CN114185109A - Comprehensive prediction method and device for oil-gas target of oil-gas-containing basin - Google Patents

Comprehensive prediction method and device for oil-gas target of oil-gas-containing basin Download PDF

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CN114185109A
CN114185109A CN202010965602.6A CN202010965602A CN114185109A CN 114185109 A CN114185109 A CN 114185109A CN 202010965602 A CN202010965602 A CN 202010965602A CN 114185109 A CN114185109 A CN 114185109A
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gas
oil
hydrocarbon
target
polarizability
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索孝东
刘雪军
徐礼贵
董卫斌
石东阳
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China National Petroleum Corp
BGP Inc
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China National Petroleum Corp
BGP Inc
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Abstract

The invention provides a comprehensive prediction method and a comprehensive prediction device for an oil-gas target in an oil-gas-containing basin, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1, acquiring a profile map of the abnormal surface hydrocarbon profile of the target area; s2, acquiring a target horizon polarizability abnormal distribution map of the target area; s3, establishing a three-dimensional space corresponding relation graph of surface soil hydrocarbon abnormality, target horizon polarizability abnormality and seismic structure; and S4, predicting the distribution and the spatial position of the oil and gas reservoir in the target area according to the three-dimensional space corresponding relation graph. The method provided by the invention is a spatial three-in-one integrated matching exploration technology for directly predicting deep oil and gas reservoirs in an oil-gas-containing basin, and comprehensively predicts the distribution range of underground oil and gas reservoirs by researching and analyzing the spatial position relationship and the generation relationship among earth surface hydrocarbon (C1-C5) chemical exploration abnormality, time-frequency electromagnetic target layer polarizability abnormality and seismic structure.

Description

Comprehensive prediction method and device for oil-gas target of oil-gas-containing basin
Technical Field
The invention relates to a comprehensive prediction method and a comprehensive prediction device for an oil-gas target in an oil-gas-containing basin, in particular to a comprehensive prediction method and a comprehensive prediction device for the oil-gas target based on surface soil gas hydrocarbon, time-frequency electromagnetism and seismic exploration information, and belongs to the technical field of oil-gas resource exploration.
Background
The geochemical anomaly of the oil and gas earth surface is the modern expression of oil and gas in the generation, migration, accumulation, dissipation and oxidation processes of geological history, and is the final product of the evolution process of oil and gas from dispersion (generation, migration) to concentration (accumulation) and then from concentration (accumulation) to dispersion (dissipation, oxidation) or even multiple times of accumulation and dissipation. The method utilizes the geochemical anomaly of the earth surface scattered from the oil and gas reservoir to invert the generation, migration and accumulation of oil and gas and predict the distribution of the underground oil and gas reservoir, and is the basis and the purpose of the geochemical exploration of the oil and gas earth surface.
Light hydrocarbon components (C1-C5) are direct indicators of underground reservoir dissipation, and light hydrocarbon components associated with deep reservoir dissipation in surface soil have two forms of occurrence, adsorption and dissociation, the former being referred to as soil adsorbed hydrocarbons and the latter as soil gas hydrocarbons (or free hydrocarbons). The current state of underground oil and gas activity is more likely to be reflected by soil gas hydrocarbons, and the process of historical accumulation is the process of hydrocarbon adsorption by soil. The existing method for analyzing the hydrocarbon adsorbed by the soil (such as high-temperature heat release or acid hydrolysis) is interfered by the primary hydrocarbon existing in the soil mineral particles to a certain extent, and the reflected abnormality is probably the history of oil gas generation rather than the actual current situation. In contrast, the loam hydrocarbon anomalies are more closely related to deep oil and gas, and the anomalies can more directly reflect the existence of deep oil and gas accumulation. However, in the traditional soil gas hydrocarbon detection, a soil sample needs to be canned and then sent to a laboratory for placement, the light hydrocarbon components can be effectively analyzed after the gas is concentrated, and besides the exploration period is long, the in-situ natural state of soil gas is destroyed, so that the loss of the soil gas hydrocarbon, the air mixing and the pollution in the transportation process are caused.
The polarizability (IP) of a reservoir is the basis for time-frequency electromagnetic method (TFEM) oil and gas detection. The double electric layers exist between oil, gas and water and solid matters, the double electric layers are in a balanced state under the action of no external electric field, polarization can be formed when the double electric layers are under the action of the external electric field, a discharge effect can be formed after the external electric field disappears, and induced polarization abnormity is generated. TFEM is a new electromagnetic exploration method using high-power artificial field source excitation, compared with traditional electromagnetic methods such as a natural potential method and an induced polarization method, the method can detect the polarization abnormal effect caused by the oil and gas reservoir of a deep target layer, and the traditional electromagnetic methods are limited by the induced polarization effect generated by oxidizing the derivative substances of the hydrocarbon components on the earth surface and have low detection precision on deep oil and gas. The TFEM has the obvious advantages that the channel component Ex and the magnetic track component HZ can be measured simultaneously, at present, oil gas detection only measures a channel and adopts channel data for inversion, the inversion speed is high, but due to the fact that an earth electric model of the channel inversion is macroscopic, longitudinal electric layering is not fine enough, inversion accuracy of polarization rate abnormity is influenced, the problem of inaccurate geological homing of polarization abnormity exists, magnetic track inversion is sensitive to a low-resistance thin layer, in practical application, the TFEM finds that the TFEM has great advantages in electric structure layering, layering fineness is high, and the TFEM has the defects that errors exist in longitudinal inversion depth of a geological interface, accuracy is poor, and constraint conditions need to be added.
