CN114190955A - Occipital-temporal area vision electroencephalogram signal acquisition system - Google Patents
Occipital-temporal area vision electroencephalogram signal acquisition system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a occipital-temporal area visual electroencephalogram signal acquisition system, which comprises a seat, a visual stimulation display for providing visual stimulation to a user on the seat, a suspended electroencephalogram helmet for acquiring electroencephalogram signals of an occipital-temporal area, and a control module for acquiring the electroencephalogram signals and controlling a presentation mode of stimulation pictures; the suspension electroencephalogram helmet comprises a transverse crown bidirectional tensioning anchor ring, a flexible suspension frame and an electrode assembly; the transverse crown bidirectional tensioning anchor ring comprises an anchor ring, two end parts of the anchor ring are overlapped at the rear side of the head and respectively penetrate through a first tensioning base, the first tensioning base is connected with a flexible suspension frame on the inner side of the anchor ring, and the electrode assembly acts on the occipital region. The invention has the advantages that: the control of the visual stimulation of the tested user is conveniently realized through the integrated seat, the visual stimulation display and the control module; when the anchor ring is locked, the electrode assembly can be attached to the temporal area of the head occipital region, and effective collection of electroencephalogram signals is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electroencephalogram acquisition, in particular to a system for acquiring occipital-temporal area visual electroencephalogram signals.
Background
The brain-computer interface (BCI) technology aims at establishing a direct information communication and control channel between the brain and a computer (or other mechanical electronic equipment), and is a novel brain-machine information communication method. With the gradual maturity of the BCI technology, the special advantages of the BCI technology are shown in the field of diagnosis and treatment of the agnosia and the autism, the BCI technology is adopted, and the real-time brain function signal analysis of a specific brain area is beneficial to early disease screening, quantitative feedback of a rehabilitation training method and quick evaluation of effectiveness of a novel medicine, so that the brain function disease diagnosis and treatment is promoted to enter a new stage of objective evaluation of brain functions of patients from subjective external behaviouristics analysis such as scales, eye movement tracking and machine vision.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is widely used for neuromechanistic studies of facial agnosia and autism, but it seals the test environment and is prone to induce claustrophobia and anxiety in patients. Meanwhile, the examinee is required to keep the head still during detection, and the method is not suitable for the patient with poor controllability and the children with low age. Therefore, researchers gradually adopt portable high-density electroencephalogram (EEG) and functional near infrared spectroscopy imaging (fNIRS) equipment to detect resting brain functions, patients and control groups thereof are classified and judged according to structural complexity in brain regions and coherence between brain regions, and the research is temporarily difficult to popularize and apply in clinical diagnosis and treatment due to the complex and time-consuming testing process and high equipment cost.
When steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) is a fixed frequency visual stimulus, the primary visual cortex of the human brain produces an EEG oscillatory response equal to (or similar to) the stimulus frequency, and the SSVEP component exhibits an energy enhancement at or above the stimulus frequency, with a frequency-locked relationship to the stimulus event. Compared with the behavioral measurement indexes, the periodic emotion face is embedded in the neutral face visual stimulation with fixed frequency, so that the internal recessive real-time measurement of the cognitive process can be objectively provided, in addition, compared with the resting brain function detection, the rapid periodic emotion face stimulation method based on the SSVEP technology has the advantages of high signal-to-noise ratio, simplicity in operation, strong adaptability to be tested and short test time, can further subdivide typical emotional response, and is expected to develop a targeting biomarker suitable for clinical diagnosis and treatment requirements of face agnosia and autism from the mechanism of brain visual dysfunction by utilizing the frequency locking characteristic of stimulation and response, so that the method has wide application prospects in the fields of early screening, diagnosis and treatment rehabilitation and drug evaluation.
However, no specialized steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) electroencephalogram signal acquisition and analysis system is available in the prior art, and currently, scientific research-grade electroencephalogram signal amplifiers are used for assisting, and a visual image presentation system, a seat and the like are used as main parts, so that a plurality of auxiliary personnel are required to participate in adjusting the range of the tested visual angle, monitoring the test process state (attention, head movement and the like) and recording electroencephalogram signals.
To the acquirement of EEG signal, mainly carry out signal acquisition through the mode of wearing the EEG cap among the prior art, and the EEG cap uses elastic fabric material more, it is taut fixed through modes such as magic subsides in jaw department down, skull upside and jaw bear main pulling force, frontal lobe, parietal lobe department electrode fixation is effectual, but can't provide pressure to skull side rear occipital temporal region, it is poor to lead to occipital temporal region electrode laminating effect, need pour into a large amount of electrically conductive cream in order to keep reasonable impedance into, and excessive electrically conductive cream probably arouses to close on the electrode and switches on, reduce the spatial resolution who EEG signal gathered. In addition, in the test process, the actions of subconscious swallowing and the like can drive the relative motion between the mandible and the temporal bone, so that electroencephalogram motion artifacts are introduced, and the artifacts need to be manually removed through post-processing.
Notice for CN 207707910U's utility model provides a helmet-type brain electricity cap uses normal saline as conducting medium, and the preparation time is short, but signal quality can't satisfy SSVEP brain electrical signal acquisition analysis demand. The electrode is fixed on the ABS material retainer according to a 10-20 system method, the curved surface of the retainer cannot be accurately matched with the outline of the head, so that the electrode is difficult to coincide with the normal line of a tested skull, the elastic compression effect is reduced, the wearing comfort is poor, and the conductive medium is easy to lose.
