CN114192811B - Method for automatically turning titanium alloy product by turning and milling composite machine tool - Google Patents
Method for automatically turning titanium alloy product by turning and milling composite machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN114192811B CN114192811B CN202111643918.4A CN202111643918A CN114192811B CN 114192811 B CN114192811 B CN 114192811B CN 202111643918 A CN202111643918 A CN 202111643918A CN 114192811 B CN114192811 B CN 114192811B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B1/00—Methods for turning or working essentially requiring the use of turning-machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B5/00—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for automatically turning a titanium alloy product by a turning and milling composite machine tool, relates to the technical field of automatic turning of composite machine tools, and particularly relates to a programming and processing method for automatically turning a titanium alloy product by a turning and milling composite machine tool. The method for automatically turning the titanium alloy product by the turning and milling composite machine tool comprises the following steps: 11. collecting graphs and editing subroutines; 12. editing an automatic turning program; 13. adjusting three cutting elements; 14. adjusting equipment parameters; 15. checking a measurement reference; 16. clamping a titanium alloy product; 17. adjusting a cutter; 18. adjusting the spraying mode of the cooling liquid; 19. and (5) turning. The technical scheme of the invention solves the problems of high processing difficulty, easy abrasion of a cutter and reduced cutting capability of the titanium alloy in the prior art due to the self material characteristics of the titanium alloy; the existing processing equipment forms a processing path based on simple programming, is inconsistent with the actual blank condition, and has the problems of large empty cutter time, oversized product size and incapability of directly measuring the dosage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a method for automatically turning a titanium alloy product by a turning and milling composite machine tool, relates to the technical field of automatic turning of composite machine tools, and particularly relates to a programming and processing method for automatically turning a titanium alloy product by a turning and milling composite machine tool.
Background
The titanium alloy product has the advantages that due to the special material properties, such as relatively active metal, poor rigidity and variability, and large surface resilience after processing, the titanium alloy product is extremely easy to react with oxyhydrogen to form oxides due to the high temperature influence of cutting heat in the processing process, so that the abrasion to the cutting edge is increased, and the cutting capability is reduced. Strip cutting often occurs in processing, so that accumulated cutting burrs are easy to generate, and great difficulty and challenges are brought to mechanical processing compared with other nonferrous metal products.
Because of the limitation of processing equipment, the traditional machining method can only finish a straight-line and arc processing path based on simple programming, namely a finished product path, which is completely different from the actual blank condition, and a great amount of processing time is wasted in the rough machining process. In addition, the feeding speed can be artificially increased during the dry running, the risk of damaging the precision of the striking knife and the machine tool exists, and meanwhile, the process must be stopped for a plurality of times to realize the effectiveness of the next knife compensation, and a large amount of processing time is required to be occupied, so that the processing efficiency of the product is extremely low, the production period is delayed, and great economic loss is caused.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, a novel method for automatically turning a titanium alloy product by a turning and milling compound machine tool is researched and designed, so that the problems in the prior art are overcome.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the material characteristics of the titanium alloy, the processing difficulty is high, the cutter is easy to wear, and the cutting capability is reduced; the existing machining equipment forms a machining path based on simple programming, is inconsistent with the actual blank condition, wastes time in the rough machining process, has low product machining efficiency, and has the technical problems of risk of collision of a cutter, damage of machine tool precision and the like, thereby providing a method for automatically turning and machining a titanium alloy product by a turning and milling composite machine tool. The invention mainly designs a mechanical processing method of a numerical control programming control turning and milling composite machine tool, realizes automatic turning and milling composite processing of a titanium alloy product, ensures that the processed product has higher precision, and realizes complete processing of the titanium alloy product by optimizing a processing technology.