The biggest advantage of seismic exploration is that underground structures, stratigraphic distribution, lithological changes and trapped targets can be accurately implemented, and under general conditions, the oil-gas content of the underground targets is predicted only based on seismic information (or results), so that a lot of uncertainty exists; surface hydrocarbon (C1-C5) chemical exploration anomalies indicate the presence of deep hydrocarbon component accumulations, but are unable to judge the horizons and accumulation sizes of subsurface hydrocarbon accumulations; the time-frequency electromagnetic polarization rate abnormity can reflect a target layer position of oil gas accumulation, the abnormity strength reflects the accumulation degree of the oil gas to a certain degree, but factors causing the polarization rate abnormity comprise the oil gas accumulation, metal minerals enriched in water and rocks and the like, and therefore the abnormity has multiple resolvability. Surface earth gas hydrocarbon (C1-C5) chemical anomalies can reduce or eliminate the ambiguity of time-frequency electromagnetic susceptibility anomalies.
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved in the field is to provide a novel comprehensive oil-gas target prediction method and device for the oil-gas basin based on the surface soil gas-hydrocarbon, time-frequency electromagnetic and seismic exploration information.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above disadvantages and shortcomings, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for comprehensively predicting oil and gas targets in a hydrocarbon-bearing basin. The method provided by the invention is a spatial three-in-one integrated matching exploration technology for directly predicting the deep oil-gas reservoir in the oil-gas-containing basin, and comprehensively predicts the distribution range of the underground oil-gas reservoir by researching and analyzing the spatial position relationship and the generation relationship among the chemical exploration abnormality of the earth surface hydrocarbon (C1-C5), the polarization rate abnormality of a time-frequency electromagnetic target layer and a seismic structure, so that the capability of comprehensively predicting the oil-gas content of the underground target can be improved, and the multi-resolution is effectively reduced.
The invention also aims to provide a comprehensive oil-gas target prediction device for the oil-gas containing basin.
It is also an object of the invention to provide a computer apparatus.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a computer-readable storage medium.
In order to achieve the above object, in one aspect, the present invention provides a method for comprehensively predicting a hydrocarbon target in a hydrocarbon-bearing basin, wherein the method for comprehensively predicting a hydrocarbon target in a hydrocarbon-bearing basin comprises:
s1, acquiring a profile map of the abnormal surface hydrocarbon profile of the target area;
s2, acquiring a target horizon polarizability abnormal distribution map of the target area;
s3, establishing a three-dimensional space corresponding relation graph of surface soil hydrocarbon abnormality, target horizon polarizability abnormality and seismic structure;
and S4, predicting the distribution and the spatial position of the oil and gas reservoir in the target area according to the three-dimensional space corresponding relation graph.
In an embodiment of the above method of the present invention, the step of obtaining a profile map of the abnormal surface hydrocarbon profile of the target area at S1 includes:
s11, acquiring data of the content of the soil gas hydrocarbon components in the soil at a depth of 2-3m below the earth surface of the target area;
and S12, processing and analyzing the soil gas hydrocarbon component content data obtained in the S11 to obtain a surface soil gas hydrocarbon abnormal section distribution map of the target area.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of obtaining the abnormal profile map of the surface hydrocarbons in the target area S1 includes the following steps:
carrying out high-density surface hydrocarbon geochemical area survey in a target area selected according to data such as earthquake and the like, obtaining the soil hydrocarbon component content data in soil at a depth of 2-3m below the surface of the target area, and processing and analyzing the obtained soil hydrocarbon component content data to obtain the abnormal profile distribution diagram of the surface hydrocarbon in the target area.
In an embodiment of the invention, in order to better perform comprehensive prediction of the oil-gas target of the oil-gas-containing basin, after the abnormal profile distribution diagram of the surface soil hydrocarbon of the target area is obtained, the abnormal profile distribution diagram of the surface soil hydrocarbon of the target area can be further combined with the seismic structure of the target area to obtain a superposition analysis diagram of the abnormal distribution of the surface soil hydrocarbon of the target area and the seismic structure.
Aiming at the detection of the soil gas hydrocarbon on the ground surface, the conventional vehicle-mounted or man-lift (mountain area) closed mechanical special drilling tool in the field is adopted to directly collect a gas sample with the depth of 2-3m below the ground surface, concentration is not needed, and the concentration content of the soil gas hydrocarbon (C1-C5) component is directly analyzed by using a vehicle-mounted high-precision HP gas chromatograph on the spot. The gas sample collection method and the method for testing the content of the soil gas hydrocarbon component in the invention overcome the defect that the traditional soil gas hydrocarbon detection method needs to jar the soil sample and then send the soil sample to a laboratory for placement, and the analysis can be carried out after the gas is concentrated, thereby avoiding the loss of soil gas, the air inclusion and the pollution in the transportation process, improving the reliability of the soil gas hydrocarbon detection data and shortening the exploration period.