In addition, the resting brain function detection method based on EEG and fNIRS has complex and time-consuming test process and higher equipment cost, and is difficult to popularize and apply in clinical diagnosis and treatment. In an event-related potential (EEG ERPs) method with time-domain time-locking characteristics, N170 electroencephalogram components related to face recognition are only sensitive to face or object directions, emotional face-to-face cognitive differences are difficult to distinguish, and therefore collected electroencephalogram signals cannot be effectively separated and extracted, and the electroencephalogram signals cannot be effectively utilized and researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electroencephalogram signal acquisition system which is convenient for carrying out visual stimulation on a user and acquiring electroencephalogram signals of occipital and temporal areas.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme: a system for collecting occipital-temporal area vision electroencephalogram signals comprises,
the seat is used for bearing a tested user;
a visual stimulus display for providing a visual stimulus to a user on the seat;
the suspension electroencephalogram helmet is worn on the head of the user to be tested and is used for acquiring electroencephalogram signals of the occipital and temporal areas;
the control module is used for acquiring electroencephalogram signals of the suspended electroencephalogram helmet and controlling a presentation mode of a stimulation picture;
the suspension electroencephalogram helmet comprises a transverse crown bidirectional tensioning anchor ring matched with the head, a flexible suspension frame matched with the occipital-temporal area and an electrode assembly fixed on the flexible suspension frame; the two-way tensioning anchor ring of horizontal hat is including enclosing the anchor ring that closes the setting along the head, two tip of anchor ring overlap in the rear side of head, wear to establish respectively in first tensioning base at the both ends of anchor ring, first tensioning pedestal connection has the flexible suspension frame that is in the anchor ring inboard, the both sides of flexible suspension frame are fixed with respectively electrode assembly, electrode assembly acts on occipitalia area, the anchor ring at least one end can be relative first tensioning base slide adjustment anchor ring length.
The invention conveniently realizes the control of visual stimulation and the extraction of electroencephalogram signals of a tested user through the integrated seat, the visual stimulation display and the control module; aiming at the problem that the electroencephalogram signals in the occipital temporal area are difficult to extract, the transverse crown bidirectional tensioning anchor ring capable of wrapping the head of a user and adjusting the size of the anchor ring is specially designed, the head is convenient to fix and lock, meanwhile, the flexible suspension frame for fixing the electrode assembly is arranged on the tensioning base, and when the anchor ring is locked, the electrode assembly can be attached to the occipital temporal area of the head, and effective collection of the electroencephalogram signals is guaranteed.
Preferably, the two ends of the anchor ring are respectively provided with an adjusting groove, the adjusting grooves are respectively provided with a rack along the length direction, the racks on the two adjusting grooves are respectively arranged on two side edges, the first tensioning base is provided with a gear shaft meshed with the two racks, the outer side of the first tensioning base is provided with an adjusting knob coaxial with the gear shaft, and the gear shaft can rotate along with the adjusting knob.
Preferably, an accommodating groove is formed in the first tensioning base, a ratchet wheel is arranged in the accommodating groove, at least two first ratchets are uniformly arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the ratchet wheel, a circle of second ratchets are arranged on the inner surface of the accommodating groove along the circumferential direction, the first ratchets can pass through the second ratchets in the tooth-following rotation, and the first ratchets can be abutted to the second ratchets in the reverse tooth rotation; a gap is formed between the ratchet wheel and the first ratchet, and one end of the first ratchet along the tooth direction is connected with the ratchet wheel;
a rectangular hole is formed in the center of the ratchet wheel, a protruding shaft which is in splicing fit with the rectangular hole is arranged on the axis of the gear shaft in an extending mode, at least two waist circular grooves are uniformly formed in the ratchet wheel in the circumferential direction, and a positioning rod which is matched with the waist circular grooves is arranged on the adjusting knob; the outer surface of the first ratchet in the tooth direction is also provided with a notch, the adjusting knob is provided with a wedge-shaped ejector rod matched with the notch, the wedge-shaped ejector rod is abutted against the notch in the tooth direction of the first ratchet, and the wedge-shaped ejector rod can move in the reverse tooth direction of the first ratchet to enable the first ratchet to deform towards the inner side of the ratchet;
the adjusting knob is provided with a screw penetrating through the convex shaft, one side of the gear shaft is provided with a nut in threaded connection with the end part of the screw, and the gear shaft and the screw are freely matched along the circumferential direction.
Preferably, the two sides of the head part of the anchor ring are respectively provided with a lateral tensioning belt, the middle position of the front side of the head part of the anchor ring is provided with a front tensioning belt, the end parts of the lateral tensioning belts are overlapped and are fixed and the tensioning degree is controlled through a second tensioning base, and the matching structure of the second tensioning base and the two lateral tensioning belts is the same as the matching structure of the first tensioning base and the two ends of the anchor ring;
the front side tensioning takes surface arrangement to have the transverse groove perpendicular with length direction, second tensioning base length direction's intermediate position outstanding the buckle that is provided with to the front side, the appearance groove that has the run-through on the buckle, the upper and lower surface that holds the groove is provided with spacing arch respectively, the front side tensioning takes to pass along length direction the appearance groove of buckle, the front side tensioning takes to insert along length direction and holds the groove and can cross spacing arch, spacing arch can prevent the front side tensioning to take to leave with the transverse groove butt and hold the groove, it can lift up to make spacing arch and transverse groove relieve spacingly to hold at least one side in groove.
