CN114184640B - Hemispherical emissivity measurement method based on integrating sphere reflection method - Google Patents
Hemispherical emissivity measurement method based on integrating sphere reflection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114184640B CN114184640B CN202111471038.3A CN202111471038A CN114184640B CN 114184640 B CN114184640 B CN 114184640B CN 202111471038 A CN202111471038 A CN 202111471038A CN 114184640 B CN114184640 B CN 114184640B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hemispherical emissivity measurement method based on an integrating sphere reflection method, belongs to the technical field of hemispherical emissivity measurement, and solves the problem that the hemispherical emissivity of a sample under different light source radiation angles cannot be accurately solved due to the fact that the radiation brightness of the sample along the normal angle of a test plane is acquired in the conventional measurement method. The invention comprises the following steps: step S1: placing a sample to be detected at the position of a detection port; step S2: the ray source emits rays to irradiate the surface of the sample to be measured; the rays are reflected to the inner wall of the integrating sphere through the surface of the sample to be measured; the rays are received by the detector after being reflected by the inner wall of the integrating sphere; step S3: the position and the angle of the ray source are adjusted through a motion mechanism; and (2) repeating the step (S2) and measuring the emissivity of the tested sample. The invention realizes multi-angle multi-time measurement of the emissivity of the sample and improves the measurement precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hemispherical emissivity measurement, in particular to a hemispherical emissivity measurement method based on an integrating sphere reflection method.
Background
The hemispherical emissivity is used as a physical quantity for representing the radiant power of the material, is an important parameter of the self-radiation characteristic of the material in the infrared band, and is also an important guiding parameter in the aspects of many scientific researches and engineering technologies.
With the continuous development of infrared remote sensing technology, thermal insulation coating technology, infrared nondestructive measurement and aerospace technology, the measurement of hemispherical emissivity is more and more important, and an integrating sphere reflection method is a method widely adopted at present in the field of measuring the normal-temperature emissivity of materials.
The traditional integrating sphere emission method is used for measuring the emissivity, the volume of the used integrating sphere is overlarge, and the integrating sphere only plays a role in collecting radiation signals in the measuring process, and the angle of the carried radiation light source is fixed or only changes of a limited angle are realized, so that the method has great limitation; the radiation brightness acquisition of the sample along the normal angle of the test plane under the radiation of different angles is difficult to realize, so that the hemispherical emissivity of the sample under the radiation angles of different light sources cannot be accurately solved. In addition, as the traditional solution of the hemispherical emissivity can only utilize radiation with a limited angle, the hemispherical emissivity is calculated by integrating and fitting the radiation brightness acquired by the detector through a certain included angle, and the calculated emissivity error is larger.
The traditional integrating sphere is large in size, modulation signals are mainly realized by a mechanical chopping structure, the traditional chopping structure is heavy and heavy for realizing the frequency consistency, the equipment portability is greatly insufficient, and the sand blasting and gold plating treatment are needed for forming a surface due to the fact that the integrating sphere is overlarge in volume, so that the manufacturing cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a hemispherical emissivity measurement method based on an integrating sphere reflection method, so as to solve the problem that the conventional emissivity measurement method is difficult to realize the collection of the radiance of a sample along the normal angle of a test plane under the radiation of different angles, so that the hemispherical emissivity of the sample under the radiation angles of different light sources cannot be accurately solved.
The aim of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
a hemispherical emissivity measuring method based on an integrating sphere reflection method adopts a hemispherical emissivity measuring device with an adjustable radiation source position to measure emissivity, and comprises the following steps:
step S1: placing a sample to be detected at the position of a detection port;
step S2: the ray source emits rays to irradiate the surface of the sample to be measured; the rays are reflected to the inner wall of the integrating sphere through the surface of the sample to be measured; the rays are received by the detector after being reflected by the inner wall of the integrating sphere;
step S3: the position and the angle of the ray source are adjusted through a motion mechanism; and (2) repeating the step (S2) and measuring the emissivity of the tested sample.
Further, in the step S1, the upper surface of the sample to be tested is attached to the end face of the probe opening.