As an embodiment of the foregoing method of the present invention, the acquiring S2 a target region target layer polarizability abnormality distribution diagram includes:
s21, passing through a seismic structure of a target area and a time-frequency electromagnetic profile of surface soil hydrocarbon abnormal layout, and simultaneously measuring an electric track component and a magnetic track component;
s22, respectively performing electric track electrical inversion and magnetic track electrical inversion under the well-seismic constraint according to the data acquired by measurement in the S21 to obtain an electric track electrical structural layer inversion section and a magnetic track electrical structural layer inversion section;
and S23, taking the track electrical structure layer inversion profile as an electrical control model for electrical path polarizability inversion, and obtaining a target horizon polarizability abnormal distribution diagram through joint depth domain inversion.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of obtaining the target region target layer polarizability abnormal distribution map S2 includes the following steps:
deploying and implementing a time-frequency electromagnetic depth-finding profile while measuring a channel component and a track component in a seismic formation target area having an earth-gas hydrocarbon (C1-C5) anomaly manifest; respectively carrying out electric channel electrical property inversion and magnetic track electrical property inversion under well-seismic constraint according to measured and collected data to obtain an electric channel electrical property structure layer inversion profile and a magnetic track electrical property structure layer inversion profile, taking the magnetic track electrical property structure layer inversion profile as an electric property control model for electric channel polarizability inversion, and obtaining a target horizon polarizability abnormal distribution diagram through combined depth domain inversion
The invention provides a time-frequency electromagnetic polarization rate inversion method based on time-frequency electromagnetic channel and magnetic track combination and well-seismic constraint, which is sensitive to a low-resistance thin layer by utilizing magnetic track inversion, the advantages of higher longitudinal electrical resolution and thinner electrical layering are that an accurate middle-shallow layer geological structure model is established by adopting seismic and drilling logging data for restraining the electrical inversion of the control magnetic track and improving the depth inversion precision of an electrical interface, thereby obtaining a fine geoelectric structure layer model, using the fine geoelectric structure layer model for the process control of electric path polarizability inversion, improving the inversion precision of polarizability and the abnormal geological homing precision, the problems that longitudinal electrical layering of the earth electric model is not fine enough due to independent inversion according to the electric channel data, and accordingly inversion accuracy and homing inaccuracy of polarizability abnormity are affected are solved to a great extent.
As a specific implementation of the above method of the present invention, when the local surface hydrocarbon anomaly has obvious correlation with the deep seismic structure and the target reservoir, and the polarizability anomalies with the intensity and scale corresponding to the known oil and gas regions are distributed in the seismic structure and the target reservoir, it is determined that the target region is an oil and gas accumulation layer, that is, the location of the oil and gas reservoir; and when the abnormal intensity and scale of the polarizability of the target region are lower than the corresponding intensity and scale of the known oil-gas region, judging that the target region cannot reach the oil-gas accumulation scale and is not the part where the oil-gas reservoir is located.
As a specific embodiment of the foregoing method of the present invention, in step S4, predicting the reservoir distribution and the spatial position of the target area according to the three-dimensional spatial correspondence map includes:
s41, analyzing the relation between the surface soil hydrocarbon abnormity and fracture and structural trap to determine whether micro-leakage of oil gas and possible oil gas accumulation parts exist;
s42, analyzing the generation relation between the target horizon polarizability abnormity of the target region and surface soil hydrocarbon abnormity, determining the oil gas or non-oil gas attribute with abnormal polarizability, and judging the oil gas accumulation degree of the target region target horizon according to the intensity and scale of the target horizon polarizability abnormity of the target region and the corresponding relation of the intensity and scale of the known oil gas well region polarizability abnormity of the target region or the adjacent region;
s43, analyzing the relation between the abnormal polarizability and the structural trap and the target reservoir, determining the oil-gas-containing structure and the oil-gas gathering horizon, and determining the spatial distribution range of the oil-gas reservoir according to the spatial distribution range of the abnormal polarizability and the distribution range of the surface soil hydrocarbon abnormality.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a comprehensive prediction device for the oil-gas target of the oil-gas-containing basin, wherein the comprehensive prediction device for the oil-gas target of the oil-gas-containing basin comprises:
the acquisition module of the abnormal profile distribution map of the soil hydrocarbon is used for acquiring the abnormal profile distribution map of the soil hydrocarbon in the target area;
the polarization rate abnormal distribution map acquisition module is used for acquiring a polarization rate abnormal distribution map of a target layer in a target area;
the three-dimensional corresponding relation graph establishing module is used for establishing three-dimensional corresponding relation graphs of surface soil hydrocarbon abnormity, target horizon polarizability abnormity and seismic structure;
and the target area hydrocarbon reservoir distribution and spatial position prediction module is used for predicting the target area hydrocarbon reservoir distribution and spatial position according to the three-dimensional corresponding relation graph.
In an embodiment of the above apparatus of the present invention, the module for acquiring abnormal profile map of soil gas hydrocarbon comprises a unit for acquiring data of composition content of soil gas hydrocarbon and a unit for acquiring abnormal profile map of soil gas hydrocarbon;
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring data of the content of the gas components in the soil at a depth of 2-3m below the earth surface of the target area;
the acquisition unit of the abnormal profile distribution map of the soil gas hydrocarbon is used for processing and analyzing the content data of the soil gas hydrocarbon components obtained by the acquisition unit of the content data of the soil gas hydrocarbon components to obtain the abnormal profile distribution map of the soil gas hydrocarbon on the surface of the target area.
As a specific implementation manner of the above apparatus of the present invention, the module for obtaining the anomalous polarization distribution map includes a time-frequency electromagnetic profile layout and channel component and track component measuring unit, a channel electrical inversion and track electrical inversion unit, and a target horizon anomalous polarization distribution map establishing unit;
the time-frequency electromagnetic profile layout and channel component and track component measuring unit is used for passing through a target area seismic structure and abnormally laying time-frequency electromagnetic profiles on the earth surface hydrocarbons and measuring channel components and track components at the same time;
the electric track electrical property inversion and magnetic track electrical property inversion unit is used for respectively carrying out electric track electrical property inversion and magnetic track electrical property inversion under the well-seismic constraint according to the time-frequency electromagnetic profile layout and the data measured and collected by the electric track component and magnetic track component measuring unit to obtain an electric track electrical property structure layer inversion profile and a magnetic track electrical property structure layer inversion profile;
and the target layer position polarizability abnormal distribution diagram establishing unit is used for taking the track electrical structure layer inversion profile as an electrical control model for electrical channel polarizability inversion, and obtaining the target layer position polarizability abnormal distribution diagram through joint depth domain inversion.
