CN114188181B - A height switch for aircraft waste water systems - Google Patents
A height switch for aircraft waste water systems Download PDFInfo
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- CN114188181B CN114188181B CN202210143757.0A CN202210143757A CN114188181B CN 114188181 B CN114188181 B CN 114188181B CN 202210143757 A CN202210143757 A CN 202210143757A CN 114188181 B CN114188181 B CN 114188181B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
- H01H35/24—Switches operated by change of fluid pressure, by fluid pressure waves, or by change of fluid flow
- H01H35/26—Details
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
- H01H35/24—Switches operated by change of fluid pressure, by fluid pressure waves, or by change of fluid flow
- H01H35/34—Switches operated by change of fluid pressure, by fluid pressure waves, or by change of fluid flow actuated by diaphragm
- H01H35/343—Switches operated by change of fluid pressure, by fluid pressure waves, or by change of fluid flow actuated by diaphragm by snap acting diaphragm
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于飞机废水系统的高度开关,包括弹跳膜片;受感器组合,其包括密封设置的压力腔体,压力腔体内设置隔离膜片,隔离膜片通过盖板与弹跳膜片自由连接;隔离膜片用以将随高度变化的压力转换为集中力传递至弹跳膜片上,弹跳膜片发生弹跳动作带动中心杆运动;开关座组合,其一端与插座信号相连,其另一端与受感器组合螺纹连接。本发明在使用过程中,压力腔体感受压力,其中的隔离膜片随着高度的不同,其感受到的压力值也不同,并将该压力值传递至弹跳膜片上,进而带动中心杆运动,以将高度信号转换为位移信号,随后,将信号传送至插座,以将位移信号转化为开关量电信号并传送至外部系统。
The invention discloses a height switch used in an aircraft waste water system, comprising a bouncing diaphragm; a sensor combination, which includes a sealed pressure chamber, an isolation diaphragm is arranged in the pressure chamber, and the isolation diaphragm is connected to the bounce through a cover plate. The diaphragm is freely connected; the isolating diaphragm is used to convert the pressure that changes with height into concentrated force and transmit it to the bouncing diaphragm, and the bouncing action of the bouncing diaphragm drives the movement of the center rod; the switch seat is combined, one end of which is connected to the socket signal, and the other end is connected to the socket signal. The other end is screwed with the sensor combination. During the use of the present invention, the pressure chamber feels the pressure, and the isolating diaphragm in it has different pressure values with different heights, and transmits the pressure value to the bouncing diaphragm, thereby driving the center rod to move , to convert the height signal into a displacement signal, and then transmit the signal to the socket to convert the displacement signal into a switch electrical signal and transmit it to an external system.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于飞机用高度开关的技术领域,具体涉及一种用于飞机废水系统的高度开关。The invention belongs to the technical field of altitude switches for aircraft, and in particular relates to a height switch used in aircraft waste water systems.
背景技术Background technique
目前在航空、航天及相关领域应用广泛的高度开关,其主要为金属膜盒式和波纹膜片式结构,主要存在两个不足之处:At present, the height switches widely used in aviation, aerospace and related fields are mainly metal diaphragm and corrugated diaphragm structures, and there are two main shortcomings:
耐腐蚀能力不足,因为飞机废水系统中的水汽混合物有腐蚀性,会对高度开关中的金属膜片和膜盒产生腐蚀,限制高度开关的使用寿命。Insufficient corrosion resistance, because the water vapor mixture in the aircraft wastewater system is corrosive, which will corrode the metal diaphragm and diaphragm in the height switch, limiting the service life of the height switch.
触点烧蚀现象,现有结构的高度开关可以制成较小的体积,但触点的闭合断开比较缓慢,容易产生火花和电弧,造成压力开关触点烧蚀。在振动环境中表现更为明显,严重影响压力开关的可靠性和寿命。而且当压力值在额定启动压力值附近变化时,触点会出现反复闭合断开的现象,高度开关会发出误报警信号。如压力开关后端接有感性负载,那么在触点断开的瞬间还会有感应电动势存在,加速接触点的烧蚀。Contact ablation phenomenon, the height switch of the existing structure can be made into a smaller volume, but the closing and opening of the contact is relatively slow, and it is easy to generate sparks and arcs, resulting in ablation of the pressure switch contacts. The performance is more obvious in the vibration environment, which seriously affects the reliability and life of the pressure switch. Moreover, when the pressure value changes near the rated starting pressure value, the contacts will be repeatedly closed and disconnected, and the height switch will issue a false alarm signal. If there is an inductive load connected to the back end of the pressure switch, there will be an induced electromotive force at the moment when the contact is disconnected, which will accelerate the ablation of the contact point.