Further, in the step S2, during the movement of the radiation source, radiation is emitted in any direction, and the radiation can be always reflected to the position of the detector by the inner wall surface of the integrating sphere; the detector can convert the radiation signal into a voltage signal and solve the surface emissivity of the measured sample.
Further, the movement mechanism includes: the connecting rod, the silk thread, the sliding block and the sliding rail; the connecting rod penetrates through the integrating sphere and is connected with the ray source; one end of the connecting rod is fixedly provided with the ray source, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the sliding block; the sliding block is sleeved on the sliding rail in a sliding way and slides under the pulling of the silk thread.
Further, the movement mechanism further includes: steering engine and reel; the winding wheel is rotatably arranged on the steering engine bracket; two winding grooves are formed in two sides of the steering engine support; the reel is driven to rotate by the steering engine; and when the reel rotates, the silk thread is driven to move.
Further, the wire is provided with one; two ends of the silk thread are fixedly connected with two sides of the sliding block respectively to form a coil; the coil bypasses the reel and two winding slots.
Further, in the step S3, when the moving mechanism drives the slider by using one wire, the adjusting process includes:
step S31a: the steering engine drives the reel to rotate, and the reel drives the coil of the silk thread to rotate;
step S31b: when the coil rotates, the silk thread pulls the sliding block to slide along the sliding rail;
step S31c: the connecting rod and the ray source synchronize the displacement of the sliding block, so that the position adjustment of the ray source is realized.
Or two wires are respectively a first wire and a second wire; the number of the winding wheels is two, namely a first winding wheel and a second winding wheel, which are coaxial; the first silk thread is wound on the first winding wheel, and the tail end of the first silk thread bypasses a winding groove at one side of the steering engine bracket and is fixedly connected with the sliding block; the second silk thread is wound on the second winding wheel, and the tail end of the second silk thread bypasses the winding groove on the other side and is fixedly connected with the other side of the sliding block.
Further, in the step S3, when the moving mechanism drives the slider by two wires, the adjusting process includes:
step S32a: the steering engine drives the first reel and the second reel to synchronously rotate;
step S32b: the first winding wheel drives the first silk thread to be folded, and the second winding wheel drives the second silk thread to be unfolded; or the first winding wheel drives the first silk thread to be unfolded, and the second winding wheel drives the second silk thread to be folded;
step S32c: when the first silk thread is folded and the second silk thread is unfolded, the sliding block 12 is pulled to slide forwards by the first silk thread; the first wire is unwound and the second wire is drawn by the second wire to draw the slider 12 back to slide.
Further, when the sliding block slides, the connecting rod and the ray source synchronously displace, and the position adjustment of the ray source is completed.
The hemispherical emissivity measuring device with the adjustable radiation source position is used for realizing the hemispherical emissivity measuring method based on the integrating sphere reflection method; comprising the following steps: a radiation source, an integrating sphere, a motion mechanism and a detector; the ray source is arranged inside the integrating sphere and is used for radiating rays; the motion mechanism is used for driving the ray source to move in the integrating sphere; the detector is configured to receive the reflected radiation.
The technical scheme of the invention can at least realize one of the following effects:
the invention drives the ray source to move in the integrating sphere through the movement mechanism; and receiving the reflected radiation by the detector. The steering engine drives the reel to rotate, and the reel pulls the sliding block to slide along the sliding rail through the silk thread, so that the connecting rod rotates, the position of the ray source is adjusted, the multi-angle measurement of the emissivity of the sample is realized, and the measurement accuracy is improved.
The hemispherical emissivity measuring method based on the integrating sphere reflection method solves the problem that the internal light source of the miniature integrating sphere cannot continuously irradiate the surface of a measured sample at multiple angles, realizes accurate calculation of hemispherical emissivity, and avoids errors caused by single angle to hemispherical emissivity solving.
In the invention, the technical schemes can be mutually combined to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, like reference numerals being used to refer to like parts throughout the several views.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of hemispherical emissivity measurements;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the actual optical path of the hemispherical emissivity measurement of the present invention-partially in section;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an integrating sphere of the hemispherical emissivity measurement apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a bottom view of an integrating sphere of the hemispherical emissivity measurement of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an external view of the hemispherical emissivity measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the motion mechanism of the hemispherical emissivity measurement of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a graph of actual motion start-end position contrast for a hemispherical emissivity measurement of the invention.