Preferably, the flexible suspension frame comprises a connecting plate fixedly connected with the first tensioning base, a mounting frame fixed on the connecting plate, and a plurality of electrode holders arranged on the mounting frame, the electrode assembly is mounted on the electrode holders, the connecting plate is clamped and fixed on the inner side of the first tensioning base, two ends of the connecting plate in the length direction are respectively provided with a cavity, the mounting frame comprises a plunger slidably matched with the cavity, flanges clamped with each other are arranged at the end part of the plunger and the end part of the cavity, and a spring is limited in the cavity;
the plunger is provided with a plurality of spherical shells in an outward divergence shape, the electrode seat is of a spherical hinge structure matched with the spherical shells, the electrode assembly comprises a cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve matched with the spherical hinge structure and an electrode fixed on the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve, the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve is provided with a spherical bulge, and the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve is plugged into the electrode seat;
the electrode holder is arranged in a divergent manner relative to the plug, a guide pipe for communicating the cavity with the electrode holder is arranged on the plug, and the guide pipe penetrates through the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve and the electrode; conductive paste is filled in the cavity; one end of the cavity, which is far away from the mounting frame, is provided with a pre-injection hole for injecting the conductive paste, and a sealing cover is arranged on the pre-injection hole in a threaded manner.
Preferably, the electrode holders are arranged on the mounting rack on the left side at positions P7, P9 and PO7 of the 10-20 international standard lead system, and the electrode holders are arranged on the mounting rack on the right side at positions P8, P10 and PO8 of the 10-20 international standard lead system.
Preferably, the seat is fixed on a base, a linear guide rail is arranged on the base, the seat can slide along the linear guide rail to change the position, the visual stimulation display is fixed on a supporting bedplate, and the supporting bedplate is fixed on the adjusting bracket; the control module is a computer.
Preferably, the control module controls the visual stimulation display to provide visual stimulation pictures for the tested user, and the visual stimulation display randomly blackens the screen t before the visual stimulation startsrSecond-prompt contrast of the stimulus picture from 0 to 100% through tpFade in second, visual stimulus display according to standard stimulus frequency fsHz presents a neutral face picture, and the emotional face picture is stimulated by a target stimulation frequency fdHz, and the contrast of the stimulation picture is prompted to pass through T from 100 percent to 0 after the whole process lasts for T secondspFading out second; the tested user performs the visual stimulation sequence k times in total, the neutral face pictures used each time are the same, the face of the emotional face is different, and the face of the emotional face is presented in an upright or inverted mode;
in the process of presenting the stimulation picture, each picture size is n times of the original picture size, and the picture contrast is changed in a sine rule, namely y is sin (pi f)s·t)，
Wherein y is the contrast of the picture, and the picture shows fade-in and fade-out effects.
Preferably, the control module uses an electroencephalogram amplifier to carry out 24-bit AD on channel electroencephalogram signals, the sampling rate is 1kHz, 0.1-100 Hz band-pass filtering and 50Hz notch filtering are adopted, electroencephalogram signals collected by a plurality of electrode assemblies in left and right occipital-temporal regions are subjected to time domain averaging, the wave amplitude is larger than +/-80 μ V, and signals with attention left and right hand judgment task reaction time smaller than 200ms or more than 1250ms are regarded as artifact automatic elimination.
Preferably, the occipital-temporal time domain average electroencephalogram signals acquired by k times of visual stimulation sequences are subjected to multi-window frequency spectrum estimation,
where K is the number of windows, f is the frequency, yk(f) For the frequency characteristic coefficient, the calculation formula is as follows,
wherein, x (N) is an electroencephalogram data sequence, N is a sequence length, and gk(n) is a kth data window function, which satisfies mutual orthogonality among a plurality of data windows;
the sinusoidal series data window function is expressed as,
noise is introduced into the rhythmic discharge of the cerebral cortex, the environment and the circuit, so that a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is introduced as a characteristic parameter of the identification response, namely the ratio of the amplitude of a specific frequency band to the average amplitude of 20 frequency bands at two sides, and a calculation formula of the signal-to-noise ratio is as follows,
wherein ,
is the signal-to-noise ratio of the EEG signal corresponding to the target stimulation fundamental frequency or the harmonic component thereof,
the power spectrum amplitude of the brain electrical signal corresponding to the target stimulation fundamental frequency or the harmonic component thereof.
The occipital-temporal area vision electroencephalogram signal acquisition system provided by the invention has the advantages that: the control of visual stimulation and the extraction of electroencephalogram signals of a tested user are conveniently realized through the integrated seat, the visual stimulation display and the control module; aiming at the problem that the electroencephalogram signals in the occipital temporal area are difficult to extract, the transverse crown bidirectional tensioning anchor ring capable of wrapping the head of a user and adjusting the size of the anchor ring is specially designed, the head is convenient to fix and lock, meanwhile, the flexible suspension frame for fixing the electrode assembly is arranged on the tensioning base, and when the anchor ring is locked, the electrode assembly can be attached to the occipital temporal area of the head, and effective collection of the electroencephalogram signals is guaranteed.