The invention adopts the following technical means:
the method for automatically turning the titanium alloy product by the turning and milling composite machine tool comprises the following steps:
11. graph acquisition and editing subprogram: adopting CAD drawing software to coordinate with the coordinate system of the existing turning and milling compound machine tool, measuring the blank aiming at the titanium alloy product to be processed to obtain the actual size of the blank, and measuring the sizes of the riser and the local protruding part of the outer contour in a targeted manner; projecting the multi-angle irregular curve outline onto a processing surface, and editing the projected graph into a turning and milling compound machine tool program to be used as a subprogram A for standby;
12. editing an automatic turning program: calculating the diameter of a workpiece serving as a main parameter in a main program to realize matching of linear speed and feed amount, editing constant linear speed into the main program through a G96 function, keeping the linear speed consistent in the whole processing process, improving the surface roughness, adding a G41 function, eliminating the influence of the radius of a tool nose on the shape of an arc profile, and eliminating the influence on the shape and position errors of a titanium alloy workpiece at various details of the program; performing logic association programming to edit the blank outline (subprogram A) and the finished product processing path (subprogram B) of the product to be processed in a main program to form a primary program and a secondary program, wherein the program can automatically program a cutter path according to the actual condition of the blank, so that the blank operation is avoided, and the processing efficiency is improved;
13. three elements of adjustment cutting: according to the characteristics of materials, the structure of a workpiece, the strength of a machine tool and the parameters of a cutter, three cutting elements, namely cutting speed, feeding amount and back cutting amount are optimized;
14. and (3) adjusting equipment parameters: according to the weight of the titanium alloy product to be processed and the self bearing capacity of a machine tool, the thickness of an oil film of a workbench is reduced to be 0.2mm in minimum allowable thickness, so that the drift of the processed product in the rotating process is reduced on the premise of ensuring the use safety of equipment, and the processing size is effectively controlled;
15. checking a measurement reference: before a titanium alloy product to be processed is clamped to a lathe, the actual size of the maximum outer diameter of the product is measured by a dial indicator by means of a measuring standard (requiring no interference with the processing process) of a lathe base disc, and measured data are stored by a milling channel of a turning and milling composite machine tool, so that the time for repeatedly checking the measuring standard is shortened, and the measuring accuracy is ensured;
16. and (3) clamping a titanium alloy product: when a titanium alloy product to be processed is clamped, the dial indicator is used for replacing an original pointer to perform centering and clamping of a blank workpiece, the dial indicator is pressed on the workpiece, then the workpiece is clamped by a clamp, and the change of the clamping force in percentage cannot exceed 10 wires;
17. adjusting a cutter: in the process of clamping the cutter, a gasket is added at the cutter body position, the cutter inclination angle of the mechanically-machined cutter is artificially increased, so that the cutter edge is always positioned at a position where the cutter edge contacts the oxide skin, the weakest cutter point part in the cutter blade is protected, and the cutting continuity is increased to a certain extent; meanwhile, cutters with different angles are selected at different processing stages, so that the influence of the cutting component force of the cutters on the deformation of the workpiece is reduced;
18. adjusting the spraying mode of the cooling liquid: the small spraying piece with the small diameter of 4mm is used for replacing the original large Kong Wanguan long spray head, so that the spraying strength of the cooling liquid is increased, and meanwhile, the condition that the bent pipe is rolled by the bag-shaped cutting is avoided;
19. turning: processing according to the programmed program.
Further, the formula for calculating the main parameters in step 12 is:
wherein: v represents: linear velocity;
d represents: the diameter of the workpiece;
n represents: an upper limit of the machine tool rotation speed;
v is edited into the subroutine.
Further, the upper limit input value N of the machine tool rotation speed is not higher than the upper limit value specified by the turning and milling compound machine tool.
Further, in the processing process in the step 13, the back cutting tool is fixed within 5mm, so that the self weight of a processed product is utilized to ensure the processing stability.
Further, in the processing procedure in step 15, a dial indicator is placed in the milling channel, and the influence of turning force on the deformation of the product is detected at any time
Further, in the step 16, clamping is performed through a clamp, the change of the clamping force on the dial indicator is within 0.1mm, and the influence of the clamping force on the deformation of the workpiece is reduced.