Reference numerals:
a 1-ray source; 2-connecting rods; 3-an integrating sphere upper hemisphere; 4-steering engine; 5-reel; 6-silk thread; 7-steering engine bracket; 8-integrating sphere lower hemisphere; 9-a detector; 10-screws; 11-a slide rail; 12-a slider; 13-a first threaded hole; 131-a second threaded hole; 14-a third threaded hole; 15-offset slots; 16-fourth threaded holes; 17-detecting port; 18-a fifth threaded hole; 19-the sample to be tested.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention is made in connection with the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and together with the description of the embodiments of the invention, are used to explain the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a hemispherical emissivity measuring method based on an integrating sphere reflection method, which adopts a hemispherical emissivity measuring device with an adjustable ray source position to measure the emissivity, and comprises the following steps:
step S1: placing a sample 19 to be tested at the position of the detection port 17;
step S2: the ray source 1 emits rays to irradiate the surface of the sample 19 to be measured; the rays are reflected to the inner wall of the integrating sphere through the surface of the sample 19 to be measured; the rays are received by the detector 9 after being reflected by the inner wall of the integrating sphere;
step S3: the position and the angle of the ray source 1 are adjusted through a motion mechanism; step S2 is repeated to measure the emissivity of the sample 19 to be measured.
Further, in the step S1, the upper surface of the sample 19 to be measured is attached to the end surface of the detection port 17, so that the radiation emitted from the radiation source 1 inside the integrating sphere irradiates the upper surface of the sample 19 to be measured.
Further, in the step S2, no matter the radiation source 1 emits the radiation in any direction during the movement, the radiation can be always reflected to the position of the detector 9 by the inner wall surface of the integrating sphere, and collected by the detector 9, the detector 9 can convert the radiation signal into a voltage signal, and the surface emissivity of the measured sample 19 can be solved.
Further, in the step S2, the detector 9 solves the emissivity of the surface of the measured sample 19 using formula one and formula two:
in the method, in the process of the invention,
for the radiation brightness of the actual object at the temperature T and the incidence direction forming an angle theta with the normal line of the radiation surface, L 0 (lambda, T) is the radiation brightness of a black body at the same temperature T, < >>
Is the diffraction angle. The incident radiation directly irradiates the surface of the sample instead of the inner wall of the integrating sphere, the radiation with different wavelengths is reflected back to the inner part of the integrating sphere through the surface of the sample, and is received by the detector 9 at the top end of the integrating sphere after being reflected by the inner wall for a plurality of times, and the detector 9 converts the radiation into a voltage signal proportional to the radiation:
V S (λ)＝S(λ)·A(D,ρ i )·ρ s (λ)·L i (lambda) (equation II)
Wherein A (D, ρ i ) Integrating sphere constant, diameter D of integrating sphere and reflectivity ρ of inner wall coating i Related to;
s (lambda) -the spectral response function of the detector (V.mu.m.m 2 ·sr 1 ·W -1 )；
ρ s (λ) -reflectance of the sample;
L i (lambda) -radiation brightness (W.m) -2 ·sr -1 ·μm -1 )。
Further, in the step S3, the position and angle of the radiation source 1 are adjusted, so that the incident angle of the radiation emitted to the surface of the sample 19 to be measured can be adjusted.
Further, the movement mechanism includes: the connecting rod 2, the silk thread 6, the sliding block 12 and the sliding rail 11; the connecting rod 2 passes through the integrating sphere and is connected with the ray source 1; one end of the connecting rod 2 is fixedly provided with the ray source 1, and the other end is fixedly connected with the sliding block 12; the sliding block 12 is sleeved on the sliding rail 11 in a sliding way and slides under the pulling of the silk thread 6.
Further, the movement mechanism further includes: steering engine 4, reel 5; the reel 5 is rotatably arranged on the steering engine bracket 7; two winding grooves are formed in two sides of the steering engine bracket 7; the reel 5 is driven to rotate by the steering engine 4; when the reel 5 rotates, the yarn 6 is driven to move.
