe welding structure, the jacking body 92 is connected with the jacking support 91 through a jacking screw 93, and the jacking support 91 moves up and down through the rotation of the jacking screw 93; when the lifting device is used, a level gauge can be placed on the lifted guide rail, and the jacking screw 93 is continuously adjusted until the guide rail is horizontal; the specific structure of the jacking tool 9 is shown in fig. 12.
The detailed steps of step S3 are:
s31: placing a first sub-box body 1 on an installation platform, and installing a TB block 34 on the sub-box body 1;
s32: aligning the first sub-box body 1 through a laser tracker, and fixing the first sub-box body 1; in this embodiment, bolts may be used for the fixation;
s33: establishing a space coordinate system according to the position of the first sub-box body 1; in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 17, a spatial coordinate system is established to check whether the spatial position of the TB block 34 is correct;
s34: preliminarily assembling the second sub-box body 1 with the first sub-box body 1, and installing a TB block 34 on the second sub-box body 1;
s35: adjusting the position of the second sub-box body 1 through a laser tracker to enable the spatial position of the TB block 34 on the second sub-box body 1 to be in place, and then installing a pre-installed pin and fixing the pin through a bolt; in this embodiment, the position of the second sub-housing 1 can be adjusted by a laser tracker to position the spatial position of the TB block 34 on the second sub-housing 1, and then the pre-installed pin is installed and fixed by a bolt; it should be noted that the assembly of the main box body still needs preassembly, and the specification of preassembly pins of the main box body is the same as that of preassembly pins required by the assembly of the sub-box body 1;
s36: repeating the step S32 to the step S35 according to the specific number of the sub-boxes 1; in this embodiment, 4 sub-cases 1 need to be assembled;
s37: checking whether all the assembly sizes are qualified or not, and if not, finely adjusting until the assembly sizes are qualified; after the size is qualified, replacing the preassembled pins one by one with standard pins;
s38: welding a connecting gap between the sub-tank bodies 1, and simultaneously spraying water to cool the non-welded part;
s39: polishing the weld joint on the surface to be smooth; the assembly of the overall box is completed.
In this embodiment, in order to further improve the mounting accuracy, further stipulations are made in terms of mounting details, specifically as follows:
1. installation of standard pins
Because the standard pin is installed in an interference fit mode with high probability, and considering that the installation environment is narrow, if a hammering method is adopted, the space possibly is insufficient, a temperature difference method (cold fit) can be adopted for installing the standard pin, namely the standard pin is deeply cooled by liquid nitrogen and then inserted into the pin hole.
2. Mounting of bolts
And meanwhile, due to the fact that the installation environment is narrow, the bolts can be installed conveniently and the assembling efficiency is improved, and the bolts can be installed by adopting a ratchet wrench.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical idea of the present application, several changes and modifications can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A precision assembly method for a stainless steel box type structural part is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: the upper enclosure frame and the lower enclosure frame are independently assembled;
s2: assembling the upper enclosure frame and the lower enclosure frame through the guide rail to form a sub-box body;
s3: assembling at least two sub-box bodies to form a main box body;
the detailed steps of the step S1 are as follows:
s11: checking whether all assembly parts of the upper enclosure frame and the lower enclosure frame are cleaned up or not, and ensuring that the surfaces of the parts are free of oil stains and impurities;
s12: pre-assembling an upper enclosing frame and a lower enclosing frame on an assembling tool through pre-assembling pins, and detecting whether the assembling size is qualified or not in the pre-assembling process;
s13: rechecking all the assembly sizes, and replacing the pre-installed pins one by one with standard pins after the assembly sizes are completely qualified;
s14: welding gaps on the upper enclosure frame and the lower enclosure frame, and simultaneously spraying water for cooling the non-welded positions;
s15: polishing the surface welding seams on the upper surrounding frame and the lower surrounding frame smoothly;
the sizes of the pin holes for assembling on the upper enclosing frame, the lower enclosing frame and the guide rail are all
The standard pin has the size of
The preassembly pins have four specifications, and the sizes of the preassembly pins are respectively as follows:
2. the precision assembling method for stainless steel box structural members according to claim 1, wherein the detailed steps of the step S12 are as follows:
s121: assembling outermost enclosing plates of the upper enclosing frame and the lower enclosing frame on an assembling tool, positioning by pre-assembling pins and fixing by bolts to form a primary frame of the upper enclosing frame and the lower enclosing frame;
s122: sequentially installing internal coamings and related accessories in the primary frame, immediately measuring whether the size is qualified or not when one coamings or one accessory is installed, and finely adjusting the positions of the coamings or the accessories until the size is qualified if the coamings or the accessories are not qualified; the preassembly of the upper enclosure frame and the lower enclosure frame is completed.
3. The precision assembly method of the stainless steel box-type structural member according to claim 2, wherein the assembly tool comprises a tool bottom plate and a positioning baffle plate; the tool bottom plate is provided with a positioning hole, and the positioning baffle is installed on the tool bottom plate through the positioning hole.
4. The precision assembling method for stainless steel box-type structural member according to claim 3, wherein the detailed steps of the step S121 are as follows:
s1211: horizontally placing the tool bottom plate, and ensuring the flatness of the tool bottom plate to be within 0.25 mm;
s1212: installing positioning baffles on a tool bottom plate, wherein the shape and size of the positioning baffles are consistent with those of an upper enclosure frame and a lower enclosure frame;
s1213: and sequentially attaching the enclosing plate at the outermost side and related accessories to the positioning baffle by taking two surfaces as references, positioning by using pre-installed pins, and fixing by using bolts.