The self-locking of the anchor ring is realized through the ratchet structure, the electrodes are fixed through the flexible suspension frame, and the flexible fixing and fitting of the occipital temporal electrode are realized by utilizing the flexible deformation, the elastic adaptation and the compliant rotation of the spherical hinge of the independent electrode.
The periodic emotional face visual stimuli (happy, feared, angry, sad, surprised and disgust) are embedded into the fixed-frequency neutral face visual stimuli, and the internal recessive measurement of the emotional face cognitive process can be rapidly, objectively and accurately provided.
The multi-window frequency spectrum estimation is adopted to process the electroencephalogram data and calculate the signal-to-noise ratio index, and the sine sequence data window function is used, so that the operation speed is high. And a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is introduced as an identification response characteristic parameter, namely the ratio of the amplitude of a specific frequency band to the average amplitude of 20 frequency bands at two sides, so that the identifiability of the emotional face target stimulation signal is further enhanced, and the electroencephalogram data can be conveniently analyzed and researched.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a occipital-temporal area vision electroencephalogram signal acquisition system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a suspension electroencephalogram helmet of the occipital-temporal area vision electroencephalogram signal acquisition system provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a transverse-crown bidirectional tensioning anchor ring of a suspension-type electroencephalogram helmet provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a matching structure of a first tensioning base and a ratchet of a suspension-type electroencephalogram helmet provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a matching structure of a ratchet wheel and an adjusting knob of a suspension-type electroencephalogram helmet provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a matching structure of a front tension band and a second tension base of the suspension-type electroencephalogram helmet provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a structure of a front tension band and a buckle of a suspension-type electroencephalogram helmet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a flexible suspension frame of a suspended electroencephalogram helmet provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a connection plate and an attachment fitting of a suspension-type electroencephalogram helmet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a stimulation picture providing manner of the occipital temporal area vision electroencephalogram signal acquisition system provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a graph showing a variation of SNR values of electroencephalograms collected by a system for collecting electroencephalograms of occipital-temporal vision according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a graph of changes in SNR values of electroencephalograms acquired by the occipital-temporal area vision electroencephalogram signal acquisition system under the fear face.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention are described below in detail and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a occipital-temporal area vision electroencephalogram signal collecting system, which includes a seat 1 for bearing a user to be tested; the visual stimulation display 2 is used for providing visual stimulation for a user on the seat 1, the suspension type electroencephalogram helmet 5 is worn on the head of the user to be tested and used for collecting electroencephalogram signals of the occipital and temporal areas, and the control module 3 is used for obtaining the electroencephalogram signals of the suspension type electroencephalogram helmet 5 and controlling the visual stimulation display 2 to provide a presentation mode of stimulating pictures.
With reference to fig. 2 and 3, the suspension-type electroencephalogram helmet 5 comprises a transverse crown bidirectional tensioning anchor ring 51 matched with the head, a flexible suspension frame 52 matched with the occipital temporal region and an electrode assembly 53 fixed on the flexible suspension frame 52, the transverse crown bidirectional tensioning anchor ring 51 comprises an anchor ring 511 which is arranged in a circle along the head in a surrounding manner, two ends of the anchor ring 511 are overlapped at the rear side of the head and penetrate through a first tensioning base 512, the first tensioning base 512 is connected with the flexible suspension frame 52 which is positioned at the inner side of the anchor ring 511, the electrode assembly 53 is respectively fixed on two sides of the flexible suspension frame 52, the electrode assembly 53 acts on the occipital temporal region, and at least one end of the anchor ring 511 can slide relative to the first tensioning base 512 to adjust the length of the anchor ring 511.
The implementation conveniently realizes the control of visual stimulation and the extraction of electroencephalogram signals of a tested user through the integrated seat 1, the visual stimulation display 2 and the control module 3; aiming at the problem of difficulty in extracting electroencephalogram signals in the occipital-temporal area, the transverse crown bidirectional tensioning anchor ring 51 capable of wrapping the head of a user and adjusting the size of the anchor ring 511 is designed particularly, the head can be conveniently fixed and locked, meanwhile, the flexible suspension frame 52 for fixing the electrode assembly 53 is arranged on the tensioning base 512, the electrode assembly 53 can be attached to the occipital-temporal area of the head while the anchor ring 511 is locked, and effective acquisition of the electroencephalogram signals is guaranteed.
Specifically, the seat 1 is fixed on a base 11, the base 11 is provided with a linear guide rail 12, the seat 1 can slide along the linear guide rail 12 to adjust the position, the visual stimulation display 2 is fixed on a supporting bedplate 21, and the supporting bedplate 21 is fixed on an adjusting bracket 4, so that the position of the visual stimulation display 2 can be adjusted through the adjusting bracket 4, and the relative height and distance between the seat 1 and the visual stimulation display 2 can be flexibly adjusted; the control module 3 is a computer.
In order to avoid fatigue and vagueness of the tested user, buttons can be arranged on the supporting bedplate 21, and the user can alternately press the buttons by using the left hand and the right hand when seeing the stimulation pictures so as to keep the attention of the user.