As an embodiment of the above apparatus of the present invention, the target regional hydrocarbon reservoir distribution and spatial position prediction module includes a relationship analysis unit for surface hydrocarbon anomaly and fracture and structural entrapment, a generation relationship analysis unit for polarizability anomaly and surface hydrocarbon anomaly, and a relationship analysis unit for polarizability anomaly and structural entrapment and target reservoir;
the surface hydrocarbon anomaly and fracture and structure trap relation analysis unit is used for analyzing the surface hydrocarbon anomaly and fracture and structure trap relation to determine whether micro-leakage of oil gas and possible oil gas accumulation parts exist;
the generation relation analysis unit between the polarizability abnormity and the surface gas hydrocarbon abnormity is used for analyzing the generation relation between the polarizability abnormity of the target layer of the target region and the surface gas hydrocarbon abnormity, determining the oil gas or non-oil gas attribute with the polarizability abnormity, and judging the oil gas accumulation degree of the target layer of the target region according to the intensity and scale of the polarizability abnormity of the target layer of the target region and the corresponding relation between the intensity and scale of the polarizability abnormity of the known oil gas well region of the target region or the adjacent region;
the relation analysis unit of the polarizability abnormity, the structural trap and the target reservoir is used for analyzing the relation between the polarizability abnormity, the structural trap and the target reservoir, determining an oil-gas-containing structure and an oil-gas gathering layer, and determining the spatial distribution range of the oil-gas reservoir according to the spatial distribution range of the polarizability abnormity and the distribution range of the surface gas hydrocarbon abnormity.
In yet another aspect, the present invention further provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the hydrocarbon target comprehensive prediction method in hydrocarbon basin.
In still another aspect, the present invention further provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for comprehensively predicting hydrocarbon targets in hydrocarbon-bearing basins as described above.
The comprehensive prediction method for the oil-gas target of the oil-gas-containing basin is a comprehensive exploration technology for directly detecting the oil-gas reservoir based on information such as surface soil hydrocarbon (C1-C5) chemical exploration abnormity, time-frequency electromagnetic polarization rate abnormity, seismic exploration (geological structure) and the like, can predict the distribution range of the underground oil-gas reservoir, reduce the risk of oil-gas exploration, reduce the multi-resolution of geophysical oil-gas prediction (detection), improve the accuracy of the oil-gas prediction of a deep trapped target and improve the success rate of the oil-gas exploration.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a specific process flow diagram of a comprehensive oil-gas target prediction method for an oil-gas-containing basin according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2a is a graph showing an abnormal profile of surface hydrocarbons in the northern region of Quercolor basin rock in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2b is a graph showing a polarization rate abnormality distribution of a target layer in a sub-curser basin stone north region in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2c is a seismic profile of a sub-helical basin stone north region in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2d is a graph of analysis of surface hydrocarbon anomalous distribution and seismic tectonic fold in the northern region of Quercolor basin rocks in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 3, a is an inversion section of the region-time electromagnetic track electrical structure layer in the north stone region, and b is an inversion section of the region-time electromagnetic track electrical structure layer in the north stone region.
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional spatial mapping chart of surface hydrocarbon anomalies, target horizon polarizability anomalies and seismic structures in the northern region of the Quercolor basin rock in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5a is a diagram of a layout of surface heavy hydrocarbon (C2-C5) anomaly and seismic structure superposition and time-frequency electromagnetic survey lines in a work area depressed by a Tarim basin library vehicle in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5b is a cross-sectional view of an abnormal surface hydrocarbon depression profile of a work area by a Tarim basin library in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5c is a polarimetric property abnormal distribution diagram of a target horizon of a work area depression by a Tarim basin library in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5d is a seismic profile of a work area depression by a Tarim basin garage in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a time-frequency electromagnetic track electrical structure layer inversion section when a Tarim basin library vehicle is depressed in a work area, and b is a time-frequency electromagnetic track electrical structure layer inversion section when the Tarim basin library vehicle is depressed in the work area.
FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional space corresponding diagram of surface hydrocarbon abnormality of a work area depressed by a Tarim basin library, target horizon polarizability abnormality and seismic structure.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil-gas target comprehensive prediction device for a hydrocarbon-bearing basin according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly understand the technical features, objects and advantages of the present invention, the following detailed description of the technical solutions of the present invention will be made with reference to the following specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the implementable scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a comprehensive oil-gas target prediction method for a hydrocarbon-bearing basin in an embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
s1, acquiring a superposed analysis chart of the surface hydrocarbon abnormal distribution and the seismic structure of the target area and a surface hydrocarbon abnormal section distribution chart;
s2, acquiring a target horizon polarizability abnormal distribution map of the target area;
s3, establishing a three-dimensional space corresponding relation graph of surface soil hydrocarbon abnormality, target horizon polarizability abnormality and seismic structure;
and S4, predicting the distribution and the spatial position of the oil and gas reservoir in the target area according to the three-dimensional space corresponding relation graph.
In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the superposition analysis chart of the earth gas hydrocarbon abnormal distribution and the seismic structure of the target area and the earth gas hydrocarbon abnormal profile map S1 includes:
s11, acquiring data of the content of the soil gas hydrocarbon components in the soil at a depth of 2-3m below the earth surface of the target area;
and S12, processing and analyzing the soil gas hydrocarbon component content data obtained in the S11 to obtain a superposed analysis chart of the surface soil gas hydrocarbon abnormal distribution and the seismic structure of the target area and a surface soil gas hydrocarbon abnormal section distribution chart.