随着压力开关应用环境的越来越复杂,导致了目前原理的高度开关存在诸多问题。As the pressure switch application environment becomes more and more complex, there are many problems in the current principle of the height switch.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术中的上述不足,提供一种用于飞机废水系统的高度开关,以解决或改善上述的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to solve or improve the above-mentioned problems by aiming at the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a height switch used in the aircraft waste water system.
为达到上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案是:In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
一种用于飞机废水系统的高度开关,其包括:A height switch for an aircraft wastewater system, comprising:
弹跳膜片;Bounce diaphragm;
受感器组合,其包括密封设置的压力腔体,压力腔体内设置隔离膜片,隔离膜片通过盖板与弹跳膜片自由连接;隔离膜片用以将随高度变化的压力转换为集中力传递至弹跳膜片上,弹跳膜片发生弹跳动作带动中心杆运动,用以将高度信号转换为位移信号;The sensor combination includes a sealed pressure chamber, an isolation diaphragm is arranged in the pressure chamber, and the isolation diaphragm is freely connected with the bounce diaphragm through a cover plate; the isolation diaphragm is used to convert the pressure that changes with height into a concentrated force It is transmitted to the bouncing diaphragm, and the bouncing action of the bouncing diaphragm drives the movement of the center rod to convert the height signal into a displacement signal;
开关座组合,其一端与插座信号相连,其另一端与受感器组合螺纹连接,用以将位移信号转化为开关量电信号并传送至外部系统。One end of the switch base assembly is connected with the socket signal, and the other end is connected with the sensor assembly threadedly, so as to convert the displacement signal into a switch quantity electrical signal and transmit it to an external system.
进一步地,隔离膜片与下外壳之间装有第一密封圈,隔离膜片和中心杆之间装有第二密封圈,并通过盖板和螺母压紧以形成的空间为压力腔体。Further, a first sealing ring is installed between the isolation diaphragm and the lower casing, and a second sealing ring is installed between the isolation diaphragm and the center rod, and the space formed by pressing the cover plate and the nut is a pressure cavity.
进一步地,盖板包括上盖板和下盖板,隔离膜片位于上盖板和下盖板之间,弹跳膜片设置于上盖板上。Further, the cover plate includes an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate, the isolation diaphragm is located between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, and the bouncing diaphragm is arranged on the upper cover plate.
进一步地,上盖板、下盖板和隔离膜片上开设有对应的通孔,通孔内穿设中心杆,中心杆向上延伸,并穿过止动器后与开关座组合接触。Further, the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate and the isolation diaphragm are provided with corresponding through holes, a center rod is inserted through the through holes, the center rod extends upward, passes through the stopper and is combined with the switch seat.
进一步地,中心杆的底部设置有螺母,螺母与弹簧的一端相连,弹簧的另一端与调节螺母相连,调节螺母调节弹簧压缩量以调节弹跳膜片的初始状态的预压力。Further, the bottom of the center rod is provided with a nut, the nut is connected with one end of the spring, and the other end of the spring is connected with an adjusting nut, and the adjusting nut adjusts the spring compression to adjust the initial state of the bouncing diaphragm.
进一步地,插座通过第一螺钉安装在外壳上,外壳底部通过第二螺钉安装在受感器组合上外壳上,且外壳和上外壳之间设有密封圈,并通过第一保险丝和第二保险丝将第一螺钉、第二螺钉和通气螺钉进行固定;第一螺钉和通气螺钉均安装于外壳上,且第一螺钉上开有“T”形孔。Further, the socket is mounted on the casing by the first screw, the bottom of the casing is mounted on the upper casing of the sensor combination by the second screw, and a sealing ring is arranged between the casing and the upper casing, and the first fuse and the second fuse are provided with a sealing ring. The first screw, the second screw and the ventilation screw are fixed; the first screw and the ventilation screw are both installed on the casing, and a "T"-shaped hole is opened on the first screw.