Referring to fig. 3, two ends of the anchor ring 511 are respectively provided with an adjusting groove 5111, the adjusting grooves 5111 are respectively provided with a rack 5112 along the length direction, the racks 5112 on the two adjusting grooves 5111 are respectively arranged on two different side edges, the first tensioning base 512 is provided with a gear shaft 513 engaged with the two racks 5112, an adjusting knob 514 coaxial with the gear shaft 513 is arranged outside the first tensioning base 512, and the gear shaft 513 can rotate along with the adjusting knob 514. Therefore, under the rotating action of the adjusting knob 514, the two ends of the driving anchor ring 511 respectively follow the gear shaft 513 to rotate and extend, and are matched with the head of the tested user.
Referring to fig. 4, an accommodating groove (not shown) is formed in an outer surface of the first tensioning base 512, a ratchet 515 is disposed in the accommodating groove, at least two first ratchet teeth 5151 are uniformly disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the ratchet 515, a circle of second ratchet teeth 5122 is circumferentially disposed on an inner surface of the accommodating groove, the first ratchet teeth 5151 can pass over the second ratchet teeth 5122 in a clockwise rotation manner, and the first ratchet teeth 5151 can abut against the second ratchet teeth 5122 in an anticlockwise rotation manner. With reference to fig. 5, a gap 5152 is formed between the ratchet wheel 515 and the first ratchet teeth 5151, and one end of the first ratchet teeth 5151 in the tooth direction is connected with the ratchet wheel 515, so that the end of the first ratchet teeth 5151 can deform towards the inside of the ratchet wheel 515 to disengage from the second ratchet teeth 5122.
With reference to fig. 3 to 5, a rectangular hole 5153 is formed in the center of the ratchet 515, a protruding shaft (not shown) is extended from the axis of the gear shaft 513 and is in insertion fit with the rectangular hole 5153, at least two oval grooves 5154 are uniformly formed in the ratchet 515 along the circumferential direction, a positioning rod 5141 which is in fit with the oval grooves 5154 is arranged on the adjusting knob 514, a notch 5155 is further formed in the outer surface of the first ratchet 5151 in the forward direction, a wedge-shaped push rod 5142 which is in fit with the notch 5155 is further arranged on the adjusting knob 514, the wedge-shaped push rod 5142 is abutted against the notch 5155 in the forward tooth direction of the first ratchet 5151, and the wedge-shaped push rod 5142 can move in the reverse tooth direction of the first ratchet 5151 to deform the first ratchet 5151 toward the inner side of the ratchet 515. The adjusting knob 514 is provided with a screw 516 penetrating through the protruding shaft, one side of the gear shaft 513 is provided with a nut 5161 screwed with the end part of the screw 516, and the gear shaft 513 is freely matched with the screw 516 along the circumferential direction, so that under the condition that the gear 515 of the gear shaft 513 is axially connected with the adjusting knob 514, the adjusting knob 514 and the gear shaft 513 are allowed to freely rotate relatively, and the rotation of the gear shaft 513 is controlled only by the action of the ratchet 515.
In the embodiment, the structure of the ratchet 515 is designed to be locked at any position, and the length of the anchor ring 511 can be adjusted along with the rotation of the adjusting knob 514, specifically, in a natural state, the anchor ring 511 should have a desired extending trend, taking the perspective of fig. 4 as an example, the ratchet 515 needs to be rotated counterclockwise to drive the two ends of the anchor ring 511 to move apart relatively, but the first ratchet 5151 of the ratchet 515 abuts against the second ratchet 5122 of the first tensioning base 512 in the counterclockwise direction, so that the ratchet 515 cannot rotate spontaneously, and the self-locking of the length of the anchor ring 511 is achieved.
With reference to fig. 4 and 5, when the length of the anchor ring 511 needs to be actively adjusted, the wedge-shaped push rod 5142 is matched with the notch 5155, the adjusting knob 514 is rotated clockwise in fig. 4, the ratchet 515 is driven to rotate clockwise, at this time, the first ratchet 5151 of the ratchet 515 can be deformed inwards to avoid when passing through the second ratchet 5122, so as to pass through smoothly, and the gear shaft 513 rotates along with the ratchet 515 to tighten the anchor ring 511. When the length of the anchor ring 511 needs to be increased, the adjusting knob 514 is rotated anticlockwise under the view angle of fig. 4, as the positioning rod 5141 of the adjusting knob 514 is positioned in the round waist groove 5154 of the ratchet 515, the adjusting knob can rotate anticlockwise and slightly relative to the ratchet 515 under the condition that the ratchet 515 is not moved, so that the wedge-shaped push rod 5142 presses on the outer circular surface of the first ratchet 5151, the first ratchet 5151 deforms towards the inner side of the ratchet 515 to be disengaged from the second ratchet 5122, and then the ratchet 515 rotates anticlockwise along with the adjusting gear 514 under the driving of the positioning rod 5141 to release the length of the anchor ring 511.