In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the target region target layer polarizability abnormality distribution map S2 includes:
s21, passing through a seismic structure of a target area and a time-frequency electromagnetic profile of surface soil hydrocarbon abnormal layout, and simultaneously measuring an electric track component and a magnetic track component;
s22, respectively performing electric track electrical inversion and magnetic track electrical inversion under the well-seismic constraint according to the data acquired by measurement in the S21 to obtain an electric track electrical structural layer inversion section and a magnetic track electrical structural layer inversion section;
and S23, taking the track electrical structure layer inversion profile as an electrical control model for electrical path polarizability inversion, and obtaining a target horizon polarizability abnormal distribution diagram through joint depth domain inversion.
In S2, a fine geoelectrical structure layer model is established through the joint inversion of the track measurement data and the well seismic for the process control of the inversion of the electric track polarizability, so that the inversion accuracy of the polarizability and the abnormal geological homing accuracy are improved.
In an embodiment, S4, predicting the reservoir distribution and the spatial position of the target region according to the three-dimensional spatial correspondence map includes:
s41, analyzing the relation between the surface soil hydrocarbon abnormity and fracture and structural trap to determine whether micro-leakage of oil gas and possible oil gas accumulation parts exist;
s42, analyzing the generation relation between the target horizon polarizability abnormity of the target region and surface soil hydrocarbon abnormity, determining the oil gas or non-oil gas attribute with abnormal polarizability, and judging the oil gas accumulation degree of the target region target horizon according to the intensity and scale of the target horizon polarizability abnormity of the target region and the corresponding relation of the intensity and scale of the known oil gas well region polarizability abnormity of the target region or the adjacent region;
s43, analyzing the relation between the abnormal polarizability and the structural trap and the target reservoir, determining the oil-gas-containing structure and the oil-gas gathering horizon, and determining the spatial distribution range of the oil-gas reservoir according to the spatial distribution range of the abnormal polarizability and the distribution range of the surface soil hydrocarbon abnormality.
The comprehensive oil-gas target prediction method for the oil-gas-containing basin provided by the invention is described in detail below by taking the northern region of the Quercoll basin stone as an example.
1) By utilizing existing earthquake, gravity, magnetism, drilling, well logging and other data in the hydrocarbon-bearing basin, selecting a northern stone region as a test application target region in the pseudo-songorian basin by analyzing information distribution conditions such as a substrate structure, a hydrocarbon source layer, a reservoir layer, fractures, structures, stratigraphic lithologic traps and the like in a research region;
2) deploying and implementing 200 x 200m survey of high-density surface hydrocarbon geochemical area according to the results of seismic exploration construction, adopting a conventional vehicle-mounted closed mechanical special drilling tool in the field, acquiring the soil gas 2-3m deep below the surface of the earth, directly analyzing the concentration content of components of the soil hydrocarbon (C1-C5) by a vehicle-mounted high-precision HP gas chromatograph (conventional equipment) in the field, analyzing test data by field analysis, and obtaining a surface hydrocarbon abnormal distribution, a seismic structure superposition analysis chart (shown in figure 2 d) and a surface hydrocarbon abnormal profile distribution chart (shown in figure 2 a) through processing and analysis, wherein the map shows that the large-scale soil hydrocarbon abnormality is found near the surface of the northern rock structure, and the distribution range corresponds to the northern rock structure; wherein, the seismic section of the northern region of the Quercoll basin stone is shown in figure 2 c.
3) A time-frequency electromagnetic profile is distributed through the northern stone earthquake structure and the surface soil hydrocarbon abnormity, and a channel component Ex and a magnetic track component HZ are measured simultaneously; respectively performing electric track electrical property inversion and magnetic track electrical property inversion under the well-seismic constraint by using the measured and collected data to obtain corresponding electrical property structure inversion profiles, namely a channel electrical property structure layer inversion profile and a magnetic track electrical property structure layer inversion profile, which are respectively shown as a and b in figure 3, so that compared with the result of the electric track electrical property inversion (a in figure 3), the profile electrical property structure of the magnetic track electrical property inversion is more finely layered, the electrical property layer is well-spread and continuous in the transverse direction, and the regularity is strong (b in figure 3); taking an electrical structure layer model obtained by track electrical inversion as an electrical control model for track polarizability inversion, and obtaining abnormal polarizability distribution of a target layer through joint depth domain inversion, as shown in fig. 2b, as can be seen from fig. 2b, obvious polarizability abnormality is found in a three-stacking system reservoir of a north-stony structure, and the distribution range of the abnormal polarizability abnormality is basically consistent with the structural trap range;
4) through the united analysis of the surface soil hydrocarbon abnormity, the target horizon polarizability abnormity and the seismic structure space trinity, a three-dimensional space corresponding relation diagram of the surface soil hydrocarbon abnormity, the target horizon polarizability abnormity and the seismic structure is constructed, and the oil and gas gathering range and horizon are determined according to the three-dimensional space corresponding relation diagram (shown in figure 4).
According to the prediction of the polarization rate abnormality of the target horizon and the abnormal distribution characteristics of the surface soil gas hydrocarbon, the structure of the north stone is an oil-gas-containing structure, and oil gas is gathered in the three-stacked system reservoir. Abnormal enhancement of surface soil hydrocarbon above the structural control fault is not obvious, which is related to that the fault is only cut off to a three-stacked system target layer, the closure of an upper covering layer is good, and the structural southwest side fault is not only a carboniferous hydrocarbon source depression control fault, but also an oil source communication fault;
5) according to the survey results, a north stone 1 well is drilled in the north stone construction deployment (as shown in figure 2 d), and the scale natural gas flow is obtained by testing the three-cascade reservoir, wherein the daily yield is 15293m3And d, discovering a three-fold system gas reservoir with a structure of north stone, and verifying the application effect of the technology.