Further, in step 17, a large amount of oxide skin exists on the surface of the product, and the inclination angle of the cutter blade is artificially increased, so that the purpose of protecting the cutter can be achieved, and the cutting process is kept continuous.
Further, the small spraying part in the step 18 reduces the spraying caliber, increases the spraying strength of the cooling liquid under the condition of not changing the power of the motor, is beneficial to cleaning the knife tip, has a certain protection effect on the knife tip, and simultaneously can avoid the possibility of being rolled away by the strip-shaped cutting chips due to the shortened length of the spraying part.
Further, in step 19, a 75 ° turning tool and a chamfer 45 ° turning tool are selected in the rough machining portion; when the size of the finished product is close, a 90-degree lathe tool is selected to replace the original 75-degree or 45-degree lathe tool, so that the machining direction is perpendicular to the cutting edge, and the influence of the cutting component force on the deformation of the workpiece is eliminated; the cutters are used in a crossed mode, so that the finished product outline of the product is guaranteed to be machined by only using one fixed cutter, and the surface cutting quality of the product is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the method for automatically turning the titanium alloy product by the turning and milling composite machine tool, provided by the invention, for processing active nonferrous metal products, the high-temperature influence of cutting heat can be overcome, the actual cutting efficiency is increased, redundant tool paths are reduced, tool wear is reduced, the processing cost is reduced, and the processing efficiency is improved;
2. according to the method for automatically turning the titanium alloy product by the turning and milling composite machine tool, provided by the invention, the programmed numerical control machining program takes the blank shape as an actual machining path, so that the time of idle running and repeated modification and compensation of the machine tool is saved, the utilization rate of the turning and milling composite machine tool is improved, and the machining cost is reduced;
3. according to the method for automatically turning the titanium alloy product by the turning and milling composite machine tool, the self-calculation of the back cutting amount can be realized by designing the programmed numerical control machining program, the situation of large back cutting amount can not occur, the cutter loss is reduced, and the aims of cost reduction and synergy can be achieved;
4. according to the method for automatically turning the titanium alloy product by the turning and milling composite machine tool, the designed and compiled numerical control program can be stored in the turning and milling composite machine tool as a female parent, and all irregular large-barren-volume curved surface workpieces can be machined by changing a small amount of parameters later;
5. the method for automatically turning the titanium alloy product by the turning and milling composite machine tool can realize the automatic operation of the turning and milling composite machine tool to machine the titanium alloy product, and ensure the machining precision of the product;
6. the method for automatically turning the titanium alloy product by the turning and milling composite machine tool provided by the invention can realize independent turning, independent milling and turning double-channel composite machining of the titanium alloy product, shorten the time for machining the product, improve the production efficiency and reduce the economic loss;
7. the method for automatically turning the titanium alloy product by the turning and milling composite machine tool can be used in the numerical control machining manufacturing field of other industries, such as automobile industry, aviation industry and the like; the numerical control automatic turning and milling combined machining method can be suitable for numerical control automatic turning and milling combined machining of other active nonferrous metal alloy products.
In conclusion, the technical scheme of the invention solves the problems of high processing difficulty, easy tool abrasion and reduced cutting capability of the prior art due to the self material characteristics of the titanium alloy; the existing processing equipment forms a processing path based on simple programming, is inconsistent with the actual blank condition, wastes time in the rough machining process, has low product processing efficiency, and has the problems of risk such as cutter collision and machine tool precision damage.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the process of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a processing route of an old process of a product;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a processing route of a new process of a product;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a tool path prior to process optimization;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a tool path after process optimization.