进一步地,开关座组合与受感器组合之间采用螺纹连接,并通过锁紧螺母锁紧定位;开关座组合和插座通过导线连接,导线将电信号传递到插座,以供外部系统采集使用。Further, the switch seat combination and the sensor combination are connected by threads, and are locked and positioned by the locking nut; the switch seat combination and the socket are connected by wires, and the wires transmit electrical signals to the socket for external system collection and use.
进一步地,受感器组合包括上外壳和下外壳,上外壳和下外壳之间开设有密封圈安装槽。Further, the sensor assembly includes an upper casing and a lower casing, and a sealing ring mounting groove is opened between the upper casing and the lower casing.
进一步地,隔离膜片的材质为非金属材质,并采用波纹成型。Further, the material of the isolating diaphragm is a non-metallic material and adopts corrugated molding.
进一步地,下外壳与安装板固定连接,并通过安装板固定于飞机上。Further, the lower casing is fixedly connected with the mounting plate, and is fixed on the aircraft through the mounting plate.
本发明提供的用于飞机废水系统的高度开关,具有以下有益效果:The height switch for the aircraft wastewater system provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1、本发明在使用过程中,压力腔体感受压力,其中的隔离膜片随着高度的不同,其感受到的压力值也不同,并将该压力值传递至弹跳膜片上,进而带动中心杆运动,以将高度信号转换为位移信号,随后,将信号传送至插座,以将位移信号转化为开关量电信号并传送至外部系统。1. During the use of the present invention, the pressure chamber feels pressure, and the isolating diaphragm in it has different pressure values with different heights, and the pressure value is transmitted to the bouncing diaphragm, thereby driving the center The rod moves to convert the height signal into a displacement signal, and then the signal is transmitted to the socket to convert the displacement signal into a switch value electrical signal and transmit it to an external system.
2、本发明可用于感受飞机废水箱与舱内压力差值,能够间接控制真空泵电源通断的高度开关,利用非金属隔离膜片的耐腐蚀性和弹跳膜片的位移突跳特性解决传统高度开关不耐腐蚀和触点烧蚀的问题。2. The present invention can be used to sense the pressure difference between the aircraft waste water tank and the cabin, and can indirectly control the height switch of the power supply of the vacuum pump. The switch is not resistant to corrosion and contact ablation problems.
3、本发明利用弹跳膜片具有动作迅速和位移突变特性,可以提高度开关接通断开的速度,避免因高度开关触点间隙过小,解决现有高度开关在振动环境中出现压力开关反复接通和断开导致触点烧蚀的问题。3. The present invention utilizes the characteristics of rapid action and sudden displacement of the bouncing diaphragm, which can improve the speed of turning on and off the height switch, avoid the contact gap of the height switch being too small, and solve the problem of repeated pressure switches in the vibration environment of the existing height switch. Problems with contact ablation caused by making and breaking.
4、本发明的隔离膜片采用耐腐蚀的非金属材料,可实现高度压力信号的传递,实现飞机废水系统中的废水与产品内部零件的隔离,可有效的提高高度开关的使用寿命。4. The isolation diaphragm of the present invention adopts corrosion-resistant non-metallic materials, which can realize the transmission of high pressure signals, realize the isolation of waste water in the aircraft waste water system and the internal parts of the product, and can effectively improve the service life of the height switch.
5、本发明通过调整弹簧对弹跳膜片的预压力,可以在高度结构不变的前提下,满足多种高度工作点的要求。5. By adjusting the pre-pressure of the spring on the bouncing diaphragm, the present invention can meet the requirements of various height working points on the premise that the height structure is unchanged.
6、本发明设置的弹跳膜片和弹簧组成的弹跳系统,该弹跳系统的初始状态为弹跳膜片处于正跳状态,以此实现小真空度高度信号的稳定测量。6. The bouncing system provided by the present invention is composed of a bouncing diaphragm and a spring. The initial state of the bouncing system is that the bouncing diaphragm is in a positive jumping state, so as to realize the stable measurement of the small vacuum degree height signal.
7、本发明开关座组合为密封结构,其作为电信号转换单元,触点处于良好的工作环境中,提高了触点的抗烧蚀能力。7. The switch seat of the present invention is combined into a sealed structure, which acts as an electrical signal conversion unit, and the contacts are in a good working environment, which improves the ablation resistance of the contacts.