In the following, taking the depression of the Tarim basin garage into a work area as an example, the comprehensive prediction method for the oil and gas target of the oil and gas basin provided by the invention is described in detail.
Fig. 5a is a layout diagram of superposition of surface heavy hydrocarbon (C2-C5) abnormality and seismic structure during electromagnetic survey of the surface heavy hydrocarbon (C2-C5) in a work area depressed by a Tarim basin library vehicle, and fig. 7 is a three-in-one comprehensive oil and gas prediction analysis diagram of the surface hydrocarbon, target horizon polarizability abnormality and seismic structure (namely a three-dimensional space corresponding diagram of the surface hydrocarbon abnormality, the target horizon polarizability abnormality and the seismic structure). In fig. 6, a and b are comparison diagrams of time-frequency electrical channel and track inversion electrical structure layer when a certain work area is depressed by the Tarim basin library.
As can be seen from fig. 5 a-5 d and fig. 7, the fracture and structure are interpreted from the seismic data, the strong polarization anomaly is distributed in the fault block structure controlled by two thrust faults, the depth is located in the dwarfism target zone, and the surface hydrocarbon anomaly is located obliquely above the structure. The high value abnormality of the soil gas hydrocarbon is found near the surface along the upward inclination direction of the fault, and the soil gas hydrocarbon abnormality deviates south relative to the strong polarization abnormality of a target layer due to the dissipation effect along the fault. The existence of surface hydrocarbon abnormity indicates that oil gas enrichment and micro-leakage exist in deep parts, a fault provides a convenient channel for micro-leakage, and the prediction of a thrust fault block structure Jurassic target layer with strong polarization abnormity display is an oil gas accumulation layer, namely the position of an oil gas reservoir. The northern scattered soil gas hydrocarbon abnormality is mainly related to hydrocarbon component dissipation caused by fault cutting of hydrocarbon source rocks, and although soil gas hydrocarbon abnormality is displayed on the surface of a Mi 2 well area, polarization is weak, the oil gas accumulation scale cannot be achieved, and the northern scattered soil gas hydrocarbon abnormality is consistent with the drilling condition only displayed by well testing.
As can be seen from a and b in FIG. 6, the electrical structure layering capability of time-frequency electromagnetic track inversion is obviously superior to that of track inversion, and compared with the result of track inversion, the result of track inversion is macroscopic, and the track inversion electrical layering is finer and is more consistent with the comparison of an electrical logging curve.
Therefore, the comprehensive oil-gas target prediction method for the hydrocarbon-bearing basin is successfully applied to the northern region of the Quercoll basin, obvious surface free hydrocarbon abnormality and three-stacked system target layer polarization rate abnormality are found at the earthquake-determined structural part of the northern region of the rock through field data acquisition and data processing, the hydrocarbon-bearing basin is predicted to be a hydrocarbon-bearing structure, then a north-bearing 1 well is drilled through deployment, and the three-stacked system target layer polarization rate abnormality is tested in the three-stacked systemTarget layer acquired daily gas 15293m3And d, verifying the effect of the invention. In addition, in 2018 and 2019, the method provided by the invention is popularized and applied in areas such as a Tarim basin library vehicle down-depressed Musculus braker, Turkey and a warm-in convex periphery, a group of favorable exploration targets are found, the predicted result is good in conformity with known well drilling, a good geological effect is obtained, and a basis is provided for further exploration and deployment.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a comprehensive prediction device for the oil-gas target in the oil-gas-containing basin, and as the problem solving principle of the device is similar to that of the comprehensive prediction method for the oil-gas target in the oil-gas-containing basin, the implementation of the device can be referred to the implementation of the method, and repeated parts are not described again. As used hereinafter, the term "unit" or "module" may be a combination of software and/or hardware that implements a predetermined function. The means described in the embodiments below are preferably implemented in hardware, but implementations in software or a combination of software and hardware are also possible and contemplated.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an oil-gas target comprehensive prediction device for a hydrocarbon-bearing basin according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8, the hydrocarbon target comprehensive prediction device for the hydrocarbon-bearing basin includes:
a module 1 for acquiring a superposed analysis diagram and an abnormal section distribution diagram of the soil gas hydrocarbon abnormal distribution and the earthquake structure, which is used for acquiring a superposed analysis diagram and an abnormal section distribution diagram of the surface soil gas hydrocarbon abnormal distribution and the earthquake structure of the target area;
the polarization rate abnormal distribution map acquisition module 2 is used for acquiring a polarization rate abnormal distribution map of a target layer in a target area;
the three-dimensional space corresponding relation graph establishing module 3 is used for establishing a three-dimensional space corresponding relation graph of surface soil hydrocarbon abnormity, target horizon polarizability abnormity and seismic structure;
and the target area hydrocarbon reservoir distribution and spatial position prediction module 4 is used for predicting the target area hydrocarbon reservoir distribution and spatial position according to the three-dimensional corresponding relation graph.
In one embodiment, the module 1 for acquiring the superposed analysis chart and abnormal profile map of the soil gas hydrocarbon comprises a soil gas hydrocarbon component content data acquisition unit and a superposed analysis chart and abnormal profile map acquisition unit of the soil gas hydrocarbon abnormal distribution and the earthquake structure;
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring data of the content of the gas components in the soil at a depth of 2-3m below the earth surface of the target area;
the acquisition unit of the superposed analysis diagram and the abnormal profile distribution diagram of the soil gas hydrocarbon is used for processing and analyzing the content data of the soil gas hydrocarbon obtained by the acquisition unit of the content data of the soil gas hydrocarbon component to obtain the superposed analysis diagram and the abnormal profile distribution diagram of the surface soil gas hydrocarbon of the target area.