In the figure: 1. normal movement 2, rapid turning 3, irregular blank 4 and feed direction; 5. turning tool 6, each turning path 7, effective cutting area 8, optimized turning path
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be clear that the dimensions of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the orientation word "inner and outer" refers to inner and outer relative to the contour of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
As shown in the figure, the invention provides a method for automatically turning a titanium alloy product by a turning and milling composite machine tool, which comprises the following steps:
11. graph acquisition and editing subprogram: adopting CAD drawing software to coordinate with the coordinate system of the existing turning and milling compound machine tool, measuring the blank aiming at the titanium alloy product to be processed to obtain the actual size of the blank, and measuring the sizes of the riser and the local protruding part of the outer contour in a targeted manner; projecting the multi-angle irregular curve outline onto a processing surface, and editing the projected graph into a turning and milling compound machine tool program to be used as a subprogram A for standby;
12. editing an automatic turning program: calculating the diameter of a workpiece serving as a main parameter in a main program to realize matching of linear speed and feed amount, editing constant linear speed into the main program through a G96 function, keeping the linear speed consistent in the whole processing process, improving the surface roughness, adding a G41 function, eliminating the influence of the radius of a tool nose on the shape of an arc profile, and eliminating the influence on the shape and position errors of a titanium alloy workpiece at various details of the program; performing logic association programming to edit the blank outline (subprogram A) and the finished product processing path (subprogram B) of the product to be processed in a main program to form a primary program and a secondary program, wherein the program can automatically program a cutter path according to the actual condition of the blank, so that the blank operation is avoided, and the processing efficiency is improved;
13. three elements of adjustment cutting: according to the characteristics of materials, the structure of a workpiece, the strength of a machine tool and the parameters of a cutter, three cutting elements, namely cutting speed, feeding amount and back cutting amount are optimized;
14. and (3) adjusting equipment parameters: according to the weight of the titanium alloy product to be processed and the self bearing capacity of a machine tool, the thickness of an oil film of a workbench is reduced to be 0.2mm in minimum allowable thickness, so that the drift of the processed product in the rotating process is reduced on the premise of ensuring the use safety of equipment, and the processing size is effectively controlled;
15. checking a measurement reference: before a titanium alloy product to be processed is clamped to a lathe, the actual size of the maximum outer diameter of the product is measured by a dial indicator by means of a measuring standard (requiring no interference with the processing process) of a lathe base disc, and measured data are stored by a milling channel of a turning and milling composite machine tool, so that the time for repeatedly checking the measuring standard is shortened, and the measuring accuracy is ensured;
16. and (3) clamping a titanium alloy product: when a titanium alloy product to be processed is clamped, the dial indicator is used for replacing an original pointer to perform centering and clamping of a blank workpiece, the dial indicator is pressed on the workpiece, then the workpiece is clamped by a clamp, and the change of the clamping force in percentage cannot exceed 10 wires;
17. adjusting a cutter: in the process of clamping the cutter, a gasket is added at the cutter body position, the cutter inclination angle of the mechanically-machined cutter is artificially increased, so that the cutter edge is always positioned at a position where the cutter edge contacts the oxide skin, the weakest cutter point part in the cutter blade is protected, and the cutting continuity is increased to a certain extent; meanwhile, cutters with different angles are selected at different processing stages, so that the influence of the cutting component force of the cutters on the deformation of the workpiece is reduced;
18. adjusting the spraying mode of the cooling liquid: the small spraying piece with the small diameter of 4mm is used for replacing the original large Kong Wanguan long spray head, so that the spraying strength of the cooling liquid is increased, and meanwhile, the condition that the bent pipe is rolled by the bag-shaped cutting is avoided;
19. turning: processing according to the programmed program.
The formula for calculating the main parameters in step 12 is:
wherein: v represents: linear velocity;
d represents: the diameter of the workpiece;
n represents: an upper limit of the machine tool rotation speed;
v is edited into the subroutine.
The upper limit input value N of the machine tool rotating speed is not higher than the upper limit value specified by the turning and milling compound machine tool.
In the processing process in the step 13, the back cutting tool is fixed within 5mm, so that the self weight of the processed product is utilized to ensure the processing stability.
In the processing process in the step 15, a dial indicator is placed in the milling channel, and the influence of turning force on the deformation of the product is detected at any time
In the step 16, the clamping is carried out through the clamp, the change of the clamping force on the dial indicator is shown within 0.1mm, and the influence of the clamping force on the deformation of the workpiece is reduced.