5. The precision assembling method for the stainless steel box structural member according to claim 4, wherein the detailed steps of the step S2 are;
s21: installing positioning baffles on the tool bottom plate, wherein the positioning baffles are arranged on two adjacent right-angle edges and used for positioning two adjacent surfaces of the lower enclosure frame;
s22: vertically placing a lower enclosing frame on a tool bottom plate, enabling two adjacent surfaces of the lower enclosing frame to be tightly attached to a positioning baffle, and binding the lower enclosing frame with the positioning baffle through a fixing device;
s23: installing a first layer of guide rails below the lower enclosing frame through pre-installed pins, wherein the first layer of guide rails are supported by a tool bottom plate;
s24: installing jacking tools at intervals of the first layer of guide rails;
s25: mounting the second layer of guide rail on the lower enclosing frame through a pre-installed pin; one end of the second layer of guide rail is connected with the lower enclosing frame, and the cantilever end is supported by the jacking tool;
s26: repeating the steps S24-S25 according to the number of the guide rail layers;
s27: assembling the upper enclosure frame and the guide rail through pre-installed pins, checking the size, and fixing the upper enclosure frame and the guide rail by using bolts after the size is qualified;
s28: replacing the pre-installed pins with standard pins one by one, welding the connecting gaps of the guide rail and the upper and lower enclosing frames, and simultaneously spraying water for cooling the non-welded positions;
s29: and polishing the weld joint on the surface smoothly to finish the assembly of the sub-box body.
6. The precision assembling method for stainless steel box structural member according to claim 5, wherein the detailed steps of the step S27 are as follows:
s271: a guide block is arranged at the cantilever end of each guide rail;
s272: hoisting an upper enclosure frame to align with the guide rail, wherein one side of the upper enclosure frame is attached to the positioning baffle, and the bottom surface of the upper enclosure frame is attached to the bottom plate;
s273: inserting the assembling position of the upper enclosing frame into the guide block;
s274: finely adjusting the jacking tool to enable the assembly position of the upper enclosure frame to be completely aligned with the guide rail;
s275: pushing the upper enclosing frame to enable the assembling position of the upper enclosing frame to be matched with the guide rail, and installing a pre-installed pin;
s276: and (5) checking the size, taking down the guide block after the size is qualified, and fixing by using a bolt.
7. The precision assembling method for the stainless steel box structural part according to claim 5, wherein the jacking tool comprises a jacking bracket and a jacking body, and the jacking body is used for supporting the guide rail; the jacking body can move up and down on the jacking support.
8. The precision assembling method for the stainless steel box-type structural member according to claim 5, wherein the detailed steps of the step S3 are as follows:
s31: placing a first sub-box body on an installation platform, and installing a TB block on the sub-box body;
s32: aligning the first sub-box body through a laser tracker, and fixing the first sub-box body;
s33: establishing a space coordinate system according to the position of the first sub-box body;
s34: preliminarily assembling the second sub-box body with the first sub-box body, and installing a TB block on the second sub-box body;
s35: adjusting the position of a second sub-box body through a laser tracker to enable the spatial position of a TB block on the second sub-box body to be in place, and then installing a pre-installed pin and fixing the pre-installed pin through a bolt;
s36: repeating the step S32 to the step S35 according to the specific number of the sub-boxes;
s37: checking whether all the assembly sizes are qualified or not, and if not, finely adjusting until the assembly sizes are qualified; after the size is qualified, replacing the preassembled pins one by one with standard pins;
s38: welding the connecting gaps between the sub-tank bodies, and simultaneously spraying water to cool the parts which are not welded;
s39: and polishing the weld seam on the surface to be smooth.
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| US6239980B1 (en) * | 1998-08-31 | 2001-05-29 | General Electric Company | Multimodule interconnect structure and process |
| CN103464980B (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2016-04-13 | 郑州机械研究所 | The processing technology of many frame panel combined type parallel-axes gears box body |
| CN105665952B (en) * | 2014-11-21 | 2018-06-12 | 中国核工业第五建设有限公司 | The steam generator compartment of nuclear power station and the channel module packaging technology that reloads |
| US11276977B2 (en) * | 2016-10-04 | 2022-03-15 | Amphenol Fci Connectors Singapore Pte. Ltd. | Electrical connector and method of assembling the same |
| CN206306021U (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2017-07-07 | 南京雷尔伟新技术有限公司 | Accumulator box assembly tool |
| CN107671537B (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-03-01 | 中国航发航空科技股份有限公司 | Match the preassembled device of platform for aeroengine combustor buring room burner inner liner |
| CN107855753B (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2023-10-03 | 杭州西奥电梯有限公司 | Preassembling tool for upper steering arm and main drive of bus type escalator |
| CN110238621B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2020-12-01 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Reconfigurable flexible assembly system |
| CN110666489A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-01-10 | 杭州高品自动化设备有限公司 | Pin preassembling structure for positioning pin assembling mechanism and working method thereof |
| CN110877685B (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2021-06-01 | 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 | Precision control method for preassembling corner guide rail bracket of container ship |
| CN110977812B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2021-05-11 | 上海复合材料科技有限公司 | Glue joint assembly tool for star sensor support and use method |
| CN112719807A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-30 | 江阴东华铝材科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of battery replacing box body of new energy automobile |
| CN112846502B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-06-17 | 湖北三江航天红阳机电有限公司 | Preparation method of box-shaped structure box body |
| CN113245813B (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-10-01 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Self-positioning assembly system and method for rapid assembly of airplane |
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Address after: 618400 Sichuan Deyang Shifang Economic Development Zone (Ling Jie Park) blue sky Road No. 3 Patentee after: Sichuan Xinhang Titanium Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 618400 Sichuan Deyang Shifang Economic Development Zone (Ling Jie Park) blue sky Road No. 3 Patentee before: SICHUAN FUTURE AEROSPACE INDUSTRIAL Co.,Ltd. |