Further, the wire 6 has one; two ends of the silk thread 6 are fixedly connected with two sides of the sliding block 12 respectively to form a coil; the coil bypasses the reel 5 and two winding slots.
Alternatively, the number of the wires 6 is two, namely a first wire and a second wire; the number of the reels 5 is two, namely a first reel and a second reel, which are coaxial; the first silk thread is wound on the first winding wheel, and the tail end of the first silk thread bypasses a winding groove at one side of the steering engine bracket and is fixedly connected with the sliding block; the second silk thread is wound on the second winding wheel, and the tail end of the second silk thread bypasses the winding groove on the other side and is fixedly connected with the other side of the sliding block.
Further, in the step S3, when the position of the radiation source 1 is adjusted by the moving mechanism, the adjustment process is as follows:
1) When the measuring device of example 2 is used, i.e. when the slide 12 is driven by a wire 6, the adjustment steps are:
step S31a: the steering engine 4 drives the reel 5 to rotate, and the reel 5 drives the silk thread 6 to rotate;
step S31b: the silk thread 6 pulls the sliding block 12 to slide along the sliding rail 11;
step S31c: the connecting rod 2 and the ray source 1 synchronously move with the sliding block 12 to realize the position adjustment of the ray source 1.
2) When the measuring device of example 3 (see below) is used, the slider 12 is driven by two wires 6, the adjustment steps are:
step S32a: the steering engine 4 drives the first reel and the second reel to synchronously rotate;
step S32b: the first winding wheel drives the first silk thread to be folded, and the second winding wheel drives the second silk thread to be unfolded; or the first winding wheel drives the first silk thread to be unfolded, and the second winding wheel drives the second silk thread to be folded;
step S32c: when the first silk thread is folded and the second silk thread is unfolded, the sliding block 12 is pulled to slide forwards by the first silk thread; the first wire is unwound and the second wire is drawn by the second wire to draw the slider 12 back to slide.
When the slide block 12 slides, the connecting rod 2 and the ray source 1 synchronously displace, so that the position of the ray source 1 is adjusted.
According to the measuring method, through the position adjustment of the radiation source 1, the multi-angle measurement of the emissivity of the surface of the measured sample 19 is realized, the problem of large measurement result error caused by single angle is avoided, and the measurement accuracy is ensured.
Example 2
In one embodiment of the present invention, a hemispherical emissivity measurement apparatus with an adjustable radiation source position is disclosed, for implementing the measurement method of embodiment 1, including: a radiation source 1, an integrating sphere, a motion mechanism and a detector 9; the ray source 1 is arranged inside the integrating sphere and is used for radiating rays; the motion mechanism is used for driving the ray source 1 to move in the integrating sphere; the detector 9 is arranged to receive the reflected radiation.
Furthermore, the measuring principle of the hemispherical emissivity measuring method based on the integrating sphere reflection method utilizes the integrating sphere reflection method to adjust the position and the angle of the ray source 1 through a motion mechanism; the radiation generated by the radiation source 1 irradiates the surface of the sample 19 to be measured from different angles, then the sample receives the radiation and reflects the received signal, so that the radiation is reflected into the integrating sphere to realize uniform reflection, and finally the radiation reaches the detector 9 to complete the collection of the radiation signal, thereby realizing the multi-angle measurement of the emissivity of the sample to be measured, and further improving the measurement precision.
Further, the motion mechanism is arranged outside the integrating sphere, and the motion mechanism comprises: a connecting rod 2, wherein the connecting rod 2 passes through the integrating sphere to be connected with the ray source 1. The motion mechanism is arranged outside the integrating sphere, and only drives the ray source 1 to move through the connecting rod 2, so that the shielding of the mechanism main body on the reflection path of rays inside the integrating sphere is reduced to the maximum extent, the measuring device can realize multi-angle measurement in the maximum range, and the measurement precision is improved.