In the step 17, a large amount of oxide skin exists on the surface of the product, and the inclination angle of the cutter blade is artificially increased, so that the purpose of protecting the cutter can be achieved, and the continuity of the cutting process is maintained.
The small spraying part in the step 18 reduces the spraying caliber, increases the spraying strength of the cooling liquid under the condition of not changing the power of the motor, is beneficial to cleaning the knife tip, has a certain protection effect on the knife tip, and can avoid the possibility of being rolled away by the strip-shaped cutting chips due to the shortened length of the spraying part.
In step 19, selecting a 75-degree turning tool and a chamfering 45-degree turning tool in the rough machining part; when the size of the finished product is close, a 90-degree lathe tool is selected to replace the original 75-degree or 45-degree lathe tool, so that the machining direction is perpendicular to the cutting edge, and the influence of the cutting component force on the deformation of the workpiece is eliminated; the cutters are used in a crossed mode, so that the finished product outline of the product is guaranteed to be machined by only using one fixed cutter, and the surface cutting quality of the product is improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for automatically turning a titanium alloy product by a turning and milling composite machine tool is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method for automatically turning the titanium alloy product by the turning and milling composite machine tool comprises the following steps:
step 11, graph acquisition and editing subprogram: adopting CAD drawing software to coordinate with the coordinate system of the existing turning and milling compound machine tool, measuring the blank aiming at the titanium alloy product to be processed to obtain the actual size of the blank, and measuring the sizes of the riser and the local protruding part of the outer contour in a targeted manner; projecting the multi-angle irregular curve outline onto a processing surface, and editing the projected graph into a turning and milling compound machine tool program to be used as a subprogram A for standby;
step 12, editing an automatic turning program: calculating the diameter of a workpiece serving as a main parameter in a main program to realize matching of linear speed and feed amount, editing constant linear speed into the main program through a G96 function, keeping the linear speed consistent in the whole processing process, improving the surface roughness, adding a G41 function, eliminating the influence of the radius of a tool nose on the shape of an arc profile, and eliminating the influence on the shape and position errors of a titanium alloy workpiece at various details of the program; performing logic association programming to edit a subprogram A of a blank outline of a product to be processed and a subprogram B of a finished product processing path into a main program to form a son-mother program, wherein the program can automatically plan a cutter path according to the actual condition of the blank, so that the blank operation is avoided, and the processing efficiency is improved;
step 13, adjusting three elements of cutting: according to the characteristics of materials, the structure of a workpiece, the strength of a machine tool and the parameters of a cutter, three cutting elements, namely cutting speed, feeding amount and back cutting amount are optimized;
step 14, device parameter adjustment: according to the weight of the titanium alloy product to be processed and the self bearing capacity of a machine tool, the thickness of an oil film of a workbench is reduced to be 0.2mm in minimum allowable thickness, so that the drift of the processed product in the rotating process is reduced on the premise of ensuring the use safety of equipment, and the processing size is effectively controlled;
step 15, checking a measurement reference: before a titanium alloy product to be processed is clamped to a lathe, the actual size of the maximum outer diameter of the product is measured by a dial indicator by using the requirement of a measuring standard of a lathe base disc without interfering with the processing process, and measured data are stored by using a milling channel of a turning and milling composite machine tool, so that the time for repeatedly checking the measuring standard is reduced, and the measuring accuracy is ensured;
step 16, clamping a titanium alloy product: when a titanium alloy product to be processed is clamped, the dial indicator is used for replacing an original pointer to perform centering and clamping of a blank workpiece, the dial indicator is pressed on the workpiece, then the workpiece is clamped by a clamp, and the change of the clamping force on the dial indicator cannot exceed 10 wires;
step 17, adjusting a cutter: in the process of clamping the cutter, a gasket is added at the cutter body position, the cutter inclination angle of the mechanically-machined cutter is artificially increased, so that the cutter edge is always positioned at a position where the cutter edge contacts the oxide skin, the weakest cutter point part in the cutter blade is protected, and the cutting continuity is increased to a certain extent; meanwhile, cutters with different angles are selected at different processing stages, so that the influence of the cutting component force of the cutters on the deformation of the workpiece is reduced;
step 18, adjusting a spraying mode of the cooling liquid: the small spraying piece with the small diameter of 4mm is used for replacing the original large Kong Wanguan long spray head, so that the spraying strength of the cooling liquid is increased, and meanwhile, the condition that the bent pipe is rolled by the bag-shaped cutting is avoided;
step 19, turning: processing according to the programmed program.