Referring to fig. 2 again, the anchor ring 511 is further provided with a lateral tensioning belt 517 respectively on two sides of the head, a front tensioning belt 518 is provided in the middle of the head, the ends of the lateral tensioning belts 517 are overlapped and fixed and control the tensioning degree through a second tensioning base 519, and the matching structure of the second tensioning base 519 and the lateral tensioning belts 517 on two sides is the same as the matching structure of the first tensioning base 512 and the two ends of the anchor ring 511, and the description is omitted here.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, a transverse groove perpendicular to the length direction is formed in the surface of the front side tension belt 518, a buckle 5191 protrudes towards the front side from the middle position of the second tension base 519 in the length direction, a through groove (not shown) is formed in the bayonet 5191, a limiting protrusion 5192 is respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the groove, the front side tension belt 518 penetrates through the groove of the buckle 5191 in the length direction, the front side tension belt 518 is inserted into the groove in the length direction and can pass over the limiting protrusion 5192, the limiting protrusion 5192 can abut against the transverse groove to prevent the front side tension belt 518 from leaving the groove, at least one side of the groove can be lifted to enable the limiting protrusions 5192 on the two sides to be separated from each other and disengaged from the transverse groove, and at the moment, the front side tension belt 518 can be pulled out of the groove.
With reference to fig. 2, 8 and 9, the flexible suspension 52 includes a connection plate 521 fixedly connected to the first tensioning base 512, a mounting frame (not shown) fixed to the connection plate 521, and a plurality of electrode holders 523 disposed on the mounting frame, the electrode assembly 53 is mounted on the electrode holders 523, the connection plate 521 is fastened to the inner side of the first tensioning base 512, so that the electrode assembly 53 can be directly attached to the temporal region of the head occipital region, two ends of the connection plate 521 in the length direction are respectively provided with a cavity 5211, the mounting frame includes a plunger 5221 slidably fitted in the cavity 5211, the ends of the plunger 5221 and the end of the cavity 5211 are provided with flanges (not shown) fastened to each other, so that the plunger 5221 can slide in the cavity 5211, and a spring 5213 is limited in the cavity 5211.
The plunger 5221 is connected with a plurality of spherical shells 5222 in an outward-divergent manner, the electrode holder 523 is in a spherical hinge structure and is pressed in the spherical shells 5222, the electrode assembly 53 comprises a cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve 531 matched with the spherical hinge structure of the electrode holder 523 and an electrode 532 fixed on the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve 531, the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve 531 is provided with a spherical bulge capable of being plugged in the electrode holder 523, the electrode 532 is a sintered AgCl electrode and is embedded in the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve 531, the plunger 5221 is further provided with a flow guide pipe 5223 for communicating the cavity 5211 with the electrode holder 523, the flow guide pipe 5223 penetrates through the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve 531 and the electrode 532, the cavity 5211 is filled with a conductive paste, one end of the cavity 5211, which is far away from the mounting frame, is provided with a pre-injection hole 5214 for injecting the conductive paste, and the pre-injection hole 5214 is provided with a sealing cover 5215.
When the electroencephalogram helmet is used, the sealing cover 5215 is rotated and unscrewed, the conductive paste is injected into the pre-injection hole 5214 through the injector, after the suspension electroencephalogram helmet 5 is worn on the head of a user to be tested, the electrode 532 is attached to the head, the anchor ring 511 is tightened by rotating the adjusting knob 514, the electrode 532 is pressed tightly at the moment, the plunger 5221 slides towards the inside of the cavity 5211 to extrude the conductive paste in the cavity 5211, and the conductive paste flows to each electrode 532 along the flow guide pipe 5223, so that the injection of the conductive paste is realized while the electrode 532 is pressed tightly.
Specifically, the electrode seat 523 is arranged at the positions of P7, P9 and PO7 of the 10-20 international standard lead system on the left side of the mounting frame, and the mounting seat 523 is arranged at the positions of P8, P10 and PO8 of the 10-20 international standard lead system on the right side of the mounting frame, so that the acquisition of occipital-temporal area signals is realized.
During testing, the control module 3 controls the visual stimulation display 2 to provide a visual stimulation picture to the tested user, referring to fig. 10, before the start of the visual stimulation, the visual stimulation display 2 randomly blackens the screen trSecond, the contrast of the prompt stimulus picture passes t from 0 to 100%pFade in seconds, then visual stimulus display follows standard stimulus frequency fsHz presents a neutral face picture, and the emotional face picture is stimulated by a target stimulation frequency fdHz, and the contrast of the stimulation picture is prompted to pass through T from 100 percent to 0 after the whole process lasts for T secondspFading out second; the tested user performs the visual stimulation sequence k times in total, the neutral face pictures used each time are the same, the face of the emotional face is different, and the face of the emotional face is presented in an upright or inverted mode.
In the test, 2-7 kinds of face pictures with different emotions are provided, specifically comprising happiness, fear, anger, sadness, surprise, disgust and the like; t is trA random number, t, within 2-5p＝2s，fsHas a value range of 4 to 6, fdThe value range of (a) is 0.8-1.2, the value range of T is 40-60 seconds, and the value range of k is 2-12.
In the presentation process of the stimulation picture, the size of each picture is n times of the size of the original picture, n is a random value within 0.7-1.4, and the contrast of the picture is changed in a sine rule, namely y is sin (pi f)s·t)，
Wherein y is the contrast of the picture, and the picture shows fade-in and fade-out effects.
The control module uses an electroencephalogram amplifier to carry out 24-bit AD on channel electroencephalogram signals, the sampling rate is 1kHz, 0.1-100 Hz band-pass filtering and 50Hz notch filtering are adopted, the electroencephalogram signals collected by a plurality of electrode assemblies in the occipital and temporal regions on the left side and the right side are subjected to time domain averaging, the wave amplitude is larger than +/-80 mu V, and the signals with the attention left and right hand judgment task reaction time smaller than 200ms or more than 1250ms are regarded as artifact automatic elimination.