8、本发明对弹跳膜片的弹跳位置进行限位,其中,受感器组合的上外壳可限制弹跳膜片正弹跳的位置,止动器用以限制反弹跳的位置,以保证高度开关长期稳定工作。8. The present invention limits the bouncing position of the bouncing diaphragm, wherein the upper casing of the sensor combination can limit the position where the bouncing diaphragm is bouncing, and the stopper is used to limit the bouncing position to ensure the long-term stability of the height switch Work.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为用于飞机废水系统的高度开关的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a height switch used in an aircraft waste water system.
图2为用于飞机废水系统的高度开关的前视图。Figure 2 is a front view of a height switch for an aircraft waste water system.
其中,1、下外壳;2、盖板;3、安装板;4、上外壳;5、弹跳膜片;6、止动器;7、中心杆;8、插座;9、导线;10、开关座组合;11、第二密封圈;12、第一密封圈;13、隔离膜片;14、螺母;15、弹簧;16、调节螺母;17、第二螺钉;18、外壳;19、第一螺钉;20、通气螺钉;21、第一保险丝;22、锁紧螺钉;23、第二保险丝。Among them, 1. Lower shell; 2. Cover plate; 3. Mounting plate; 4. Upper shell; 5. Bounce diaphragm; 6. Stopper; 7. Center rod; 8. Socket; 9. Conductor; 10. Switch Seat combination; 11, second sealing ring; 12, first sealing ring; 13, isolating diaphragm; 14, nut; 15, spring; 16, adjusting nut; 17, second screw; 18, shell; 19, first screw; 20, vent screw; 21, first fuse; 22, locking screw; 23, second fuse.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面对本发明的具体实施方式进行描述,以便于本技术领域的技术人员理解本发明,但应该清楚,本发明不限于具体实施方式的范围,对本技术领域的普通技术人员来讲,只要各种变化在所附的权利要求限定和确定的本发明的精神和范围内,这些变化是显而易见的,一切利用本发明构思的发明创造均在保护之列。The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below to facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the present invention, but it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, as long as various changes Such changes are obvious within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and determined by the appended claims, and all inventions and creations utilizing the inventive concept are within the scope of protection.
根据本申请的一个实施例,参考图1,本方案的用于飞机废水系统的高度开关,包括:According to an embodiment of the present application, referring to FIG. 1 , the height switch for an aircraft wastewater system of the present solution includes:
弹跳膜片5,弹跳膜片5在作业时,克服弹簧15的弹力,反跳动作,此时,开关座组合10的状态切换,并通过插座8输出状态切换的信号。The bouncing
受感器组合,其包括密封设置的压力腔体,压力腔体内设置隔离膜片13,隔离膜片13通过盖板2与弹跳膜片5自由连接;隔离膜片13用以将随高度变化的压力转换为集中力传递至弹跳膜片5上,弹跳膜片5发生弹跳动作带动中心杆7运动,用以将高度信号转换为位移信号。The sensor combination includes a sealed pressure cavity, an
开关座组合10,其一端与插座8信号相连,其另一端与受感器组合螺纹连接,用以将位移信号转化为开关量电信号并传送至外部系统。One end of the
本发明弹跳膜片5是一种加载或卸载到一定程度时能发生位移突变的膜片,该位移突变特性可以提高信号器接通断开的速度和改善信号器接触点间隙过小的问题,避免信号器在振动环境中出现触点返复接通和断开的现象,以此改善或避免接触点烧蚀的问题,非金属膜片作为隔离膜片13具有耐腐蚀、成本低等特点,利用弹跳膜片5和非金属的隔离膜片13设计的高度开关可以有效解决触点烧蚀和不耐腐蚀的问题。The bouncing
本发明的压力腔体的形成为,在隔离膜片13与下外壳1之间装有第一密封圈12,隔离膜片13和中心杆7之间装有第二密封圈11,并通过盖板2和螺母14压紧以形成的空间为压力腔体。The pressure chamber of the present invention is formed such that a