2. The method for automatically turning a titanium alloy product by a turning and milling composite machine according to claim 1, wherein:
the formula for calculating the main parameters in the step 12 is as follows:
wherein: v represents: linear velocity; d represents: the diameter of the workpiece; n represents: an upper limit of the machine tool rotation speed; braiding VEditing into the subroutine.
3. The method for automatically turning a titanium alloy product by a turning and milling composite machine according to claim 2, wherein:
the upper limit input value N of the machine tool rotating speed is not higher than the upper limit value specified by the turning and milling compound machine tool.
4. The method for automatically turning a titanium alloy product by a turning and milling composite machine according to claim 1, wherein:
in the processing process in the step 13, the back cutting tool is fixed within 5mm, so that the self weight of a processed product is utilized to ensure the processing stability.
5. The method for automatically turning a titanium alloy product by a turning and milling composite machine according to claim 1, wherein:
in the processing process in the step 15, a dial indicator is placed in the milling channel, and the influence of turning force on the deformation of the product is detected at any time.
6. The method for automatically turning a titanium alloy product by a turning and milling composite machine according to claim 1, wherein:
in the step 16, the workpiece is clamped by the clamp, the change of the clamping force on the dial indicator is within 0.1mm, and the influence of the clamping force on the deformation of the workpiece is reduced.
7. The method for automatically turning a titanium alloy product by a turning and milling composite machine according to claim 1, wherein:
in the step 17, a large amount of oxide skin exists on the surface of the product, and the inclination angle of the cutter blade is artificially increased, so that the purpose of protecting the cutter can be achieved, and the continuity of the cutting process is maintained.
8. The method for automatically turning a titanium alloy product by a turning and milling composite machine according to claim 1, wherein:
the small spraying part in the step 18 reduces the spraying caliber, increases the spraying strength of the cooling liquid under the condition of not changing the power of the motor, is beneficial to cleaning the knife tip, has a certain protection effect on the knife tip, and simultaneously can avoid the possibility of being rolled away by the strip-shaped cutting chips due to the shortened length of the spraying part.
9. The method for automatically turning a titanium alloy product by a turning and milling composite machine according to claim 1, wherein:
in the step 19, a turning tool with the angle of 75 degrees and a turning tool with the angle of 45 degrees are selected in the rough machining part; when the size of the finished product is close, a 90-degree lathe tool is selected to replace the original 75-degree or 45-degree lathe tool, so that the machining direction is perpendicular to the cutting edge, and the influence of the cutting component force on the deformation of the workpiece is eliminated; the cutters are used in a crossed mode, so that the finished product outline of the product is guaranteed to be machined by only using one fixed cutter, and the surface cutting quality of the product is improved.
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| CN202111643918.4A CN114192811B (en) | 2021-12-29 | 2021-12-29 | Method for automatically turning titanium alloy product by turning and milling composite machine tool |
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| CN202111643918.4A CN114192811B (en) | 2021-12-29 | 2021-12-29 | Method for automatically turning titanium alloy product by turning and milling composite machine tool |
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| CN101334657A (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2008-12-31 | 清华大学 | Imaging interactive numerical control turning automatic programming method and system |
| CN108526488A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-09-14 | 广东工业大学 | A method of increase and decrease material prepares titanium alloy component |
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| CN113510283A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-10-19 | 内蒙古第一机械集团股份有限公司 | Cutting tool and cutting process for titanium alloy material |
| CN113547156A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-10-26 | 云南昆船机械制造有限公司 | Three-dimensional special-shaped reducing turbine shaft conical surface body turning and milling composite precise mirror surface machining method |
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