For the acquired electroencephalogram signals, the embodiment also provides a processing method, specifically, firstly, the electroencephalogram signals acquired by the plurality of electrodes 532 are subjected to time domain average processing, then multi-window frequency spectrum estimation is performed,
where K is the number of windows, f is the frequency, yk(f) For the frequency characteristic coefficient, the calculation formula is as follows,
wherein, x (N) is an electroencephalogram data sequence, N is a sequence length, and gk(n) is a kth data window function, which satisfies mutual orthogonality among a plurality of data windows;
the sinusoidal series data window function is expressed as,
noise is introduced into the rhythmic discharge of the cerebral cortex, the environment and the circuit, so that a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is introduced as a characteristic parameter of the identification response, namely the ratio of the amplitude of a specific frequency band to the average amplitude of 20 frequency bands at two sides, and a calculation formula of the signal-to-noise ratio is as follows,
wherein ,
is the signal-to-noise ratio of the EEG signal corresponding to the target stimulation fundamental frequency or the harmonic component thereof,
the power spectrum amplitude of the brain electrical signal corresponding to the target stimulation fundamental frequency or the harmonic component thereof. The SNR obtained by calculation can be used as raw data for electroencephalogram analysis and research, and referring to fig. 11 and 12, changes in SNR values after electroencephalogram data processing of a user to be tested under stimulation of an angry emotion face and a fear emotion face are shown respectively.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a occipital temporal area vision EEG signal acquisition system which characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
the seat is used for bearing a tested user;
a visual stimulus display for providing a visual stimulus to a user on the seat;
the suspension electroencephalogram helmet is worn on the head of the user to be tested and is used for acquiring electroencephalogram signals of the occipital and temporal areas;
the control module is used for acquiring electroencephalogram signals of the suspended electroencephalogram helmet and controlling a presentation mode of a stimulation picture;
the suspension electroencephalogram helmet comprises a transverse crown bidirectional tensioning anchor ring matched with the head, a flexible suspension frame matched with the occipital-temporal area and an electrode assembly fixed on the flexible suspension frame; the two-way tensioning anchor ring of horizontal hat is including enclosing the anchor ring that closes the setting along the head, two tip of anchor ring overlap in the rear side of head, wear to establish respectively in first tensioning base at the both ends of anchor ring, first tensioning pedestal connection has the flexible suspension frame that is in the anchor ring inboard, the both sides of flexible suspension frame are fixed with respectively electrode assembly, electrode assembly acts on occipitalia area, the anchor ring at least one end can be relative first tensioning base slide adjustment anchor ring length.
2. The occipital-temporal vision electroencephalogram signal acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two ends of the anchor ring are respectively provided with an adjusting groove, the adjusting grooves are respectively provided with a rack along the length direction, the racks on the two adjusting grooves are respectively arranged on two side edges, a gear shaft meshed with the two racks is arranged on the first tensioning base, an adjusting knob coaxial with the gear shaft is arranged on the outer side of the first tensioning base, and the gear shaft can rotate along with the adjusting knob.
3. The occipital-temporal vision electroencephalogram signal acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: an accommodating groove is formed in the first tensioning base, a ratchet wheel is placed in the accommodating groove, at least two first ratchets are uniformly arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the ratchet wheel, a circle of second ratchets are arranged on the inner surface of the accommodating groove along the circumferential direction, the first ratchets can pass through the second ratchets in the tooth-following rotation, and the first ratchets can be abutted to the second ratchets in the reverse tooth rotation; a gap is formed between the ratchet wheel and the first ratchet, and one end of the first ratchet along the tooth direction is connected with the ratchet wheel;
a rectangular hole is formed in the center of the ratchet wheel, a protruding shaft which is in splicing fit with the rectangular hole is arranged on the axis of the gear shaft in an extending mode, at least two waist circular grooves are uniformly formed in the ratchet wheel in the circumferential direction, and a positioning rod which is matched with the waist circular grooves is arranged on the adjusting knob; the outer surface of the first ratchet in the tooth direction is also provided with a notch, the adjusting knob is provided with a wedge-shaped ejector rod matched with the notch, the wedge-shaped ejector rod is abutted against the notch in the tooth direction of the first ratchet, and the wedge-shaped ejector rod can move in the reverse tooth direction of the first ratchet to enable the first ratchet to deform towards the inner side of the ratchet;
the adjusting knob is provided with a screw penetrating through the convex shaft, one side of the gear shaft is provided with a nut in threaded connection with the end part of the screw, and the gear shaft and the screw are freely matched along the circumferential direction.
4. The occipital-temporal vision electroencephalogram signal acquisition system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the anchor ring is provided with a lateral tensioning belt on each of two sides of the head, a front tensioning belt is arranged in the middle of the front side of the head, the end parts of the lateral tensioning belts are overlapped and are fixed and the tensioning degree is controlled through a second tensioning base, and the matching structure of the second tensioning base and the two lateral tensioning belts is the same as the matching structure of the first tensioning base and the two ends of the anchor ring;
the front side tensioning takes surface arrangement to have the transverse groove perpendicular with length direction, second tensioning base length direction's intermediate position outstanding the buckle that is provided with to the front side, the appearance groove that has the run-through on the buckle, the upper and lower surface that holds the groove is provided with spacing arch respectively, the front side tensioning takes to pass along length direction the appearance groove of buckle, the front side tensioning takes to insert along length direction and holds the groove and can cross spacing arch, spacing arch can prevent the front side tensioning to take to leave with the transverse groove butt and hold the groove, it can lift up to make spacing arch and transverse groove relieve spacingly to hold at least one side in groove.