Further, the movement mechanism further includes: steering engine 4, reel 5, silk thread 6 and slide rail 11; the reel 5 is driven to rotate by the steering engine 4; one end of the connecting rod 2 is fixedly provided with the ray source 1, and the other end of the connecting rod is sleeved on the sliding rail 11 in a sliding way. The sliding rail 11 is provided with a sliding block 12 in a sliding manner; the connecting rod 2 is fixedly connected with the sliding block 12. The sliding block 12 is fixedly connected with the silk thread 6; when the reel 5 rotates, the sliding block 12 can be driven to slide along the sliding rail 11 through the silk thread 6.
Specifically, the slider 12 includes: two clamping pieces and a connecting shaft; the two clamping pieces are arranged on two sides of the sliding rail 11 and are connected into a whole through a connecting shaft; the outer part of the connecting shaft is sleeved with a mounting bearing, the inner ring of the bearing is in interference fit with the connecting shaft, and when the sliding block 12 slides relative to the sliding rail 11, the outer ring of the bearing rolls on the surface of the sliding rail 11. Preferably, three connecting shafts are provided. The sliding block 12 clamps the sliding rail 11 through the clamping piece to realize the movement of the mechanism, the clamping piece adopts a three-point support design, and the bearing is arranged in the support point, so that the sliding friction is reduced while the movement stability is ensured, and the action process of the movement mechanism is smoother.
The motion transmission route of the motion mechanism is as follows:
the steering engine 4 drives the reel 5 to rotate, the reel 5 drives the silk thread 6 to move, the silk thread 6 bypasses the winding grooves on two sides of the steering engine bracket 7 to drive the sliding block 12 to slide along the sliding rail 11, the sliding block 12 slides forward when the reel 5 rotates forward, and the sliding block 12 slides backward when the reel 5 rotates reversely; then, the slide block 12 drives the connecting rod 2 and the ray source 1 on the connecting rod 2 to move, so that the continuous angle-changing movement of the light source is realized.
Further, a steering engine bracket 7 is fixedly arranged outside the integrating sphere; the steering engine 4 is fixedly arranged on the steering engine bracket 7. Because the steering engine 4 can continuously rotate at positive and negative angles, after the mechanism is ensured to be installed without errors, the coils of the reel 5 and the silk thread 6 can be driven to rotate positively or reversely, so that the sliding block 12 can slide positively or reversely, and the continuous variable-angle movement of the ray source 1 can be realized.
Further, wiring grooves are formed in the two ends of the steering engine support 7; one end of the silk thread 6 is fixedly connected with one side of the sliding block 12, and the other end of the silk thread 6 bypasses the winding wheel 5 and the two winding grooves to be fixedly connected with the other end of the sliding block 12.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, two ends of the sliding rail 11 are fixedly connected with the steering engine bracket 7, and the winding groove is arranged at the joint of the steering engine bracket 7 and the sliding rail 11. Alternatively, in another embodiment of the present invention, driving wheels are installed at both ends of the sliding rail 11; the wire 6 is connected to the slider 12 around the reel 5 and the two driving wheels.
Specifically, steering wheel 4 passes through screw fixed mounting on steering wheel support 7, and steering wheel support 7 has acted as the structural support of motion, and steering wheel support 7 passes through screw 10 to be fixed in integrating sphere upper hemisphere 3's first screw hole 13 positions, has realized bearing type structure, has further optimized spatial structure.
Specifically, the ray source 1 is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting rod 2 through the bonding back, the other end of the connecting rod 2 is fixedly installed on the sliding block 12 through a screw, the sliding block 12 slides on the sliding rail 11 through bearing rolling fit, the reel 5 is driven to rotate through the steering engine 4, the traction of the silk thread 6 is driven, and finally the variable angle motion of the ray source 1 is realized.
Preferably, the radiation source 1 is an infrared radiation source.
Preferably, the sliding rail 11 is circular arc-shaped.
Specifically, the sample 19 to be measured is in contact with the surface of the detection port 17 of the integrating sphere at the time of measurement.
When the moving mechanism drives the ray source 1 to move, the moving track of the ray source 1 is an arc around the circle center of the tangent circle of the contact surface of the measured sample 19 and the detection port 17, and the moving angle is the range of 0-50 degrees of the included angle of the normal direction of the measured sample 19.