作为本发明盖板2的进一步的实施方式,盖板2包括上盖板和下盖板,隔离膜片13位于上盖板和下盖板之间,弹跳膜片5设置于上盖板上;在具体作业时,压力传递至隔离膜片13,隔离膜片13感受随高度改变压力的变化,将压力转换为集中力传递到弹跳膜片5和弹簧15上,弹跳膜片5弹跳动作,进而带动中心杆7上下运动,以实现信号的转化传递。As a further embodiment of the
位于上盖板、下盖板和隔离膜片13上开设有对应的通孔,通孔内穿设中心杆7,中心杆7向上延伸,并穿过止动器6后与开关座组合10接触;止动器6用以限制弹跳膜片5的反弹跳位置,中心杆7运动,并将该位移信号传送至开关座组合10内。Corresponding through holes are provided on the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate and the
中心杆7的底部设置有螺母14,螺母14与弹簧15的一端相连,弹簧15的另一端与调节螺母16相连,调节螺母16调节弹簧15压缩量以调节弹跳膜片5的初始状态的预压力。The bottom of the center rod 7 is provided with a
中心杆7作为位移传递部分,通过调节螺母16、上盖板、下盖板与弹跳膜片5自由连接,弹跳膜片5外圆通过受感器组合上外壳4进行限位。The center rod 7, as the displacement transmission part, is freely connected with the bouncing
作为本发明插座8的进一步实施方式,插座8通过第一螺钉19安装在外壳18上,外壳18底部通过第二螺钉17安装在受感器组合上外壳4上,且外壳18和上外壳4之间设有嵌有密封圈,并通过第一保险丝21和第二保险丝23将第一螺钉19、第二螺钉17和通气螺钉20进行打保险固定,以防止松动和脱落。As a further embodiment of the socket 8 of the present invention, the socket 8 is mounted on the
第一螺钉19和通气螺钉20均安装于外壳18上,且第一螺钉19上开有“T”形孔,可有效防尘,并保证高度开关内部与机舱压力保持一致。The
开关座组合10与受感器组合之间采用螺纹连接,并通过锁紧螺母14锁紧定位;开关座组合10和插座8通过导线9连接,导线9将电信号传递到插座8,以供外部系统采集使用。The
受感器组合包括上外壳4和下外壳1,上外壳4和下外壳1之间开设有密封圈安装槽,使密封圈压缩量合适,保证产品气密性合格。The sensor combination includes an upper casing 4 and a lower casing 1, and a sealing ring installation groove is opened between the upper casing 4 and the lower casing 1, so that the compression amount of the sealing ring is suitable and the air tightness of the product is qualified.
开关座组合10接线柱通过玻璃烧结引出,产品垫圈转换部分处于密封环境中The
隔离膜片13的材质为非金属材质,并采用波纹成型,以确保非金属膜片满足上下运动时的位移量需求,保证非金属膜片的寿命。The isolating
高度开关调节螺母16与受感器组合螺纹间涂螺纹锁固剂,以保证高度开关在使用过程中的稳定性。Thread locking agent is applied between the height
下外壳1与安装板3固定连接,并通过安装板3与飞机相连,本发明的安装板3的尺寸不做限制,可根据不同的安装位置进行改进设计。The lower casing 1 is fixedly connected to the mounting
本发明用于飞机废水系统的高度开关的工作原理,包括:The present invention is used for the working principle of the height switch of the aircraft waste water system, including:
将本发明通过安装板3与飞机进行连接,将开关座组合10通过螺纹安装在受感器组合上外壳4上,并采用锁紧螺钉22进行锁紧固定,同时,可通过锁紧螺母14定位,调整上下位置以调整开关座组合10与受感器组合位移间的预压力,并压缩弹簧15调整弹跳膜片5的初始状态的预压力;并将插座8通过第一螺钉19安装在外壳18上,并采用导线9连接开关座组合10和插座8。The present invention is connected to the aircraft through the mounting
在具体作业时,隔离膜片13感受随高度改变压力的变化,将压力转换为集中力传递到弹跳膜片5和弹簧15,具体随着高度的增加,压力降低,当到达规定的高度值时,弹跳膜片5克服弹簧15的弹力,实现反跳的动作,此时,弹跳膜片5弹跳动作,进而带动中心杆7运动,中心杆7运动将高度信号转换为位移信号,并触动开关组合,开关座组合10的状态切换,通过插座8输出信号,以将位移信号转化为开关量电信号并传送至外部系统。During the specific operation, the
虽然结合附图对发明的具体实施方式进行了详细地描述,但不应理解为对本专利的保护范围的限定。在权利要求书所描述的范围内,本领域技术人员不经创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改和变形仍属本专利的保护范围。Although the specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of this patent. Within the scope described in the claims, various modifications and deformations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative work still belong to the protection scope of this patent.
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