5. The occipital-temporal vision electroencephalogram signal acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the flexible suspension frame comprises a connecting plate fixedly connected with the first tensioning base, a mounting frame fixed on the connecting plate and a plurality of electrode seats arranged on the mounting frame, the electrode assembly is mounted on the electrode seats, the connecting plate is clamped and fixed on the inner side of the first tensioning base, two ends of the connecting plate in the length direction are respectively provided with a cavity, the mounting frame comprises a plunger slidably matched with the cavity, flanges clamped with each other are arranged at the end part of the plunger and the end part of the cavity, and a spring is limited in the cavity;
the plunger is provided with a plurality of spherical shells in an outward divergence shape, the electrode seat is of a spherical hinge structure matched with the spherical shells, the electrode assembly comprises a cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve matched with the spherical hinge structure and an electrode fixed on the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve, the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve is provided with a spherical bulge, and the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve is plugged into the electrode seat;
the electrode holder is arranged in a divergent manner relative to the plug, a guide pipe for communicating the cavity with the electrode holder is arranged on the plug, and the guide pipe penetrates through the cup-shaped rubber electrode sleeve and the electrode; conductive paste is filled in the cavity; one end of the cavity, which is far away from the mounting frame, is provided with a pre-injection hole for injecting the conductive paste, and a sealing cover is arranged on the pre-injection hole in a threaded manner.
6. The occipital-temporal vision electroencephalogram signal acquisition system according to claim 5, characterized in that: the electrode holders are arranged on the left side of the mounting rack at the positions P7, P9 and PO7 of the 10-20 international standard lead system, and the electrode holders are arranged on the right side of the mounting rack at the positions P8, P10 and PO8 of the 10-20 international standard lead system.
7. The occipital-temporal vision electroencephalogram signal acquisition system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the seat is fixed on a base, a linear guide rail is arranged on the base, the seat can slide along the linear guide rail to change the position, the visual stimulation display is fixed on a supporting bedplate, and the supporting bedplate is fixed on the adjusting bracket; the control module is a computer.
8. The occipital-temporal vision electroencephalogram signal acquisition system according to claim 7, characterized in that: the control module controls the visual stimulation display to provide visual stimulation pictures for the tested user, and the visual stimulation display randomly blackens the screen t before the visual stimulation startsrSecond, the contrast of the prompt stimulus picture passes t from 0 to 100%pFade in seconds, then visual stimulus display follows standard stimulus frequency fsHz presents a neutral face picture, and the emotional face picture is stimulated by a target stimulation frequency fdHz, and the contrast of the stimulation picture is prompted to pass through T from 100 percent to 0 after the whole process lasts for T secondspFading out second; the tested user performs the visual stimulation sequence k times in total, the neutral face pictures used each time are the same, the face of the emotional face is different, and the face of the emotional face is presented in an upright or inverted mode;
in the process of presenting the stimulation picture, each picture size is n times of the original picture size, and the picture contrast is changed in a sine rule, namely y is sin (pi f)s·t)，
Wherein y is the contrast of the picture, and the picture shows fade-in and fade-out effects.
9. The occipital-temporal vision electroencephalogram signal acquisition system according to claim 8, characterized in that: the control module uses an electroencephalogram amplifier to carry out 24-bit AD on channel electroencephalogram signals, the sampling rate is 1kHz, 0.1-100 Hz band-pass filtering and 50Hz notch filtering are adopted, the electroencephalogram signals collected by a plurality of electrode assemblies in the occipital and temporal regions on the left side and the right side are subjected to time domain averaging, the wave amplitude is larger than +/-80 mu V, and the signals with the attention left and right hand judgment task reaction time smaller than 200ms or more than 1250ms are regarded as artifact automatic elimination.
10. The occipital-temporal vision electroencephalogram signal acquisition system according to claim 9, characterized in that: performing multi-window frequency spectrum estimation on occipital-temporal time domain average electroencephalogram signals acquired by k times of visual stimulation sequences,
where K is the number of windows, f is the frequency, yk(f) For the frequency characteristic coefficient, the calculation formula is as follows,
wherein, x (N) is an electroencephalogram data sequence, N is a sequence length, and gk(n) is a kth data window function, which satisfies mutual orthogonality among a plurality of data windows;
the sinusoidal series data window function is expressed as,
noise is introduced into the rhythmic discharge of the cerebral cortex, the environment and the circuit, so that a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is introduced as a characteristic parameter of the identification response, namely the ratio of the amplitude of a specific frequency band to the average amplitude of 20 frequency bands at two sides, and a calculation formula of the signal-to-noise ratio is as follows,
wherein ,
is the signal-to-noise ratio of the EEG signal corresponding to the target stimulation fundamental frequency or the harmonic component thereof,
the power spectrum amplitude of the brain electrical signal corresponding to the target stimulation fundamental frequency or the harmonic component thereof.
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