Further, the integrating sphere includes: an integrating sphere upper hemisphere 3 and an integrating sphere lower hemisphere 8; the integrating sphere upper hemisphere 3 is provided with a biasing groove 15, and the connecting rod 2 passes through the biasing groove 15.
Specifically, the sphere of the integrating sphere adopts a half-and-half opening and closing design and comprises two parts, namely an upper integrating sphere hemisphere 3 and a lower integrating sphere hemisphere 8.
The integrating sphere is formed by processing aluminum alloy metal, the spheres of the upper integrating sphere hemisphere 3 and the lower integrating sphere hemisphere 8 are connected through bolts, and the positioning is accurate after the integrating sphere is closed, so that the inner surface of the integrating sphere forms a complete sphere.
Further, a detection port 17 is arranged on the integrating sphere lower hemisphere 8; the sample 19 to be tested is placed at the detection port 17.
Preferably, the radiation point of the radiation source 1 is at a distance of not less than 12mm from the surface of the sample 19 to be measured.
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the radiation source 1 reciprocates in the space of the integrating sphere lower hemisphere 8; the radiation is reflected by the sample surface into the upper hemisphere 3 of the integrating sphere. To avoid radiation escape, the integrating sphere upper hemisphere 3 is provided with a biasing groove 15, and the position of the biasing groove 15 is not aligned with the normal direction of the sample surface. That is, the offset groove 15 and the detection port 17 are offset from each other and are not aligned with each other.
Further, as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, the detector 9 is mounted in a direction normal to a plane in which the angular direction of movement of the radiation source 1 is located. That is, the detector 9 is perpendicular to the plane of the offset slot 15.
Because the inner surface of the integrating sphere is an approximate Robo surface, the approximate Robo surface is an ideal surface which is uniformly reflected in all directions, the detector 9 receives detection signals consistently, namely rays can be always reflected to the position of the detector 9 by the inner wall surface of the integrating sphere no matter the rays are emitted in any direction during the movement of the ray source 1, and the rays are collected by the detector 9.
Further, the integrating sphere is sandblasted, and the inner wall surface is required to be gold-plated in order to enhance the reflected signal. Preferably, the inner wall surface of the integrating sphere is gold-plated by 100nm or more.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, a first threaded hole 13 is formed in the upper hemisphere 3 of the integrating sphere, a fourth threaded hole 16 is formed in the lower hemisphere 8 of the integrating sphere, and screws penetrate through the steering engine bracket 7 and are installed in the first threaded hole 13 and the fourth threaded hole 16, so that the steering engine bracket 7 is fixedly connected with the upper hemisphere 3 of the integrating sphere.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, a second threaded hole 131 is provided on the side surface of the upper hemisphere 3 of the integrating sphere, and the second threaded hole 131 is used for installing a fixing bracket of the detector 9; the screw passes through the shell of the detector 9 and is arranged in the second threaded hole 131, so that the fixed connection between the detector 9 and the upper hemisphere 3 of the integrating sphere is realized. In particular, the detector 9 is mounted perpendicular to the plane of the offset slot 15.
Further, fifth threaded holes 18 are correspondingly formed in the upper integrating sphere hemisphere 3 and the lower integrating sphere hemisphere 8, and screws penetrate through the fifth threaded holes 18 to fixedly connect the lower integrating sphere hemisphere 8 with the upper integrating sphere hemisphere 3.
Further, a fourth threaded hole 14 is formed in the lateral lug of the integrating sphere, and the fourth threaded hole 14 is a reserved hole site for connecting an external carrying bracket. The integrating sphere is fixedly mounted on the external mounting bracket through a screw, specifically, the screw passes through the external mounting bracket and is screwed into a fourth threaded hole 14 on the integrating sphere, so that the position of the integrating sphere is fixed.
The implementation process comprises the following steps:
the linear motion device comprises a ray source 1 (an infrared radiation light source), a winding wheel 5, a silk thread 6, a sliding rail 11 and a sliding block 12 consisting of two pressing clamping pieces, wherein the sliding block 12 drives a movement mechanism for position conversion of the ray source 1, a threading hole is reserved on the sliding block 12, the non-ductile silk thread 6 is fixedly bonded with the sliding block 12, then the silk thread 6 bypasses winding grooves on the winding wheel 5 and a steering engine bracket 7, so that the silk thread 6 is in a tight state, and movement errors are eliminated; the silk thread 6 drives the sliding block 12 to slide, so that the ray source 1 is continuously displaced.