In one embodiment, the module for obtaining the anomalous polarization distribution map 2 comprises a time-frequency electromagnetic profile layout and channel component and track component measuring unit, a channel electrical inversion and track electrical inversion unit and a target layer anomalous polarization distribution map establishing unit;
the time-frequency electromagnetic profile layout and channel component and track component measuring unit is used for passing through a target area seismic structure and abnormally laying time-frequency electromagnetic profiles on the earth surface hydrocarbons and measuring channel components and track components at the same time;
the electric track electrical property inversion and magnetic track electrical property inversion unit is used for respectively carrying out electric track electrical property inversion and magnetic track electrical property inversion under the well-seismic constraint according to the time-frequency electromagnetic profile layout and the data measured and collected by the electric track component and magnetic track component measuring unit to obtain an electric track electrical property structure layer inversion profile and a magnetic track electrical property structure layer inversion profile;
and the target layer position polarizability abnormal distribution diagram establishing unit is used for taking the track electrical structure layer inversion profile as an electrical control model for electrical channel polarizability inversion, and obtaining the target layer position polarizability abnormal distribution diagram through joint depth domain inversion.
In one embodiment, the target regional reservoir distribution and spatial location prediction module 4 comprises a relationship analysis unit for surface soil hydrocarbon anomaly and fracture, tectonic trap, a generation relationship analysis unit for polarizability anomaly and surface soil hydrocarbon anomaly, and a relationship analysis unit for polarizability anomaly and tectonic trap and target reservoir;
the surface hydrocarbon anomaly and fracture and structure trap relation analysis unit is used for analyzing the surface hydrocarbon anomaly and fracture and structure trap relation to determine whether micro-leakage of oil gas and possible oil gas accumulation parts exist;
the generation relation analysis unit between the polarizability abnormity and the surface gas hydrocarbon abnormity is used for analyzing the generation relation between the polarizability abnormity of the target layer of the target region and the surface gas hydrocarbon abnormity, determining the oil gas or non-oil gas attribute with the polarizability abnormity, and judging the oil gas accumulation degree of the target layer of the target region according to the intensity and scale of the polarizability abnormity of the target layer of the target region and the corresponding relation between the intensity and scale of the polarizability abnormity of the known oil gas well region of the target region or the adjacent region;
the relation analysis unit of the polarizability abnormity, the structural trap and the target reservoir is used for analyzing the relation between the polarizability abnormity, the structural trap and the target reservoir, determining an oil-gas-containing structure and an oil-gas gathering layer, and determining the spatial distribution range of the oil-gas reservoir according to the spatial distribution range of the polarizability abnormity and the distribution range of the surface gas hydrocarbon abnormity.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to realize the steps of the comprehensive prediction method for the oil and gas targets in the oil and gas basin.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored on the computer readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the comprehensive prediction method for the oil-gas target of the oil-gas basin are realized.
The comprehensive prediction method for the oil-gas-containing basin oil-gas target provided by the embodiment of the invention is a comprehensive exploration technology for directly detecting the oil-gas reservoir based on information such as surface soil hydrocarbon (C1-C5) chemical exploration abnormity, time-frequency electromagnetic polarization rate abnormity, seismic exploration (geological structure) and the like, can predict the distribution range of the underground oil-gas reservoir, reduce the oil-gas exploration risk, reduce the multi-solution of geophysical oil-gas prediction (detection), improve the accuracy of the oil-gas prediction of the deep trapped target and improve the success rate of the oil-gas exploration.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only exemplary of the invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, so that the invention is intended to cover all modifications and equivalents of the embodiments described herein. In addition, the technical features and the technical inventions of the present invention, the technical features and the technical inventions, and the technical inventions can be freely combined and used.

Claims (10)

1. The comprehensive prediction method for the oil-gas target of the oil-gas-containing basin is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, acquiring a profile map of the abnormal surface hydrocarbon profile of the target area;
s2, acquiring a target horizon polarizability abnormal distribution map of the target area;
s3, establishing a three-dimensional space corresponding relation graph of surface soil hydrocarbon abnormality, target horizon polarizability abnormality and seismic structure;
and S4, predicting the distribution and the spatial position of the oil and gas reservoir in the target area according to the three-dimensional space corresponding relation graph.
2. The method for comprehensively predicting oil and gas targets in the oil and gas-containing basin according to claim 1, wherein S1 is a method for obtaining a surface hydrocarbon abnormal profile map of a target area, and the method comprises the following steps:
s11, acquiring data of the content of the soil gas hydrocarbon components in the soil at a depth of 2-3m below the earth surface of the target area;
and S12, processing and analyzing the soil gas hydrocarbon component content data obtained in the S11 to obtain a surface soil gas hydrocarbon abnormal section distribution map of the target area.
3. The method for comprehensively predicting the hydrocarbon targets in the hydrocarbon-bearing basin according to claim 1, wherein S2 is a method for obtaining a target region target layer polarizability abnormality distribution map, and the method comprises the following steps:
s21, passing through a seismic structure of a target area and a time-frequency electromagnetic profile of surface soil hydrocarbon abnormal layout, and simultaneously measuring an electric track component and a magnetic track component;
s22, respectively performing electric track electrical inversion and magnetic track electrical inversion under the well-seismic constraint according to the data acquired by measurement in the S21 to obtain an electric track electrical structural layer inversion section and a magnetic track electrical structural layer inversion section;
and S23, taking the track electrical structure layer inversion profile as an electrical control model for electrical path polarizability inversion, and obtaining a target horizon polarizability abnormal distribution diagram through joint depth domain inversion.
4. The method for comprehensively predicting the oil and gas targets of the oil and gas-containing basin according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein S4 predicts the distribution and the spatial position of the oil and gas reservoir of the target area according to the three-dimensional space correspondence diagram, and comprises the following steps:
s41, analyzing the relation between the surface soil hydrocarbon abnormity and fracture and structural trap to determine whether micro-leakage of oil gas and possible oil gas accumulation parts exist;
s42, analyzing the generation relation between the target horizon polarizability abnormity of the target region and surface soil hydrocarbon abnormity, determining the oil gas or non-oil gas attribute with abnormal polarizability, and judging the oil gas accumulation degree of the target region target horizon according to the intensity and scale of the target horizon polarizability abnormity of the target region and the corresponding relation of the intensity and scale of the known oil gas well region polarizability abnormity of the target region or the adjacent region;
s43, analyzing the relation between the abnormal polarizability and the structural trap and the target reservoir, determining the oil-gas-containing structure and the oil-gas gathering horizon, and determining the spatial distribution range of the oil-gas reservoir according to the spatial distribution range of the abnormal polarizability and the distribution range of the surface soil hydrocarbon abnormality.
5. The comprehensive prediction device for the oil-gas target of the oil-gas basin is characterized by comprising:
the acquisition module of the abnormal profile distribution map of the soil hydrocarbon is used for acquiring the abnormal profile distribution map of the soil hydrocarbon in the target area;
the polarization rate abnormal distribution map acquisition module is used for acquiring a polarization rate abnormal distribution map of a target layer in a target area;
the three-dimensional corresponding relation graph establishing module is used for establishing three-dimensional corresponding relation graphs of surface soil hydrocarbon abnormity, target horizon polarizability abnormity and seismic structure;
and the target area hydrocarbon reservoir distribution and spatial position prediction module is used for predicting the target area hydrocarbon reservoir distribution and spatial position according to the three-dimensional corresponding relation graph.
6. The comprehensive prediction device for oil and gas targets in the oil and gas-containing basin as claimed in claim 5, wherein the acquisition module for the abnormal profile map of the soil gas hydrocarbon comprises an acquisition unit for the data of the composition of the soil gas hydrocarbon and an acquisition unit for the abnormal profile map of the soil gas hydrocarbon;
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring data of the content of the gas components in the soil at a depth of 2-3m below the earth surface of the target area;
the acquisition unit of the abnormal profile distribution map of the soil gas hydrocarbon is used for processing and analyzing the content data of the soil gas hydrocarbon components obtained by the acquisition unit of the content data of the soil gas hydrocarbon components to obtain the abnormal profile distribution map of the soil gas hydrocarbon on the surface of the target area.
7. The comprehensive prediction device for the oil-gas target in the hydrocarbon-bearing basin according to claim 5, wherein the polarization rate abnormal distribution map obtaining module comprises a time-frequency electromagnetic profile layout and channel component and track component measuring unit, a channel electrical inversion and track electrical inversion unit and a target horizon polarization rate abnormal distribution map establishing unit;
the time-frequency electromagnetic profile layout and channel component and track component measuring unit is used for passing through a target area seismic structure and abnormally laying time-frequency electromagnetic profiles on the earth surface hydrocarbons and measuring channel components and track components at the same time;
the electric track electrical property inversion and magnetic track electrical property inversion unit is used for respectively carrying out electric track electrical property inversion and magnetic track electrical property inversion under the well-seismic constraint according to the time-frequency electromagnetic profile layout and the data measured and collected by the electric track component and magnetic track component measuring unit to obtain an electric track electrical property structure layer inversion profile and a magnetic track electrical property structure layer inversion profile;
and the target layer position polarizability abnormal distribution diagram establishing unit is used for taking the track electrical structure layer inversion profile as an electrical control model for electrical channel polarizability inversion, and obtaining the target layer position polarizability abnormal distribution diagram through joint depth domain inversion.
8. The oil-gas target comprehensive prediction device of the oil-gas basin according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the target region oil-gas reservoir distribution and spatial position prediction module comprises a relationship analysis unit for surface hydrocarbon anomaly and fracture and structural entrapment, a generation relationship analysis unit for polarizability anomaly and surface hydrocarbon anomaly, and a relationship analysis unit for polarizability anomaly and structural entrapment and target reservoir;
the surface hydrocarbon anomaly and fracture and structure trap relation analysis unit is used for analyzing the surface hydrocarbon anomaly and fracture and structure trap relation to determine whether micro-leakage of oil gas and possible oil gas accumulation parts exist;
the generation relation analysis unit between the polarizability abnormity and the surface gas hydrocarbon abnormity is used for analyzing the generation relation between the polarizability abnormity of the target layer of the target region and the surface gas hydrocarbon abnormity, determining the oil gas or non-oil gas attribute with the polarizability abnormity, and judging the oil gas accumulation degree of the target layer of the target region according to the intensity and scale of the polarizability abnormity of the target layer of the target region and the corresponding relation between the intensity and scale of the polarizability abnormity of the known oil gas well region of the target region or the adjacent region;
the relation analysis unit of the polarizability abnormity, the structural trap and the target reservoir is used for analyzing the relation between the polarizability abnormity, the structural trap and the target reservoir, determining an oil-gas-containing structure and an oil-gas gathering layer, and determining the spatial distribution range of the oil-gas reservoir according to the spatial distribution range of the polarizability abnormity and the distribution range of the surface gas hydrocarbon abnormity.
9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the computer program performs the steps of the method for integrated hydrocarbon target prediction in a hydrocarbon bearing basin as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method for integrated prediction of hydrocarbon targets in hydrocarbon-bearing basins according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
CN202010965602.6A 2020-09-15 2020-09-15 Comprehensive prediction method and device for oil-gas target of oil-gas-containing basin Pending CN114185109A (en)

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