The reel 5 is fastened on the central shaft of the steering engine 4 through a fixing screw, the steering engine supports 7 are fixed at corresponding integrating sphere openings through screws, the overall external dimension of the integrating sphere is not more than 55mm < 3 >, the inner wall of the integrating sphere adopts gold plating to form a Langbo reflecting surface, the radiation brightness emitted by the tested sample 19 is uniformly scattered, the radiation is uniformly introduced into the detector 9, and then the detector 9 converts the radiation signal into a voltage signal.
The radiation source 1 in the integrating sphere can move from the initial position a to the end position b, so that continuous displacement between the radiation source 1 (infrared light source) from the normal direction of the measured sample 19 to a position with an included angle of 50 degrees from the normal direction of the measured sample 19 is realized, reflected rays are collected through the detector 9 and converted into voltage signals, and the emissivity of the surface of the measured sample 19 is further solved and calculated.
Example 3
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a hemispherical emissivity measurement apparatus with an adjustable radiation source position is provided, and an improvement is made on the basis of embodiment 2 in order to further ensure the motion accuracy of the motion mechanism and eliminate the motion error.
The difference is that:
in this embodiment, two reels 5 and two wires 6 are provided;
specifically, the reel 5 includes a first reel and a second reel, which are coaxial and are rotated by the steering gear 4.
In particular, the thread 6 comprises a first thread and a second thread. One end of the first silk thread is wound on the first winding wheel, and the other end of the first silk thread is connected with one side of the sliding block 12; one end of the second wire is wound on the second reel, and the other end of the second wire is connected with the other side of the slider 12, so that the slider 12 can slide left and right by tightening the first wire or the second wire.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, a first wire winding groove and a second wire winding groove are respectively arranged on two sides of the steering engine bracket 7; or the two sides of the steering engine bracket 7 are respectively provided with a first driving wheel and a second driving wheel.
Specifically, one end of the first wire is wound around the first reel, and the other end of the first wire bypasses the first winding groove or the first driving wheel to be fixedly connected with one side of the slider 12.
Specifically, one end of the second wire is wound on the second reel, and the other end of the second wire bypasses the second driving wheel and is fixedly connected with the other side of the slider 12.
Specifically, the winding directions of the first and second wires are opposite. When one wire 6 is tightened, the other wire 6 is spread out.
When the steering engine 4 drives the reel 5 to rotate forward (clockwise), the first wire on the first reel is folded, the sliding block 12 is pulled to move forward (leftwards) on the sliding rail 11, and at the moment, the second wire on the second reel is unfolded. When the steering engine 4 drives the reel 5 to rotate reversely (anticlockwise), the second wire on the second reel is folded, the sliding block 12 is pulled to move reversely (rightwards) on the sliding rail 11, and at the moment, the first wire on the first reel is unfolded.
According to the embodiment, the sliding block 12 is pulled by the first silk thread or the second silk thread to move leftwards or rightwards, so that the position adjustment of the connecting rod 2 and the ray source 1 is realized, the emissivity of the surface of the measured sample 19 is measured under the condition of different incident angles, the average value is solved through multiple measurements, the surface emissivity of the measured sample is obtained, and the measurement accuracy is remarkably improved.
The motion mechanism of this embodiment sets up two reels 5 and two silk threads 6, has realized the dual fixed to slider 12, and during the regulation, one silk thread 6 pulls slider 12 and slides, and another silk thread 6 expands the length extension, can effectively avoid the silk thread 6 to skid the condition that leads to's motion not in place, ensures slider 12 motion in place, eliminates motion error, guarantees motion mechanism's motion precision.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
1. the miniature integrating sphere is designed, so that the sphere is compressed as much as possible under the condition of better radiation signal acquisition, unnecessary volume and weight can be reduced, the sphere structure is designed to be opened and closed in half, the assembly is convenient, the material cost of processing is reduced, the rear hemisphere bias opening is used for avoiding the direct escape of sample radiation, and a foundation is laid for the application of portable equipment.
2. The invention adopts a moving mechanism to adjust the position of the ray source 1, and utilizes a sliding block structure to drive the light source to realize the movement in the integrating sphere, the movement angle of the light source is from the normal line of the surface of the test sample to an included angle of 50 degrees, the movement process is continuously controllable, and the light source stays at any angle within the range of 0-50 degrees, so as to realize the multi-angle continuous radiation state.
3. The motion mechanism is compact and reliable, the thin film light source can utilize electric control modulation to greatly simplify the light source structure, the integrating sphere can be freely matched with detectors with different wave bands, the flexibility of the device is high, the applicable wave band is wide, and convenience is provided for the development of portable devices.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The hemispherical emissivity measuring method based on the integrating sphere reflection method is characterized in that an hemispherical emissivity measuring device with an adjustable radiation source position is adopted for measuring the emissivity, and the method comprises the following steps:
step S1: placing a sample (19) to be tested at the position of the detection port (17);
step S2: the ray source (1) emits rays to irradiate the surface of a sample (19) to be measured; the rays are reflected to the inner wall of the integrating sphere through the surface of the sample (19) to be measured; the rays are received by the detector (9) after being reflected by the inner wall of the integrating sphere;
step S3: the position and the angle of the ray source (1) are adjusted through a motion mechanism; repeating the step S2, and measuring the emissivity of the tested sample (19);
the motion mechanism comprises: the connecting rod (2), the silk thread (6), the sliding block (12) and the sliding rail (11); the connecting rod (2) passes through the integrating sphere and is connected with the ray source (1); one end of the connecting rod (2) is fixedly provided with the ray source (1), and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the sliding block (12); the sliding block (12) is sleeved on the sliding rail (11) in a sliding manner and slides under the pulling of the silk thread (6);
the movement mechanism further includes: steering engine (4), reel (5); the reel (5) is rotatably arranged on the steering engine bracket (7); two winding grooves are formed in two sides of the steering engine support (7); the reel (5) is driven to rotate through the steering engine (4); when the reel (5) rotates, the silk thread (6) is driven to move;
two ends of the silk thread (6) are fixedly connected with two sides of the sliding block (12) respectively to form a coil; the coil bypasses the reel (5) and two winding slots.
2. The hemispherical emissivity measurement method of claim 1, wherein in said step S1, the upper surface of the sample (19) to be measured is attached to the end surface of the probe opening (17).
3. The hemispherical emissivity measurement method based on the integrating sphere reflection method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the radiation source (1) emits radiation in any direction during the movement, and the radiation can be always reflected to the position of the detector (9) by the inner wall surface of the integrating sphere; the detector (9) can convert the radiation signal into a voltage signal to solve the surface emissivity of the sample (19) to be measured.
4. A hemispherical emissivity measurement method based on the integrating sphere reflection method according to claim 3, characterized in that the wire (6) is provided with one.
5. The hemispherical emissivity measurement method of claim 4, wherein in said step S3, when said moving mechanism drives the slider (12) with a wire (6), the adjustment process includes:
step S31a: the steering engine (4) drives the reel (5) to rotate, and the reel (5) drives the coil of the silk thread (6) to rotate.
6. The hemispherical emissivity measurement method of claim 5, wherein step S31b: when the coil rotates, the silk thread (6) pulls the sliding block (12) to slide along the sliding rail (11).
7. The hemispherical emissivity measurement method of claim 6, wherein step S31c: the connecting rod (2) and the ray source (1) synchronously slide block (12) displace, so that the position of the ray source (1) is adjusted.
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| JP2004309428A (en) * | 2003-04-10 | 2004-11-04 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | Method and device for measuring lens focal position of microchemical system, the microchemical system, and method for positioning lens of the microchemical system |
| DE102004002194A1 (en) * | 2004-01-15 | 2005-08-04 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology | Optical constants measurement system e.g. for reflectance and refraction uses a common bench with tiltable ellipsoidal mirrors to set up optical paths between a light source, sample and detector |
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